Introdução A adolescência é uma fase importante na consolidação das práticas alimentares saudáveis. Os conhecimentos e percepções dos adolescentes sobre alimentação saudável são determinantes para que se incorporem tais práticas. Objetivo Avaliar os conhecimentos e as percepções sobre alimentação saudável e escolhas alimentares de adolescentes. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo transversal, de natureza quanti-qualitativa com coleta de dados primários, com adolescentes, em escola pública no município de São Paulo. Os dados de peso, estatura foram coletados para a avaliar o estado nutricional, por meio do Índice de Massa Corporal, e possíveis associações entre o gênero e a idade foram verificadas. O estado nutricional foi analisado segundo os percentis propostos pela OMS. Utilizou-se a análise da estatística descritiva, teste do qui-quadrado, ANOVA e teste t-student. Para avaliar os conhecimentos, as percepções e as escolhas alimentares foram elaboradas 4 perguntas discursivas sobre o tema alimentação saudável. Utilizou-se a técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo, por meio das seguintes figuras metodológicas: expressões chaves e idéias centrais, para a construção do discurso. Resultados Os adolescentes apresentaram um conhecimento adequado com relação ao conceito de alimentação saudável, sendo que 52,6% relacionaram a uma dieta equilibrada e variada. 55,4% percebiam a sua alimentação como saudável. Com relação às escolhas alimentares observou-se que a maioria dos alunos opta pelo consumo de alimentos com alta densidade energética, durante o intervalo de aula ou em casa. Quanto ao estado nutricional aproximadamente 30% dos adolescentes apresentaram excesso de peso corporal. Os funcionários entrevistados sugerem modificações para a melhoria do valor nutritivo e dos aspectos sensoriais da alimentação escolar. Conclusão - Os adolescentes apresentaram excesso de peso, conhecimentos e percepções adequadas sobre alimentação saudável, mas optam por escolhas alimentares inadequadas. A percepção e a opinião dos funcionários é que há desperdício e não aceitação de alguns alimentos. / Introduction: Adolescence is an important period of life for healthy eating practices consolidation. Adolescents´ knowledge and perceptions about healthy eating are determinants to integrate these practices. Objective: Evaluate adolescents´ knowledge and perceptions about healthy eating and food choices. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study with primary data collection, with adolescents from a public school in the city of São Paulo. Weight and high was collected to evaluate the nutritional status, through body mass index, and possible associations between gender and age was verified. Nutritional status was analyzed by WHO percentiles. Descriptive statistic, chi-square test, ANOVA and t-student test were used. To evaluate their knowledge, perceptions and food choices were elaborated 4 discursive questions about healthy eating. The Discourse of the Collective Subject technique was used, through the following methodological figures: key expressions and central ideas, for the discourse construction. Results: Youth presents an adequate knowledge about healthy eating, 52,6% related it to a balance and varied diet; and 55,4% perceive their own diet as healthy. Most of the students refer to choose high energy dense foods, during school break or on their own home. In relation to nutritional status nearly 30% of the adolescents were overweight. The employees interviewed suggested modifications to improve nutritional values and sensory aspects of the school meal program. Conclusion: Adolescents presents overweight and adequate knowledge and perceptions about healthy eating, but their food choices are inadequate. The employees perception and opinion about school meals are related to waste and rejections of some foods.

No description available.

The purpose of the study was to investigate knowledge practices in Nkangala District Municipality (NDM), situated in the Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. The objective of the study was to discover NDM managers’ level of understanding participation and establish any challenges of knowledge sharing in NDM. This study employed qualitative research method. An interview guide was designed to collect data through in-depth interviews. To determine the number of participants for the interview, stratified and purposive sampling methods were used. The study established that there is little knowledge and understanding of the knowledge sharing concept by NDM managers, hence, it is not formally recognised by the institution. However, managers acknowledged that knowledge sharing could play a huge role in improving service delivery. The study recommends that NDM should consider introducing the knowledge sharing concept, through the establishment of a knowledge sharing section. A culture of knowledge sharing could be developed through the development of knowledge sharing policies, which should be aligned to the Integrated Development Planning (IDP) process of NDM. In addition, the study recommends an upgrade on the existing ICT infrastructure and internet connection, especially in rural municipalities. This will ensure that ICT fully supports knowledge sharing activities. The study suggested that an additional study is conducted to establish knowledge sharing practices among the lower level staff members of NDM. / Information Science / M.A.(Information Science)

