Most research into contemporary French West Indian literature focuses on writing that stresses the significance of the plantation and urban cultures of the islands in the early to mid-twentieth century or, more recently, on the desire of some writers to explore broader trans-national influences or environments. Despite the prominence of migration in post-war French West Indian history, however, less has been said about the engagement of French West Indian literature with migration to metropolitan France. Although commentators have recently begun to discuss the work of a handful of writers in connection with migration to the métropole, this thesis offers a full-length analysis of the issue, bringing writers, texts and literary and cultural theories together with the cultural and sociological context of migration to metropolitan France. I comment on a variety of well-known authors and texts, while also presenting writers and writing that have frequently been neglected in other studies. I also consider the reasons for what I believe to be both the slow development of a literature of migration, as well as the low profile of this issue within Francophone literary studies. Part One, ‘French and West Indian: Historical and Sociological Contexts’, considers the broad context of migration, reflecting on how that context impacts on the West Indians and their descendants in the métropole. Part Two, ‘Theory and the French West Indian Diaspora’, looks at colonisation, postcolonial criticism, and the current scholarship devoted to them, as these concern the issues of migration and identity in sociological and literary terms. Part Three, ‘Patterns of Discourse: Reflections of the Métropole’, takes recurrent themes that have appeared in the works of a variety of less well-known writers, including writers of West Indian origin born in the métropole. In Part Four, ‘Siting the Métropole’, I examine three successful yet very different writers and consider their contributions to the literature of migration, in the light of the reflections made and the patterns uncovered earlier in this thesis. My conclusion unites the themes of inclusion and exclusion that this subject brings to the fore, and suggests potential literary and scholarly developments for the future.

This thesis explores the interaction of gender and the construction of the Argentine state. It pays particular attention to the emergence of women’s movements as well as women’s writing and the way in which both reflect and express the history of the Argentine state after independence. Beginning with a brief account of Argentine independence and Domingo Faustino Sarmiento as founding-father of the Argentine nation, part one focuses on the historical periods of the Liberal State, Peronism, and the military dictatorships of the 1960s and early 1970s. It investigates how national discourse incorporated gender discourse without including women as citizens in their full right. It then explores how women’s movements articulated their ensuing discontent with the patriarchal system that attempted to ensure continuity of this exclusion. Part two identifies and analyzes selected texts by nineteenth and twentieth century Argentine female authors. Written from a specifically female standpoint, these novels and short stories articulate women’s grievances with the political developments addressed in part one.

This thesis investigates attachment styles in alternative care (AC) - both residential (RC) and foster (FC). Part I presents two chapters to highlight the number of children living in AC and the general move from residential to foster care across many countries. Furthermore, chapter one noted the lack of studies in less developed countries and that no study considers attachment in foster, residential and parental care in the same country. Part II presents five empirical chapters. Chapter 3 explored attachment based practices and managers' beliefs in RC (N= 17), highlighting these were associated with outcomes for children. Chapters 4 and 5 explore the experience of carers in RC (N=43) and FC (N=l4), reporting the extent of carers' emotional involvement in their relationships with children. Chapter 6 reports attachment styles in children living in AC and parental care (N=77); differences in attachment quality and other outcomes were found between AC and parental care, but no significant differences were found between RC and FC. Chapter 7 explores factors associated with attachment in AC (N=57); caregivers' sensitivity, responsivity and affection, and child:caregiver ratios were linked to secure attachments. Chapter 8 provides a general discussion of the results, with implications for policy, practice and research.

