Magistro baigiamajame darbe „Įmonių vidinė komunikacija valdymo struktūroje“ analizuojama įmonių vidinė komunikacija ir jos efektyvumo bruožai valdymo struktūroje praktiniu ir teoriniu aspektu, parengiamas bendras evektyvios vidinės komunikacijos proceso ir valdymo struktūros modelis, apimantis visus valdymo struktūros tipus. Teorinėje dalyje yra apžvelgiamos komunikacijos, organizacinės komunikacijos ir vidinės komunikacijos sampratos, funkcijos, tikslai ir uždaviniai. Analizuojami galimi informacijos perdavimo kanalai, organizacinių valdymo struktūrų schemos bei vidinės komunikacijos sąsaja su valdymo struktūra, jos proceso perteikimas / pavaizdavimas valdymo struktūros schemoje. Siekiant pagrindinio tikslo parengti bendrą vidinės komunikacijos proceso ir valdymo struktūros modelį, visų pirma sudaromi teoriniai matricinės, funkcinės ir divizinės valdymo struktūros modeliai. Sudarytuose modeliuose atsispindi literatūroje autorių aprašyti vertikalūs („aukštyn“, „žemyn“) ir horizontalūs komunikacijos srautai bei grįžtamasis ryšys. Siekiat tikslumo ir pagrįstumo, toliau teoriniai modeliai yra tikrinami ir tobulinami praktiniu aspektu. Empirinėje darbo dalyje analizuojamos 30 skirtingų įmonių formaliai patvirtintos valdymo struktūros schemos, grupuojant į pasirinktas analizuoti matricines, funkcines ir divizines valdymo struktūrų grupes. Šios grupės analizuojamos atskirai, remiantis papildoma informacija apie įmonių dydį, darbuotojų skaičių ir veiklą, ieškant... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In the final thesis of master degree named “Internal communication of organisations in management structure” the effectiveness of internal communication of organizations in management structure is analyzed from both practical and theoretical side. Also, joint models of effective internal communication process and management structure by types were created. For more information, in the theoretical part of this thesis communication, organizational communication and internal communication definitions, functions, objectives and tasks are over viewed. Also, communication channels, organizational structure models and connections between internal communication and management structure, it‘s process integration inside the scheme of management structure is analyzed. According to the main goal to create the joint model of internal communication process and management structure, firstly theoretical models of matrix, functional and divisional management structures were created. These models show matrix/functional/divisional organizational structure schemes with in literature by authors described horizontal (“upward”, “downward”) and vertical communication flows, also feedback. In order to improve and to substantiate these models there was a decision to check them practically. So, empirical part of this thesis starts with analysis of 30 different randomly selected companies with formally approved schemes of management structure. These schemes were grouped in to 3 groups of... [to full text]

Yes / The “50/50”, or the shared management international joint venture (shared IJV) remains a popular and yet challenging control structure to govern IJVs. The purpose of this study is to understand the post-formation management of shared IJVs, specifically the relationship between shared structure, relational conditions and management of post-formation challenges. Our evidence is based on 26 in-depth interviews across four cases of shared IJVs between British multinationals and Asian companies. Our findings indicate that the highly integrative nature of shared IJVs, including high operational interdependence and shared decision-making, encourages partners to work closely together, communicate frequently and intensely and exchange personnel. Although share management can lead to inter-partner conflicts, the equal investment and mutual responsibility partly provides partners with motivation and opportunities to learn about each other, to better implement the control structure, to build trust, and to commit to the venture and partner. These relational conditions facilitated the successful management of post-formation challenges such as diversity related conflicts and macro volatility.

This thesis is a total coverage survey of the municipal preschool management structure. In the late 90's the preschool in Sweden became the first step in the overall educational system. It became a pedagogical activity similar to school with respect to form and content. Although the focus was on education, political voices reclaimed the unique nature of preschool i.e. educare. It became a preschool in transition between its own tradition and modernization. The idea is that the educational management structure should support a pedagogical leadership that directs the pedagogical activity towards preschool objectives. The local authority sets the structure for management in pre-school; a municipality that in itself is an institution with its own goals and objectives. These objectives can place the municipalities in the cross pressure between their own objectives and the ones for preschool. The question in this respect is; How is the management structure formed and why? Is it a structure formed with the intention of creating educational management for the local preschool or are there other factors that guide the design? A framework based on the historical background of the preschools and theoretical terms such as steering, leading, management, pedagogical leadership, educational activity, etc. was constructed. Results are based on an online questionnaire survey. 180 municipalities out of 290 answered the questionnaire, which gives a response rate at 62 %. The response rate is evenly distributed across municipal categories, categories that the municipalities were aggregated into, formed by The Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions. The categories were handled as survey units, to support a part of the analysis and to allow a comparison between the municipalities by municipality size, both demographic and geographic. The material was analysed using the SPSS statistical program and compiled and reported with descriptive statistics. Descriptive statistics were used to demonstrate the material's characteristics and the central tendency. The results show that the municipalities’ structure of management is varied. Different municipal categories do not change this varied picture of the management landscape significantly. Although the management structure varies regarding how many levels with formal titles and which positions and functions they should have, there is a consistency in which title that the formal leader for the preschool have. The municipalities primarily utilisea principalship with mixed responsibility for both preschool and school. In light of these results, do municipalities mould a structure for the educational management for the pedagogical activities in preschool? Yes and no: the municipalities do not form a structure for preschool alone. Results show that the municipalities' main purpose is not to create a line of management specifically for the preschool. The municipalities form a management structure for educational purposes dealing with an educational activity from preschool to elementary school. The new Education Act (2010:800), is a step toward distinguishing preschool leadership from school leadership and turns the leadership of preschools into a title solely for the position and function of preschool educational activities.

