A Cannabis sativa L., conhecida popularmente no Brasil como maconha, tem sido apontada como a droga de uso ilícito de maior consumo no mundo contemporâneo. As análises toxicológicas utilizadas para verificar o seu uso vem ganhando cada vez maior importância em diversos ambientes de trabalho, desportivos, prisões, clínicas para tratamento de farmacodependência, centros de emergência toxicológica, enfermarias de psiquiatria, entre outros. A presença de canabinóides na urina indica o uso de produtos derivados da planta Cannabis. A maioria dos estudos encontrados na literatura especializada se refere ao perfil de eliminação do 11-nor-&#916 9-THC-COOH, principal produto de biotransformação do &#916 9-THC, que, dependendo da sensibilidade e especificidade da técnica analítica utilizada, poderá ser detectado a longo prazo na urina. Uma constante preocupação é determinar o período de detecção, ou seja, o tempo transcorrido desde a interrupção do uso da droga até a obtenção do primeiro resultado negativo na urina. Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar o período de detecção de canabinóides urinários em uma população usuária de Cannabis, residentes em uma clínica de tratamento, pela técnica de imunofluorescência polarizada, considerando 50 ng/mL como valor de referência. Foi avaliada a influência do padrão de uso da droga no período de detecção de canabinóides. Entre os pacientes estudados, o período de detecção foi de grande variação: de 33 a 498 horas. Não houve correlação estatística relevante entre o período de detecção e as variáveis freqüência de uso, tempo total de utilização e quantidade de cigarros utilizada na última exposição. / The marijuana, one of the products originated from the Cannabis sativa L., is the illicit used drug of major consume in the world. The toxicological analysis to verify the use of the drug are increasing importance in several workplaces drug-testing programs, sportive, prisions, drug treatment and rehabilitation clinics, emergency toxicology departments and other. The cannabinoids in urine indicates the exposition of products originated from the Cannabis. An important concern is to determine the detection times of cannabinoids in urine i.e. the time from the use of the drug until the first negative result. Most of the studies in the speciallized literature report the elimination profile of the 11-nor-9-carboxy- &#916 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THCCOOH), which the primary cannabinoid metabolite. According to those studies, the urinary cannabinoids detection times can be made for a long time depending on the sensibility and accuracy of the methods used. The purpose of this work was estudy the detection time of the urinary cannabinoids in the marijuana users population after drug abstaining, by FPIA, using a 50ng/mL cutoff. The pattern in drug use influence on the urinary cannabinoids detection times was evaluated. The detection time in the studied population ranged from 33 to 498 hours. The statistic correlation between the detection time and the drug use pattern was not significant (p&#8804 0,05).

Submitted by Rodrigo Dias (dsdias.rodrigo@gmail.com) on 2018-05-14T20:00:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertation - Rodrigo Dias.pdf: 1200543 bytes, checksum: 55982ff5b80c53cb3762bce772efae63 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ÁUREA CORRÊA DA FONSECA CORRÊA DA FONSECA (aurea.fonseca@fgv.br) on 2018-05-18T21:03:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertation - Rodrigo Dias.pdf: 1200543 bytes, checksum: 55982ff5b80c53cb3762bce772efae63 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-15T12:25:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertation - Rodrigo Dias.pdf: 1200543 bytes, checksum: 55982ff5b80c53cb3762bce772efae63 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-18 / In this paper, we examine why attitudes toward marijuana legalization are split along ideological lines. In a survey, we found that conservatives were more likely to oppose this policy partly because of their greater reliance on the authority and purity foundations of morality. Curiously, concerns about harm were found to play no role in determining attitudes toward marijuana legalization, even though those who were against this policy frequently explained their views with harm-related accounts. In an experiment, we found that opponents of legalization were more likely to adopt a more favorable view towards it when exposed to arguments and sources that were consistent with the authority and purity dimensions of morality. Precisely, subjects who initially opposed legalization were more likely to change their attitudes when exposed to arguments that were based on the purity (vs. harm) foundation of morality, and when they were led to believe that these arguments were given by religious (vs. business) leaders.

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The aim of this thesis is to draw attention to the serious problem of drug addiction among adolescents who are abusing addictive substances or marijuana. This increasingly important issue is discussed a lot, but very often neglected by the society. This thesis provides definitions and characteristics of individual drugs and their effects on adolescents. The need for prevention and treatment of adolescent clients is emphasized, alongside with the family support, which is often crucial. In the practical part, the author of the thesis focuses on organizations that are critically important in this field. These organizations focus on prevention, counseling services, social inclusion and treatment facilities (inpatient and outpatient services), etc. Their characteristics and methods of client treatment are described. Furthermore, in this work the author presents a survey that confirms the findings of some detailed quantitative research papers. The main findings are that drug abuse is a major problem of this century and also a burden on society, especially on the adolescents themselves. The solution is very complicated and time consuming, but everyone can contribute by not being indifferent to this problem.

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