Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-03-08Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:24:06Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ribeiro_om_dr_arafcl.pdf: 1633557 bytes, checksum: 299f44e7fb04ea57f97901778132d260 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Apresentamos uma pesquisa sobre um grupo de falantes de uma região rural conhecida como Dourados, no município mineiro de Patrocínio e egressos dessa região, residentes nessa cidade. O falar característico desse grupo, propagado por diversas gerações, distingue esses falantes das demais comunidades. Partimos da hipótese de que o aspecto cômico provocado pela ambigüidade nas construções realizadas por esse grupo é determinado, na maioria dos casos, pela relação metafórica e metonímica e pelos efeitos da projeção de imagens, localizando a metáfora no modo de conceptualizar um domínio mental em termos de um outro. Sem perdermos o foco da análise lingüística, dedicamos em tempo à pesquisa histórica e antropológica, para apresentar o grupo em seu contexto histórico-social. Assim, este trabalho se constitui em uma investigação de variação lingüística que, passando pela abrodagem da Teoria dos Espaços Mentais, de Fauconnier (1998), caracteriza-se como um estudo nos campos da Ling'istica Cognitiva e tem uma relação com o quadro da Sociolingüística Antropologia Lingüística. O modelo dos espaços mentaisproposto por constituem o aporte teórico para tentar explicar os processos cognitivos que se estabelecem na mente desses falantes, quando se envolvem em um evento de fala. Concluímos que a fala, aparentemente peculiar do grupo, é também apresentada em outras comunidades, pois, conforme Lakoff e Johnson (1980), a maior parte de nosso sostema conceptual é metaforicamente estruturado, ou seja, é parcialmente compreendido em termos de outros conceitos. / We present a research about a group of speakers from a rural region known as Dourados, in the city of Patrocínio, state of Minas Gerais, and also former inhabitants of this region who moved to the city mentioned. The peculiar speech of this group, propagated for various generations, distinguishes these speakers from other communities. Believing the hypothesis that the comic aspect brought by the ambiguity in the constructions produced by this group is determined in most cases, by the metaphoric and metonymic relation and by the effects of image projection, locating the metaphor in the way of conceptualizing a metal domain in terms of another. We dedicate some time to a historical and anthropological research, intending to present the group in its socio-historical context without, however, losing the focus of the linguistic analysis. Thus, this work constitutes an investigation of a linguistic variety which, going through the approach of the Mental Space Theory, of Fauconnier (1998), which is characterized as a study in the fields of Cognitive Linguistics and has a relation to Sociolinguistics and Linguistic Anthropology, as well. The model of mental spacesproposed by Fauconnier (1997, 1998) and the metaphoric mapping of Lakoff (1993) and Lakoff and Johnson (2002) will constitute our theoretical support in order to try to explain the researched community when they are involved in a speech act. Thus, we conclude that the speech, apparently peculiar of the grouop, is also presented in other linguistic communities, for according to Lakoff and Johnson (1980), a major part of our conceptual system is metaphorically structured, which means, it is partially understood in terms of other concepts.

Notre recherche porte sur les relations entre langues africaines, identités et pratiques linguistiques en situation migratoire et s’inspire des travaux se situant dans les domaines de l’anthropologie linguistique et de la sociologie de l’immigration. À partir de terrains menés dans trois foyers de travailleurs migrants de Montreuil, une ville de la banlieue Est de la région parisienne, nous explorons les méthodes mobilisées par les résidents de ces foyers pour communiquer avec les autres par rapport au contexte et aux interlocuteurs. La vitalité ethnolinguistique d’une langue comme le soninké, le contact des langues africaines entre elles d’une part et entre celles-ci et le français (langue de l’ex-colonisateur et du pays d’accueil) d’autre part dans les foyers de travailleurs migrants, le tout avec les modes de réappropriation et de reconfiguration de ces espaces d’accueil sont au centre de nos réflexions. / Our research focuses on relations between African languages, identities and linguistic practices in migration situation and draws on the work lying in the fields of linguistic anthropology and sociology of immigration. From land conducted in three outbreaks of migrant workers in Montreuil, a suburb east of Paris region, we explore the methods employed by the residents of these homes to communicate with others in relation to the context and interlocutors. Ethnolinguistic vitality of a language as the Soninke, the contact of African languages among themselves and between them and the French (the language of the former colonizer and the host country) in the other workers hostels migrants, with all modes of appropriation and reconfiguration of the reception areas are central to our thinking.