In Latin America, the post-war period marked a significant epoch of architectural and urbanist experimentation of modernist ideas coming from the other side of the Atlantic. This was the case in Medellín, Colombia and the Functional City approach by CIAM (Congrès Internationaux d'Architecture Modern, in English: International Congresses of Modern Architecture) which conceptualises “the four urban functions,” proposed in the Athens Charter as decisive city planning principles: living, working, recreation and circulation. However, by the late 1950s (with the dissolution of CIAM) and the subsequent decade (1960s) CIAM’s ideas started losing credibility and support. While modernist urbanism was declining, large-scale economic-oriented approaches by international agencies permeated the formulation of development plans. This was the case with the planning approach proposed for Colombia by BIRF (Inter-American Bank for Reconstruction and Development) based on industrial production. These approaches led to (ongoing) transformations in the Colombian urbanist approach, concentrating on socio-economic development. Despite these transformations and in contrary to local urbanists’ impression that CIAM principles have been surpassed decades ago, the dissertation argues that Functional City principles continue to shape Medellin’s urban development today. The research involves a historical study of CIAM, its philosophy (especially regarding urban design – Functional City) its application and ‘’centre of gravity’’ relocation to Latin America, where this approach has been implemented over last 60 years. Consequently, a comparative case study, based on historical primary and secondary sources was undertaken. The Functional City plans of three cities were analysed: Buenos Aires (1938-9), Bogotá (1953), and Brasília (1957). Subsequently, an in-depth case study of Medellín, Colombia, including recent plans was carried out. It was based mainly on primary data sources; local historical archives (original plans and reports), which produced a unique set of evidence that was supported through interviews with key participants and direct researcher’s observations. This study contributes to a better understanding of current urbanisation patterns In Latin America. Furthermore, this study will invite reflection and public debate over questions such as: urbanization for whom/against whom and who decides? Particularly, it provides indicators for a desirable future course of action in Colombian urban planning that would benefit directly local and national authorities. This benefit would be through the provision of new insights and evidence to enable their work supporting resource management and sustainable urban development. Moreover, this will contribute to the design of effective policy and practice for facilitating longer-term development in ways that are positive for the population, which may well have applicability to other cities in Latin America.

Submitted by Fabricia Fialho Reginato (fabriciar) on 2015-07-17T22:54:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JonasBorghetti.pdf: 898124 bytes, checksum: f0383febc6c23edc4d27b88be929aad2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-17T22:54:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JonasBorghetti.pdf: 898124 bytes, checksum: f0383febc6c23edc4d27b88be929aad2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Nenhuma / Os elevados níveis de evasão fiscal existentes nos países em desenvolvimento resultam em graves prejuízos sociais tais como a falta de justiça fiscal, crescimento da economia informal e perda de legitimidade do poder público. Assim, esta dissertação procurou determinar e analisar os fatores que afetam o nível de evasão fiscal nos países da América Latina. Para isso, utilizaram-se dados de pesquisa elaborada no âmbito do Centro Interamericano de Administrações Tributárias (CIAT) abrangendo o período de 2000-2010, além de indicadores sociais, econômicos e institucionais dos países medidos por uma série de organizações. A análise foi realizada por meio de um modelo de regressão múltipla utilizando dados em painel. