Le glycérol, principal coproduit de l’industrie du biodiesel (10% massique), représente un solvant et un réactif d’un grand intérêt pour la chimie verte. La déshydratation du glycérol en acroléine est une voie intéressante pour sa valorisation. En effet, cet aldéhyde constitue une molécule plate-forme pour de nombreuses applications. En revanche, il s’agit d’un produit instable, toxique et inflammable, ce qui rend sa manipulation et sa manutention particulièrement dangereuses. Cette difficulté peut être surmontée par une transformation in-situ de l’acroléine formée par déshydratation du glycérol, telle que la réaction de Skraup pour la synthèse de la quinoléine à partir du glycérol et de l’aniline. Le noyau quinoléique se trouve dans des alcaloïdes de plantes médicinales et constitue un composant structurel essentiel de nombreux produits pharmaceutiques. Vu l’intérêt de ces molécules, la réaction de Skraup pour la synthèse des quinoléines s’avère un choix intéressant. Cependant, cette réaction a souvent lieu dans des conditions dures, notamment en utilisant l’acide sulfurique comme solvant, en présence d’un agent oxydant souvent toxique, à hautes températures (T>150°C) pendant plusieurs heures.D’autre part, le chauffage par micro-ondes représente une technologie intéressante capable d’offrir un chauffage volumique efficace du milieu réactionnel, et de réduire les dépenses énergétiques du processus dues aux pertes thermiques et au temps de réaction relativement long. Cette technologie alternative, couplée à l’axe de valorisation du glycérol, représente une voie intéressante de développement pour la chimie verte, et pour l’intensification de procédés plus surs et durables. Dans ce contexte, Le travail présenté dans ce mémoire s’intéresse à la synthèse de quinoléines via la réaction de Skraup en utilisant une technologie alternative de chauffage : les micro-ondes. Une procédure expérimentale plus «verte» est mise au point. A l’échelle du laboratoire, un processus expérimental de synthèse des quinoléines via la réaction de Skraup a été mis au point. A partir de cette étude, l’intensification du procédé à l’échelle pilote a été réalisée. Un réacteur micro-ondes fonctionnant en batch et en continu a été conçu et installé. Le pilote développé permet d’étudier la réaction de Skraup dans les conditions de température et de pression nécessaires. / Glycerol, the main byproduct of the biodiesel industry (10% w/w), is a solvent and a reagent of great interest for green chemistry. Glycerol dehydration to acrolein is an interesting way for its valorization. Indeed, this aldehyde is a platform molecule for many applications. However, it is an unstable, flammable and toxic product, which makes its handling and storage particularly dangerous. This difficulty can be overcome by in-situ conversion of acrolein resulting from glycerol dehydration, such as Skraup reaction for quinoline synthesis starting from glycerol and aniline. Quinoline moiety is found in alkaloids medicinal plants and is an essential structural component of many pharmaceuticals. Since the importance of these molecules, Skraup reaction for the synthesis of quinolines is an interesting choice. However, this reaction requires often harsh conditions, by using sulfuric acid as solvent, in the presence of a toxic oxidizing agent, at high temperatures (T > 150 °C) for several hours.Moreover, microwave irradiation is an interesting technology for chemistry since it can heat homogeneously and quickly a reaction mixture, which can reduce process energy costs resulting from thermal losses and relatively long reaction time. This alternative technology, coupled with glycerol valorization axis, is an interesting development way for green chemistry, and for intensification of safer sustainable processes. In this context, this thesis focuses on the quinolines synthesis via Skraup reaction using an alternative heating technology: microwaves. A greener experimental procedure was developed. At laboratory scale, a greener experimental procedure for quinolines synthesis via Skraup reaction was proposed. On the basis of this investigation, the intensification of a microwave pilot scale apparatus was studied. A microwave reactor operating in batch and continuous conditions was designed and installed. The developed device allowed us to perform the Skraup reaction in the required temperature and pressure conditions.

>Magister Scientiae - MSc / Currently, non-renewable sources are mostly used to meet the ever-growing demand for energy. However, these sources are not sustainable. In addition to these energy sources being not sustainable, they are bad for the environment although the energy supply sectors highly depend on them. To address such issues the use of renewable energy sources has been proven to be beneficial for the supply of energy for the global population and its energy needs. Advantageous over non-renewable sources, renewable energy plays a crucial role in minimizing the use of fossil fuel and reduces greenhouse gases. Minimizing use of fossil fuels and greenhouse gases is important, because it helps in the fight against climate change. The use of renewable energy sources can also lead to less air pollution and improved air quality. Although solar energy is the most abundant source of renewable energy that can be converted into electrical energy using various techniques, there are some limitations. Among these techniques are photovoltaic cells which are challenged by low efficiencies and high costs of material fabrication. Hence, current research and innovations are sought towards the reduction of costs and increasing the efficiency of the renewable energy conversion devices.

