In the twenty-first century, there are still many difficulties arise on software development. For example, the growing commercial demand variability, but the software maintainable level over time becoming less and less. We have to raise the importance of software design. Using good software design approachs to face the increasingly complex commercial demand. Therefore, this study analyzed the large-scale enterprise systems for the software design problems. Based on the theory of software design, software design methodology, software architecture, design pattern and design principle, this study introduce three software design approachs:"Flexible Integration Design", "Loosely Coupled Design", and "Parameter Table Design". Using the extensibility, flexibility, pluggability and reuseability to design system integration solutions: "Unified Accounting Rule Table" and "Unified Interface". This will help the large-scale enterprise systems for software development to increase quality and efficiency.

In this thesis, a loosely coupled Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) analysis method is developed for the solution of steady state missile/rocket aeroelastic problems. FLUENT is used as the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tool to solve Euler equations whereas ANSYS is used as the Computational Structural Dynamics (CSD) tool to solve linear structural problem. The use of two different solvers requires exchanging data between fluid and structure domains at each iteration step. Kriging interpolation method is employed for the data transfer between non-coincident fluid and structure grids. For mesh deformation FLUENT&rsquo / s built-in spring based smoothing approach is utilized. The study is mainly divided into two parts. In the first part static aeroelastic analysis for AGARD 445.6 wing is conducted and the results are compared with the reference studies. Deformation and pressure coefficient results are compared with reference both of which are in good agreement. In the second part, to investigate possible effects of aeroelasticity on rocket and missile configurations, static aeroelastic analysis for a canard controlled generic slender missile which is similar to a conventional 2.75&rdquo / rocket geometry is conducted and results of the analysis for elastic missile are compared with the rigid case. It is seen that the lift force produced by canards and tails lessen due to deformations, stability characteristics of the missile decreases significantly and center of pressure location changes due to the deformations in the control surfaces.

Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) and Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers are sensors that are widely used for land vehicle navigation. GPS receivers provide position and/or velocity data to any user on the Earth&rsquo / s surface independent of his position. Yet, there are some conditions that the receiver encounters difficulties, such as weather conditions and some blockage problems due to buildings, trees etc. Due to these difficulties, GPS receivers&rsquo / errors increase. On the other hand, IMU works with respect to Newton&rsquo / s laws. Thus, in stark contrast with other navigation sensors (i.e. radar, ultrasonic sensors etc.), it is not corrupted by external signals. Owing to this feature, IMU is used in almost all navigation applications. However, it has some disadvantages such as possible alignment errors, computational errors and instrumentation errors (e.g., bias, scale factor, random noise, nonlinearity etc.). Therefore, a fusion or integration of GPS and IMU provides a more accurate navigation data compared to only GPS or only IMU navigation data. v In this thesis, loosely coupled GPS/IMU integration systems are implemented using feed forward and feedback configurations. The mechanization equations, which convert the IMU navigation data (i.e. acceleration and angular velocity components) with respect to an inertial reference frame to position, velocity and orientation data with respect to any desired frame, are derived for the geographical frame. In other words, the mechanization equations convert the IMU data to the Inertial Navigation System (INS) data. Concerning this conversion, error model of INS is developed using the perturbation of the mechanization equations and adding the IMU&rsquo / s sensor&rsquo / s error model to the perturbed mechanization equation. Based on this error model, a Kalman filter is constructed. Finally, current navigation data is calculated using IMU data with the help of the mechanization equations. GPS receiver supplies external measurement data to Kalman filter. Kalman filter estimates the error of INS using the error mathematical model and current navigation data is updated using Kalman filter error estimates. Within the scope of this study, some real experimental tests are carried out using the software developed as a part of this study. The test results verify that feedback GPS/INS integration is more accurate and reliable than feed forward GPS/INS. In addition, some tests are carried out to observe the results when the GPS receiver&rsquo / s data lost. In these tests also, the feedback GPS/INS integration is observed to have better performance than the feed forward GPS/INS integration.

