Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-10-21T16:50:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandogralhadesouza.pdf: 9296619 bytes, checksum: 8d00bb96895cc1d8ee021e9e196f089e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-12-15T11:43:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandogralhadesouza.pdf: 9296619 bytes, checksum: 8d00bb96895cc1d8ee021e9e196f089e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-15T11:43:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandogralhadesouza.pdf: 9296619 bytes, checksum: 8d00bb96895cc1d8ee021e9e196f089e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-10-23 / O objetivo deste trabalho é perceber o modo como, no Rio de Janeiro da belle époque, a idéia de carioca, de modernidade e seus contrapontos são construídos, pensados, dados a ver através da fotografia de Augusto Malta. Procuramos, portanto, compreender como Malta, enquanto sujeito social, apresenta a sociedade carioca elaborando representações através de imagens fotográficas. Mostrar como estas imagens descrevem a realidade da belle époque carioca não como um espelho, mas como uma “visão de mundo” entre outras possíveis, como uma interpretação daquilo que a sociedade era no momento do click do fotógrafo ou, daquilo que ela poderia vir a ser no futuro. Entendemos, portanto, a obra do fotógrafo Augusto Malta como uma determinada “prova visual” do contexto de belle époque carioca, que sempre encontrou-se entre dois modos de existência: como mensagem direta, objetiva, culturalmente consagrada pela sua origem de tecnologia aplicada e aparentemente sem necessidade de decodificações, e como uma mensagem polissêmica, dúbia, refratora da realidade. / The objective of this paper is to perceive the way as, in Rio de Janeiro of belle époque, the idea of Carioca, the modernity and its counterpoints are constructed, thought and given to understand through the photography of Augusto Malta. We aim, therefore, to understand as Malta, while social person, presents the Carioca society elaborating representations through photographic images. We intend to show as these images describe the reality of belle époque Carioca, not as a mirror, but as a “vision of world”, among other possibilities as an interpretation of what the society was at the moment of click of the photographer or, of what it could be in the future. We understand, thus, the workmanship of the photographer Augusto Malta as one particular “visual proof” of the Carioca context of belle époque, which was be always between two ways of existence: as direct, objective message, culturally established by its origin of applied technology and, apparently, without necessity of decodings, and as a polissemic message, ambiguous, that give us the refraction of the reality.

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The thesis is focused on the Maltese economy and the Maltese position in the European Union. In the first part, there are analysed strong and weak points of the economy and outlined its future development. The second part is oriented on the Maltese position in the European Union and country's priorities in the group.

The aim of this study is to compare two Swedish and two Maltese textbook series in mathematics in the Swedish grade 4 from a mathematical didactic perspective, focusing on how fractions is presented, such as for instance as a number, part of a whole, part of a number, division as a metaphor or a scale, and visualized. The study is based on a comparative approach in which the teaching materials analysed represents their respective countries and schools. Four questions are addressed in this study. These are: 1. What share of the problems in the analysed books covers fractions? 2. How is the subject of fractions presented in the analysed books from Sweden and Malta respectively, for instance as a number, part of a whole, part of a number, with division as metaphor or as a scale? And which is the most common? 3. How is the subject of fractions visualized and how many times does this occur in the analysed pages? 4. What similarities and differences is there regarding the presentation and visualization of the field of fractions between the textbooks analysed from Sweden and Malta? The chosen textbooks from Sweden are Koll på matematik 4A and B and Matte Eldorado 4A and B. The ones from Malta are the textbook serie Abacus for Malta Number 6, Textbook 1 and 2 and the textbook series Busy Ant Maths 6A, B and C. The theoretical framework consists of Karlsson and Kilborn`s definition of the theory ‘konkretisering’, visualizing, and the different way fractions can be presented in. The results show that the analyzed books from Sweden mainly present fractions with division as a metaphor and the visualizing was mainly through everyday connection and through both the inductive and deductive method. The textbook from Malta mainly presents fractions as a number and the visualizing was in wording through the deductive method.