The first project in this dissertation presents a simplified and efficient protocol for synthesizing pyrrolines through 5-exo iminyl radical cyclizations. The microwave irradiation of O-Phenyloximes tethered to alkenes causes N-O homolysis resulting in iminyl radical generation, which subsequently undergoes 5-exo-trig cyclizations furnishing pyrrolines. This eliminates the need for toxic radical initiators (AIBN, benzoyl peroxide), propagating agents (Bu3SnH, (Me3Si)3SiH), and expensive catalysts or single-electron transfer (SET) cycles. We explored the scope of diverse traps and substrates for iminyl radical cyclizations. The iminyl radical cyclizations formed versatile pyrrolines with moderate to excellent yields. The diastereoselectivity also ranged from low to high. Moreover, these versatile pyrrolines were further transformed via various reactions, such as hydrogenation, allylation, dihydroxylation, and cross-metathesis. The second part of this project extends the scope of the non-redox iminyl-radical based approach to γ-C(sp3)−H ketone activation. The sequence of N-O homolysis triggered by microwave irradiation of O-phenyloximes, 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), trapping of the radical intermediate, and in situ imine hydrolysis, ultimately leads to the formal γ-C–H functionalization of ketones. We achieved both C-O and C-C bond formation by using diverse O-phenyloxime substrates. This work's notable achievement was accomplishing γ-C–H activation of 1o carbon atoms, a feat that has not been attained using SET-based iminyl radical chemistry. The third part of this dissertation focuses on the influence that dehydroamino acids have on secondary structures. This project describes the synthesis of incipient 310 helical tetrapeptides containing dehydroamino acids. A bulky dehydroethylnorvaline-containing tetrapeptide was synthesized. Based on our published data, we speculated that dehydroethylnorvaline might increase peptide proteolytic stability.

La demande en composés chiraux est en plein essor ces dernières années. Pour accéder à leur synthèse, la biocatalyse, couplée à l’irradiation pourrait être une méthode innovante. Il existe en effet de nombreux cas dans la littérature où l’utilisation de micro-onde semble avoir un effet activateur sur l’efficacité enzymatique.Cependant, l’effet de l’irradiation micro-onde est mal compris et controversé. Le but de cette thèse était d’étudier l’impact de l’irradiation micro-onde sur des lipases, immobilisées ou non, en étudiant différentes réactions modèles, allant de la résolution d’alcools secondaires linéaires simples à la résolution de polyols complexes, et alcools polyfonctionalisés, par comparaison entre chauffage sous irradiation micro-onde (en conditions drastiques ou non) au chauffage classique. L’étude de l’irradiation micro-onde sur la stabilité enzymatique et sur paramètres intrinsèques de l’enzyme après modification des paramètres réactionnels a permis de mettre en évidence un rôle indéniable de l’irradiation micro-onde sur l’efficacité des réactions enzymatiques. Il a été possible d’une part de diminuer de façon importante les temps réactionnels, comparé au chauffage traditionnel,et d’autre part de contrôler efficacement l’énantio préférence et la sélectivité de la lipase pour l’obtention de molécules d’intérêt. Par des procédés innovants, l’impact de la puissance d’irradiation a été montré comme hautement dépendant du modèle réactionnel étudié. En optimisant les conditions réactionnelles pour obtenir les meilleures sélectivités et activités enzymatique sous irradiation micro-onde, la synthèse de a-hydroxyamides chiraux et de polyols parfaitement résolus a pu être entreprise de façon rapide, propre, tout en respectant les principes de chimie verte. / Chiral molecules demand is booming in recent years. Biocatalyse under microwave irradiation is found to be an attractive way to synthesise these molecules. Indeed, in the literature, some cases show an activation effect on the enzymatic efficiency by microwave irradiation, compared to classical heating. However, the effect of microwave irradiation is not well understood and controversial. The aim of his PhD was to study the impact of the microwave irradiation on some lipases, immobilized or not. Different model reactions were studied from secondary linear alcohol resolution, to the resolution of more complex polyols or polyfunctionalized secondary alcohols comparing the microwave heating (in drastic conditions or not) to the classical heating. Studying the enzymatic stability and intrinsic parameters after modifying the reaction parameters, we observed a clearly microwave effect on the efficiency of the enzymatic resolutions. Using microwave heating, it could be possible to decrease, in an important way, the reaction time, compared to the classical heating and to control the énantiopréférence of the lipase to efficiently obtain chiral product. Trough innovative processes, the impact of the irradiation has been studied and it depends on the model reaction.Optimizing the conditions to obtain the best enzyme selectivities and activities under microwave irradiation, we could synthesise chiral a-hydroxyamides and polyols, in a rapid, clean way, respecting the principles of green chemistry.