Submitted by Noeme Timbo (noeme.timbo@metodista.br) on 2017-05-30T16:58:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FernandRM.pdf: 1137422 bytes, checksum: 38f2c80a16247223b7be04502a17b2cc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-30T16:58:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FernandRM.pdf: 1137422 bytes, checksum: 38f2c80a16247223b7be04502a17b2cc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Organizational learning studies aim to describe and analyze forms and reasons of knowledge creation, development and using in companies, and how these processes help an organization to generate value and competitiveness in their markets. Emphasis was given to organizational learning practices in order to determine initiatives made by companies to generate an learning favorable ambience, while knowledge management practices acts to support and complement organizational learning practices, since they’re related to activities developed in consulting companies, who were focus of this study and composed the cases here described. Discussion contained in this dissertation taken as basis an qualitative and interview-based approach, using content analysis and document analysis, with two cases analyzed individually and in a cross-sectional way, and was conducted between November 2016 and January 2017 in two big consulting companies, based in São Paulo city. When comparing perceptions and statements to the companies’ public documents and to literature-based references, it concludes that the identified practices aim to give workers a set of capabilities suited to their acting in organizations, using previous experiences, best practices mapping and knowledge transferring. Clients’ diversity of profiles and acting areas demand from studied organizations a workforce who simultaneously shows certain quality standards and singularities that gives advantages to these consulting companies and, consequently, to their clients. / O estudo da aprendizagem organizacional visa descrever e analisar as formas e motivos pelos quais ocorre a geração, aprimoramento e utilização do conhecimento dentro das empresas, e como tais processos as ajudam a gerar valor e competitividade em seus mercados de atuação. Foram enfatizadas práticas de aprendizagem organizacional, para determinar as iniciativas adotadas pelas organizações na geração de ambiência propícia ao aprendizado, enquanto as práticas de gestão do conhecimento suportam e complementam aquelas de aprendizagem organizacional, por estarem relacionadas à atividade das empresas de consultoria, alvo deste estudo e que compuseram os casos descritos neste artigo. A discussão realizada utilizou uma abordagem qualitativa baseada em entrevistas, análise de conteúdo e análise documental, com dois casos analisados individualmente e de forma cruzada, sendo realizada entre novembro de 2016 e janeiro de 2017 em duas organizações de consultoria de grande porte, localizadas na cidade de São Paulo. Ao comparar percepções e depoimentos colhidos com documentos públicos das organizações estudadas e referências constantes na literatura, concluiu-se que as práticas identificadas buscam proporcionar aos colaboradores um conjunto de capacidades adequado à atuação destes nas empresas, com aproveitamento de experiências anteriores, mapeamento de melhores práticas e transferência de conhecimentos. Os múltiplos perfis de clientes e suas áreas de atuação exigem das organizações estudadas um quadro funcional que apresente simultaneamente perfis padronizados de conhecimentos por cargo ou nível hierárquico, e especialistas em determinadas vertentes do conhecimento, para atingir padrões de qualidade e singularidade e oferecer um diferencial a estas organizações de consultoria e, consequentemente, seus clientes.

Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-04T12:36:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009 / OBJETIVOS: Avaliar o nível de conhecimento e as práticas de aleitamento materno e de aleitamento cruzado de parturientes internadas em um Hospital e Maternidade da região nordeste brasileira, com vistas ao desenvolvimento futuro de projetos educacionais de encorajamento à amamentação em Horizonte, Ceará. SUJEITOS E MÉTODO: Foi realizado um estudo transversal em uma amostra de 120 mães internadas em alojamento conjunto na Unidade Hospitalar e Maternidade Venâncio Raimundo de Sousa, Horizonte, Ceará, no período de janeiro a abril de 2008. Foi aplicado um questionário estruturado às mães nas primeiras 24 horas após o parto contendo perguntas sobre características sócio econômicas, assistência pré-natal, conhecimentos e práticas em aleitamento materno e em aleitamento cruzado. RESULTADOS: A maior parte das mães (86 por cento) vivia com o companheiro, 25 por cento eram adolescentes e 20 por cento exerciam trabalho remunerado, a renda mediana encontrando-se entre um e dois salários mínimos. Embora todas tenham realizado consultas de pré-natal, 56 por cento não tiveram as mamas examinadas e 30 por cento não receberam qualquer orientação sobre aleitamento materno. Quanto aos conhecimentos das puérperas sobre a amamentação exclusiva, 89 por cento das mulheres informaram que sua duração deveria ser até os seis meses, enquanto 14 por cento achavam que deveria ser administrada água e chá e 4 por cento que deveria ser oferecido suco. A maioria (81 por cento) afirmou ser necessário oferecer os dois seios a cada mamada ao lactente. Dentre as mulheres multíparas, 88 por cento já tiveram a vivência da amamentação, sendo a duração mediana de aleitamento materno do último filho de nove meses. A maior parte dos companheiros (75 por cento) e dos familiares (70 por cento) considerou que amamentar é importante. O aleitamento cruzado foi praticado por 32 por cento das multíparas, predominantemente com parentes. CONCLUSÕES: O estudo mostrou a necessidade de instrumentalização da rede básica de saúde em procedimentos de promoção, proteção e apoio ao aleitamento materno nos serviços de pré-natal com o intuito de melhorar o conhecimento e as práticas maternas em amamentação. / OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the level of knowledge and the practice on breastfeeding and cross-nursing among parturient women at a maternity-hospital in Northeast Brazil. The goal was to show the importance of developing educational projects to encourage breastfeeding in the city of Horizonte, Ceará. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Venâncio Raimundo de Sousa Maternity Hospital, located in Horizonte, Ceará, Brazil. A sample of 120 rooming-in mothers were interviewed between January and April, 2008. A structured questionnaire was applied during the first day after labor. Mother’s social economic conditions, reproductive history, prenatal care, level of knowledge and practice on breastfeeding and cross-nursing were investigated. RESULTS: Most mothers (86%) lived with their partners and 25% were adolescents. Only 20% were working mothers, the median payment being from one to two minimum wages. All of them had prenatal care, but 56% did not have their breasts examined and 30% did not receive any advice on breastfeeding during prenatal care. Most mothers (89%) affirmed that exclusive breastfeeding should last for 6 months, 14% considered that babies should be offered water or tea and 4% juices. Most mothers (81%) considered that both breasts should be offered each time to the baby. Among the multiparous women, 88% had already breastfed. The median duration of previous breastfeeding was of 9 months. Most part of mother’s partners (75%) and relatives (70%) considered that breastfeeding is important. Cross-nursing had been practiced by 32% of them, mainly with a kin. CONCLUSIONS: The research has shown the need of implementing breastfeeding promotion, protection and support in prenatal units, in order to improve mothers knowledge and practices on breastfeeding.

