Thesis (Ph.D. in Immunology) -- University of Colorado Denver, 2007. / Typescript. Non-Latin script record Includes bibliographical references (181-196). Free to UCD affiliates. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;

Thesis (MNutr (Interdisciplinary Health Sciences. Human Nutrition))--Stellenbosch University, 2008. / INTRODUCTION: The objective of this research study was to analyze previously collected dietary intake data using multiple 24-hour dietary recalls and semiquantitative food frequency questionnaires (FFQ’s) in a group of HIV-positive and HIV-negative breastfeeding women from a rural region in KwaZulu-Natal in order to compare the intake of selective micronutrients obtained with the two instruments. Identifying the pattern of food intake and the contribution of different foods to the micronutrient intake in this population group will contribute to possible recommendations aimed at dietary changes to improve dietary micronutrient intake. This study was designed as a sub-study of a longitudinal prospective cohort study and subjects (N=108) were lactating mothers enrolled in a cohort which investigated the combined effect of HIV-infection and breastfeeding on women’s nutritional status. METHOD: A locally constructed FFQ and 24h-recall were used to collect dietary intake data from 108 subjects on three occasions, (~6 weeks, 14- and 24-weeks post partum). Analysis was done using the Food Finder Program™2. Micronutrients under investigation were iron, zinc, copper, selenium, vitamin A, B6, C, D and E, thiamin, riboflavin and folic acid and were selected on their relevance in HIV (AIDS). Descriptive statistics was used to determine the consumption of food items as percentage of all food items consumed and to calculate mean, mode, median and range of serving sizes for the ten food items most frequently consumed (measured with the 24h and FFQ respectively). Data was not normally distributed (indicated by the paired t-test and confirmed with a RM ANOVA nonparametric test). The F-value was determined (using Wilcoxon matched pairs test) and the significance of the difference between the micronutrient intakes measured with the two instruments (p<0.05) calculated. To investigate the strength of the correlation between the two dietary intake measures, Spearman’s correlation coefficients were determined for the nutrients under investigation. The significance level for these measurements was 95% (p<0.05). RESULTS: Both methods identified maize meal and mahewu, bread, chicken, dried beans, cabbage, onion, bananas, oranges and green leaves as the foods most often consumed. Bread, dried beans, maas, pilchards, mango and green wild leaves were the foods that contributed the most to the micronutrients under investigation. Although maize meal (in the form of phutu or mahewu) was the food item most frequently consumed in large portions, it was not in the top ten food items for any micronutrient contribution, except for selenium. Correlation coefficients (unadjusted for energy) in this study were very poor, ranging from 0.038 for vitamin B12 up to 0.48 for iron. All correlations (except vitamin B12) were poor but significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: There was some agreement found in the type of foods most frequently consumed and their contribution to the micronutrient intake of this population group, when using three 24h-recalls and FFQ’s and therefore in describing the habitual food intake of the population group. There was however no agreement between the micronutrient intake measured with three 24h-recalls and three FFQ’s (p<0.05). Further analysis of the data and comparisons with the biochemical results reported in another study, is recommended.

O deslocamento de abomaso (DA) é uma doença multifatorial relacionada com o manejo alimentar que afeta vacas leiteiras de alta produção principalmente durante o início da lactação. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar indicadores bioquímicos de diagnóstico e tratamento no deslocamento de abomaso à esquerda (DAE) em vacas leiteiras na Região do Planalto do Rio Grande do Sul. As amostras foram coletadas de um total de quarenta animais, sendo vinte vacas com DAE e vinte vacas clinicamente sadias utilizadas como grupo controle. Foram coletadas amostras de líquido ruminal, sangue e urina para avaliação do perfil bioquímico, hematológico e ruminal. Os animais com DAE apresentaram menor produção de leite diária (6,72 kg ± 3,85 e 26,86 kg ± 8,36), peso corporal (566,5 kg ± 51,12 e 602,9 kg ± 45,68) e escore condição corporal (2,32 ± 0,4 e 602,9 ± 45,68), quando comparados ao grupo controle.A utilização de fitas reagentes para medição do pH ruminal demonstrou-se eficaz a campo quando