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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
631

Synthèse de motifs propionate optiquement purs via une aldolisation énantiosélective de Mukaiyama suivie d'une réduction radicalaire diastéréosélective contrôlées à l'aide d'acides de Lewis

Nguyen, Maud January 2005 (has links)
No description available.
632

Traduzindo Aslan: marcas de um tradutor nas Crônicas de Nárnia / Tanslating Aslan: fingerprints of a translation in The Chronicles of Narnia

Felipe Barbosa de Aguiar 01 March 2013 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Este trabalho tem por objetivo verificar os padrões adotados para retratar o protagonista das Crônicas de Nárnia de C. S. Lewis o leão Aslan - na sua tradução para o português brasileiro. A dissertação objetiva também estabelecer se o paralelo sugerido pelo autor das Crônicas entre Aslan e a figura do Deus cristão é captado para o português brasileiro. Baseamo-nos na carta documental escrita por Lewis, na qual ele descreve a relação entre sua obra e o texto bíblico, principalmente no seu personagem principal, Aslan. Como arcabouço teórico adotado, discorremos sobre algumas correntes dos Estudos da Tradução que foram úteis para a análise do corpus o conceito de estilo e de afastamento do original e adaptação (BAKER, 1993, SHUTTLEWORTH,1999, TOURY, 1980). Como metalinguagem que nos ajuda a explicar as mudanças ocorridas entre o texto original e o texto traduzido, utilizamos a Gramática Sistêmico-Funcional, principalmente a função experiencial descrita pelos Processos (em especial os Processos Verbais), e a função interpessoal representada pela Teoria da Valoração (Appraisal). Para a análise dos textos, foi compilado um corpus paralelo contendo os sete livros da série em inglês e português e também um corpus comparável, utilizado para ratificar os resultados encontrados. Esses resultados apontam para um afastamento do texto traduzido radical em relação ao texto original no que se refere à construção do personagem Aslan, a saber: mudanças na prosódia semântica, mudanças de Força, omissões ou adições que alteram o sentido e mudança na agência dos Processos Verbais. Sugerimos que esses contrastes entre as alegorias tecidas por Lewis no texto original e o que encontramos na fala traduzida de Aslan podem alterar a percepção que se tem de Aslan como um símbolo cristão, quando reescrito em português do Brasil / This research aims to investigate the patterns adopted to portrait the central character of C. S. Lewis The Chronicles of Narnia the lion Aslan in its translation to Brazilian Portuguese. The dissertation aims also to estabilish if the parallel suggested by the author of The Chronicles between Aslan and the Christian God is captured into Brazilian Portuguese. We are grounded in the documental letter written by Lewis, in which he describes the relation between his work and the biblical text, chiefly its leading role, Aslan. As theorethical framework, we discuss some of the fields of Translation Studies that have been useful to the corpus analisys the concept of style, distancing from the original and adaptation (BAKER, 1993, SHUTTLEWORTH,1999, TOURY, 1980). As metalanguage which helps us to explain the changes in the original text and the translated text, we use the Sistemic Functional Grammar, namely the experiential function described by the Processes (in special the Verbal Processes), and the interpersonal function represented by Appraisal Theory. In order to do the analisys, a parallel corpus was compiled, containing the seven books of the series in English and Portuguese, and also a comparable corpus, used to confirm the achieved results. These results point to a radical distancing of the translated text in relation to the original text with respect to the construction of Aslans character, namely: changes in semantic prosody, changes in Force, omissions or aditions that alter the meaning and changes in the agency of Verbal Processes. We suggest that these contrasts between the allegories woven by Lewis in the original text and what we found in the translated text may modify the perception one may have of Aslan as a Christian symbol, when rewritten into Portuguese
633

Traduzindo Aslan: marcas de um tradutor nas Crônicas de Nárnia / Tanslating Aslan: fingerprints of a translation in The Chronicles of Narnia