In order to gain more profit and be superior to others in an environment full of intense competitions, enterprises nowadays not only have to maintain the original product quality, price, and sale passageways but also need to enhance the service quality, in an attempt to increase customers¡¦ satisfaction degree and faithfulness degree. According to the newly published ISO 9001: 2000 Customer Satisfaction Management Structure, the priority in the operating system of quality management has become customers. As a result, one of a manager¡¦s responsibilities now includes emphasizing customers¡¦ relationship management and utilizing operating strategies, which customers are satisfied. The research, which consists of China Steel Chemical Corporation¡¦s new version of ISO 9001: 2000 Customer Satisfaction Management Structure, results from the collected references and information regarding customers¡¦ satisfaction degree, along with customers¡¦ opinions obtained from thorough meetings. It analyzes certain key factors affecting customers¡¦ satisfaction degree. The research-investigating subject is all the customers, who have purchased or used the products and enjoyed the service of China Steel Chemical Corporation during the time period from April 1st, 2002 to March 31st, 2003. Survey questionnaires are also examined to measure the customers¡¦ satisfaction level, so as to evaluate the entire quality of a series of coal tar products. In the meanwhile, in order to assist China Steel Chemical Corporation to meet the standards of ISO 9001: 2000 Customer Satisfaction Management Structure, procedures, which are deliberately used for estimating the customers¡¦ satisfaction degree index, are also established. The study eventually analyzes the relationship between the total quality of the coal tar products and the customers¡¦ satisfaction degree and the correlation between the customers¡¦ satisfaction degree and faithfulness degree. Following the construction of a scale measurement, the research discovers that the entire quality of the coal tar industry products is composed of the service quality and the original product quality, which includes products, sales, prices, communications, and product deliveries. Accordingly, the higher the entire quality of the products is, the higher the customers¡¦ satisfaction degree becomes. Moreover, the study also finds out that the higher customers¡¦ satisfaction degree significantly indicates the higher customers¡¦ faithfulness degree, for the customers will be more willing to purchase the products again as well as recommend others to buy the products. In addition, after developing the procedures to assess the product quality of the coal tar industry from a variety of aspects, the research reveals that by simply consulting the handy evaluation procedures, a manager will be able to come up with other suitable ways to resolve the customers¡¦ complaints as well as improve the product and service quality. The established system that combines information of the product quality and the customers¡¦ satisfaction degree, can effectively and completely reflect the customers¡¦ feedbacks. Thus, it indeed provides enterprises with valuable references in the process of improving the entire product quality efficiently. ¡iKey Words¡j: coal tar, customers¡¦ satisfaction degree, Customer Satisfaction Management Structure, service quality, customers¡¦ faithfulness degree

Magistro darbe nagrinėjama suformuluota problema – kaip statybines paslaugas teikiančių įmonių organizacinės valdymo struktūros atitinka teorinius modelius. Darbe išanalizuoti ir susisteminti įvairių Lietuvos ir užsienio autorių teoriniai organizacinių valdymo struktūrų modeliai. Praktinėje dalyje pateikiamos Panevėžio statybines paslaugas teikiančių įmonių organizacinės valdymo struktūros, jos išsamiai išanalizuotos, bei pateikti pasiūlymai esamai situacijai pagerinti. / Master's work formulated the problem - as building service companies comply with the organizational management structure of the theoretical models to analyze and codify the various Lithuanian and foreign authors' theoretical models of organizational structures. Practical part presents Panevėžio construction firms organizational management structure, its detailed analysis, and provide suggestions to improve the situation.

