Inaug.-Diss.--Tübingen. / Vita. Bibliography: p. 337-344.

Located approximately in the middle of the central Mediterranean channel, the Maltese Archipelago was touched by the historical events that effected the political, economic and cultural environment of Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. The islands were close to the major maritime routes throughout history and they were often on the border between clashing military, political, religious, and cultural entities. For these reasons, the islands were presumed to have been strategically and economically important, and, thus, frequented by ships. An underwater archaeological survey around the archipelago revealed the scarcity of submerged cultural remains, especially pertaining to shipping and navigation. Preliminary findings elucidate a story that contrasts with the picture presented by modern history and historiography. In this sense, a comparison of the underwater archaeological data with the information gathered through a detailed study of Maltese maritime history clearly shows that the islands were attributed an exaggerated importance in historical texts, due to political and religious trends that are rooted in the period during which the islands were under the control of the Order of Saint John. An objective investigation of the historical and archaeological material provides a more balanced picture, and places the islands in a Mediterranean-wide historical framework from the first colonization of the archipelago eight thousands years ago to the twentieth century.

År 1921 gav luftmaktsteoretikern Guilio Douhet ut sitt första verk; The Command of the Air. Douhets teorier skulle snart spridas över hela världen och han är idag en av de mest kända luftmaktsteoretikerna. I den här uppsatsen kommer först Douhets luftmaktsteorier skalats ned och begripliggöras, vitala begrepp som t ex luftherravälde kommer att klargöras. Med hjälp av stödpunkter som har sitt ursprung i teorierna har sedan en fallstudie gjort på slaget om Malta. Maltas strategiska placering i Medelhavet gjorde att ön år 1940 drogs in i det andra världskriget. I fallstudien har författaren försökt att lyfta fram tyngdpunkter som har kopplingar till Douhets teorier i syfte att undersöka i vilken utsträckning som teorierna är användbara i analyserandet av en verklig händelse. Fallstudien har skett ur ett så neutralt perspektiv som möjligt då alla inblandade parter har analyserats mot Douhets teorier. Undersökningen visar att man till stor grad kan nyttja Douhets luftmaktsteorier för att analysera slaget om Malta under andravärldskriget, och säkerligen även många andra slag.

The main aim of this research was to investigate the conditions that influence and shape the occupational perceptions of principals; systematically observe primary school principals in the islands of Malta, and to contrast these findings with the perceptions of a group of deputy principals. To achieve this aim three studies were conducted. The first study employed a self-administered questionnaire survey method employed with all principals in primary schools (i. e. state, church and private). 'Discussions with parents', 'discussions with staff' and 'desk work' have been highlighted as the major job functions taking up most of the principals' time. Half of the respondents rated 'desk work' as their majorjob function. The Maltese principal tended to perceive his/her role as falling within the chief executive model. The principal's duties related largely to the division and allocation of work, the co-ordination and control of organisational activities, communication with parents and staff, maintaining discipline and order, and maintaining the level of resources and plant upkeep. This survey, however, shows that principals wanted to take on functions within the leading professional model. In the second study, an observational study was conducted with the aim of checking out some of the perceptions principals held towards their role and to add another dimension to the overall picture by identifying what principals actually did in their daily life at work. The study explored the work patterns of eight primary school principals in the state sector. The observational study attested to the multi-varied nature of the principal's role. The principal's day was generally hectic in pace, varied in its composition, discontinuous and superficial in any pursuit of tasks, with the unexpected always as one of the few certainties of thejob. The principal's energy was observed as being devoted to keeping the school ticking over in the short run with hardly any time being devoted to discuss matters of direct relevance to the teaching-learning process, such as classroom practice, curriculum review and update. The dominant model was that of the transactional leader who is fixing things, managing and coping in order to maintain the smooth operation of the organisation. As highlighted in the questionnaire survey principals devoted their time to administration, pastoral care and communication with parents. Little to no time was stated as being devoted to high value tasks such as strategic planning and curriculum review. The portrayal of Maltese primary school principals is that they are not so much reflective or transformational leaders, rather they are chronically busy, reactive as against proactive, and caught up in, and tied down by the unceasing demands of others for their attention. The present research seems to have identified the transactional nature of leadership as the main medium of interaction that the primary school principals opted for. Bearing in mind the present period of changes and development of school management practices in Malta, it was felt appropriate to seek feedback from deputy principals whose own role was undergoing change. A small group of twenty newly-appointed deputy principals were approached to view how they perceived the role of the principal. At the same time it sought to identify their perceptions of their own role, and get an indication of how they viewed tomorrow's principalship. This, it was felt, would provide data as to how Maltese administrators in general viewed their role. Deputy principals presented similar feedback to that presented by principals. The major difference being in the way deputy principals perceived tomorrow's principalship – one which went beyond the transactional model of principal as administrator to the transformational model of principal as leading professional. However, nothing conclusive can be drawn out. There is a strong indication that principals and deputy principals desire this move but some responses express a certain degree of inconsistency which shows that the implications behind the transformational model are not well and truly understood by the participants of this survey. The implications of the findings for today's and tomorrow's principalship were discussed.