comparada com potenciômetro digital. A dinâmica ruminal apresenta-se prejudicada nos animais com DAE como foi evidenciado pelos valores aumentados do tempo de redução de azul de metileno (4,70 min. ± 1,89 e 1,66 min. ± 1,14). Além de apresentarem indicadores de desidratação, os valores de pH da urina, e os valores séricos de lactato, aspartato transaminase e colesterol apresentaram-se como ferramentas auxiliares no prognóstico e tratamento. O tratamento deve consistir em além da correção da afecção, restabelecer a condição hídrica do animal, assim como também, repor a flora ruminal. / The displacement of abomasum (DA) is a multifactorial disorder related to feed management affecting high yielding dairy cows mainly during early lactation. This work had the objective to evaluate biochemical profile for diagnose and treatment of left displaced abomasum (LDA) in dairy cows in the Planalto Region of Rio Grande do Sul. The samples were collected from ruminal fluid, blood and urine for the evaluation of biochemical, hematological and ruminal profile. The cows with LDA presented lower values of daily milk production (6,72 kg ± 3,85 and 26,86 kg ± 8,36), body weight (566,5 kg ± 51,12 and 602,9 kg ± 45,68) and corporal condition score (2,32 ± 0,4 and 602,9 ± 45,68). The utilization of reagent strips showed to be functional in the field when compared to a digital phmeter. The ruminal dynamics is much damaged in the cows affected by the LDA, as evidenced by the high values for the blue metilen reduction time (4,70 min. ± 1,89 and 1,66 min. ± 1,14). Besides the presentation of dehydration indicators, the urine pH, and serum lactate, aspartate transaminase and cholesterol presented to be auxiliary tools in the LDA prognoses and treatment. The treatment should consider fluid therapy and reestablish the ruminal dynamics of the cow.

p. 1-86 / Submitted by Santiago Fabio (fabio.ssantiago@hotmail.com) on 2013-04-09T19:38:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Tchana de Oliveira.pdf: 985133 bytes, checksum: 73cb03cf5f89412625c24bc2f8722bed (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Meirelles(rodrigomei@ufba.br) on 2013-04-10T14:05:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Tchana de Oliveira.pdf: 985133 bytes, checksum: 73cb03cf5f89412625c24bc2f8722bed (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-04-10T14:05:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Tchana de Oliveira.pdf: 985133 bytes, checksum: 73cb03cf5f89412625c24bc2f8722bed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / A gestação e lactação são períodos caracterizados pelo desenvolvimento e modulação dos sistemas orgânicos. A dieta materna durante este período crítico do desenvolvimento exerce um importante papel na regulação da homeostase dos descendentes e pode trazer conseqüências até a vida adulta. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar os efeitos de uma dieta hiperlipídica durante a gestação e lactação sobre a evolução ponderal, o perfil lipídico, a glicemia, os produtos nitrogenados não protéicos e o consumo alimentar dos descendentes na vida adulta. Fêmeas de ratos Wistar foram alimentadas com dieta hiperlipídica ou dieta padrão durante a gestação e lactação. Os descendentes foram divididos em dois grupos: Descendente Controle (DC, n=10) descendentes de ratas alimentadas com dieta padrão e Descendente Hiperlipídica (DH, n=10) descendentes de ratas alimentadas com a dieta hiperlipídica. Após o desmame ambos os grupos foram alimentados com dieta padrão até a vida adulta. O grupo DH apresentou aumento (p≤0,05), no perfil lipídico, na glicemia e no consumo quando comparado ao grupo controle. Os resultados sugerem que a exposição no período perinatal a dieta hiperlipídica, rica em ácidos graxos saturados pode programar alterações no metabolismo dos descendentes adultos mesmo quando expostos a dieta nutricionalmente equilibrada ao longo da vida. / Salvador

Milk production is one of the most important parts of agriculture. Task of this paper was to examinate relation between milking frequency and total dairy production in Automatic Milking Systems. The thesis evaluates impact of selected factors, such as lactation stage, parity and season of calving, on dairy production and milking frequency. Total of 44,000 records of milk yield from 3 farms was analysed. Data was collected from 2009 to 2011. Relation between milk yield and milking frequency was prooved. The milk production from a cow rises with parity and is highest in second stage of lactation (cca 60th day after calving). Environment is one of very important factors affecting milk yield. Automatic milking system does not deteriorate milking parameters comparing to traditional way of milking.