This thesis explores the communication of health knowledge among new parents in Sweden. Based on three separate studies, the thesis employs a selection of theoretical concepts and methodological approaches, mainly originating from mediated discourse analysis and linguistic anthropology. Study 1 takes a broad view on the object and asks how knowledge circulates and emerges in a particular arena for parental knowledge. Drawing on nine months of online fieldwork on a discussion forum thread for expectant parents, the study shows that communication of knowledge is engendered by entextualizations and recenterings of previous experiences, including encounters with discourse. This fact challenges categorical conceptions that construct some sources of health knowledge as trustworthy and others as unreliable, and thus, potentially harmful. Study 2 narrows the focus to professionals typically perceived as producers of parental health knowledge, namely, midwives who give prenatal education classes. Drawing on a dataset comprising observations of classes as well as interviews with midwives, the study throws analytical light on anticipatory discourse, that is, discourse designed to dictate and influence the future, and elucidates some of the ways in which midwives prepare the participants for their upcoming delivery by discursively constructing links to these future events. Study 3, finally, takes the perspective of a single individual in whose life several forms of communicated parental knowledge converge as she becomes a mother. The study focuses on a period during which this individual struggles with breastfeeding problems. A combination of the notions of interdiscursivity and the historical body is here employed to grasp this experience as shaped in relation to discourse regarding child care and health. Looking at narrative data through this lens, the study shows how this individual connects failure to follow official breastfeeding recommendations to failure to perform child care in an appropriate way. At heart, the study makes a case for the moral loading of health knowledge and cautions against the assumption that authoritative medical knowledge is the only means for taking action that a new mother might need. In conclusion, the present thesis utilizes a combination of theoretical and methodological tools from MDA and linguistic anthropology to enable a discourse analysis of health communication that privileges a view of language in use as accumulating vis-à-vis engendering meaning over time and in relation to social action. Invoking the notion of ideologies of communication, it demonstrates that parents’ knowledge about their children’s health is a non-neutral issue, and that instrumental aspects of parental health knowledge can never be isolated from moral ideas regarding how particular parenting practices are to be carried out. At the same time, the thesis points out that while representatives of institutions of the welfare state may produce messages to communicate health knowledge, the knowledge obtained by individuals is the product of myriad discursive encounters and other experiences, of which the discourse produced by representatives of state institutions constitutes only one share. / <p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Submitted. Paper 3: Accepted.</p>

Zara Neale Purston has re-emerged as an author of promise due to the re-appraisal of her works led by Alice Walker and Robert Hemenway. In both literary and folklore academic circles, Hurston's work has been reclaimed by African-American female scholars and writers, but still a significant study has yet to be done about her ethnographic contributions to folklore and her farsightedness in fieldwork methodology. This thesis seeks to validate her work as a folklorist, thereby dismissing the charges of popularization and amateurishness by re-examining her work. Mules and Men and Jonah's Gourd Vine are Hurston's two most influential folklore texts and will be evaluated for their approach and contribution to the study of ethnography.

Analysis of theme, style and structure of the chanted sermons of a Virginia preacher shows that the chanted sermon is a powerful ritualistic expression in certain communities. As practiced among Afro-American groups the chanted sermon is a ritual expression which serves to resolve conflicts, affirm values, and meet certain socio-psychological needs.