Felipe Barbosa de Aguiar 01 March 2013 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Este trabalho tem por objetivo verificar os padrões adotados para retratar o protagonista das Crônicas de Nárnia de C. S. Lewis o leão Aslan - na sua tradução para o português brasileiro. A dissertação objetiva também estabelecer se o paralelo sugerido pelo autor das Crônicas entre Aslan e a figura do Deus cristão é captado para o português brasileiro. Baseamo-nos na carta documental escrita por Lewis, na qual ele descreve a relação entre sua obra e o texto bíblico, principalmente no seu personagem principal, Aslan. Como arcabouço teórico adotado, discorremos sobre algumas correntes dos Estudos da Tradução que foram úteis para a análise do corpus o conceito de estilo e de afastamento do original e adaptação (BAKER, 1993, SHUTTLEWORTH,1999, TOURY, 1980). Como metalinguagem que nos ajuda a explicar as mudanças ocorridas entre o texto original e o texto traduzido, utilizamos a Gramática Sistêmico-Funcional, principalmente a função experiencial descrita pelos Processos (em especial os Processos Verbais), e a função interpessoal representada pela Teoria da Valoração (Appraisal). Para a análise dos textos, foi compilado um corpus paralelo contendo os sete livros da série em inglês e português e também um corpus comparável, utilizado para ratificar os resultados encontrados. Esses resultados apontam para um afastamento do texto traduzido radical em relação ao texto original no que se refere à construção do personagem Aslan, a saber: mudanças na prosódia semântica, mudanças de Força, omissões ou adições que alteram o sentido e mudança na agência dos Processos Verbais. Sugerimos que esses contrastes entre as alegorias tecidas por Lewis no texto original e o que encontramos na fala traduzida de Aslan podem alterar a percepção que se tem de Aslan como um símbolo cristão, quando reescrito em português do Brasil / This research aims to investigate the patterns adopted to portrait the central character of C. S. Lewis The Chronicles of Narnia the lion Aslan in its translation to Brazilian Portuguese. The dissertation aims also to estabilish if the parallel suggested by the author of The Chronicles between Aslan and the Christian God is captured into Brazilian Portuguese. We are grounded in the documental letter written by Lewis, in which he describes the relation between his work and the biblical text, chiefly its leading role, Aslan. As theorethical framework, we discuss some of the fields of Translation Studies that have been useful to the corpus analisys the concept of style, distancing from the original and adaptation (BAKER, 1993, SHUTTLEWORTH,1999, TOURY, 1980). As metalanguage which helps us to explain the changes in the original text and the translated text, we use the Sistemic Functional Grammar, namely the experiential function described by the Processes (in special the Verbal Processes), and the interpersonal function represented by Appraisal Theory. In order to do the analisys, a parallel corpus was compiled, containing the seven books of the series in English and Portuguese, and also a comparable corpus, used to confirm the achieved results. These results point to a radical distancing of the translated text in relation to the original text with respect to the construction of Aslans character, namely: changes in semantic prosody, changes in Force, omissions or aditions that alter the meaning and changes in the agency of Verbal Processes. We suggest that these contrasts between the allegories woven by Lewis in the original text and what we found in the translated text may modify the perception one may have of Aslan as a Christian symbol, when rewritten into Portuguese
634

A dinâmica da mudança estrutural : uma abordagem pasinettiana do desenvolvimento econômico