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que quanto maior a média de idade da população do país, a qualidade da educação oferecida, o investimento público em pesquisa e desenvolvimento e a renda proveniente do trabalho assalariado urbano, menores os níveis de evasão fiscal. Por outro lado, o aumento na criminalidade e na desigualdade de renda gera crescimento no comportamento evasivo. No que diz respeito à maior complexidade da legislação, o efeito varia conforme a preponderância em uma relação existente entre o custo para o contribuinte, quando há crescimento no nível de evasão, e a utilidade da informação obtida como controle eficaz para o Fisco, que reduz a sonegação. / The high levels of tax evasion that exist in developing countries result in serious losses such as the absence of fair taxation, growth of the informal economy and loss of legitimacy of the government. Thus, this dissertation sought to determine and analyze the factors that affect the level of tax evasion in Latin America. For this, data from research carried out under the InterAmerican Centre of Tax Administrations (CIAT) covering the period 2000-2010 were used, as well as social, economic and institutional indicators of the countries measured by organizations. The analysis was conducted through a multiple regression model using panel data. The results indicated that the higher the medium age of the population, the quality of education provided, the public investment in research and development and income from urban employment, lower is the levels of tax evasion. On the other hand, the increases in crime and income inequality generate growth in evasive behavior. About the higher complexity of the legislation, the effect varies with the preponderance on the relationship between the cost to the taxpayer, when the level of tax evasion grow, and the usefulness of the information obtained as to effectively control the taxman, what reduces evasion.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:32:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Claudia Vercesi Maluhy.pdf: 1609401 bytes, checksum: 114afa38d9c2df5289d678151cbe29d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-20 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The Main Unesco Project Number 1, presented in May 1956 during the Latin-American Regional Conference on Charge-Free and Mandatory Elementary Education, had as central aims: the broadening of elementary school, the eradication of illiteracy and teachers training. Interested in assisting the Project implementation, between 1958 and 1966, the Centro Regional de Pesquisas Educacionais de São Paulo (CRPE/SP), in agreement with the United Nations, Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (Unesco), the Instituto Nacional de Estudos Pedagógicos (Inep), and the Universidade de São Paulo (USP), organized the Cursos de Especialistas em Educação para a América Latina (CEEAL), focused on the university education for educators (administrators, supervisors, specialists in curricula, advisors, principals, etc.) from 19 Latin-American countries. To understand CEEAL aims and organization, which is the main object of the present work, we have described and analyzed Unesco documents, CRPE/SP publications, monographs written by the participants, and theoretical production of educators and socialists somehow involved with the issue. From all those presented documents, we have tried to reconstruct the historical process that originated those courses, answering the questions related to the political and economical role given to the primary school during the 1950 s, as well as their relationship with ―developmental‖ ideologies and the defense of the democratization of education / O Projeto Principal nº 1 da Unesco, apresentado em maio de 1956, durante a Conferência Regional Latino-Americana sobre Educação Primária Gratuita e Obrigatória, teve como metas centrais: a expansão do ensino primário, a erradicação do analfabetismo e a formação de professores. Com interesse em auxiliar na execução das metas do Projeto, o Centro Regional de Pesquisas Educacionais de São Paulo (CRPE/SP) em convênio com a Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, a Ciência e a Cultura (Unesco), o Instituto Nacional de Estudos Pedagógicos (Inep) e a Universidade de São Paulo (USP), organizou entre os anos de 1958 e 1966, os Cursos de Especialistas em Educação para a América Latina (CEEAL), voltados à formação universitária de educadores (administradores, inspetores, assessores, diretores, etc...) pertencentes a 19 países latino-americanos. Para a compreensão dos objetivos e da organização do CEEAL, como objeto central desse trabalho, foram descritos e analisados documentos da Unesco, publicações do CRPE/SP, monografias realizadas pelos participantes e a produção teórica de educadores e sociólogos envolvidos de alguma forma com o tema. A partir da documentação apresentada, buscou-se também reconstituir o processo histórico que deu origem aos cursos, respondendo questões relacionadas ao papel político-econômico conferido ao ensino primário entre os anos de 1950 e 1960, sua relação com os ideários ―desenvolvimentistas e a defesa pela democratização do ensino