O leite da égua é o principal alimento do potro nos primeiros meses de vida. Além disso, em países europeus o leite equino é muito utilizado na nutrição e medicina humana para tratamento de diversas doenças, e também como substituto do leite da mulher para crianças, devido a sua semelhança ao leite humano. A raça Crioula é muito importante no sul do Brasil América, sendo que não existe nenhum trabalho avaliando a qualidade do leite das éguas Crioulas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os principais componentes do leite das éguas da raça Crioula: gordura, proteína, lactose e sólidos totais; bem como a qualidade sanitária do leite e saúde da glândula mamária através da contagem de células somáticas e contagem bacteriana total, respectivamente, além de cultura bacteriana. Foram utilizadas 12 éguas da raça Crioula, as quais foram ordenhadas quinzenalmente até 180 dias de lactação. Foi verificado que o leite das éguas Crioulas é pobre em gordura (0,57%), rico em lactose (6,71%) e possui uma baixa concentração de proteína (1,95%). A maioria das amostras de leite não apresentou crescimento bacteriano. Também foi observada a média de 6,80 x 10³ céls/ml para CCS não havendo diferença quando se comparou as éguas que se apresentaram positivas e negativas ao crescimento bacteriano e média de CBT 29,66 x 10³ UFC/ml, sendo que éguas que apresentaram crescimento bacteriano apresentaram também maior número na CBT. / The mare´s milk is the main food in the first months of the foal´s life. Also, in European countries equine milk is widely used in human medicine for nutrition and treatment of various diseases, as well as women´s milk substitute for young children, because of its similarity to human milk. The Criollo breed is very important in South America and Brazil, where there is no study evaluating the quality of this milk. The aim of this study was to evaluate the main compounds of Criollo mare´s milk: fat, protein, lactose and total solids, the sanitary quality of milk and mammary gland health through somatic cell count and total bacterial count, respectively and bacterial culture. A total of 12 Criollo mares which were milked every two weeks up to 180 days of lactation were used. It was observed that the Criollo mare´s milk is low in fat (0,57%), high in lactose (6,71%) and has a low protein concentration (1,95%). It was also observed an average of 6,80 x 10³ cells/ml for SCC (with no difference regarding positive and negative bacterial growth) and an average of 29,66 TBC x 10³ CFU/ml. Mares that showed bacterial growth also showed the greatest TBC number.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / A desnutrição durante o desenvolvimento produz alterações permanentes em diferentes sistemas de neurotransmissores, o que pode gerar modificações na respostas a drogas psicoativas. Apesar dos efeitos da desnutrição precoce no sistema colinérgico serem bem conhecidas, não existem evidências que demonstrem efeitos relacionados a susceptibilidade aos efeitos da nicotina. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos da restrição protéica ou calórica durante a lactação de camundongos na susceptibilidade aos efeitos desta droga. Considerando que estudos demonstram que o consumo de tabaco freqüentemente se inicia na adolescência, investigamos neste período, os efeitos da nicotina no teste de campo aberto (CA), teste da preferência condicionada por lugar (CPP) e teste da preferência pela nicotina (PPN). Estudos sugerem que o estresse pode alterar a susceptibilidade ao uso de drogas, por isso foram avaliados os níveis séricos de corticosterona, o conteúdo de catecolaminas da medula adrenal e enzimas desta via. As mães foram randomicamente divididas nos seguintes grupos: 1) Grupo Controle (GC)- dieta padrão (23% de proteína); 2) Grupo Restrição Protéica (RP)- dieta isoenergética (8% de proteína) e 3) Grupo Restrição Calórica (RC)- dieta padrão em quantidade restrita (média de ingestão do grupo RP). A desnutrição abrangeu o período do segundo dia de vida pós-natal (PN2) até o desmame (PN21) e em PN30, foram realizados os testes comportamentais. Após o término dos testes de OP e CPP, os animais foram decapitados e o sangue e a adrenal coletados para análises endócrinas. Os animais do grupo RP e RC apresentaram menor ganho de peso e menor conteúdo de gordura retroperitoneal quando comparados aos animais GC. No teste CA, a administração de nicotina produziu um aumento da atividade locomotora nos animais GC e RP, o que não foi observado nos animais RC A desnutrição levou a uma diminuição do conteúdo de catecolaminas