Magistro darbe išanalizuotos organizacijų transformavimo koncepcijos, valdymo struktūrų vystymo, projektavimo procesai ir adaptuoti švietimo įstaigai. Darbe atskleisti pagrindiniai mokyklų struktūrų tobulinimo programos diegimo ypatumai išorinėje ir vidinėje Šiaulių Didždvario gimnazijos, kaip gerosios patirties pavyzdžio, aplinkoje. Tyrimo tikslui pasiekti duomenys analizuojami dviem metodais: kiekybiniu (statistinių duomenų analizė) ir kokybiniu (interviu būdu surinktų duomenų analizė). Tyrime dalyvavo 10 gimnazijos specialistų – ekspertų; programos rezultatų analizei panaudoti 2432 mokyklos dokumentai. Tyrimo ataskaitoje patvirtinama, kad mokyklos valdymo struktūros vystymas tobulina organizavimo funkcijos įgyvendinimo procesą įstaigoje. Diagnozavus pasirengimo programos įgyvendinimui eksperimentinėse mokyklose problemas, išanalizavus pagrindinius programos diegimo ypatumus išorinėje ir vidinėje švietimo organizacijos aplinkoje, remiantis mokyklų ekspertų nuomonėmis pateiktas mokyklos struktūros kaitos valdymo modelis, kuris gali būti taikomas ir kitose šalies mokyklose valymo struktūrų kaitos procesui įgyvendinti. / This Master‘s work presents analysis of organization transformation conceptions, management structure development, the process of designing. All these theoretical aspects were adaptated to educational institution. In this work the key aspects of implementation of school structure improvement program in the external and internal environment of an educational Šiauliai Didždvaris gymnasium, in case of sample of good experience, are provided. In order to achieve the aim, data has been analyzed in two methods: quantitative analysis (analysis of statistical data) and qualitative analysis (analysis of interview data). Ten experts of gymnasium participated in the research; 2432 school documents were The findings of the research confirm the need to develop the school management structure, which improve the implementation process of school organization function. Having identified the preparation problems of the program implementation in experimental schools, having analyzed the key features of the program implementation in the external and internal environment of an educational institution, referring to school experts opinions it becomes possible to design the change management model of school organizational structure. This model is suitable for applying in implementation and monitoring of the changing process in all schools throughout the country has not been realized.

Diversos são os direcionadores para a atenção mundial na adoção dos biocombustíveis. Elevados preços do petróleo e aquecimento global figuram entre os principais. Sob esse cenário, vários países investem em pesquisas para encontrar uma fonte de energia limpa produzida em um contexto sustentável. Entre elas está o biodiesel obtido dos óleos vegetais. No Brasil, após a institucionalização da mistura em janeiro de 2008, destacouse a necessidade de realizar estudos aprofundados na seleção da melhor matéria-prima destinada à manutenção do programa brasileiro, além de estabelecer novas áreas de produção que atendam, simultaneamente, a inserção do pequeno agricultor e a produção equilibrada com os alimentos. A produtividade por hectare é identificada a priori como relevante, de modo que este estudo considerou as culturas do dendê e do pinhão-manso como matériasprimas, bases à viabilidade de produção do biodiesel no Brasil. O semi-árido brasileiro foi escolhido devido às grandes extensões de terra produtivas, mas inativas, e aos incentivos federais que proporcionam uma vantagem competitiva no Ambiente Institucional. A metodologia de pesquisa fez uso conjunto da Fenomenologia e dos Estudos de Caso, aplicando a análise na região do Vale do São Francisco. Para a condução da pesquisa foi utilizada a base de dados primários e secundários. O ambiente de pesquisa fez uso do ambiente de campo e do estudo simulado dos dados em planilhas eletrônicas. Os resultados obtidos destacaram o fator produtividade por área plantada e teor de óleo por peso da cultura como dois importantes condicionantes para a viabilidade de produção do biodiesel, além da integração das atividades agrícola e industrial. O estudo finaliza, comprovando a viabilidade de implantar um SAG do Biodiesel na região semi-árida brasileira, fazendo uso das áreas irrigadas e das áreas de sequeiro. / There is a wide guidance to the world\'s attention in the adoption of biofuels. High oil prices and global warming are among the main ones. Under this scenario, several countries have invested in research to find a source of clean energy produced in a sustainable context. Among them is biodiesel made from vegetable oils. In Brazil, after the institutionalization of the mixture in January 2008, the need to conduct studies in the selection of the best raw material for the maintenance of the Brazilian program was highlighted, in addition to establish new areas of production that meet both the insertion of small farmers and balanced production along with food. The yield per hectare is taken as relevant, so this study has taken in account the crops of palm and jatropha curcas as raw materials, considering the feasibility of producing biodiesel in Brazil. The Brazilian semi-arid was chosen because of the large area of productive, but inactive land and federal incentives that provide a competitive advantage in the Institutional Environment. The research methodology made use of all Phenomenology and Case Studies by applying the analysis in the Valley of San Francisco River. To conduct the research, a basis for primary and secondary data was used. The research environment made use of field environment and simulated study of data in spreadsheets. The results highlighted the factor productivity per planted area and oil content by weight of crop as two major constraints to the feasibility for biodiesel production, in addition to the integration of agricultural and industrial activities. The study ends, proving the feasibility of settling a Biodiesel SAG in the semiarid region in Brazil, using irrigated and dry areas.

