This study examines the relationship, or lack thereof, between cultural policy and development at the local government sphere in South Africa and, ascertains the extent to which the City of Tswane Metropolitan Municipality (CTMM), as the focus of the case study, involves culture in its development framework. The research is informed by an observation from internationa best- practices that local government, as a sphere of governance closect to the people, is one of the best platforms on which the centrality of culture in the development matrix of any country is located and upheld. The research was arranged in three sections or phases, namely: exploration, discovery and the consolidation. / African Languages / D. Litt. et Phil.

Thesis (MPA (School of Public Management and Planning))--Stellenbosch University, 2008. / Since its establishment in the 19th century, the City of Johannesburg has metamorphosed from a gold mining dormitory, a segregated town to a modern metropolitan municipality that is one of the flagships of South African municipalities. The formerly apartheid city had the legacy of fragmentation along racial lines based on the disintegrated economic logic that systematically developed areas disproportionately with black urban and peri-urban areas at the mercy of the white urban areas1. The advent of democracy in 1994 necessitated the city’s transformation into a democratic, non-racial, developmental and mega municipality encompassing the townships that were previously on its periphery. This required the national government, as the superior government to formulate a regulatory framework for local government to foster a developmental orientation, democracy, good governance and accountability to the constituent inhabitants, provincial and national government. Similar to all other municipalities country wide, it became paramount to improve the provision of public services to cover the backlogs that were created by the previous separate development policies of apartheid, but specific to Johannesburg, to maintain its position as the biggest city by population, gross domestic expenditure and economic growth. In this study the researcher maintains the seven assumptions advanced by Caiden (1982:14-6) about public administration i.e. that it is unavoidable, expects obedience, has priority, has exceptional size, has political top management, poses difficulties in performance measurement and that more is expected from it. Although public management is not entirely unique in the above ways due to the phenomenon of new public management (NPM), it is easy in the South African context to identify public administration through the schedules in the Constitution (1996), the Public Finance Management Act, 2002 (PFMA)2 and the formation structures of service providing municipal entities. Public policy analysis literature documents the paradigm shift in public management from traditional bureaucratic structure to decentralisation, NPM and policy networks amid the complexity theory in the public service endeavour to provide services. The local legislature i.e. the municipal council is granted the authority over the sphere of work of the municipality and therefore has the final say in the running of the municipality to meet the expectations of the electorate. In this study the researcher focuses on the analysis of the council’s choices of the above public management structures or policies options in exercising its authority. The council has to decide on functional activities i.e. municipal services from what the Constitution (1996) allows and decide on the executive institutions that are tasked to execute the functions within the budgetary allocations. Regarding research methodology, annual reports, departmental reports, AG performance reports, community complaints, council meeting minutes, provincial government reports, national treasury reports and primary data from questionnaires and expert interviews were consulted to answer the questions on the levels effectiveness and efficiency. It was found that the provision of services has substantially improved as from the beginning of the 21st century and the reason for this improvement is the public service reforms that include NPM. The semi permanency of entities and utilities could inhibit the provision of services in future. It was also found that the weaknesses with the utilities and entities can well be covered by the implementation of policy networks and the municipality finds it difficult to cope under exogenous complexity challenges.

Thesis (MDF)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South Africa boasts significant cumulative public-private partnership experience when compared to other African countries. However, little has been done to investigate the success and failure of implemented projects versus those registered on the National Treasury database. There is a limited amount of documented progress of public-private partnerships in South Africa, these being successes and failures in project implementation as well as the contributing factors for such outcomes, and these would serve as critical lessons for future partnerships. The main objective of this study is to investigate the challenges faced in the implementation of municipal public-private partnerships, especially concerning the City of Tshwane’s accommodation public-private partnership. A case study approach was adopted, reviewing the City of Tshwane’s public-private partnership initiative by looking at some of the reported challenges faced as well as the process followed during the implementation of the project. The results of this research assignment indicate that major strides have been made in acquiring sufficient experience and knowledge relating to public-private partnerships as they relate to the South African environment, and the main project team members, who have been involved long enough to understand the objectives of the project. However, of concern is the constant change of project team members taking into account that for each project phase a new team is established. The implication of this is that project knowledge may be lost due to changes in the structure of the project team. It should be noted that at the submission of this assignment the City of Tshwane accommodation public-private partnership was still in progress and in the initial stages of physical construction.

