Czech health care and nursing is undergoing a significant transformation during the last years and it touches the changes in the education of health professionals. There are changing demands on the training, on the knowledge level and also on the graduate profile in accordance with the recommendations of the Europlan Union. Following these recommendations the requirements of lifelong education of nurses are also profiled. E-learning education is an important tool in use in the educational process of nursing and an effort to use processes of nursing care based on evidence.The aim of the study was to determine how nurses use e-learning in lifelong education and whether nurses prefer classical forms of education to e-learning, to map whether they have possibilities of e-learning within the facilities they work in and whether there is a sufficient supply of e-learning courses supporting lifelong education of nurses in the Czech Republic. The last goal of the study was to create an e-learning course focused on specific problems at the orthopedic ward of the Hospital Tábor, a.s. In relation to the objectives the following hypotheses were designed: H1-Nurses with university education use e-learning more than non-graduates. H2-Nurses with university education consider e-learning in clinical practice for more beneficial than traditional forms of education, unlike non-graduate nurses. H3-Nurses with clinical practice shorter than 5 years prefer e-learning more often than nurses with practice longer than 5 years. For the thesis was selected a quantitave survey form using anonymous questionnaries that were distributed electronically to the individual clinical departments. The research sample consisted of registered nurses according to Act 96/2004 Coll., As amended, from specialized outpatient clinical departments of 16 providers of medical facilities in the Czech Republic. The questionnaries were processed by matrix method in Excel 2013 and the results were converted into graphs and tables using descriptive statistics. A statistical evaluation of hypotheses was made as well. Hypotheses were tested by chi-square test in contingency tables. The selected level of significance was 5%.Results: Nurses mostly use e-learning to get professional information for nursing care. The most common reason for not using or even rejection of e-learning by nurses is that this form of education does not suit them. Most nurses do not have the opportunity to e-learning in facilities where they work and also they cannot implement the knowledge gained by e-learning. The offer of e-learning courses over time is constantly changing and evolving, some courses have even completely disappeared. A course offer is sufficient, although nurses miss some types of courses. There was to create an e-learning course "Collection of biological material, or how not make mistakes in the pre-analytic phase" focusing on specific problematic aspects of blood collection within the medical facility Hospital Tábor,a.s. The results of the survey will be together with the e-learning course given to the leading management of the Hospital Tábor,a. s.

This study provides a theoretical and methodological contribution to ongoing debates relating to the purpose and nature of international higher education. It does so by examining globalisation, lifelong learning and postgraduate international study through the voice of the individual student. The voice of the student is under represented in the literature and this research contributes by providing an in-depth, longitudinal study focusing on the student voice. The experiences of international postgraduate students within one English university from 2009-2014 provide the research context. Their experience is explored through a number of integrated and interactive narrative based research methods: written narratives, interview narratives and narratives as conversations in action. There is a dearth of empirical research which integrates these methods. It is not an intention of this study to make generalisation claims or to claim universal applicability. However, the findings do add to knowledge relating to internationalisation, globalisation, lifelong learning and identity construction within higher education programmes. The neoliberal economic view of motivation to become an international student is contested. This study suggests that motivation to take on a period of international study may be more complex and more heavily weighted towards passion, rather than towards an economic or employment based rationale. Participants do demonstrate many of the qualities identified for the international or globalised learner. However, international experience and international learning is largely brought about the agency of the international student, often in spite of, rather than as an outcome of their formal university programme of study. The study confirms that culture and identity are permeable and are influenced by the postgraduate student experience. However, nationality rather than being reduced is reinforced during the period of international study. The findings confirm that narrative research approaches such as those used in this research, can provide a rich learning experience for both participant and researcher. Such approaches may be of particular importance to individuals in transition stages, such as the international student.