No description available.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Hamburg, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references and index.

Loin d’être une nouveauté, les revendications fascistes autour de « l’italianité » de la Corse et de Malte prennent la suite des campagnes irrédentistes de l’époque crispienne. A partir de 1923, les mêmes arguments d’ordre géographique, historique, linguistique ou ethnographique, tout comme les supposés liens culturels entre les élites italiennes, corses et maltaises du XIXe siècle, furent à nouveau au coeur du débat. Cette défense d’une l’italianité corse et maltaise, tout comme le mythe du Risorgimento méditerranéen, ne constitue cependant qu’une réactualisation de la politique impérialiste de la Rome antique dans le Lebensraum italien qui se concrétise autour du concept de Mare Nostrum.Cette recherche a ainsi permis de combiner l’étude des structures de sociabilité culturelle et scientifique liés à la valorisation linguistique avec une nouvelle l’analyse de la politique méditerranéenne de l’Italie fasciste, tout en gardant une approche sociale et politique des réseaux et vecteurs internes de l’autonomisme corse et du nationalisme maltais. En abordant la question de l’irrédentisme en Corse et à Malte émerge alors le problème de la proximité linguistique des idiomes locaux avec la langue italienne. Dans les deux cas, nous nous heurtons à une des plus délicates questions de l’histoire corse et maltaise: le désir d’autonomie et indépendance. Les fascistes, en s’appuyant sur des arguments d’ordre culturel et en faisant appel aux revendications des populations issues des mauvaises conditions économiques, ont cherché à rallier à la cause irrédentiste les plus fervents opposants aux gouvernements français et anglais: les membres du Parti Corse d’Action (PCA) et du Parti Nationaliste Maltais. Ce problème linguistique qui aurait dû se cantonner à un débat purement scientifique, a ainsi été dévoyé sur le terrain politique au profit des irrédentistes fascistes et des nationalistes corses et maltais. / In 1923 the Fascist regime began a propaganda campaign by claiming the territories of Corsica and Malta, held by France and Great Britain, that were deemed to be Italian lands. The Fascist regime produced literature on Corsica and Malta that justified that both islands were Italian lands based on historic, ethnic, and linguistic grounds. The Fascists quoted historical, geographical, linguistic, ethnographic and cultural relations between the Italian peninsula and the island elite during the nineteenth century, in order to present evidence of the Italianità of Corsica and Malta. The Fascist regime activate cultural institutions and the majority of the Italian intellectuals in order to justify, on the ideological level, the irredentist and imperial ambitions in the Mediterranean basin. This research aims to investigate the myth of the Risorgimento Mediterranean, a myth that was created in order to explain to Italian public opinion the Mussolini's foreign policy regarding Corsica and Malta. The myth of the Risorgimento Mediterranean created a strong link between the imperial mission of ancient Rome and the "Mediterranean destiny" of the House of Savoy. It gradually became a prevalent subject in Fascist publications and writings of personalities of the Italian cultural life. This study aims to examine the distance and the convergence between the mythological construction of the Risorgimento Mediterranean and the reality of the Fascist territorial claims in the Mediterranean, in particular on Corsica and Malta.