Costa Junior, Leopoldo January 2009 (has links)
Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Administração, Economia, Contabilidade e Ciência da Informação e Documentação, Departamento de Economia, 2009. / Submitted by Allan Wanick Motta (allan_wanick@hotmail.com) on 2010-07-14T18:58:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_LeopoldoCostaJunior.pdf: 1230153 bytes, checksum: 23c4157ced7bcdb2a3379b927c70da07 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luanna Maia(luanna@bce.unb.br) on 2011-01-30T17:39:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_LeopoldoCostaJunior.pdf: 1230153 bytes, checksum: 23c4157ced7bcdb2a3379b927c70da07 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luanna Maia(luanna@bce.unb.br) on 2011-01-30T17:59:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_LeopoldoCostaJunior.pdf: 1230153 bytes, checksum: 23c4157ced7bcdb2a3379b927c70da07 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2011-01-30T17:59:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_LeopoldoCostaJunior.pdf: 1230153 bytes, checksum: 23c4157ced7bcdb2a3379b927c70da07 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Mudança estrutural e desemprego parecem ser características do processo de desenvolvimento econômico. O objetivo dessa tese é estudar a dinâmica da mudança estrutural usando a noção de setor verticalmente integrado e o modelo de produção com trabalho apenas de Pasinetti (1973, 1981, 1988, 1993). No Capítulo I, “Introdução”, apresentamos o objetivo da tese e a relevância de se usar um modelo multi-setorial de crescimento com taxas de crescimento e comportamento diferenciados tanto dos setores quanto das famílias para lidar com a questão do desenvolvimento econômico e com a mudança estrutural que o caracteriza. A questão do consumo sempre foi negligenciada em modelos de inspiração sraffiana, muito mais preocupados com o lado da produção ao contrário de outras escolas keynesianas. No Capítulo II, fazemos uma extensão ao modelo pasinettiano para contemplar diferentes perfis de consumo e entender como a heterogeneidade das famílias contribui para explicar a mudança estrutural. Verificamos que essa heterogeneidade se mostrou importante para a explicar a necessidade da emergência de instituições, como um banco central, para garantir a estabilidade de preços (através de uma escolha adequada de numerário) e uma taxa justa – no sentido de preservar o trabalho incorporado nas mercadorias - para transferir poder de compra entre as famílias ao longo do tempo (a taxa ‘natural’ de juros de Pasinetti). Uma ilustração numérica do modelo se encontra no ApêndiceA. Apesar da dificuldade da manutenção do pleno emprego em um modelo de mudança estrutural e do impacto da idéia de oferta ilimitada de mão-de-obra na literatura sobre o desenvolvimento econômico, essa abordagem foi ignorada pelas escolas pós-keynesianas. No Capítulo III, é feita uma extensão ao modelo de produção com trabalho apenas para considerar a dualidade entre os setores. O modelo dualista de produção com trabalho apenas e diferentes perfis de consumo é uma interpretação pasinettiana do modelo dualista proposto por Arthur Lewis (1954) do ponto de vista de um modelo de mudança estrutural. O resultado da análise nos pareceu promissor porque ilumina o papel que os setores de subsistência têm na economia, não apenas como reserva de mão-de-obra a ser usada pelos setores modernos para se expandir, mas também para estabilizar a demanda efetiva. Naturalmente, a presença cada vez maior dos setores de serviços na economia é também uma manifestação de mudança estrutural. No Capítulo IV é examinado quanto os setores de serviços contribuem para a produtividade do trabalho da economia como um todo e de cada um dos setores em particular no Brasil entre 1990 e 2003, usando a noção de setor verticalmente integrado desenvolvida por Pasinetti (1973). Os resultados obtidos evidenciam que os setores de serviços têm menor produtividade que os demais setores, mas essa diferença diminui quando consideramos a produtividade total ao invés da produtividade direta. A razão principal é o efeito induzido pela produtividade maior dos outros setores sobre os setores de serviços. Todavia o comportamento dos setores de serviços não é homogêneo, o setor “Comunicações”, no caso, apresenta produtividade direta do trabalho bastante elevada e não muito distante da produtividade total, sendo que o efeito induzido dos setores agrícolas e manufatureiros, apesar de menor do que os outros setores de serviços, ainda é expressivo. A base de dados e as tabelas auxiliares usadas nessa análise estão no Apêndice B. Finalmente, no Capítulo V, “Conclusão”, apresentamos as conclusões da tese e fazemos duas digressões. A primeira digressão, sobre consumo, ressalta a importância do aprendizado nas relações de consumo e a necessidade de se considerar o contexto institucional para se definir o objeto desse aprendizado. Na segunda digressão, sobre o emprego, discutimos como o desemprego (ou subemprego) se manifesta como privação da autonomia do indivíduo e como mecanismo gerador de exclusão social e a necessidade de se identificar o tipo de desenvolvimento econômico que se deseja. Terminamos a tese sugerindo extensões e pesquisas promissoras que podem ser feitas nessa mesma linha de pesquisa. _______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / Structural changes and unemployment seems to be characteristics of economic development processes. The purpose of this thesis is to study the dynamic of structural change using the notion of vertically integrated sector and the pure labour model developed by Pasinetti (1973, 1981, 1988, 1993). In Chapter I, we present the objective of the thesis and the relevance of using a multi-sectoral growth model with different growth rates and behaviour of both sectors and families to deal with the issue of economic development and structural change. The question of consumption has always been neglected in models of Sraffian inspiration, much more concerned with the production side as opposed to other Keynesian schools. In Chapter II, we extend the pure labour model in order to deal with different consumption profiles and to understand how the heterogeneity of families help to explain the structural change. We found that this heterogeneity proved to be important for explaining the need for the emergence of institutions like a central bank to ensure price stability (through an appropriate choice of numéraire) and a fair rate - to preserve the labour incorporated in commodities - for transferring purchasing power of families over time (the Pasinetti’s 'natural' rate of interest). An illustration of the numerical model is in Appendix A. Despite the difficulty of maintaining full employment in a model of structural change and the impact of the idea of unlimited supply of labour in the literature on economic development, this approach has been ignored by the post-Keynesian schools. In Chapter III, Pasinetti’s pure labour model is extended to consider dualism among sectors. The dual pure labour model with different consumption profiles is a Pasinettian interpretation of the dualistic model of Lewis’ inside structural change model point of view. The result seemed promising because it illuminates the role of the subsistence sector in the economy, not only as a reserve labour force to be used by modern sectors to expand, but also to stabilize the effective demand. Of course, the growing presence of service industries in the economy is also a manifestation of structural change. In Chapter IV, it is examined how much the services sectors contribute to the labour productivity of the economy as a whole and for each of the sectors in particular in Brazil between 1990 and 2003, using the notion of vertically integrated sector developed by Pasinetti (1973). The results show that the services sectors have lower productivity than the other sectors, but the difference diminishes when considering the total productivity instead of direct productivity. The main reason is the effect induced by increased productivity of other sectors on the services sectors. However the behaviour of the services sector is not homogenous, the sector "Communications" in the case, has direct labour productivity very high and not far from the total productivity labour, and the effect produced by the agricultural and manufacturing sectors, although lower the other service sectors, is still significant. The database and the auxiliary tables used in this analysis are in Appendix B. Finally, in Chapter V, we present the conclusions of the thesis and make two digressions. The first digression, on consumption, highlights the importance of learning in consumer relations and the need to consider the institutional context to define the object of learning. In the second digression, on the employment, we discussed how the unemployment (or underemployment) is expressed as the deprivation of personal autonomy and as the source of social exclusion and the need to identify the type of economic development that we want. The thesis is ended by suggesting extensions and promising research that can be made on the same line of research.
635