Submitted by Valéria Aparecida Vieira Velis (smerceja@gmail.com) on 2018-06-18T21:30:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese FINAL Valéria Velis.pdf: 1240943 bytes, checksum: 4ff1ecce521a0e31b60fde196ea82d7a (MD5) / Rejected by Ana Paula Santulo Custódio de Medeiros null (asantulo@rc.unesp.br), reason: Falta o conceito na folha de aprovação. on 2018-06-19T12:53:18Z (GMT) / Submitted by Valéria Aparecida Vieira Velis (smerceja@gmail.com) on 2018-06-20T18:03:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 8646A - UNESP - VALERIA APARECIDA VIEIRA VELIS - 2 COMPLETAS (2).pdf: 1380779 bytes, checksum: 8a88714a98671f04d029b512e083c4ba (MD5) / Rejected by Ana Paula Santulo Custódio de Medeiros null (asantulo@rc.unesp.br), reason: - Título da capa, da página de rosto e da ficha catalográfica estão diferentes do título da folha de aprovação: Se o correto for o título da capa, página de rosto e ficha, verificar na Seção de Pós-Graduação a alteração na folha de aprovação. Se o correto for o título da folha de aprovação, alterar a capa e a folha de rosto e solicitar pela página da biblioteca, em Serviços, Ficha catalográfica, a correção da ficha. on 2018-06-20T19:13:20Z (GMT) / Submitted by Valéria Aparecida Vieira Velis (smerceja@gmail.com) on 2018-06-21T21:31:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - UNESP - VALERIA APARECIDA VIEIRA VELIS - FINAL.pdf: 1683740 bytes, checksum: 93fca4772142c8a96240babe76493fbf (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Santulo Custódio de Medeiros null (asantulo@rc.unesp.br) on 2018-06-22T16:53:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 velis_vav_dr_rcla.pdf: 1742037 bytes, checksum: e469350239f03b8dba41f3b6b1024c0a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-22T16:53:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 velis_vav_dr_rcla.pdf: 1742037 bytes, checksum: e469350239f03b8dba41f3b6b1024c0a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo fazer uma análise das políticas públicas de atendimento da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) no Brasil no período de 2002 a 2013. Analisa-se o desenvolvimento das políticas públicas de EJA, constituídas na gestão que se institui como popular e democrática, realizada no período de 2002 a 2013. Diante do exposto, questiona-se: Como se estabeleceram as políticas públicas de Educação de Jovens e Adultos no Brasil no período de 2002 a 2013? De fato, as políticas públicas de Educação de Jovens e Adultos constituídas no Brasil, nesse período, garantiram que esse atendimento se configurasse num projeto de formação integral e ao longo da vida junto aos jovens, adultos e idosos que procuram esta modalidade de ensino ou apenas se estabeleceram como um “favor”, no sentido de traduzir as prerrogativas do Estado Mínimo? Como impulso para a investigação, pergunta-se ainda: de que forma o Brasil atendeu à demanda da EJA, levando-se em consideração as mudanças legais para tal modalidade de ensino? Quais são os fatores indicativos de singularidade da experiência, ou não, de política pública em EJA no Brasil nesse período? A escolha da temática se deve ao trabalho iniciado na Secretaria Municipal da Educação de Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brasil desde 1997. A metodologia de pesquisa utilizada para a análise da experiência de implantação de políticas públicas para a EJA no Brasil tem uma abordagem qualitativa, a qual apresenta as condições necessárias para que o pesquisador se insira de maneira efetiva na dinâmica da realidade social investigada. Realizou-se, então, a análise dos programas de governo desse período, dos documentos oficiais brasileiros e dos relatórios internacionais, baseando-se nos modelos de análise das políticas de educação e formação de adultos ao longo da vida. Percebeu-se em toda a análise que há avanços no atendimento, porém, as políticas implementadas nesse período não “quebraram” com a lógica de governos passados, pautados nos preceitos neoliberais, preocupados com a inserção dos estudantes trabalhadores no mercado de trabalho como forma de formação integral e ao longo da vida.. / This research aims to make an analysis of the public policies of service of Youth and Adult Education (EJA) in Brazil from 2002 to 2013. It analyzes the development of public policies of EJA, constituted in the management that is established as popular and democratic, carried out in the period from 2002 to 2013. In view of the above, the question is: How were the public policies of Youth and Adult Education in Brazil established in the period from 2002 to 2013? In fact, the public policies for Youth and Adult Education established in Brazil during this period ensured that this service was a project of integral and lifelong learning among young people, adults and the elderly who sought this type of education or only have established themselves as a "favor" in