da adrenal em PN30. No teste CPP, apenas o GC e RC apresentaram padrão de condicionamento. Em relação ao teste da PPN, o grupo CG apresentou aumento no padrão de consumo de nicotina, o que não foi visto nos grupos RC e RP. A nicotina não afetou a função adrenal dos grupos programados. Estes resultados sugerem que a desnutrição durante a lactação ameniza os efeitos da nicotina durante a adolescência e que as alterações comportamentais dependem do padrão de desnutrição. / Undernutrition during brain development produces long lasting or permanent alterations in different neurotransmitter systems that could reflect on important behavioral abnormalities and altered responses to psychoactive drugs. Although the recognized effects of early malnutrition on cholinergic system, no evidence that demonstrates the influence of early undernutrition on the nicotine susceptibility has been reported. Thus, the goal of this study was to investigate the effects of protein/caloric deprivation during lactation on the susceptibility of nicotine effects in mice. Considering that tobacco consumption commonly initiates during adolescence, in the current study we investigated the effects of acute administration of nicotine in the open field test (OF), nicotine conditioning place preference (CPP) and nicotine two bottle choice test (TBC) of adolescent mice. Considering that an altered susceptibility to stress could influence the stimulatory response to nicotine, we also evaluated serum corticosterone levels and the adrenal medulla catecholamine system. Mothers were randomly designed to one of the following groups: 1) Control Group (CG) with free access to a standard laboratory diet (23% protein); 2) Protein Restricted Group (PR) with free access to a isoenergenetic diet (8% protein); or 3) Caloric Restricted Group (CR) which received standard laboratory diet in restricted quantities (mean ingestion of PR group). Thus, malnutrition extended from the second postnatal day (PN2) to weaning PN21. At PN30, mice from each litter were distributed into behavioral tests. Immediately after OF and CPP tests, the animals were decapitated and trunk blood was collected for total serum corticosterone while adrenal medulla was dissected for total catecholamine content evaluations. The litters of PR and CR groups showed less weight gain and less visceral fat mass when compared to controls. For OF, nicotine administration produced increased locomotor activity in the control and PR groups, but it was not able to produce alterations in the CR group. Undernutrition elicited a decrease in the catecholamine content of adrenal medulla on PN30. On the other hand, the PR group did not show a conditioning pattern in the CPP test. In addition, in the TBC, the CG presented an increase in the percent of nicotine intake throughout the reduction of nicotine concentration, while both CR and PR groups did not present consumption alterations. Nicotine was not able to produce any alterations in endocrine parameters. Taken together, these results suggest that undernutrition during lactation decreases the effects of nicotine during adolescence. These behavioral effects depended on the undernutrition profile.

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / O desmame precoce (DP) leva ao desenvolvimento tardio de obesidade e de resistência insulínica (RI), sendo essas alterações prevenidas quando os animais são suplementados com cálcio. Sabe-se que os peptídeos gastrointestinais (GI) atuam na regulação do apetite e em diversos outros processos, podendo ter um papel relevante no desenvolvimento da obesidade e RI. Uma vez que os animais programados pelo DP são obesos e hiperfágicos, investigamos o perfil plasmático e tecidual de GLP-1, CCK e PYY (anorexígenos) de grelina (orexígena) e de seus receptores, assim como o efeito da dieta rica em cálcio sobre estes peptídeos a fim de identificar algum distúrbio no controle do apetite. Ao nascimento das proles, ratas lactantes Wistar foram separadas em: grupo DP (desmame precoce, n=20), filhotes cujas mães tiveram as mamas enfaixadas, impedindo o acesso da prole ao leite nos últimos 3 dias de lactação; e grupo C (controle, n=10), filhotes com livre acesso ao leite materno. Aos 120 dias, as proles DP foram subdivididas em: grupo DP, alimentado com ração comercial padrão, e grupo DPCa, alimentado com ração suplementada com cálcio (10g de carbonato de cálcio/Kg de ração). Os animais foram sacrificados aos 21 e 180 dias de vida. Quantificamos: GLP-1, CCK, PYY, grelina e citocinas (IL-6, TNF-&#945; e IL-10) plasmáticas por ELISA; o