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:27:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Claudio Jordao.pdf: 523225 bytes, checksum: 838f04bbecaa3b8b2e7ddc52281207a3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-01 / The Dogmatic Constitution Lumen Gentium on the Church, elaborated in the Ecumenical Council Vatican II, recovers the concept "People of God" to qualify the group of the baptisms believers, be them, clergyman, religious, nuns or lay. It was promulgated by Pope Paulo VI on November 21, 1964, entering for the history of the Church. as a "divisor of waters" in the theological subjects in ecclesiastical. That study intends to deepen the understanding of that concept. In the itself text of the studied document, there is the acknowledgement: "was pleased, however, to God to sanctify and to save the men, no individually, excluding all the relationship among them, but forming actually with them a people, that knew him in the truth and served him in sanctity" (LG 09). Therefore, the concept People of God, it has biblical roots that are essential in its recital, though, this study is more turn over to the subjects ecclesiastical of the Council, the before, the during and the after, particularly in the Church of Latin America. The objective was to study the concept People of God starting from Lumen Gentium cooperating so that the understanding of that concept can be enlarged among the clergyman, religious persons and nons. It had as hypothesis to be proven that the concept People of God present in the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church from Conclílio Vatican II still is not understood completely in its significanse for many baptisms believers. That study has used of the deductive method with bibliographical researches. It has had also as theoretical references the Scriptures, the key document in the discussions of the theme; a Lumen Gentum, as well as, other documents of the Teachership, besides works and periodic articles about the subject. With the development of that study it was verified that it is not still clearly understood that concept, because the hypothesis that it is not still completely understood the true meaning from the concept People of God, for many baptisms believers it was confirmed / A Constituição Dogmática Lumen Gentium sobre a Igreja, elaborada no Concílio Ecumênico Vaticano II, recupera o conceito Povo de Deus para qualificar o conjunto dos fiéis batizados, sejam eles, clérigos, religiosos (as) ou leigos (as). Foi promulgada pelo Papa Paulo VI no dia 21 de novembro de 1964, entrando para a história da Igreja, como um divisor de águas nas questões teológicas sobre eclesiologia. Esse estudo pretende aprofundar a compreensão desse conceito. No próprio texto do documento estudado, encontram-se a afirmação: Aprouve, no entanto, a Deus santificar e salvar os homens, não individualmente, excluindo toda a relação entre eles, mas formando com eles um povo, que o conhecesse na verdade e o servisse em santidade (LG 09). Portanto, o conceito Povo de Deus, tem suas raízes bíblicas que são essenciais na sua fundamentação, todavia, este estudo está mais voltado para as questões eclesiológicas do Concílio, o antes, o durante e o depois, particularmente na Igreja da América Latina. O objetivo foi estudar o conceito Povo de Deus, a partir da Lumen Gentium cooperando para que a compreensão desse conceito possa ser ampliada entre os clérigos, religiosos (as) e leigos (as). Teve como hipótese a ser comprovada a de que o conceito Povo de Deus presente na Constituição Dogmática sobre a Igreja do Concílio Vaticano II ainda não é totalmente compreendido no seu verdadeiro significado por muitos fiéis batizados. Esse estudo utilizou-se do método dedutivo com pesquisas bibliográficas. Teve também como referenciais teóricos as Sagradas Escrituras, o documento chave nas discussões do tema; a Lumen Gentium, bem como, outros documentos do Magistério, além de obras e artigos periódicos sobre o assunto. Com o desenvolvimento desse estudo verificou-se que ainda não é claramente compreendido esse conceito, pois a hipótese de que ainda não é totalmente compreendido o verdadeiro significado do conceito Povo de Deus, por muitos fiéis batizados foi confirmada

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-11-16T11:50:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Zélia Maria Cardoso Montal.pdf: 13216804 bytes, checksum: bdfcae6c69fa471def945825ccd88d34 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-16T11:50:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Zélia Maria Cardoso Montal.pdf: 13216804 bytes, checksum: bdfcae6c69fa471def945825ccd88d34 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-24 / Although the idea of constitutionalism dates back to antiquity, the Constitutionalism in the form conceived today emerged as a political, social, philosophical and cultural movement to question the political domain and for the establishment of documents which consolidate liberal principles, aimed at countering the absolutism and seeking the limitation of Power the division of powers and the guarantee of rights. So, for Constitutionalism