order to translate the prerogatives of the Minimum State? As an impetus for research, we also ask: how has Brazil met the demand of the EJA, taking into account the legal changes for this type of education? What are the factors indicative of the uniqueness of the public policy experience in EJA in Brazil in this period? The choice of the theme is due to the work begun in the Municipal Secretary of Education of Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil since 1997. The research methodology used to analyze the experience of implementing public policies for the EJA in Brazil has a qualitative approach, which presents the necessary conditions for the researcher to insert himself effectively in the dynamics of the social reality investigated. The analysis of the government programs of this period, the official Brazilian documents and the international reports was carried out, based on the models of analysis of policies of adult education and training throughout the life. It was noticed throughout the analysis that there are advances in care, but the policies implemented in this period did not "break" with the logic of past governments, based on neoliberal precepts, concerned with the insertion of students in the labor market as a way of integral training and lifelong learning.

Introdução: O reconhecimento das dificuldades vivenciadas em serviço é de fundamental importância, sobremaneira, procurando buscar saídas para resolução dessas, entre outros problemas. Por vezes, as práticas educativas fazem parte da formação do enfermeiro psiquiátrico e devem ser realizadas em serviço, concomitantemente com as ações de enfermagem rotineiras. Elas contribuem para o aprimoramento de novos conhecimentos e para o desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências essenciais, tendo em vista a execução de uma assistência de enfermagem, com qualidade ao cliente, à família e à comunidade. Sendo assim, faz-se importante que o enfermeiro tenha construído conhecimentos teórico-práticos durante o curso de graduação em enfermagem, a fim de executar as práticas educativas em serviço, com segurança e preparo para trabalhar tais ações, em Unidades Psiquiátricas. A atuação crítico-reflexiva utilizada pelo docente de enfermagem, tem, como pressuposto, construir um modelo curricular que contemple o processo de formação articulado com o mundo do trabalho, usando estratégias inovadoras, trabalhando o ensino de forma contextualizada, visando à formação de um profissional mais crítico e compromissado com as questões profissionais e sociais. Assim, de acordo com os referenciais teóricos levantados, pudemos perceber que as práticas educativas contextualizadas e dialogadas, ainda não fazem parte do planejamento das ações de enfermagem como um todo. Sob essa perspectiva, é preciso haver a conscientização dos profissionais em relação à importância dessas práticas desenvolvidas em serviço, a serem mais democráticas e humanizadas, com o intuito de garantir a melhoria da força do trabalho em saúde, revelando, assim, a importância do nosso estudo. Como objetivo, propomos levantar com os enfermeiros que atuam na enfermagem psiquiátrica o conhecimento deles sobre educação permanente, verificando se eles participam dessas atividades em serviço, identificando suas dificuldades vivenciadas, buscando seu entendimento sobre a importância da prática educativa em serviço, bem como da educação permanente, como estratégia de organização da aprendizagem e atualização profissional; e desenvolver um programa educativo visando orientação sobre as dificuldades diagnosticadas nestas práticas. Metodologia: Trabalhando a pesquisa qualitativa, humanista, mediatizada pela metodologia da pesquisa-ação. Essa permite levantar problemas e, posteriormente, propor elementos educativos. Aplicamos duas técnicas para a coleta de dados: a entrevista, com a aplicação de questionário, e a observação participante com o uso do diário de campo. A amostra do nosso estudo se constituiu de 7 enfermeiros, da Clínica de Psiquiatria de um Hospital Escola, de uma cidade do interior paulista. Adotamos como critérios de inclusão: profissionais enfermeiros do local, que manifestaram concordância em participar do estudo com a assinatura do termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido, aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, atendendo aos preceitos éticos e ao rigor científico. Análise dos dados: esses foram levantados, através das falas emitidas pelos sujeitos pesquisados. Foram trabalhados qualitativamente e, portanto, por categorização, permitindo o agrupamento de todos os elementos convergentes e/ou divergentes, apropriados e/ou ajustados às reflexões, de acordo com a discussão, associados aos achados deste estudo. Resultados: Depreendemos que a maioria dos enfermeiros pesquisados atribui significativa importância à educação permanente em serviço, relacionando