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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Automatisk lockmekanism : från idé till prototyp

Jonsson, Per January 2013 (has links)
Wavecraft AB develops medical equipment for heating of organic synthesises. The heating is done with microwaves, which improves the process in both speed and accuracy compared to the more traditional methods where heating elements are used. This report discusses the developement of an automatic lid mechanism for one of Wavecraft's product prototypes. The company assumes that the final product will be integrated by customers into fully automated systems, and the upgrade from a manually to an automatically controlled lid is therefore an important step in the product's developement process. The first stage och the project was an idea generation process. The ideas generated here were organized into five different concepts of which the best one was selected through the use of a concept matrix. A model of the selected concept was made in SolidWorks and eventually built as a prototype. The result of the project was a mechanism where the lid open and close by a vertically moving block, on the back of the device. The linear movement of the block is aquired through the rotation of a screw, driven by an electrical motor. The mechanism was tested against the company's requirements and showed satisfying results in all areas except for durability. The reason is believed to be the change of components in certain parts of the prototype, due to demands on low cost. If these components were to be manufactured as the report suggests, the mechanism would be expected to gain durability and also meet the durability requirements.
2

Ljud från medicinsk utrustning : - Hur påverkas intensivvårdspatienter

Eriksson, Hilda, Idin, Sofia January 2019 (has links)
Bakgrund: Intensivvårdspatienter utsätts för konstant ljud då miljön innebär kontinuerlig övervakning av medicinsk utrustning. Enligt WHO’s rekommendationer ska ljudnivån inom intensivvården inte överstiga 30–40 dB. När patienterna utsätts för larm och ljud blir sömnen påverkad, vilket förhindrar återhämtning och läkning hos den kritiskt sjuka patienten. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva ljudet från medicinsk utrustning på IVA och hur detta påverkar patienterna och deras sömn. Metod: En integrativ litteraturstudie. Resultat: Ljudet från medicinsk utrustning inom intensivvården översteg ljudnivån för optimal sömn och vila. Patienterna uppfattade ljudet både positivt och negativt. Sömnen kunde bli bättre genom sömnfrämjande åtgärder. Resultatet presenteras utifrån två huvudkategorier; Miljö och Sömnkvalitet med tillhörande subkategorier; Ljudets intensitet, Patienternas tolkning av ljudet, Sömnstörning och Sömnfrämjande åtgärder. Slutsats: Ljudet från medicinsk utrustning påverkade patienterna i olika grad och bidrog till sömnstörning. Genom en ökad kunskap hos intensivvårdssjuksköterskan samt riktlinjer för sömnfrämjande åtgärder kan patienterna få en bättre sömn och vila. I litteraturstudien kartläggs det nuvarande kunskapsläget, vilket visar på kunskapsluckor. Vidare forskning behövs för att öka kunskapsläget inom ämnet. / Background: Intensive care patients are constantly subjected to noise because of the continuously monitoring of medical equipment in a hospital environment. According to WHO’s recommendations the noise levels within the intensive care should not exceed 30-40 dB. When the patients are subjected to alarm and noise their sleep is affected and as a result recovery and healing is negatively affected for the critically ill patient. Aim: The aim of the study was to describe the noise from the medical equipment at the ICU and how it affects the patients and their sleep. Methods: An integrative literature study. Result: The noise from the medical equipment in the intensive care exceeded the noise level for optimal sleep and rest for patients. The patients experienced the noise both positively and negatively. The quality of sleep could be improved by sleep-aiding measures. The result is presented by using two main categories: Environment and Quality of sleep including the following subcategories; Noise intensity, Patient’s interpretation of the noise, Sleep disturbance and Sleep-aiding measures. Conclusion: The noise from the medical equipment affects the patients to different degrees and contributes to their sleep being disturbed. Through improving the knowledge of the intensive care nurse and by introducing clear guidelines for sleep-aiding measures, the patients sleep and rest can be improved. In the literature study the current knowledge levels are mapped out, which shows a lack of knowledge with the intensive care nursing staff. Further research is needed to improve and increase the level of knowledge of the topic.
3

Real-time adaptation of robotic knees using reinforcement control

Daníel Sigurðarson, Leifur January 2023 (has links)
Microprocessor-controlled knees (MPK’s) allow amputees to walk with increasing ease and safety as technology progresses. As an amputee is fitted with a new MPK, the knee’s internal parameters are tuned to the user’s preferred settings in a controlled environment. These parameters determine various gait control settings, such as flexion target angle or swing extension resistance. Though these parameters may work well during the initial fitting, the MPK experiences various internal & external environmental changes throughout its life-cycle, such as product wear, changes in the amputee’s muscle strength, temperature changes, etc. This work investigates the feasibility of using a reinforcement learning (RL) control to adapt the MPK’s swing resistance to consistently induce the amputee’s preferred swing performance in realtime. Three gait features were identified as swing performance indicators for the RL algorithm. Results show that the RL control is able to learn and improve its tuning performance in terms of Mean Absolute Error over two 40-45 minute training sessions with a human-in-the-loop. Additionally, results show promise in using transfer learning to reduce strenuous RL training times. / Mikroprocessorkontrollerade knän (MPK) gör att amputerade kan utföra fysiska aktiviteter med ökad lätthet och säkerhet allt eftersom tekniken fortskrider. När en ny MPK monteras på en amputerad person, anpassas knäts interna parametrar till användarens i ett kontrollerad miljö. Dessa parametrar styr olika gångkontrollinställningar, såsom flexionsmålvinkel eller svängförlängningsmotstånd. Även om parametrarna kan fungera bra under den initiala anpassningen, upplever den MPK olika interna och yttre miljöförändringar under sin hela livscykel, till exempel produktslitage, förändringar i den amputerades muskelstyrka, temperaturförändringar, etc. Detta arbete undersöker möjligheten av, med hjälp av en förstärkningsinlärningskontroll (RL), att anpassa MPK svängmotstånd för att konsekvent inducera den amputerades föredragna svängprestanda i realtid. Tre gångegenskaper identifierades som svingprestandaindikatorer för RL-algoritmen. Resultaten visar att RL-kontrollen kan lära sig och förbättra sin inställningsprestanda i termer av Mean Absolute Error under två 40-45 minuters träningspass med en människa-i-loopen. Dessutom är resultaten lovande när det gäller att använda överföringsinlärning för att minska ansträngande RL-träningstider.

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