The execution of parallel discrete event simulation across metacomputing infrastructures is examined. A master/worker architecture for parallel discrete event simulation is proposed providing robust executions under a dynamic set of services with system-level support for fault tolerance, semi-automated client-directed load balancing, portability across heterogeneous machines, and the ability to run codes on idle or time-sharing clients without significant interaction by users. Research questions and challenges associated with issues and limitations with the work distribution paradigm, targeted computational domain, performance metrics, and the intended class of applications to be used in this context are analyzed and discussed. A portable web services approach to master/worker parallel discrete event simulation is proposed and evaluated with subsequent optimizations to increase the efficiency of large-scale simulation execution through distributed master service design and intrinsic overhead reduction. New techniques for addressing challenges associated with optimistic parallel discrete event simulation across metacomputing such as rollbacks and message unsending with an inherently different computation paradigm utilizing master services and time windows are proposed and examined. Results indicate that a master/worker approach utilizing loosely coupled resources is a viable means for high throughput parallel discrete event simulation by enhancing existing computational capacity or providing alternate execution capability for less time-critical codes.

The purpose of this study is to explore and interpret the different meanings and consequences of diversity and its associated practices for the police organization in Sweden. By highlighting possible discourses on the concept of diversity within the police organization and how the police organization presents the concept of diversity, based on that, contribute to an increased understanding of the police organization’s diversity work. Our study is based on a qualitative method, discourse analysis, which has helped us collect the empirical material. The purpose with discourse analysis is to interpret what is written, therefore this study is based on our own interpretations of the empirical material. The empirical material that consists of the police policy documents has in turn been analyzed based on Carol Bacchi’s “What’s the problem represented to be-approach” (WPR-approach) and the neo-institutional theory where concepts such as isomorphism and loosely coupled occur. When studying the police organization, the concept of diversity is seen to be common. The police highlights the importance of having diversity within their organization, which can be seen to have emerged over time. The result of this study indicates that the police organization works actively to make equal treatment a natural part of the organization today. This includes wanting to reflect society and they believe that diversity entails different skills which they want to utilize within the organization. The study also describes three different problem representations which we have identified in the empirical material. These problem representations have in turn helped us to highlight different discourses about the concept of diversity, which has contributed to an increased understanding of the police organization’s diversity work.

This thesis presents an investigation of the possibility of using the fixed-point arithmetic in the inertial navigation systems, which use the local level navigation frame mechanization equations. Two square root filtering methods, the Potter's square root Kalman filter and UD factorized Kalman filter, are compared with respect to the conventional Kalman filter and its Joseph's stabilized form. The effect of rounding errors to the Kalman filter optimality and the covariance matrix or its factors conditioning is evaluated for a various lengths of the fractional part of the fixed-point computational word. Main contribution of this research lies in an evaluation of the minimal fixed-point arithmetic word length for the Phi-angle error model with noise statistics which correspond to the tactical grade inertial measurements units.

Dagens organisationer kontrolleras allt mer, där granskning och mätning tenderar att genomföras av all dokumentation som behandlats i offentlig verksamhet. I förlängningen är utredningar i offentlig verksamhet idag en vanligt förekommande arbetsuppgift för HR specialister och syftet med studien är att undersöka betydelsen av utredningar i kommuner. För att kunna utreda olika typer av ärenden som kan innefatta både arbetsrättsliga och arbetsmiljömässiga problem krävs vissa kunskaper. Mer specifikt innebär det att undersöka betydelsen av och kompetensförutsättningar för utredningar utförda i tre olika kommuner ur ett HR-perspektiv. Under tidigare forskning behandlas frågan om kontroll av medarbetares arbete, ansvarsutkrävning av professioner, värdeskapande organisationer, organisatoriskrättvisa samt, betydelsen av kunskap och New Public Management (NPM), en styrform som vunnit allt mer mark i offentlig verksamhet. Teorier som använts som grund för att analyserainsamlad empiri kring utredningar och dess betydelse är legitimitet, HR-transformation, ny institutionell teori, isomorfism och isärkoppling. För att kunna utreda olika typer av ärenden som kan innefatta både arbetsrättsliga och arbetsmiljömässiga problem krävs vissa kunskaper. Studiens resultat visar att HR-specialister anser att utredningar är betydelsefulla i offentlig verksamhet, både för de individer det berör men även för arbetsmiljön som helhet. De understryker vikten av kunskap i utredningsmetodik för att kunna genomföra utredningar av god kvalitet. Resultatet ger en indikation på att HR-specialister i offentlig verksamhet ser utredningar som värdefulla handlingar som kan bidra till en bättre arbetsmiljö. Dock saknas i organisationerna strukturer för återkoppling och uppföljning av genomförda utredningar, 3vilket innebär att det saknas en vetskap bland respondenterna om vad som sker efter en utfördutredning.