a busca de conhecimento, inovação, transformação, resolução de problemas, favorecendo a qualidade da assistência/ do ensino/ da pesquisa, assim como a valorização pessoal, profissional e institucional. Alguns sujeito afirmam executar a educação permanente em serviço, mas outros relatam não ter tempo e nem recurso para realizá-la. Os sujeitos da pesquisa têm noção real das questões abordadas, revelando estar antenados sobre a educação permanente. Também realizamos a ação educativa com os enfermeiros através de folhetos informativos avaliados de modo positivo pelos mesmos. Portanto, concluímos que a educação permanente já caminha com seus primeiros passos avaliados, na clínica psiquiátrica em foco, o que contribui para o planejamento e para a organização do trabalho dos enfermeiros, possibilitando uma assistência mais humanizada ao cliente e à família. / Introduction: The acceptance of difficulties experienced in services is highly important, looking for solutions for such issues and others. At some point, the educative practices are part of the psychiatric nursing education and must be executed in service concomitantly with routine nursing actions. They contribute to improvements of learning and developing abilities and considerable capacities in order to provide with assistance in nursing at good qualities for customers, families and communities. Therefore, it is important that the nurse has built theory-practical knowledge during the graduation course in order to execute educative practices in services with security and be well-prepared to work in such actions in Psychiatric Units. The critical-reflexive acting used by a nursing teacher has the purpose of building a résumé model containing the educational process connected with the job outside by using new strategies in where the teaching will be done in a contextualised way, aiming preparing a more critical professional and more compromised about the professional and social matters. Thus, in accordance with the theoretic references studied it was observed that the contextualised and dialogued educative practices are not part of the nursing action plans in general. From this perspective is needed to have a professional consciousness about the importance of these developed practices in services in order to be more democratic and humanized with the purpose of assuring the working force improvement in healthy, revealing then the importance of this study. With the purpose of raising the acknowledge of lifelong learning in psychiatric nurses by verifying whether they take part of such activities, identifying their experienced difficulties, seeking their understanding process about the importance of educative practice in service as well as lifelong learning as a organisational strategy of learning and professional upgrades and developing a educative program aiming the orientation about the detected difficulties in this practices. Methodology: Working the qualitative and humanized research, interfering with research-action methodology. This study proposes raising issues and consequently offers educative components. Two techniques were applied to collect data: the interview applying a questionnaire and the attendant observation using their daily service. The sample of our study was based in seven nurses from the Psychiatric Clinical from a School Hospital of a city located in the interior of the country. As part of the criteria were adopted: local nurses, who manifested their agreement in taking part of this study afterwards their free and cleared consent term approved by the Research Ethical Committee and considered the ethical norms and scientific strictness. Data analysis: they were raised through verbal comments from researched people. They were qualitatively analysed and therefore, by categorization allowing the converging and divergent grouping appropriated/or adjusted to the reflexion according to the arguments associated to the issues found. Results: It was deduced that most of the researched nurses attribute considerable importance to the lifelong learning in services seeking for acknowledges, innovation, changes, problems solutions in order to collaborate to the assistance quality of teaching/research as well as personal, professional and institutional improvements. Some of them confirm that they execute a lifelong learning in service, however others relate about not having time neither resources to execute them. They have a real idea of the approached questions revealing to be updated to the lifelong learning. It was also done the educative action with nurses through bulletin news, which were evaluated in a positive way. Therefore, it was concluded that the lifelong learning is taking the first step forward to the Psychiatric Clinical, which contributes to the planning and organization of the nurses, directing to a more humanized assistance to the patient and family.

