O ensino e a aprendizagem do tema hierarquia de memória não são tarefas simples, pois muitos assuntos que são abordados em teoria podem desmotivar a aprendizagem em virtude de sua complexidade. Este projeto de mestrado apresenta a transformação do módulo de memória cache da ferramenta Amnesia em um objeto de aprendizagem, que visa facilitar a construção do conhecimento através da simulação da estrutura e da funcionalidade da hierarquia de memória na arquitetura von Neumann de uma maneira mais prática e didática. Este processo permitiu que funcionalidades existentes na ferramenta fossem readequadas e novas funcionalidades desenvolvidas. Aliado a isso, planos de aula e questionários de avaliação e usabilidade também foram concebidos, validados e implementados junto à elaboração de um tutorial para descrever o funcionamento do novo objeto. Os estudos experimentais realizados analisaram dois aspectos: o primeiro, se o objeto de aprendizagem melhorou, de fato, a aprendizagem dos alunos no assunto memória cache; o segundo, a opinião dos alunos em relação à utilização do objeto. Após a análise e avaliação dos resultados obtidos nos experimentos, foi possível demonstrar uma evolução na aprendizagem quando se fez o uso do objeto, além de se perceber que a motivação dos alunos em utilizar outros objetos de aprendizagem aumentou. / The teaching and learning of memory hierarchy are not simple tasks, because many subjects that are covered in theory may demotivate learning because of its complexity. This Master\'s thesis presents the process of transformation of the cache memory module of Amnesia tool in a learning object, aiming to facilitate the construction of knowledge by simulating the structure and functionality of memory hierarchy of von Neumann architecture in a more practice and didactic way. This process allowed existing features in the tool to be adequate and new features developed. In addition, lesson plans and questionnaires of assessment and usability have also been designed, validated and implemented and a tutorial to describe the operation of the new object was developed. Experimental studies have examined two aspects: the first, if the learning object improved, in fact, the students\' learning in the subject cache memory; the second, students\' opinions regarding the use of the object. After the analysis and evaluation of the results obtained in the experiments, was possible show an evolution in learning when it made the use of the object, and also to perceive that students\' motivation to use other learning objects increased.

Laboratory single-species toxicity tests are used to assess the effects of contaminants on aquatic biota. Questions remain as to how accurately these controlled toxicity tests predict sitespecific bioavailability and effects of metals. Concurrent 42-day Hyalella azteca exposures were performed with cadmium and final treated municipal effluent in the laboratory and at the University of North Texas Stream Research Facility. Further laboratory testing in reconstituted hard water was also conducted. Endpoints evaluated include survival, growth, reproduction, and Cd body burden. My results demonstrate that laboratory toxicity tests may overestimate toxicity responses to cadmium when compared to effluent dominated stream exposures. Discrepancies between endpoints in the three tests likely resulted from increased food sources and decreased cadmium bioavailability in stream mesocosms

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A new Ph.D research project was started early October into the Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering at Luleå University of Technology (LTU) by Sarah CONRAD under the direction of Johan INGRI. The part of this project in which I participed was the determination of the concentration of Fe (II) by flow injection analysis using chemiluminescence in the Bothnia Bay. The missions were to handle the instrument and the software and to prepare also some sample standards for the calibration of the FIA. The stream water is first sampled and filtered. Then the water, containing either just the natural iron in the water or after addition of artificial iron, is analyzed by flow injection analysis in combination with luminol. The results are saved on the laptop and interpreted later. The experiments were performed on both the field and the laboratory of the University. / <p>Validerat; 20131008 (global_studentproject_submitter)</p>

This master thesis deals with the use of microfluidics for the purpose of microfluidic enzymatic reactor for drug screening. At first it considers the issue from a theoretical point of view – describes microfluidics as a newly developing and promising field of production of microfluidic devices, materials, biomedical applications and advantages and disadvantages of microfluidics overall. Furthermore, it focuses on an area of analytical utilization of enzymes within enzyme reactors. In the first part of the experimental section, conditions for the testing of enzymes of xenobiotics metabolism in the liver were optimized, namely the model of coumarin metabolism via the spectrofluorimetry method. The second part of the experimental work dealt with optimization of the fabrication conditions of microfluidic chips from OSTE (off-stoichiometry Thiol Ene) via the soft lithography method. Subsequently, the functionality of the produced chips was tested. Based on the results of both parts of the experimental work, an evaluation was carried out to assess the suitability of their interconnection for future research – screening of microsomal enzyme activity and model biotransformation of drugs within the channels of the fabricated devices.