Malta hat in der Geschichte durch seine günstige Lage mitten im Mittelmeer eine bedeutende Rolle bespielt. Die Phönizier, ein Seefahrervolk, das ursprünglich von der heutigen Libanonküste stammt, haben die Insel für ihre Zwecke strategisch und wirtschaftlich genutzt. Diese Dissertation beschäftigt sich mit der phönizischen Epoche auf Malta. Im Besonderen wird der Zeitraum zwischen 1000 und 500 v. Chr. untersucht. Die Arbeit fokussiert sich auf das Keramikrepertoire und die Kleinfunde, die in den Zeitraum eingeordnet werden. Das erste Kapitel befasst sich mit der aktuellen Forschungsliteratur rund um die Phönizier. Identität, Sprache und Herkunft der Bewohner der heutigen Libanonküste stehen hierbei besonders im Vordergrund. Das darauffolgende Kapitel leitet zur aktuellen Forschungsgeschichte zu den Phöniziern auf Malta über. Fragen nach der Chronologie, des Keramikrepertoires, des Heiligtums Tas-Silġ und nach der einstigen phönizischen Siedlung werden unter anderem behandelt. Der Hauptteil der Studie befasst sich mit der systematischen Bearbeitung der Keramik und der Kleinfunde. Eine Formenanalyse von jeder Form wird sowohl bei der Keramik als auch bei den Kleinfunden durchgeführt. Insgesamt wurden 680 Objekte in der Studie untersucht. 554 Keramikobjekte und 126 Kleinfunde. Der Schlussteil befasst sich mit den Ergebnissen der Studie. Insbesondere wird die Hypothese hervorgehoben, die besagt, dass ein „Inselnetzwerk“ zwischen den Phöniziern geknüpft wurde, die schon früh Sizilien, Sardinien, Nordafrika und Malta besiedelten. Um diese These besser zu belegen, werden Vergleichsmodelle zu Handelsnetzwerken aus der Antike und aus dem Mittelalter herangezogen. / Malta played an important role in history because of its specific location right in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea. The Phoenicians, a seafaring nation who is originated at today’s Lebanon coast, did use the island for strategic and economic purpose. That dissertation deals with the Phoenician epoch on Malta. In special analyzing focus stands the period between 1000 and 500 B.C. The study focuses the ceramic repertoire and the small finds which are classified into that period. The first chapter consider the current research literature concerning the Phoenicians. Identity, language and the origin of the inhabitants of the nowadays Lebanon coast are in special interest. The next chapter is leading to the research literature concerning the Phoenicians on Malta. Amongst others it deals with questions about chronology, the ceramic repertoire, the sanctuary of Tas-Silġ and the erstwhile phoenician settlement. The main chapter of this study considers a systematic analysis of the ceramic and the small finds. An analysis of every specific shape of the ceramic items and the small finds is made. 680 objects have been observed in total. 554 ceramic objects and 126 small finds. The last chapter deals with the results of the study. Especially emphasized is the hypothesis, that the early phoenician settlers were creating an “island-network” between Sicily, Sardinia, North Africa and Malta. For proving this thesis much better, comparison models were used which comes from the antiquity and from the middle ages.

Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt das Bibliothekswesen auf den Maltesischen Inseln. Einleitend werden Länderinformationen, Informationen zur maltesischen Sprache und zu Schul- und Berufsausbildung gegeben, gefolgt von einem Überblick über die maltesische Druckgeschichte, dem Buchmarkt und der Pflichtexemplarregelung auf den Inseln. Im Hauptteil wird auf Unterhaltsträger von maltesischen Bibliotheken eingegangen und alle bekannten Bibliothekstypen vorgestellt. Innerhalb der verschiedenen Bibliotheksgruppen wird mindestens eine Bibliothek anhand ihrer Funktion, Mitarbeiter, finanziellen Situation, vorhandenen Sammlungen, Erschließungsinstrumenten und Benutzungsmodalitäten detailliert dargestellt. Andere Bibliotheken des gleichen Bibliothekstyps werden genannt, Besonderheiten werden erörtert. Des Weiteren wird ein Überblick über die Möglichkeiten bibliothekarischer Ausbildung gegeben. Die beiden bibliothekarischen Berufsverbände MaLIA und MSLA werden kurz anhand ihrer Aufgaben und Tätigkeiten dargestellt. Ausführliche Informationen über die Literaturversorgung der Malteser durch Bibliotheken und die Struktur des Bibliothekswesens in Malta werden in der Zusammenfassung erörtert. Der Text wurde gelegentlich durch graphische Darstellungen ergänzt. Im Anhang der Arbeit befinden sich unter anderem Adressverzeichnisse der bekannten öffentlichen und wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken sowie Karten im DIN A3 Format, auf welchen die Bibliotheken verzeichnet wurden. Die Diplomarbeit basiert auf Literaturstudium, Befragungen per E-Mail und Experteninterviews.