While the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is widely used, it is not seen as the most appropriate to describe responsible business activities in Small, Medium and Micro-sized Enterprises (SMMEs). The concept of Responsible Business Practices (RBP) is better suited to SMMEs, although the theory is still based in the broader literature of CSR. Choices and decisions made by the owners/managers of SMMEs regarding the expenditures for RBP may reflect various influences. These influences may be conscious and purposely orientated toward a personal set of beliefs, but may also be indirectly, subconsciously influenced. This research will explore the influences behind expenditure decisions. Structured questionnaires will be used to reveal conscious influences that play a role in decision-making in SMMEs. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the aspects that consciously influence the decision-makers at SMMEs in Tshwane, South Africa, to expend resources on RBP. The study also aims to determine the awareness of, perceptions about and attitudes towards RBP among SMME decision-makers, as well as to determine the RBP activities SMMEs are involved in. Relationships between the extent of RBP engagement and the level of RBP awareness, the activities involved in, and the respondents’ highest level of education will be discussed. Key differences between the respondents’ age, highest level of education and gender with regards to the influencing aspects are also covered. The study contributes to the body of knowledge on individual-level studies in the RBP field and makes a contribution to the South African SMME literature that focuses on the doing of responsible business. It also addresses the gap in RBP knowledge by investigating the influences on RBP decisions in SMMEs, as the small business decision-making processes might prioritise influencing aspects differently than that in larger organisations. / Business Management / M. Com. (Business Management)

This study examines the relationship, or lack thereof, between cultural policy and development at the local government sphere in South Africa and, ascertains the extent to which the City of Tswane Metropolitan Municipality (CTMM), as the focus of the case study, involves culture in its development framework. The research is informed by an observation from internationa best- practices that local government, as a sphere of governance closect to the people, is one of the best platforms on which the centrality of culture in the development matrix of any country is located and upheld. The research was arranged in three sections or phases, namely: exploration, discovery and the consolidation. / African Languages / D. Litt. et Phil.

The aim of this quantitative study was to develop and validate a model to measure the organisational effectiveness of a metropolitan municipality in South Africa. The literature review phase explored the concept of organisational effectiveness and the assessment thereof in both the Public and Private Sectors. The literature review indicated that there is a clear distinction between business performance (operational and financial performance) and the larger concept of organisational effectiveness, and also that the measurement of organisational effectiveness in the Public Sector differed from the measurement thereof in the Private Sector. The literature review also indicated that measures of Public Sector effectiveness could not be directly applied to measure the effectiveness of Private Sector organisations. From the literature review a proposed theoretical model for measuring the organisational effectiveness of a metropolitan municipality in South Africa was proposed. This proposed model included organisational and behavioural variables contained in traditional approaches to organisational effectiveness, variables that were identified in previous organisational effectiveness studies, as well as variables contained in existing assessment models of organisational effectiveness. This model was then validated during the empirical phase by conducting a survey of an existing metropolitan municipality in South Africa (n = 6514) and exposing the results of the survey to Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The confirmatory factor analysis conducted as part of SEM subsequently identified three main and 10 secondary statistically significant organisational and behavioural variables that could be used to measure the effectiveness of a metropolitan municipality in South Africa. The three main variables identified were (1) Healthy Systems, (2) Goal Achievement and (3) Service Delivery, while the 10 secondary variables identified were (1) Diversity, (2) Training & Development, (3) Rewards & Recognition, (4) Management Practices, (5) Internal Functioning, (6) Work Environment, (7) Interpersonal Relations, (8) Workforce Equity, (9) Customer Satisfaction and (10) Vision & Mission. It was thus recommended that metropolitan municipalities in South Africa could use this validated model as an assessment framework to measure their current organisational effectiveness, to identify aspects which need to be rectified to improve effectiveness, and to compare and benchmark their municipality in order to learn from other metropolitan municipalities to improve their effectiveness. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / D. Admin. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)

Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Technology: Public Management in the Faculty of Business at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology 2013 / This study investigated the role of the informal business sector in local economic development with reference to Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM) as one of the possible solutions to deal with socio-economic challenges in the region. This study described the state of the informal business sector, the contributions thereof in local economic development, and the level of responsiveness from local authorities in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality. A survey questionnaire was administered to informal business actors in BCMM and semi-structured interviews were conducted with BCMM managers in the Business Development and Local Economic Development Directorates who were purposively selected because of the positions that they hold in the municipality. This study found that the informal business sector is underdeveloped in BCMM, and is imbued with development challenges, namely; support services such as infrastructure (designated municipal trading stalls) and access to financial support and the lack of strategy/policy dedicated to the prioritisation of the needs of the informal business sector. The informal business sector in BCMM is dominated by small and micro businesses. The municipality acknowledges the contributions of the informal business sector in local economic development from a job creation (selfemployment) and poverty alleviation perspective. However, the business environment of the informal business actors requires urgent development and support to stimulate and encourage the gains of this sector and the role that it plays on local economic development.

The aim of this study was to examine the management of parent involvement in historically disadvantaged secondary schools in Tshwane West district, Gauteng. A literature study was undertaken to investigate the existing theories and models of parent involvement as well as their practical application. A literature study was also done to explore the historical development of the management of parent involvement in South Africa. The advantages of and barriers to parent involvement were also investigated through the review of both local and international literature. An interpretive, qualitative approach was adopted and an investigation of the management of parent involvement was conducted in three of the selected historically disadvantaged secondary schools in Tshwane West district, Gauteng. In-depth interviews were conducted with principals and focus-group interviews were held with three teachers as well as three members of the School Governing Bodies of each of the three selected schools. The overall impression was that the extent of parent involvement in the education of their children was very minimal due to the inability of the School Management Teams, especially school principals, to initiate, facilitate and sustain organisational structures and management processes which would ensure the effective involvement of parents in the education of their children. As a result of those findings, it was realised that a need existed to equip members of the management teams, including school principals, with appropriate skills that would assist in the implementation and sustenance of effective parent involvement programmes. / Educational Leadership and Management / M. Ed. (Education Management)