Keeping sensitive information private in a public world is a common concern to users of digital credentials. A digital credential may contain sensitive attributes certifying characteristics about its owner. X.509v3, the most widely used certificate standard, includes support for certificate extensions that make it possible to bind multiple attributes to a public key contained in the certificate. This feature, although convenient, potentially exploits the certificate holder's private information contained in the certificate. There are currently no privacy considerations in place to protect the disclosure of attributes in a certificate. This thesis focuses on protecting sensitive credential content during trust negotiation and demonstrates, through design and implementation, the privacy benefits achieved through selective disclosure. Selective disclosure of credential content can be achieved using private attributes, a well-known technique that incorporates bit commitment within digital credentials. This technique has not been thoroughly explored or implemented in any prior work. In this thesis, a protocol for issuing and showing credentials containing private attributes is discussed and suggested as a method for concealing and selectively revealing sensitive attributes bound to credentials during trust negotiation. To demonstrate greater privacy control within a credential-based system, private attributes are incorporated into TrustBuilder, an implementation of trust negotiation. With access control at the attribute level, TrustBuilder gives users greater control over their private information and can improve the success rate of negotiations. TrustBuilder also demonstrates how credentials with private attributes can eliminate risks normally associated with exchanging credentials, such as excessive gathering of information that is not germane to the transaction and inadvertently disclosing the value of a sensitive credential attribute.

Les météorites et particules de poussière interplanétaire apportent des contraintes sur la formation et l’évolution de la matière dans le système solaire. Les micrométéorites, dont certaines proviennent des régions externes du système solaire, représentent la source dominante de matière extraterrestre arrivant sur Terre. Les micrométéorites collectées dans les neiges antarctiques sont dans un excellent état de conservation du fait de conditions géographiques et météorologiques favorables à leur préservation. La collection CONCORDIA/CSNSM de micrométéorites contient en particulier des micrométéorites peu altérées thermiquement lors de leur entrée atmosphérique. Certaines sont caractérisées par une très haute teneur en matière organique, dépassant 50% en volume, très largement au dessus des valeurs habituelles trouvées dans les météorites. Cette matière organique présente de plus la spécificité d’être fortement enrichie en deutérium et contient jusqu’à cinq fois plus d’azote celle extraite des météorites.Les différents scénarios proposés pour expliquer la formation de cette matière et satisfaisant à l’ensemble des caractéristiques de ces micrométéorites impliquent des corps parents orbitant au-delà de Neptune, dans la ceinture de Kuiper ou dans le nuage de Oort. La température y est suffisamment basse pour condenser à leur surface les molécules volatiles comme l’azote et le méthane tandis qu’ils sont exposés à l’action radiochimique du rayonnement cosmique galactique. Afin de contraindre ces scénarios, des expériences ont été conduites en exposant différentes glaces N2-CH4 aux faisceaux d’ions du GANIL simulant ce rayonnement. L’évolution chimique des glaces au cours de l’irradiation et pendant le recuit des échantillons a été suivie par spectroscopie infrarouge au moyen de deux dispositifs disponibles au CIMAP : la chambre d’analyse CASIMIR et le nouvel appareil IGLIAS. Des analyses complémentaires ex situ ont été menées par spectrométrie de masse. Les résultats apportant des éléments de réponse à l’origine de la matière organique des micrométéorites ultracarbonées ainsi que sur l’origine de leur enrichissement isotopique seront présentés et discutés. / Extraterrestrial materials, such as meteorites and interplanetary dust particles, provide constraints on the formation and evolution of organic matter in the young solar system. Micrometeorites represent the dominant source of extraterrestrial matter at the Earth’s surface, some of them originating from large heliocentric distances.Micrometeorites recovered from Antarctica snows provide a unique source of pristine interplanetary dust particles, which underwent a minimal weathering at atmospheric entry. A few percent are characterized by very large carbon content with at least 50% in volume, much higher than the value found in meteorites. This organic matter exhibits extreme deuterium excesses and is unusually nitrogen-rich.Several formation scenarios have been proposed for the formation of the N-rich organic matter observed in UCAMMs, suggesting that these particles come from a parent body orbiting beyond the nitrogen snow line, in the outer Solar System where they are exposed to ions from the galactic cosmic rays. We experimentally evaluate the scenario involving high energy irradiation of icy bodies subsurface orbiting at large heliocentric distances by irradiating N2-CH4 ices with swift heavy ions provided by the GANIL facility. Chemical evolution was monitored by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with two experimental set-up : CASIMIR and IGLIAS. Ex situ mass spectroscopy measurement where also conducted. Results concerning the origin of the organic matter found in ultracarbonaceous micrometeorites and the origin of its deuterium enrichment will be presented and discussed.