To increase competitive advantage, organizations are developing how they manage internalknowledge. This has been tackled by implementing various Knowledge Management Systems,which have been developed based on the needs of specific teams and/or latest trends. Suchapproach is problematic since it does not take into consideration what the users currentKnowledge Management practices are, nor if the system is relevant for a larger mass.The purpose of this thesis is to identify what requirements from users, regarding content andfeatures, are relevant to focus on when designing a Knowledge Management System, targetedtowards knowledge intensive businesses. To examine this, an exploratory research approachhas been applied on a global Information and Communication Technology (ICT) company.100 semi-structured interviews were conducted, with employees located at various globallocations and with varying job roles, in order to get a detailed picture of the user requirementson a Knowledge Management System. The interviews were later sorted and analysed by usingthe Technology Acceptance Model, and quantified by calculating the frequency count on thedifferent requirements. The findings were later reduced, based on their generalizability, inorder to facilitate a list of user requirements that are relevant to focus on, when constructing aknowledge management system for a knowledge intensive business.The results show that there are several aspects to consider in the creation of a KnowledgeManagement System, meant for a knowledge intensive business. The majority of these aspectsare related to increased findability of relevant & updated document and colleagues, receiveinformation about internal operations and lessons learnt from previous projects. Examples ofthese requirements are a semantic search engine, news feed and interconnected repositories.

Knowledge management (KM) has been cited as a strategic asset and a source of competitive advantage for organisations. While the issues of KM have been widely discussed by many researchers, there is a paucity of studies pertaining to the role of KM in enhancing organisational performance, especially in the banking sector. The focus of this research was to investigate the role of KM in enhancing organisational performance in selected banks of South Africa. The objective was to find out how knowledge was identified, captured, organised and retained in order to enhance performance of the banks. There is uncertainty about whether the use of KM could partly solve the banks‟ approaches to improving their quality of service to their communities in the modern information environment. Though KM has been implemented in commercial and business environments towards operational advantages and financial gains, KM survival principles and tools might help South African banks improve performance and fulfil their mandate. Knowledge, when properly managed, can significantly enhance an organisation‟s performance. The research design that was used in this study was an embedded case study design. Quantitative data were collected from a sample of middle level managers with the aid of a survey whilst interviews and document analysis were used to collect qualitative data. The findings of this study indicated that KM concepts were not universally understood at selected banks. The findings showed that collaboration between banks and the communities in creating a meaningful and relevant knowledge environment was essential for the survival of organisations. The banking industry practices were not deliberately based on KM but the study established that they were amenable to KM practices. The recommendation was to perform a knowledge inventory which could help develop appropriate institution-wide policies and practices for proper and well-organised methods of integrating work processes, collaborating and sharing (including the efficient use of knowledge technology platforms), and developing an enabling institutional culture. / Information Science / D. Litt. et Phil. (Information Science)