Is smoking and clothing doing any good for Mozambique : a study of cashcrops and its effects in northern Mozambique

Filipsson, Svante, Hultman, Anders January 2007 (has links)
The question of the cultivation of cash crops in Africa south of Sahara has long been debated. We have examined the situation of cash crop cultivation for the peasant of northern Mozambique. What factors are needed for a peasant to be able to choose to cultivate cash crops and what are the effects on the peasant’s situation when cultivating cash crops? With help from James C. Scott’s theories about food security and the safety first principle see how the possibilities are for the peasant to grow cash crops. By using the Lewis two-sector model we have examined the possibilities for a peasant of northern Mozambique abilities to make the transition from the agricultural sector to the industrial sector. We found this model insufficient to explain the transition of labour in the Mozambican society. The model needs two additional sectors to fully explain the transition in Mozambique. These sectors, cash crop and semi-industrial, are needed because the transition is too far in terms of productivity and technology. An extensive cash crop production is therefore important for the economic development. We have also found that food security is important for the peasants in order to start growing cash crops.
636

Développement de la réaction d’α-amidoalkylation catalytique directe des cétones catalysée par le super acide de Lewis Sn(NTf2)4 / Development of direct catalytic α-amidoalkylation of ketones catalyzed by super Lewis acid Sn(NTf2)4