conteúdo de grelina no estômago por ELISA e imunohistoquímica; o conteúdo de GLP-1 (intestino), GLP1-R (intestino, TA e ARC) e GHSR-1a (estômago e ARC) por Western blotting. Dados significativos quando p<0,05. Aos 21 dias, a prole DP apresentou aumento de GLP-1 no plasma (+168%) e GLP1-R no tecido adiposo (+72%), embora menor conteúdo de GLP-1 (-59%) e GLP1-R (-58%) no intestino. Não observamos alterações plasmáticas de grelina, CCK e PPY e no conteúdo de GHSR-1a no estômago aos 21 dias. Aos 180 dias, não verificamos diferença em nenhum dos peptídeos GI no plasma na prole DP. Porém, observamos menor conteúdo intestinal de GLP-1 tanto no grupo DP (-33%) quanto no DPCa (-32%), e uma tendência da grelina (+20%) e do GHSR-1a (+31%) a estarem elevados no estômago do grupo DP. Além de menor conteúdo de GLP1-R no tecido adiposo no grupo DP (-59%) e maior conteúdo de GLP1-R no intestino da prole DPCa (+62%). Não encontramos diferença entre os grupos na expressão de GLP1-R e GHSR-1a no ARC. O grupo DP apresentou ainda um perfil pró-inflamatório caracterizado por maior TNF-&#945; e menor IL-10 no plasma. O DP alterou o perfil dos peptídeos GI a curto e longo prazos, o que pode ter colaborado para o desenvolvimento da obesidade, hiperfagia e RI neste modelo, uma vez que o GLP-1, único peptídeo alterado no período de imprinting, possui um possível papel adipogênico. A suplementação com cálcio foi capaz de reverter todas as alterações produzidas pelo DP. Evidenciamos, então, a importância do aleitamento materno na formação do comportamento alimentar e do balanço metabólico, bem como o papel da suplementação com cálcio no tratamento da obesidade e seus distúrbios associados, inclusive nas alterações do apetite. / Early weaning (EW) leads to late development of obesity and insulin resistance (IR), and these changes are prevented when EW animals are supplemented with calcium. It is known that gut peptides with regulatory action upon appetite and several other processes with possible role in the obesity development and IR. As the EW programmed animals are obese and hyperphagic, in this study we evaluated plasma and tissue profile of GLP-1, CCK and PYY (anorexigenic peptides), and ghrelin (orexigenic peptide) and their receptors as well as the effects of rich calcium diet on these parameters in order to find some disturbance in the appetite control. At birth, lactating Wistar rats were separated in: EW (Early Weaning, n=20), lactating rats were involved with a bandage to interrupt the lactation during the last 3 days of standard lactation, and C (control, n=20), dams whose pups had free access to milk during all lactation (21 days). At 120 days-old, half of DP group received dietary calcium supplementation (10g of calcium carbonate/Kg of rat chow); DP and C groups received standard diet. Offspring were killed at 21 and 180 days-old. Plasma GLP-1, CCK, PYY, ghrelin and the cytokines (IL-6, TNF-&#945; and IL-10), and ghrelin content in the stomach are analyzed by ELISA; which was also examined by immunohistochemistry; GLP1 content (gut) GLP1-R (gut, adipose tissue and hypothalamus-ARC) and e GHSR-1a (stomach and hypothalamus-ARC) are evaluated by Western blotting. Significant data were p<0.05. At 21 days-old, EW group presented higher plasma GLP1 (+168%) and GLP1-R in adipose tissue (+72%), although lower GLP-1 (-59%) and GLP1-R (-58%) content in gut. We not found changes in plasma ghrelin, CCK and PYY as well as in stomach GHSR-1a content. At 180 days-old, we found no changes in plasma gastrointestinal peptides in EW offspring. However, we observed lower gut GLP1 content in both EW group (-33%) and in EWCa (-32%), and a trend of ghrelin (+20%) and GHSR-1a (+31%) to be increased in EW group. In addition, we detected lower GLP1-R content in adipose tissue in EW group (-59%) and higher gut GLP1-R content in EWCa (+62%). We found no change among groups in GLP1-R and GHSR-1a expression in the ARC. EW group also showed a proinflammatory profile characterized by higher TNF-&#945; and lower IL-10 levels. EW had short and long-term effects on the profile of gastrointestinal peptides, which may have contributed to the development of obesity, hyperphagia and IR, since GLP-1 is the unique peptide changed during the imprinting period, which has an adipogenic role. Calcium supplementation was able to prevent all changes produced by EW. We evidence the importance of breastfeeding on feeding behavior development and metabolic balance as well as the role of calcium supplementation in obesity treatment and other disorders, including changes in appetite.