The study examined how the introduction of high-speed internet into a rural community affected audience members' use of their local radio station. A qualitative case study was guided by uses and gratifications and niche theory. The author conducted interviews with KMMR FM audience members in Malta, Montana, to investigate how the introduction of high-speed internet impacted listener habits. Twenty participants who either listened to or produced content for KMMR FM were interviewed. The author performed a thematic analysis of different uses for the radio guided by typologies created by Rubin (1983), Palmgreen and Rayburn (1979), and Katz, Haas, and Gurevitch (1973). The results showed the internet and the radio gratify different needs for audience members: radio was used the most for local information and the internet for more specialized needs that could not be met by the radio. The findings also showed that the radio is important in fostering a sense of social cohesion within the community

Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt das Bibliothekswesen auf den Maltesischen Inseln. Einleitend werden Länderinformationen, Informationen zur maltesischen Sprache und zu Schul- und Berufsausbildung gegeben, gefolgt von einem Überblick über die maltesische Druckgeschichte, dem Buchmarkt und der Pflichtexemplarregelung auf den Inseln. Im Hauptteil wird auf Unterhaltsträger von maltesischen Bibliotheken eingegangen und alle bekannten Bibliothekstypen vorgestellt. Innerhalb der verschiedenen Bibliotheksgruppen wird mindestens eine Bibliothek anhand ihrer Funktion, Mitarbeiter, finanziellen Situation, vorhandenen Sammlungen, Erschließungsinstrumenten und Benutzungsmodalitäten detailliert dargestellt. Andere Bibliotheken des gleichen Bibliothekstyps werden genannt, Besonderheiten werden erörtert. Des Weiteren wird ein Überblick über die Möglichkeiten bibliothekarischer Ausbildung gegeben. Die beiden bibliothekarischen Berufsverbände MaLIA und MSLA werden kurz anhand ihrer Aufgaben und Tätigkeiten dargestellt. Ausführliche Informationen über die Literaturversorgung der Malteser durch Bibliotheken und die Struktur des Bibliothekswesens in Malta werden in der Zusammenfassung erörtert. Der Text wurde gelegentlich durch graphische Darstellungen ergänzt. Im Anhang der Arbeit befinden sich unter anderem Adressverzeichnisse der bekannten öffentlichen und wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken sowie Karten im DIN A3 Format, auf welchen die Bibliotheken verzeichnet wurden. Die Diplomarbeit basiert auf Literaturstudium, Befragungen per E-Mail und Experteninterviews.:Abkürzungsverzeichnis 5 Darstellungsverzeichnis 6 1 Einleitung 7 2 Die Maltesischen Inseln 11 2.1 Landeskundliche Informationen 11 2.2 Sprache und Bildung 12 2.3 Buchwesen und Pflichtexemplarregelung 17 3 Bibliotheksvielfalt 24 3.1 Unterhaltsträger maltesischer Bibliotheken 24 3.2 National Library of Malta 27 3.3 Public Libraries 41 3.4 Bibliotheksarbeit für Kinder und Jugendliche 52 3.5 Academic Libraries 65 3.6 Special Libraries 76 4 Bibliothekarische Ausbildung 89 5 Bibliothekarische Berufsverbände 95 6 Zusammenfassung 101 Literatur- und Quellenverzeichnis 106 Anlagenverzeichnis Anlagen