Touati, Bahria 27 June 2014 (has links)
La chimie des ions N-acyliminiums est un axe de recherche important dans le domaine de la chimie moderne. L’apport de la catalyse, avec l’utilisation de super acides de Lewis, a permis d’améliorer de nombreux processus synthétiques. Nous avons pu développer des réactions d’α-amidoalkylation catalytiques directes de cétones et d’aldéhydes. Ces réactions sont catalysées par des charges très faibles (0.5-2 mol%) du super acide de Lewis, le triflimidate d’étain IV Sn(NTf2)4 et donnent accès à une large gamme de structures carbonylées très intéressantes, avec de bons rendements. L’influence des différents paramètres gouvernant la réactivité et l’étendue de la méthode ont été étudiées. Par la suite, le potentiel synthétique des produits obtenus a été étudié. Deux stratégies de réactions intramoléculaires ont été testées à partir d’adduits alkylés judicieusement fonctionnalisés, en utilisant soit des catalyseurs à base d’or, soit des catalyseurs de métathèse, permettant d’atteindre quelques structures polycycliques. / AThe chemistry of N-acyliminiums ions is one important area of research in modern organic chemistry. Lewis superacid catalysis has contributed in the improvement of many synthetic processes. We have developed some direct α-amidoalkylation reactions starting from unmodified ketones and aldehydes. The reactions were catalyzed by the Lewis superacid tin IV triflimidate, Sn(NTf2)4, at a very low catalyst loading(0.5-2 mol%), providing access to a set of very interesting carbonylated structures in good yields. The influence of different parameters governing the reactivity and the scope of the reaction were studied. Thereafter, the synthetic potential of the obtained products was evaluated. Two intramolecular approaches from suitably functionalized alkylated products were tested using gold and metathesis catalysts, allowed access to some polycyclic structures.
637

Syntéza C15-C20 fragmentu tiakumicinu / Synthesis of the C15-C20 tiacumicin fragment

Havlíček, Vojtěch January 2017 (has links)
In the diploma thesis, a method for preparation of the unsaturated C15-C20 tiacumicin fragment was developed. Tiacumicin is classified as a macrolidone antibiotic. Although three syntheses of tiacumicin have been recently published, this study has aimed to develop a novel pathway for its preparation utilizing catalytic reactions instead of stoichiometric ones. In the second part, an enantioselective allylation of (E)-3-jod-2-methylpropenal has been developed applying catalysis by a series of N,N'-dioxide catalysts. The asymmetric induction achieved in the allylation was up to 99% ee. This procedure allows relatively simple, straightforward and efficient preparation of wide range of natural products. Keywords tiacumicin, asymmetric synthesis, allylation, catalysis, chiral Lewis bases, organocatalysis
638

Surface resistivity, mechanical and thermal properties of rotationally moulded polyethylene/graphite composites

Mhike, Washington 28 November 2012 (has links)
Please read the abstract in the dissertation Copyright / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / Chemical Engineering / unrestricted
639

To Justify the Ways of Satan by Men : En analys av kritiska tolkningspositioner av Satan i John Miltons Paradise Lost / To Justify the Ways of Satan by Men : An analysis of critical readings of Satan in John Milton´s Paradise Lost

Björnlund, Stefan January 2017 (has links)
This study analyses readings and interpretations of the satanic figure in John Milton´s epic Paradise Lost. The study highlights positions from the literature debate about Satan, the main character, and analyses interpretations of Milton´s Satan in order to investigate the critical positions about the relation between text and interpretation. The study has a meta-perspective and analyses the character of Satan in relation to the two main positions that have occupied the debate. The central question for this study is the role of the satanic figure in Paradise Lost. Have the critics read him as a tragic hero or is he being portrayed as the embodiment of evil? By reading which strategies have been used for interpretation by critics in order to come to conclusions about Satan, I have also shown what views exist concerning literary texts and character presentation. The result shows two clear traditions, satanists and anti-satanists, the former interpreting Satan as a positive character and the latter viewing him as a negative one. This study has shown that the debate concerning Satan has touched upon a wide spectrum of subjects where questions concerning authority, revolt and the closeness/distance to a text has been part of the interpretations. The satanic figure has at the same time shown to be an ambivalent 'round' character which makes simple interpretations of him more difficult.
640

Synthese von Übergangsmetallformiaten und deren Verwendung zur Metallisierung

Abylaikhan, Akerke 29 September 2005 (has links)
In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden M(II)-Formiat-Komplexe mit M=Cu, Ni, Zn beschrieben. Das themogravimetrische Verhalten dieser Komplexe wird vorgestellt. TG-MS-Untersuchungen geben erste Hinweise auf das Metallisierungsverhalten obiger Spezies. Die Charakterisierung der entsprechenden Komplexe erfolgte durch die Elementaranalyse, IR-Spektroskopie sowie in einzelnen Fällen durch die Einkristallröntgendiffraktometrie.

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