Diversos são os direcionadores para a atenção mundial na adoção dos biocombustíveis. Elevados preços do petróleo e aquecimento global figuram entre os principais. Sob esse cenário, vários países investem em pesquisas para encontrar uma fonte de energia limpa produzida em um contexto sustentável. Entre elas está o biodiesel obtido dos óleos vegetais. No Brasil, após a institucionalização da mistura em janeiro de 2008, destacouse a necessidade de realizar estudos aprofundados na seleção da melhor matéria-prima destinada à manutenção do programa brasileiro, além de estabelecer novas áreas de produção que atendam, simultaneamente, a inserção do pequeno agricultor e a produção equilibrada com os alimentos. A produtividade por hectare é identificada a priori como relevante, de modo que este estudo considerou as culturas do dendê e do pinhão-manso como matériasprimas, bases à viabilidade de produção do biodiesel no Brasil. O semi-árido brasileiro foi escolhido devido às grandes extensões de terra produtivas, mas inativas, e aos incentivos federais que proporcionam uma vantagem competitiva no Ambiente Institucional. A metodologia de pesquisa fez uso conjunto da Fenomenologia e dos Estudos de Caso, aplicando a análise na região do Vale do São Francisco. Para a condução da pesquisa foi utilizada a base de dados primários e secundários. O ambiente de pesquisa fez uso do ambiente de campo e do estudo simulado dos dados em planilhas eletrônicas. Os resultados obtidos destacaram o fator produtividade por área plantada e teor de óleo por peso da cultura como dois importantes condicionantes para a viabilidade de produção do biodiesel, além da integração das atividades agrícola e industrial. O estudo finaliza, comprovando a viabilidade de implantar um SAG do Biodiesel na região semi-árida brasileira, fazendo uso das áreas irrigadas e das áreas de sequeiro. / There is a wide guidance to the world\'s attention in the adoption of biofuels. High oil prices and global warming are among the main ones. Under this scenario, several countries have invested in research to find a source of clean energy produced in a sustainable context. Among them is biodiesel made from vegetable oils. In Brazil, after the institutionalization of the mixture in January 2008, the need to conduct studies in the selection of the best raw material for the maintenance of the Brazilian program was highlighted, in addition to establish new areas of production that meet both the insertion of small farmers and balanced production along with food. The yield per hectare is taken as relevant, so this study has taken in account the crops of palm and jatropha curcas as raw materials, considering the feasibility of producing biodiesel in Brazil. The Brazilian semi-arid was chosen because of the large area of productive, but inactive land and federal incentives that provide a competitive advantage in the Institutional Environment. The research methodology made use of all Phenomenology and Case Studies by applying the analysis in the Valley of San Francisco River. To conduct the research, a basis for primary and secondary data was used. The research environment made use of field environment and simulated study of data in spreadsheets. The results highlighted the factor productivity per planted area and oil content by weight of crop as two major constraints to the feasibility for biodiesel production, in addition to the integration of agricultural and industrial activities. The study ends, proving the feasibility of settling a Biodiesel SAG in the semiarid region in Brazil, using irrigated and dry areas.

This essay is an analysis of the Swedish crisis management, as a policy subsystem using the Advocacy Coalition Framework. By applying a Causal Process Tracing method, the main issues of division within the policy subsystem will be examined, and the effects of the 2004 South East Asian tsunami as an incitement of policy change. The major finding is that the reforms that followed the tsunami investigations, to a large extent were planned prior to the tragic event, the main changes seem to have been halted by the 2006 election and change of Office. The cross-party coalitions that were found have theoretical implications for the ACF research.

Communities of epigeic beetles were studied in 2 wheat fields (food wheat and feed wheat) in the southern part of the Czech Republic. Climatic and soil conditions on both fields were similar. There were differences between fields regarding field management of wheat: amount of artificial fertilizer, amount of pesticide, preceding crop, surrounding landscape. The higher amount of artificial fertilizer (+ 50 kg/ha of nitrate and + 50kg/ha DAM) and the Karben flo stefes fungicide was applied in food wheat. An intensive conventional system of cultivation is used in surrounding landscape. Epigeic beetles were caught by pitfall traps, 24 species, 6 families and 245 individuals were determined. The family Carabidae was dominant on both fields. Higher species diversity was observed in feed wheat, but this difference was imperceptible. Species were divided according to their ecological preference and human impact on communities was assessed. The field of feed wheat was less anthropogenic influenced but the difference was also imperceptible.