the aim lies in the protection that is won in favor of individuals, and the Constitution is the written document on which the legal system is based and reasoned, freedoms are declared, rights are established and limits of political power are set. The classic or liberal Constitutionalism, thought during the absolutist regime in the eighteenth century with the aim to recognize and make positive the rights of freedom and equality has evolved over the centuries and new rights were incorporated into the Constitutional Charters. Therefore we have new ways of conceiving Constitutionalism: liberal or classical, contemporary or neoconstitutionalism. Latin America, which was subjected to a colonization of exploitation, was forced to accept the determination of the metropolis, also with regard to the legal system and institutions. Thus, the Constitutionalism of Eurocentric and North American origin, by the colonizers imposed, was very distanced from the social, cultural experienced by the peoples of the region. This distance between the abyssal Latin American reality and the constitutional postulates, determined the rise of social movements, especially peoples of peasant indigenous origin - who had their cultures violently erased - movements that demand the rescue of their own history and recognition of their identities. Thus a constitutional movement appears to meet new social demands, which calls for another conception of the state with emphasis on plurinationality, on interculturalism, on legal pluralism and suggests an ecocentric turn, breaking the traditional anthropocentric logic and presenting the good life philosophy and the constitutionalisation of the rights of nature. The innovations introduced by this new thinking represent the way to a Decolonization Constitutionalism aiming at the emancipation of peoples of peasant indigenous origin and the achievement of a decent life in harmony, respect and balance with nature / Embora a ideia de Constitucionalismo remonte à Antiguidade, ele, na forma hoje concebida, surgiu como movimento político, social, filosófico e cultural para questionar o domínio político e destinado ao estabelecimento de documentos que consolidassem os princípios liberais, voltado a contrapor-se ao absolutismo e a buscar a limitação do Poder, a divisão de poderes e a garantia de direitos. Portanto, para o Constitucionalismo o fim está na proteção que se conquista em favor dos indivíduos, sendo a Constituição o documento escrito pelo qual a ordem jurídica é fundada e fundamentada, em que são declaradas as liberdades, instituídos os direitos e fixados os limites do poder político. O Constitucionalismo Clássico ou liberal, pensado durante o regime absolutista no século XVIII com o objetivo de reconhecer e positivar os direitos de liberdade e igualdade, evoluiu no decorrer dos séculos e novos direitos foram incorporados às Cartas Constitucionais. Bem por isso, têm-se novas formas de se conceber o Constitucionalismo: Liberal ou Clássico, Contemporâneo ou NeoConstitucionalismo. A América Latina, submetida que foi a uma colonização de exploração, viu-se obrigada a aceitar a determinação das metrópoles, inclusive no que se refere ao ordenamento jurídico e às instituições. Dessa forma, o Constitucionalismo, de origem eurocêntrica e norte-americana, imposto pelos colonizadores, muito se distanciava da realidade social e cultural vivenciada pelos povos da região. Essa distância abissal entre a realidade latino-americana e os postulados constitucionais determinou o surgimento de movimentos sociais, sobretudo dos povos originários indígenas campesinos – que tiveram suas culturas violentamente apagadas –, movimentos que reivindicam o resgate da própria história e o reconhecimento de suas identidades. Desponta, assim, para atender às novas demandas sociais, um movimento constitucional que preconiza outra concepção do Estado com ênfase na plurinacionalidade, na interculturalidade, no pluralismo jurídico e sugere uma virada ecocêntrica, rompendo a lógica antropocêntrica tradicional e apresentando a filosofia do bem viver e a constitucionalização dos direitos da natureza. As inovações introduzidas por este novo pensar representam o trilhar rumo a um Constitucionalismo Descolonizador objetivando a emancipação dos povos originários indígenas campesinos e a concretização de uma vida digna em harmonia, respeito e equilíbrio com a natureza