The thesis The Development of the Legal Regulation of Adult Education in the Czech Republic addresses the legal regulation of adult education in the Czech Republic and its historical, social and international political context. The thesis describes and analyses the following elements: adult education legislation in our country from 1918 to present days, and its strategic, analytical and conceptual documents, key documents of international organizations, adult education legislation of the European Union, in Slovakia and shallowly in few other countries in order to provide a comparison, all based on law theory and andragogic terminology. The conclusion of thesis provides a critical evaluation of the current adult education legislation in the Czech Republic and drafts a new legislation substantively related to all the above components.

Vaginismus is defined as a persistent difficulty with vaginal entry, despite a woman’s expressed wish, due to muscle tension, avoidance, and/or pain (Basson et al., 2003). The disorder is classified as a sexual dysfunction; however, there is a paucity of literature on the sexual response, sexual function, and sexual behaviour of women with vaginismus. This thesis research was designed to investigate the differential aspects of sexual health in women with lifelong vaginismus, compared to women with lifelong dyspareunia (pain with intercourse) and women with pain-free intercourse. In the first study, 45 women viewed erotic films, of which one set depicted penetration and the other did not. Physiological sexual arousal was assessed via thermography. Subjective responses to films were assessed with questionnaires. Despite significantly greater negative emotions and lower mental sexual arousal in response to erotic stimuli, women with vaginismus showed genital arousal comparable to the comparison groups. In the second study, 174 women completed an online survey. Women with vaginismus reported more sexual difficulties than the no-pain group and a restricted range of lifetime sexual behaviours and lower frequency of intercourse attempts/experiences than the comparison groups. Women with vaginismus and dyspareunia reported more anxiety during sexual activity and a restricted sexual behaviour repertoire in the previous year and month compared to the no-pain group. Women with vaginismus endorsed more negative cognitions related to penetration, specifically concerns about losing control of their body and the situation. The findings suggest that sexual function difficulties and restricted behavioural repertoire may be associated with negative emotions and maladaptive cognitions. Women with vaginismus may avoid encounters that could lead to intercourse. Alternatively, the negative response to sexual stimuli may be indicative of a more global negative response to sexuality beyond intercourse. The negative penetration-related cognitions, negative responses to sexual stimuli, anxiety during sexual activity, and reduced range and frequency of sexual behaviours of women with vaginismus provide support for the Fear-Avoidance Model of Vaginismus. The impairment in sexual functioning supports the need to move beyond the singular treatment focus of making intercourse possible to an approach that addresses overall sexual rehabilitation.

The aim of this thesis is to introduce issue of individual parts of lifelong learning of economics teachers. The theoretical part describes in-service and futher education of teachers, including topics currently discussed. The theoretical part is followed by a discussion of results of a questionnaire survey among teachers of economic subjects. It was verified that the access to education of teachers of business subjects is not uniform, because not everybody who teach is a specialist teachers in the field. It was also found that in further education teachers have unequal opportunities for further education. Although the motivation of teachers of economic subjects further education is great, very different topics that interested teachers.

The thesis deals with education in Community Programmes. It focuses on Education Policy in EU and Lifelong Learning Programme which was concentrated on Education and Training in 2007 - 2014. Since 2014 the programme has a new form and a new name, Erasmus+. New programme connects six existing programs into a single framework which covers Education, Training, Youth and Sport. In the final part is presented the practical example of completing funding application form to support projects in the education area. The completed form can serve as a guide for future applicants.