Das Paper beschreibt das Konzept des im EU Kooperationsprogramm INTERREG Polen-Sachsen 2014–2020 geförderten Projekts „TRAILS – Traveling Innovation Labs and Services“ und stellt erste Ergebnisse der explorativen Analyse vor. TRAILS bringt mobile Innovationslabore direkt zu Schulen sowie Unternehmen an Standorte in der deutsch-polnischen Grenzregion und ist dort jeweils für eine Woche stationiert. In den Innovationslaboren kommen Schüler in eintägigen Workshops mit Unternehmertum in Berührung, kreieren eigene Projektideen und testen neue Technologien. Mitarbeiter von KMU trainieren Methoden, um neue Produkte und Services zu entwickeln und Prozesse zu optimieren. Ziel ist es, Formate wie Business Modeling, Makerspaces und Hackathons samt benötigten Räumlichkeiten, Technologien und Workshop-Programmen in strukturschwachen Regionen vor Ort anzubieten und für die digitale Transformation sowie neue Geschäfts- und Vermarktungsmodelle zu sensibilisieren.

The goal of the project was to simulate a typical silicon detectorresponse in an experiment made at the Tandem lab in Uppsala. The plasma delay time was analyzed by simulating the experiment. Three different models of the plasma delay time were introduced and their effects on time of flight measurements were studied. A continuation of the main goal was to see if the inserted PDT models could be extracted from the simulations when being treated as a pseudo experiment, to see theoverall effectiveness of the experiment. When comparing the final simulations with actual measurements, it was concluded that the main properties of the detector response had been featured and that the simulations were successful. The successful extraction of the inserted plasma delay times and their dependencies on energy also proved that the experiment was a good one. The result of the project was that one of the models seemed to have a strong mass dependence, however with no clear dependence on the energy. The other two models showed a somewhat similar dependence on energy. One of the two models also showed a relatively weak mass dependence.

The global socio-ecological system is under stress with increasing consumer demands and society’s inability to meet those demands. Businesses are both enablers and inhibitors of this socio-ecological dilemma, enabling a shift towards sustainability, in various ways including through Certification. This study aims to understand the B Corp Certification (BCC) – a certification that certifies business according to their social and environmental performance.  The purpose of this study is to gage how much this Certification granted by B Lab moves the dial on sustainability.  To accomplish this, a case study was performed on B Lab with a focus on Developed Markets. This study was largely dependent on semi-structured interviews, desk research and an analysis of the B Impact Assessment (BIA) - a cornerstone of the BCC - which was assessed according to the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development (FSSD). The FSSD which takes a scientific systems view on strategic sustainable development (SSD) was instrumental in analyzing how much the BCC aligns with a SSD approach. The result of this research lends itself to recommendations for the B Corp Certification of which B Lab may choose to consider in future iterations of the BIA and Certification in general.