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:21:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Olivia Carolino Pires.pdf: 1434727 bytes, checksum: 8d5658f4f5d2b878d618e4bd10ef8d1f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-24 / This thesis is about "The national question at the Latin American critical thought . The research analyzed the national question as a consequence of the paradoxes which features the historical process in Latin America. On the issue of analytical reference method of dialectical historical materialism, in a historical process of what happened in Europe, it is assumed that critical thinking on this reality have content about national question with specific characteristics to the social formations of past colonial, relative to assumed in the formulations of classical Marxism, which reflects the contradictions that drive the European historical process and universalized as the foundation of critical thinking of the working class worldwide. Latin America, from the contradictions of capitalist development, has peculiarities in the matter of national training, which try to examine two aspects: a specific capitalist development; and aleijume of the nation state. Our analysis leads the idea that in Latin America to identify the social forces whose contradictions set in motion each successive moment of the historical process, met the national liberation movements in the years 1960-70 an outcome of these contradictions to link the issue of national liberation to anti-imperialism and socialist transition. The national question related to the fight for national liberation is contributed by a moment of critical thinking in Latin America for Marxism. The national question related to the struggle for national liberation is contributed by a moment of critical thinking in Latin America for Marxism / Esta tese tem como fenômeno de interesse a " questão nacional no pensamento crítico da América Latina e como objetivo examinar a questão nacional como desdobramento das contradições que movem o processo histórico na América Latina. Nos marcos do referencial de análise do método do materialismo histórico dialético, tratando-se de um processo histórico diferente do que aconteceu na Europa, é de se supor que o pensamento crítico sobre as determinações dessa realidade tenha um conteúdo sobre a questão nacional, com especificidades próprias às formações sociais de passado colonial, em relação ao assumido nas formulações do marxismo clássico, que reflete as contradições que movem o processo histórico europeu (não homogêneo) e se universalizou como o fundamento do pensamento crítico da classe trabalhadora em nível mundial. A América Latina, a partir das contradições de seu processo histórico de desenvolvimento capitalista, apresenta peculiaridades na questão das formações nacionais, das quais procuramos examinar dois aspectos, a saber: um desenvolvimento capitalista específico, amplamente abordado nos estudos sobre capitalismo dependente; e um aleijume na formação do Estado Nação. Nossas análises conduzem à ideia de que em formações nacionais dependentes, ao buscar identificar as forças sociais cujas contradições puseram em movimento cada momento sucessivo do processo histórico, como no caso da América Latina, encontramos nos movimentos de libertação nacional nos anos 1960-70 um momento de desfecho dessas contradições, ao relacionar a questão da libertação nacional ao anti-imperialismo e à transição socialista. A questão nacional relacionada às lutas por libertação nacional é uma contribuição de um momento do pensamento crítico na América Latina para o marxismo

Esta pesquisa pretende investigar as origens do Direito Internacional na América Latina, tendo como berço as construções jurídicas inauguradas no Congresso do Panamá, em 1826. Embora parte da literatura considere a Primeira Conferência Pan-americana, realizada em Washington, no ano de 1889, como o marco inicial do sistema jurídico internacional na América, mostraremos que o Congresso do Panamá lançou bases para a construção e fortalecimento do Direito Internacional Regional e consagrou princípios relevantes hodiernamente considerados como pilares da Ordem Jurídica Internacional. Nesse sentido, o objeto de estudo concentrar-se-á na construção jurídica e na codificação de um Direito Internacional na América Latina que tem como foco o Congresso do Panamá, expressão máxima da atuação internacional dos Estados recém-formados da América Latina. / This research aims to investigate the origins of International Law in Latin America, cradled legal arrangements inaugurated by the Congress of Panama in 1826. Although part of the literature considers the First Pan-American Conference in Washington, in 1889, as the beginning of the international legal system in America, we will show that the Congress of Panama launched bases for building and strengthening of international law and established relevant principles, nowadays considered as pillars of the International Legal Order. Accordingly, the object of study will focus on the legal construction and codification of a International Law in Latin America that focuses the Congress of Panama, maximum expression of the international performance of the newly formed States of Latin American region.