Orientador: Antônio Suárez Abreu / Banca: Gladis Massini-Cagliari / Banca: Renata Maria Facuri Coelho Marchezan / Banca: Eloísa Cerdan Del Lama Barbieri / Banca: Lúcia Mosqueira de Oliveira Vieira / Resumo: Apresentamos uma pesquisa sobre um grupo de falantes de uma região rural conhecida como Dourados, no município mineiro de Patrocínio e egressos dessa região, residentes nessa cidade. O falar característico desse grupo, propagado por diversas gerações, distingue esses falantes das demais comunidades. Partimos da hipótese de que o aspecto cômico provocado pela ambigüidade nas construções realizadas por esse grupo é determinado, na maioria dos casos, pela relação metafórica e metonímica e pelos efeitos da projeção de imagens, localizando a metáfora no modo de conceptualizar um domínio mental em termos de um outro. Sem perdermos o foco da análise lingüística, dedicamos em tempo à pesquisa histórica e antropológica, para apresentar o grupo em seu contexto histórico-social. Assim, este trabalho se constitui em uma investigação de variação lingüística que, passando pela abrodagem da Teoria dos Espaços Mentais, de Fauconnier (1998), caracteriza-se como um estudo nos campos da Ling"'istica Cognitiva e tem uma relação com o quadro da Sociolingüística Antropologia Lingüística. O modelo dos "espaços mentais"proposto por constituem o aporte teórico para tentar explicar os processos cognitivos que se estabelecem na mente desses falantes, quando se envolvem em um evento de fala. Concluímos que a fala, aparentemente peculiar do grupo, é também apresentada em outras comunidades, pois, conforme Lakoff e Johnson (1980), a maior parte de nosso sostema conceptual é metaforicamente estruturado, ou seja, é parcialmente compreendido em termos de outros conceitos. / Abstract: We present a research about a group of speakers from a rural region known as Dourados, in the city of Patrocínio, state of Minas Gerais, and also former inhabitants of this region who moved to the city mentioned. The peculiar speech of this group, propagated for various generations, distinguishes these speakers from other communities. Believing the hypothesis that the comic aspect brought by the ambiguity in the constructions produced by this group is determined in most cases, by the metaphoric and metonymic relation and by the effects of image projection, locating the metaphor in the way of conceptualizing a metal domain in terms of another. We dedicate some time to a historical and anthropological research, intending to present the group in its socio-historical context without, however, losing the focus of the linguistic analysis. Thus, this work constitutes an investigation of a linguistic variety which, going through the approach of the Mental Space Theory, of Fauconnier (1998), which is characterized as a study in the fields of Cognitive Linguistics and has a relation to Sociolinguistics and Linguistic Anthropology, as well. The model of "mental spaces"proposed by Fauconnier (1997, 1998) and the metaphoric mapping of Lakoff (1993) and Lakoff and Johnson (2002) will constitute our theoretical support in order to try to explain the researched community when they are involved in a speech act. Thus, we conclude that the speech, apparently peculiar of the grouop, is also presented in other linguistic communities, for according to Lakoff and Johnson (1980), a major part of our conceptual system is metaphorically structured, which means, it is partially understood in terms of other concepts. / Doutor

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Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le domaine de la sociolinguistique et de l’anthropologie linguistique. De nature descriptive et qualitative, elle porte sur la commutation de code entre les langues ouïghoure et chinoise. L’étude se base sur un corpus composé de données ethnographiques, linguistiques et conversationnelles, recueillies entre 2012 et 2013 dans la ville de Ürümchi, capitale de la Région Autonome du Xinjiang, à travers des observations de terrain et d’enregistrements de conversations spontanées.L’analyse porte sur les caractéristiques structurelles de la commutation de code, sur ses aspects pragmatiques et socio-culturels ainsi que sur la valeur idéologique de cette pratique linguistique. La nature complexe du phénomène et le contexte historique et politique de la région du Xinjiang nous ont conduite à insérer les phénomènes de commutation de code dans une dimension interdisciplinaire. Par conséquent, l’étude prend en compte différents facteurs, micro- et macro-, de nature politique et sociale : les politiques linguistiques menées par le gouvernement chinois, la relation diglossique entre le ouïghour et le chinois, les caractéristiques urbaines de la ville de Ürümchi et les relations ethniques entre Ouïghours et Chinois Han. L’étude a donc pour objectif la présentation de la commutation de code ouïghour-chinois en tant que pratique langagière complexe, dans laquelle entrent en jeu les traits structurels des deux langues, les besoins interactionnels, les changements culturels et sociaux, ainsi que les dynamiques identitaires. / This thesis is related to the field of sociolinguistics and linguistic anthropology. Its nature is descriptive and qualitative and deals with code switching between Uyghur and Chinese. The study is based on a corpus made of ethnographic, linguistic and conversational data, gathered in the city of Ürümchi, capital of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in 2012 and 2013, through field observations and recording of spontaneous conversation. The analyses focus on the structural characteristics of code switching, on its pragmatic and sociocultural aspects, as well as on the ideological value of this language practice. Because of the complex nature of the phenomenon as well as the historical and political context of Xinjiang region, this study inserts Uyghur-Chinese code switching in an interdisciplinary dimension. Therefore, it takes into account different factors, micro- and macro- of political and social nature, within them language policies brought by the government, the diglossic relations between Uyghur and Chinese, Ürümchi urban characteristics and the ethnic relationships between Uyghurs and Han Chinese. The study aims at presenting Uyghur-Chinese code switching as a complex language practice, in which come into play structural features, cultural and social changes, as well as construction identity dynamics.

Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le domaine de la sociolinguistique et de l’anthropologie linguistique. De nature descriptive et qualitative, elle porte sur la commutation de code entre les langues ouïghoure et chinoise. L’étude se base sur un corpus composé de données ethnographiques, linguistiques et conversationnelles, recueillies entre 2012 et 2013 dans la ville de Ürümchi, capitale de la Région Autonome du Xinjiang, à travers des observations de terrain et d’enregistrements de conversations spontanées.L’analyse porte sur les caractéristiques structurelles de la commutation de code, sur ses aspects pragmatiques et socio-culturels ainsi que sur la valeur idéologique de cette pratique linguistique. La nature complexe du phénomène et le contexte historique et politique de la région du Xinjiang nous ont conduite à insérer les phénomènes de commutation de code dans une dimension interdisciplinaire. Par conséquent, l’étude prend en compte différents facteurs, micro- et macro-, de nature politique et sociale : les politiques linguistiques menées par le gouvernement chinois, la relation diglossique entre le ouïghour et le chinois, les caractéristiques urbaines de la ville de Ürümchi et les relations ethniques entre Ouïghours et Chinois Han. L’étude a donc pour objectif la présentation de la commutation de code ouïghour-chinois en tant que pratique langagière complexe, dans laquelle entrent en jeu les traits structurels des deux langues, les besoins interactionnels, les changements culturels et sociaux, ainsi que les dynamiques identitaires. / This thesis is related to the field of sociolinguistics and linguistic anthropology. Its nature is descriptive and qualitative and deals with code switching between Uyghur and Chinese. The study is based on a corpus made of ethnographic, linguistic and conversational data, gathered in the city of Ürümchi, capital of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in 2012 and 2013, through field observations and recording of spontaneous conversation. The analyses focus on the structural characteristics of code switching, on its pragmatic and sociocultural aspects, as well as on the ideological value of this language practice. Because of the complex nature of the phenomenon as well as the historical and political context of Xinjiang region, this study inserts Uyghur-Chinese code switching in an interdisciplinary dimension. Therefore, it takes into account different factors, micro- and macro- of political and social nature, within them language policies brought by the government, the diglossic relations between Uyghur and Chinese, Ürümchi urban characteristics and the ethnic relationships between Uyghurs and Han Chinese. The study aims at presenting Uyghur-Chinese code switching as a complex language practice, in which come into play structural features, cultural and social changes, as well as construction identity dynamics.

Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le domaine de la sociolinguistique et de l’anthropologie linguistique. De nature descriptive et qualitative, elle porte sur la commutation de code entre les langues ouïghoure et chinoise. L’étude se base sur un corpus composé de données ethnographiques, linguistiques et conversationnelles, recueillies entre 2012 et 2013 dans la ville de Ürümchi, capitale de la Région Autonome du Xinjiang, à travers des observations de terrain et d’enregistrements de conversations spontanées.L’analyse porte sur les caractéristiques structurelles de la commutation de code, sur ses aspects pragmatiques et socio-culturels ainsi que sur la valeur idéologique de cette pratique linguistique. La nature complexe du phénomène et le contexte historique et politique de la région du Xinjiang nous ont conduite à insérer les phénomènes de commutation de code dans une dimension interdisciplinaire. Par conséquent, l’étude prend en compte différents facteurs, micro- et macro-, de nature politique et sociale : les politiques linguistiques menées par le gouvernement chinois, la relation diglossique entre le ouïghour et le chinois, les caractéristiques urbaines de la ville de Ürümchi et les relations ethniques entre Ouïghours et Chinois Han. L’étude a donc pour objectif la présentation de la commutation de code ouïghour-chinois en tant que pratique langagière complexe, dans laquelle entrent en jeu les traits structurels des deux langues, les besoins interactionnels, les changements culturels et sociaux, ainsi que les dynamiques identitaires. / This thesis is related to the field of sociolinguistics and linguistic anthropology. Its nature is descriptive and qualitative and deals with code switching between Uyghur and Chinese. The study is based on a corpus made of ethnographic, linguistic and conversational data, gathered in the city of Ürümchi, capital of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in 2012 and 2013, through field observations and recording of spontaneous conversation. The analyses focus on the structural characteristics of code switching, on its pragmatic and sociocultural aspects, as well as on the ideological value of this language practice. Because of the complex nature of the phenomenon as well as the historical and political context of Xinjiang region, this study inserts Uyghur-Chinese code switching in an interdisciplinary dimension. Therefore, it takes into account different factors, micro- and macro- of political and social nature, within them language policies brought by the government, the diglossic relations between Uyghur and Chinese, Ürümchi urban characteristics and the ethnic relationships between Uyghurs and Han Chinese. The study aims at presenting Uyghur-Chinese code switching as a complex language practice, in which come into play structural features, cultural and social changes, as well as construction identity dynamics.