A gravidez e a lactação aumentam as necessidades nutricionais. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a ingestão alimentar e a prevalência de inadequação de ingestão de nutrientes entre gestantes, lactantes, mulheres em idade reprodutiva. Dois dias de registros alimentares de 322 gestantes e 751 lactantes foram comparados com 6837 mulheres não gestantes e não lactantes entre 19 a 40 anos de idade, a partir de uma amostra representativa a nível nacional. A prevalência de inadequação de ingestão de nutrientes foi estimada pelo método National Cancer Institute usando a necessidade média estimada (EAR) como ponto de corte, exceto para o sódio em que o nível de ingestão tolerável (UL) foi utilizado. Gestantes, lactantes e mulheres em idade reprodutiva não diferiram em relação ao consumo médio de 18 grupos de alimentos, exceto o arroz, que foi mais consumido pelas lactantes. A prevalência de inadequação de nutrientes em gestantes foi maior em relação às mulheres em idade reprodutiva para a vitamina B6 (59% versus 33%). Entre as lactantes prevalência foi maior para a vitamina A (95% versus 72%), vitamina C (56% versus 37%), vitamina B6 (75% vs 33%), e zinco (64% versus 20%). A porcentagem da ingestão de sódio acima do valor máximo tolerável foi superior a 70% entre as mulheres estudadas. A ingestão inadequada é muito freqüente entre todas as mulheres e aumenta durante a gravidez e lactação. / Pregnancy and lactation increases nutritional requirements. The aim of this study was to compare food intake and prevalence of inadequate nutrient intake among pregnant, lactating and reproductive age women. Two-day dietary records of 322 pregnant and 751 lactating women were compared to 6837 non-pregnant and non-lactating women aged 19 to 40 years, from a nationwide representative sample. The prevalence of inadequate of nutrient intake was estimated by the National Cancer Institute method using the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) as cutoff point, except for sodium in which the tolerable upper intake level (UL) was used. Pregnant, lactating and reproductive age women did not differ in relation to the average consumption of 18 food groups, except from the rice, that was more consumed by lactating women. The prevalence of nutrient inadequacy in pregnant women was higher in relation to reproductive age women for vitamin B6 (59% versus 33%). Among lactating women prevalence was higher for vitamin A (95% versus 72%), vitamin C (56% versus 37%), vitamin B6 (75% vs. 33%), and zinc (64% versus 20%). The percentage of sodium intake above the tolerable maximum value was greater than 70% among all women studied. Inadequate intake is highly frequent among all women and increases during pregnancy and lactation.

The thesis deals with the use of Omaha system in lactation counselling. At present time the care of newborns realized through general practitioners is minimal. Therefore, the connection of community nursing related to shorter time of hospitalization of both mother and her newborn child is vital. Lactation counselling is closely connected to the obligatory documentation of provided care. Omaha system is considered as a suitable standardized terminology for community nursing. The thesis dealt with the analysis of Omaha system, lactation counselling, the issue of breastfeeding as a whole and the legislation related to nursing documentation in the theoretical part. The main aim of the research is the implementation of Omaha system in lactation counselling. Three main goals were set in the thesis. The first one was to map the differences between the care provided by lactation counsellors with and without medical qualification. The second goal was to describe the way of administration of breastfeeding mothers by the counsellors. The third goal was to elaborate and evaluate the documentation according to Omaha system in the field of lactation counselling provided by counselors with a qualification. To achieve the goals of this thesis quantitative-qualitative method of data collection was used. The method of questioning through a non-standardized questionnaire was selected for quantitative research. The qualitative part of the research was based on the use of semi-structured in-depth interview method. The third part of the research is represented by the content analysis of Omaha system. The qualitative part of the research was processed with open coding method. The research question was answered through the analysis of the interviews. The respondents in this research are represented by lactation counselors. The first research file is represented by counselors both with and without qualification. The second research file includes counselors with medical qualification only. The questionnaire research was realized through an electronic questionnaire. The interviews were conducted with six lactation counselors with a medical qualification. The questionnaire research shows differences in the counselling provided by the counselors with and without a qualification which supports H1. The official documentation for counselling is used by a few respondents and mainly by the ones with a qualification. The good thing is that most counselors record data about mothers and breastfeeding. Next, it seems that the unofficial documentation of counselors includes problems and solutions description. The results show that H2 has not been supported. However, it is good that almost half of the respondents are interested in using a standardized documentation for counselling. Next, the counselors with a qualification do not use standardized taxonomy of nursing problems. The results show that only two counselors with a qualification have a contract with an insurance company. Most of them do not cooperate with a podiatrist or gynecologist. The most troubling issues for them are lack of time and missing contracts with an insurance company. Most of them think that longer hospitalization of mothers does not have a better effect on the quality of breastfeeding. Moreover, the interviews with the counselors with a medical qualification show that the newly created documentation of Omaha system has been processed thoroughly and clearly. They consider it more time demanding, which could be a problem because of the lack of time caused by the financial situation of mothers or because of insurance companies. The output of tis thesis is a newly created documentation for lactation counselors and lactation centers based on Omaha system which allows a more effective way of providing lactation counselling.