Nationally and internationally the integration of people with disabilities into mainstream society is gaining attention. Leisure and sport play important roles in this integration process. Few services and opportunities, however, exist for people with disabilities to participate equally in society. It seems that recreation providers focus primarily on recreation programs for able-bodied people in communities. These inequalities are realized. It is also documented in the National Sport and Recreation Act (1998) that the development of sport and recreation opportunities for people with disabilities is important. Due to the numerous health benefits of leisure participation, lifelong participation needs to be encouraged when leisure opportunities are developed and implemented in communities. It is important that people with disabilities derive maximum benefit from sport and recreation involvement to ensure continued participation throughout the lifespan. Individuals derive maximum benefits from sport and recreation activity involvement when they perceive freedom during these activities. These activities range from athletics and soccer to chess and art. “Perceived freedom” is the central indicator of leisure functioning. Freedom can only be experienced when the learners with physical and learning disabilities experience satisfactory levels of leisure competence, control during leisure activities, needs satisfaction and depth of involvement as components of leisure functioning. The following hypothesis was formulated for the study: “Leisure functioning of learners with learning and physical disabilities does not contribute to an independent leisure lifestyle”. The aims of this study were to determine the following components of leisure functioning through the use of the standardised Leisure Diagnostic Battery (LDB): <ul> <li>leisure competence of learners;</li> <li>being able to control the process and outcomes of leisure participation ;</li> <li>needs satisfaction and</li> <li>depth of involvement in leisure activities.</li></ul> Data collected in this study were processed by means of quantitative research. Research methods included an external environmental analysis (literature reviews), an internal environmental analysis (internal policies and programs and interview), and a questionnaire. The questionnaire was administered to a sample of learners (38%) with physical and learning disabilities at an ELSEN (Education for Learners with Special Education Needs) School in Tshwane. It was found that learners at the ELSEN School had an 85% (63.73/75) leisure functioning rate. The learners with learning disabilities had a slightly higher leisure functioning rate of 85.32% (63.99/75) than the learners with physical disabilities with an 84.27% (63.2/75) rate. The high level of leisure functioning indicated that the learners perceived high levels of freedom during their leisure participation at the school. The formulated hypothesis could therefore not be accepted. The leisure functioning of the learners are high and should therefore contribute to an independent leisure lifestyle. In order to utilize the full potential of the leisure activities at the school the following aspects are suggested for further research: <ul> <li>In order to increase leisure participation at the school, constraints hindering participation need to be determined.</li> <li>Assessment of a broader base of learners (including all the grades) would be recommended for further planning of programs and activities.</li></ul> / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Biokinetics, Sport and Leisure Sciences / unrestricted

Formal assessment in education focuses on summative assessment in the form of grade allocation. This has limitations on the learning process for students. Formative assessment should also be incorporated into learning as an integral part as it offers many benefits. Reflective learning in the form of self-assessment is central to the process of formative assessment. Students, however, tend not to engage in the process of self-assessment. This skill can be developed by educators in an educational setting, but educators tend not to create an environment in which students can self-assess. The study explored students’ perceptions of the self-assessment process once they had been exposed to it over a period of time in a facilitated environment. This encouraged them to engage in the process and develop the skill of self-assessment. The research method was exploratory in nature and was conducted by means of a design experiment in which students were encouraged to self-assess on three occasions during the 2012 academic year. Data was then collected from the students by means of a structured survey. The results of this study indicated that students tended not to self-assess if not encouraged to do so. However, once given the opportunity to do so in an environment which supported it, students were positive about the process of self-assessment. They believed that it would improve their overall academic performance and indicated that they would continue to apply self-assessment to their studies in future. This study concluded that students were positive about self-assessment and that they applied it accurately and in a meaningful manner to their studies in an environment which supported it. / Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / lmchunu2014 / Taxation / unrestricted