[pt] A cidade do Rio de Janeiro, da primeira década do século XX, e a sua ambiência cultural são tomadas como os principais interlocutores para esta tese, que se dedica a refletir, a partir de três eixos temáticos, a relação entre distintos atores e a cidade. O primeiro eixo articula três movimentos: uma investida no Rio de Janeiro em busca das identidades ou especificidades; a retomada de alguns argumentos presentes na literatura acadêmica que contribuíram mais diretamente para a elaboração das distinções entre o espaço da capital e os lugares da cidade; e reflexões sobre as relações entre projetos de civilização, cultura e progresso com as reformas dirigidas pelo governo do presidente Rodrigues Alves e as reformas do prefeito Pereira Passos, a partir de visões diferenciadas sobre a cidade e a capital. O segundo eixo articula quatro movimentos: no primeiro deles o cronista João do Rio e a cidade do Rio de Janeiro são postos frente a frente como sujeitos, considerando que ambos interfiram mutuamente na visão construída de/por um e outro; nos três movimentos seguintes se estabelecem diálogos entre o cronista João do Rio e alguns contemporâneos seus, observando o jogo de ondulação entre algumas fronteiras dos sistemas de interpretação. O terceiro eixo é composto por três movimentos: o primeiro deles entretece os campos da fotografia e da memória; o segundo questiona sobre os estatutos que a fotografia assumiu desde a sua aparição no século XIX; e o terceiro observa o ofício do fotógrafo Augusto Malta como um lugar privilegiado para inventariar as transformações que aconteciam na cidade, de modo que algumas fotografias das séries Kiosques e Avenida Central são analisadas com a finalidade de distinguir algumas visões construídas sobre a modernidade carioca. / [en] The city of Rio de Janeiro, especially in the first decade of the twentieth century and its cultural environment are considered as key partners for this thesis, which is concerned to think three wide themes from the relationship between different actors and the city. The first bundle articulates three movements: an attempt in Rio, to seek the identity or specific features; recap some points presented in academic literature that most directly contributed to elaborate distinctions between the space of the capital and city places; and reflections on the possible links between projects of civilization, culture and progress during reforms led by President Rodrigues Alves and the mayor Pereira Passos, from differing views over the city and the capital. The second line works a ratio of four movements: first, the chronicler João do Rio and the city of Rio de Janeiro are placed facing each other as subjects, whereas both interfere with one another on the built each other s vision; in the three following movements, there are dialogues established between João do Rio and some of his contemporaries, watching the game waving borders between some of the systems of interpretation. The third and final axis consists of three movements: the first one interweaves the fields of photography and memory; the next inquires on the statutes that photography has taken since its appearance in the nineteenth century; and the third notes the job of the photographer Augusto Malta as a privileged spot to list the changes that happened in the city, so some photos of Central Avenue and snack bar sets are analyzed in order to distinguish, again, some views on modernity constructed in Rio.

This paper is about problem solving. One common result of previous research is that pupils’ learning is greater in classrooms where they are engaged in problem solving tasks that are cognitively demanding. Therefore the purpose of this study is to analyse the didactic choices two teachers make when they are using mathematical problem solving in their classrooms. One teacher in Sweden who teaches pupils’ mathematics in grade 4 and one teacher in Malta that teaches mathematics in Year 6 takes part in the study. The pupils in both Sweden and in Malta are 10 years of age. Three questions directed this study: How cognitively challenging are problem solving tasks in the Swedish and Maltese mathematics classroom? How does a teacher in Sweden and a teacher in Malta define and exemplify the concept of problem solving? What similarities and differences are there between the Swedish and Maltese mathematical classrooms regarding two teachers’ didactic choice of mathematical problem solving, and the teachers working methods around these tasks? The study was based on observations and interviews. The purpose of the interviews was to get answers to how the teachers interpret the concept of problem solving and how they relate to it. The aim of the observations was to see how the teachers involved incorporate problem solving during the maths lessons and how the tasks carried out are cognitive. The results show that in the Swedish and the Maltese mathematical classroom, the teachers give reference to and work with cognitive demanding tasks that require a connection to conceptual and procedural knowledge. The differences between the two observed classrooms are significant. The teacher in Sweden provides space for discussion and creative reasoning and pupils often solve mathematical problems individually. The teacher in Malta provides students with mathematical skills of how pupils can solve mathematical problems using different models. The pupils in Malta are often working on problems together, with the teacher in a dialog.