This thesis attempts to identify the philosophy, key questions and priorities behind the trust laws of Jersey and Malta. By wide accord, the Jersey law has served as a model in many ways to its later Maltese counterpart. This affinity is placed against the similar background of either jurisdiction, which embraced, to varying degrees, both the Civil Law tradition and Common Law influence. The analysis is advanced through the different moments of the trust, from its creation to termination. Nevertheless, the underpinning focus and thrust is on the civilian identity of either trust. It considers whether, and how far, the fundamental Civil Law concepts and language play a defining role in their civilian configuration. The question is asked whether the creation of the trust and the duties of a trustee can possibly be classified as obligational or contractual, or maybe something else. The nature and character of the beneficiary’s rights are also reviewed. The overarching role of good faith and civil responsibility, along with their extent of interaction with traditional Equity fiduciary duties, are weighed, an assessment naturally following from the civilian flavour attributed to the trusts. The conceptual overlapping between the Roman-Civil law fiducia, and related figures such as the mandat prêt-nom, with the Equity fiduciary duties, is assessed. The role, even if subsidiary, of civilian unjustified enrichment, remains an ever-present relevant factor. Sham trusts and simulatio, the Pauline fraud and legitim are considered in the context of the civilian identity of these trusts. The discussion then engages with the other strand of the thesis, being the role of the governing law, as the ‘mind’ behind the trust legislations assessed. The discussion engages with the question whether the trusts fall on the side of respect for the ‘autonomie de la volonté des parties’ or on other policy determinants behind the law.

This thesis stems from academic research following my MPhil in 1992. It presents a portfolio of fourteen selected papers offering insights on major issues affecting the accountancy-related areas of external auditing (EA) and corporate governance (CG) in the small state of Malta. The commentary (Chapter 1) presents a background to the development of the portfolio and overviews the theoretical framework and methodology. It then introduces each paper, underlining common sub-themes. The contributions of the papers to knowledge are then indicated by (i) overviewing the development of each sub-theme contributing to the academic discourses in EA and CG, and (ii) laying out the relevance to the wider debates relating to small state literature. The commentary concludes by looking at the follow-up research agenda and the beckoning future. Chapters 2 to 15 then reproduce fourteen papers an introductory paper and thirteen others in two parts. The introductory paper includes most major small state sub-themes recurring in different ways in the subsequent papers: issues relating to close relationships and independence, discipline, resistance to change, regulation, secrecy, small business units and other small state issues. The following first part includes seven papers on Maltese external auditing in owner-managed companies, auditor changes, auditor perceptions, qualified opinions, first-time auditor selection, fee development and dysfunctional audit behaviour. The second part then comprises six papers on Maltese CG including the CG statement, internal audit benchmarking, conflicts of interest in co-operatives, the board/management relationship, a CG index, and small shareholder participation in the AGM. The portfolio contributes to literature notably by its original highlighting of the significance of the above-mentioned sub-themes on various aspects of EA and CG in a small state. Furthermore, the portfolio impacts Maltese EA and CG practices, particularly by emphasising the need to go beyond the adoption of imported regulatory frameworks.

Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Control de Gestión / La aplicación de un sistema de control de gestión, es fundamental para poder medir, controlar y gestionar los procesos dentro de una empresa, para la realización del proyecto de grado sea elegido como unidad estratégica de negocios la división de extracto de malta de Malterías Unidas, esta se dedica a la producción y comercialización de dicho producto. Los clientes principalmente son grandes empresas de alimentos que utilizan el extracto para sus procesos productivos como galletas, modificadores de leche y cereales los principales clientes se encuentran en la costa pacifico de Latinoamérica son Nestlé, Global, Carozzi y Alicorp, la competencia es a nivel mundial principalmente por parte de Nestlé Singapur. En este trabajo se aborda las declaraciones estratégicas actuales para analizar en forma críticas y proponer una nueva misión, visión y valores. Posteriormente se presenta el análisis en el ámbito interno y externo del ambiente en cual se desenvuelve la DEM, se desarrollan las principales fortalezas, oportunidades, amenazas y debilidades de las conclusiones obtenidas del FODA se sustentara la formulación estratégicas de la cual realizamos la propuesta de valor con los atributos diferenciadores, se presenta la relación entre la propuesta de valor con el FODA. También se desarrolla el modelo de negocio (Canvas), para identificar los elementos que generan valor a la unidad estratégica, una vez concluido se presenta el mapa estratégico que nos permite graficar una representación visual de las relaciones causa-efecto entre los componentes de la estrategia, estas relaciones nos dan cuenta de los procesos críticos de la propuesta de valor, para alinear a los miembros de la unidad para alcanzar los objetivos estratégicos se desarrolla el cuadro de mando integral para identificar los responsables, estableciendo indicadores y metas. Posteriormente se desarrollan los ejes estratégicos, el tablero de gestión y de control identificando a los responsables, los indicadores, metas y bonos por cumplimiento, se desarrolla una propuesta de incentivos para la DEM.