Defence organisations have now significantly developed and in the process they have applied various measures to sustain their progresses and encourage innovation. One of those measures is by embarking on KM programs. KM in military is seen as a strategic approach to achieving defense objectives by leveraging the value of collective knowledge through the process of creating, gathering, organizing, sharing and transferring knowledge into action. It is through proper knowledge management practices that an organisation embraces and manages its knowledge generation, knowledge acquisition, knowledge organisation, knowledge storage, transfer, knowledge sharing, and knowledge retention. The purpose of this study was to investigate knowledge management practices in the Department of Defence (RSA). The objective of the study was to find out how the department appreciates, understands, interprets and handles its knowledge. This study employed triangulation method to present trustworthiness of both qualitative and quantitative research approaches using positivist research design. Questionnaires, interviews and document analysis were employed to collect data. In order to arrive at the number of participants who received the questionnaires, a probability sampling method called stratified random sampling was used as well as purposive sampling. When setting up a study, it was essential to review the research identified in the literature review and to determine whether there is anything relevant to the research design of the proposed study. The study found that knowledge management was hardly understood generally in the department and was not an approach used and institutionalised for the benefit of the organisation. However there was embedded knowledge management appreciation from a few staff members in the department, only managing their own knowledge regarding learning, capturing and storage. Additionally there is a significant number of staff members who believe knowledge management is a way to go in the future and strongly believe their Defence Department needs to adopt a comprehensive and inclusive KM approach. / Information Science / M.A. (Information Science)

Knowledge management (KM) has been cited as a strategic asset and a source of competitive advantage for organisations. While the issues of KM have been widely discussed by many researchers, there is a paucity of studies pertaining to the role of KM in enhancing organisational performance, especially in the banking sector. The focus of this research was to investigate the role of KM in enhancing organisational performance in selected banks of South Africa. The objective was to find out how knowledge was identified, captured, organised and retained in order to enhance performance of the banks. There is uncertainty about whether the use of KM could partly solve the banks‟ approaches to improving their quality of service to their communities in the modern information environment. Though KM has been implemented in commercial and business environments towards operational advantages and financial gains, KM survival principles and tools might help South African banks improve performance and fulfil their mandate. Knowledge, when properly managed, can significantly enhance an organisation‟s performance. The research design that was used in this study was an embedded case study design. Quantitative data were collected from a sample of middle level managers with the aid of a survey whilst interviews and document analysis were used to collect qualitative data. The findings of this study indicated that KM concepts were not universally understood at selected banks. The findings showed that collaboration between banks and the communities in creating a meaningful and relevant knowledge environment was essential for the survival of organisations. The banking industry practices were not deliberately based on KM but the study established that they were amenable to KM practices. The recommendation was to perform a knowledge inventory which could help develop appropriate institution-wide policies and practices for proper and well-organised methods of integrating work processes, collaborating and sharing (including the efficient use of knowledge technology platforms), and developing an enabling institutional culture. / Information Science / D. Litt. et Phil. (Information Science)

Knowledge-sharing practices are all the actions aimed at improving the internal flow and use of knowledge within a virtual team. The collective knowledge of team members only becomes powerful if it is shared among those who possess common goals. The main purpose of this study was to explore the knowledge-sharing practices of Hogan Lovells’ virtual team of legal information professionals and establish how these practices could be enhanced in order to provide a superior information service to the firm’s lawyers. Hogan Lovells is a multinational law firm with offices in South Africa and England, and its virtual team of legal information professionals were experiencing challenges in sharing knowledge. The study adopted a qualitative methodology and a case-study research design. Interview guides were used to collect qualitative data from study Participants. Out of the 23 potential interviewees from the London and Johannesburg team who were purposively selected as the target population for the study, the researcher interviewed 14 on reaching the point of saturation. The Participants interviewed were in possession of suitable information related to the objectives of the study. Qualitative data collected were analysed using content analysis; findings were then made from the completed analysis. From the findings, it emerged that there were several gaps in the knowledge-sharing practices. Several enablers to the knowledge-sharing practices by legal information professionals were identified. The study recommended several ways by which the knowledge-sharing practices at Hogan Lovells’ virtual team of legal information professionals may be enhanced, amongst which are: formalising team meetings as a virtual community of practice, stimulating informal peer mentoring, valuing storytelling and regularly conducting After-Action Reviews. In addition to this, the virtual team should use other knowledge-sharing practices, such as brainstorming, subject-matter experts, and face-to-face virtual meetings. The study suggested that additional studies, particularly surveys and quantitative studies, be conducted on other virtual teams of legal information professionals in South Africa in order to explore their knowledge-sharing practices. / Information Science / M. A. (Information Science)