This research focused on evaluating and comparing the perceptions, water-use behaviour, water conservation awareness and overall water stewardship of participants residing in Hammanskraal and Atteridgeville who have experienced intermittent water supply in their domestic households – due to either water contamination incidents caused by dilapidated infrastructure or water restrictions implemented by the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality during the 2016–2017 drought in the Gauteng Province. The research concluded that the municipality needs to implement proactive water conservation awareness initiatives on an ongoing basis to reduce high water demands and to create a culture of water stewardship, especially in Atteridgeville. Transparent communication is also required from the municipality to instil the necessary trust among the public. It is recommended that the municipality attends to water leaks and ongoing complaints from the public timeously to reduce the current apathy from the public against reporting water-related issues and to ultimately ensure compliance to water restrictions. / Hierdie navorsing fokus op die evaluering en vergelyking van deelnemers wat in Hammanskraal en Atteridgeville woon se persepsies, waterverbruiksgedrag, waterbewaringsbewustheid en algehele waterrentmeesterskap, wat onderbroke watervoorsiening in hulle huishoudings ervaar het – as gevolg van waterbesoedelingsvoorvalle wat deur vervalle infrastruktuur veroorsaak is en waterbeperkings wat deur die Stad Tshwane Metropolitaanse Munisipaliteit gedurende die 2016 tot 2017-droogte in Gauteng ingestel is. Die navorsing het tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat die munisipaliteit proaktiewe waterbewaringsbewustheidsinisiatiewe op ’n deurlopende grondslag moet implementeer om hoë wateraanvraag te verminder en ’n kultuur van waterrentmeesterskap, veral in Atteridgeville, te skep. Deursigtige kommunikasie word ook van die munisipaliteit vereis om die nodige vertroue by die publiek te kweek. Daar word aanbeveel dat die munisipaliteit betyds aandag aan waterlekkasies en deurlopende klagtes van die publiek sal gee om die huidige onverskilligheid van die publiek by die aanmeld van waterverwante aangeleenthede te verminder en om uiteindelik te verseker dat die publiek die waterbeperkings eerbiedig. / Patlisiso ena e ne e tsepame hodima ho lekola le ho bapisa maikutlo, boitshwaro ba tshebediso ya metsi, tsebo ka poloko ya metsi le tlhokomelo e akaretsang ya metsi ke bankakarolo ba dulang Hammanskraal le Atteridgeville ba bileng le phepelo ya metsi e kgaohang malapeng a bona – e ka ba ka lebaka la diketsahalo tsa tshilafatso ya metsi e bakilweng ke dipeipi tse senyehileng kapa ho kgaolwa ha metsi ho kentsweng tshebetsong ke Masepala wa Motsemoholo wa Metropolitan wa Tshwane nakong ya komello ya 2016–2017 porofenseng ya Gauteng. Patlisiso e fumane hore masepala o hloka ho kenya tshebetsong matsholo a ho atisa tsebo ka poloko ya metsi ka mokgwa o tswellang e le ho fokotsa tlhokeho e phahameng ya metsi le ho theha ditlwaelo tsa tlhokomelo ya metsi, haholo ho la Atteridgeville. Ho boetse ho hlokeha puisano e hlakileng e nang le ponaletso ho tswa ho masepala e le hore setjhaba se be le tshepo ho ona. Ho kgothaletswa hore masepala a sebetsane le diketsahalo tsa ho dutla ha metsi le ditletlebo tse tswellang tse tswang ho setjhaba ka potlako e le ho fokotsa maikutlo a ho tsotelle a tswang ho setjhaba mabapi le ho tlaleha mathata a amanang le metsi le ho netefatsa hore batho ba latela melawana ya phokotso ya metsi. / Geography / M. Sc. (Geography)

Text in Afrikaans / In this study the relationship between political decision making, spatial change and provision of selected municipal services was investigated. Legislation and policy, spatial demarcation and local government structures are determined by political decision making on various government levels. The international system as well as the local history and factors leading to spatial change impact on municipal demarcation and service delivery. Demographic change due to re-delimitation of boundaries, densification within the area of jurisdiction and immigration imply that service requirements change. In 1994/5, the rural and residential areas were incorporated to the former Verwoerdburg and formed the Southern Pretoria Metropolitan Substructure (Centurion). In December 2000 Centurion lost its autonomous status and was incorporated as administrative unit into the larger Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality. Restructuring have implications for the political representation of communities, the spatial extension of service networks, priority areas, and the location of service provision points. / In hierdie studie is die verband tussen politieke besluitneming, ruimtelike verandering en die lewering van geselekteerde munisipale dienste ondersoek. Wetgewing en beleid, ruimtelike afbakening en plaaslikeowerheidstrukture word deur politieke besluitneming op verskillende regeringsvlakke bepaal. Die internasionale sisteem, asook plaaslike historiese gebeure en aanleidende faktore tot ruimtelike verandering het 'n impak op beide munisipale afbakening en dienslewering. Demografiese verandering as gevolg van die herbepaling van grense, verdigting binne die regsgebied en immigrasie impliseer dat diensbehoeftes verander. Landelike en residensiele gebiede is in 1994/5 by die voormalige Verwoerdburg geinkorporeer om die Suidelike Pretoria Metropolitaanse Substruktuur (Centurion) te vorm. In Desember 2000 het die Stadsraad van Centurion sy outonome status verloor en is as administratiewe eenheid by die groter Tshwane Metropolitaanse Munisipaliteit geinkorporeer. Herstrukturering het implikasies vir die politieke verteenwoordiging wat gemeenskappe geniet, die ruimtelike uitbreiding van diensnetwerke, prioriteitsgebiede en die plasing van dienstevoorsieningspunte. / Geography / M.A. (Geografie)