Le furfural, identifié comme l'un des 30 principaux produits chimiques biologiques, est une molécule importante en terme de chimie verte et développement durable. L'objectif de ce travail de doctorat est de réaliser la synthèse et la conversion du furfural en flux continu et par lots. Ici, nous avons développé des méthodes plus éco-efficiente pour la synthèse du furfural, et valorisé le furfural en produits à haute valeur ajoutée, tels que le 2-furonitrile, l'alcool furfurylique, etc... Plusieurs questions clés ont été identifiées afin de concevoir des processus plus écologiques que les processus actuels. En détail, des expériences de synthèse du furfural ont été réalisées dans l'eau pure ou dans un mélange eau-solvants organiques lorsque des co-solvants (verts ou écologiques) sont nécessaires. L'irradiation par micro-ondes a été choisie comme méthode de chauffage pour accélérer le processus de déshydratation, et un réacteur à flux continu à micro-ondes a également été utilisé pour améliorer la productivité du furfural. En partant du furfural pour produire des produits chimiques à haute valeur ajoutée, des réacteurs à flux efficace, tels que Pheonix, H-cube Pro ainsi que des micro-ondes à flux continu avec micro-réacteur, ont également été identifiés comme des alternatives intéressantes pour améliorer la productivité des composés cibles. En conséquence, certains résultats prometteurs ont été obtenus du point de vue de l'industrie. / Furfural, which has been identified as one of top 30 bio-based chemicals, is an important green platform molecule, The aim of this PhD work is to realize the synthesis and conversion of furfural in batch and continuous flow. Here, we developed sorne greener methods for furfural synthesis, and valorized furfural into high value-added products, such as 2-furonitrile, furfuryl alcohol etc. Several keys issues were identified in order to design processes greener than the current ones. ln detail, experiments for furfural synthesis were performed in water or in water and organic solvent when co-solvents (green or eco-friendly) are necessary. Microwave irradiation has been chosen as the heating method to accelerate the dehydration process, and microwave continuous flow reactor was also applied to improve furfural productivity. When starting from furfural to produce high value-added chemicals, efficient flow reactors, suc as Pheonix, H-cube Pro as well as microwave continuous flow With micro-reactor, were also identified as interesting alternatives to improve the productivities of target compounds. As a result, some promising results were obtained in the viewpoint of industry.

Neste trabalho investigou-se a oxidação de álcoois (etanol e glicerol) em meio alcalino empregando diferentes catalisadores de metais nobres suportados em carbono Vulcan preparados através da síntese de irradiação de micro-ondas, para aplicação em dispositivos de células a combustível. Neste âmbito, catalisadores suportados em carbono na razão metal:carbono de 40:60 % foram preparados com dois metais nobres: catalisadores a base de Pt(PtM/C, M=Sn, Ru e Ni); e catalisadores a base de Pd(PdM/C, M=Sn, Ru, Ni, Rh, Fe e Mn). Os resultados de EDX revelaram que todos os catalisadores apresentam composições experimentais próximas às nominais. Todos os catalisadores apresentaram características dos respectivos metais nobres; geometria cúbica de face-centrada. Catalisadores de Pd54Fe46/C, Pd71Ru29/C também apresentaram fases isoladas dos óxidos de rutênio e ferro,a fase de Pd2Sn também está presente nos catalisadores contendo Sn. Cristalitos e partículas na ordem de 2 a 7 nm foram observados. Dentre os diversos catalisadores estudados para a oxidação de etanol ([Etanol]=1,0 mol L-1 + [NaOH]=1,0 mol L-1), o catalisador Pt45Sn55/C apresentou maior atividade, formando ácido acético e acetaldeído em quantidade superiores aos demais catalisadores. Já para catalisadores a base de Pd, Pd54Fe46/C e Pd63Sn37/C apresentaram resultados eletroquímicos muito semelhantes, porém, em relação aos produtos formados durante a eletrólise, o catalisador Pd54Fe46/C formou 3 vezes mais ácido acético(4 elétrons). Para a eletro-oxidação de glicerol em meio alcalino ([Glicerol]=0,5 mol L-1 + [NaOH]=1,0 mol L-1), o catalisador Pt86Ru14/C foi o que apresentou os maiores valores de atividades catalíticas. Os principais produtos formados durante as eletrólises de glicerol foram ácido glicérico, ácido tartrônico, 1,3-dihidroxiacetona (DHA), a quantidade de produtos formados pelo catalisador Pt86Ru14/C foi, aproximadamente, três vezes superiorao catalisador Pt/C. A formação de um produto de maior valor agregado, 1,3-DHA, é interessante do ponto de vista eletrossíntético. A seguinte ordem de reatividade é observada para os catalisadores de Pd: PdRu/C >PdFe/C >PdMn/C >PdRh/C >PdSn/C. Dentre os produtos formados na oxidação de glicerol somente para os catalisadores PdRh/C e PdFe/Cidentificou-se ácido tartrônico (6 elétrons) e 1,3-DHA (2 elétrons) / In this thesis it was investigated ethanol and glycerol oxidation in alkaline medium using different noble metal catalysts supported on Vulcan carbon prepared by microwave irradiation synthesis, for application in fuel cell devices. In this context, catalysts in the ratio metal:carbon 40:60% were prepared using two noble metals: Pt-based catalysts (PtM/C, M = Sn, Ru and Ni); and Pd-based catalysts (PdM/C, M = Sn, Ru, Ni, Rh, Fe and Mn). The experimental compositions obtained by EDX were close to nominal values. All the catalysts exhibited cubic face-centered geometry characteristics of its respective noble metal. Catalysts Pd54Fe46/C and Pd71Ru29/C also presented of iron and ruthenium oxides phases, Pd2Sn phase is also observed for Pd61Sn39/C catalyst. Particles and crystallites around 2 to 7 nm were observed. Among all catalysts studied for ethanol electro-oxidation ([Ethanol]=1.0 mol L-1 + [NaOH]=1.0 mol L-1), Pt45Sn55/C catalyst was the most active, the yield of acetic acid and acetaldehyde are higher for this composition. Pd-based catalysts, Pd54Fe46/C and Pd61Sn39/C showed very similar electrochemical behavior; however, for Pd54Fe46/C catalyst the amount of acetic acid (4 electrons) formed are three times higher. Pt86Ru14/C catalyst presented the highest catalytic activities for glycerol electro-oxidation ([glycerol]=0.5 mol L-1 + [NaOH]=1.0 mol L-1). The main products formed during glycerol electrolysis were glyceric acid, tartronic acid, 1,3-dihydroxyacetone (DHA), the amount of products formed employing Pt86Ru14/C catalyst was almost three times higher than Pt/C catalyst. The formation of a product with higher added-value, 1,3-DHA, is interesting in electro-synthetic point of view. The reactivity order were observed for Pd catalysts are: PdRu/C > PdFe/C > PdMn/C > PdRh/C > PdSn/C. Tartronic acid (6 electrons) and 1,3-DHA (2 electrons) were only identified at PdRh/C and PdFe/C catalysts

Orientador: Juno Gallego / Resumo: As superfícies desgastadas são normalmente revestidas com ligas metálicas resistentes ao desgaste abrasivo, nos quais durante a soldagem o metal de solda com matriz ferrosa é reforçado pela formação de carbonetos grosseiros durante a solidificação da poça de fusão. O propósito deste trabalho é investigar a aplicação de micro-ondas para o preparo de cavacos das ligas de titânio ASTM F67 e ASTM F136, visando a sua fragilização pela formação de uma fina camada de carbonetos que facilitam a moagem e a obtenção de pós finos. O pó obtido da reciclagem do titânio foi misturado com grafite, tornando possível a formação de carbonetos de titânio (TiC) durante a fusão da mistura sobre peças de aço-carbono ABNT 1020 com uma tocha a arco elétrico com proteção gasosa (GTAW). A aplicação de micro-ondas foi bem sucedida, permitindo a obtenção da mistura carbonetante com granulometria inferior a 45m. O metal de solda mostrou uma microestrutura ferrítica reforçada por partículas grosseiras TiC, que incrementaram significativamente a dureza do material. Os resultados obtidos indicam que a reciclagem de cavacos de titânio seja potencialmente interessante para o desenvolvimento de um consumível de soldagem para revestimentos resistentes ao desgaste abrasivo, mais econômico e ambientalmente sustentável. / Abstract: The worn surfaces are usually coated with abrasive resistant metal alloys, where the weld metal is reinforced by the formation of coarse hard carbides during the melt pool solidification. The aim of this work is investigate the irradiation of microwaves on scrap (chips) of ASTM F67 and ASTM F136 titanium alloys, becoming easier grinding of the residues for obtaining fine powder due to chips embrittlement by thin TiC coating. The titanium-rich recycled powder was mixed with graphite, making possible the formation of titanium carbides (TiC) during the melting of the mixture by Gas-Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) carried out on ABNT 1020 carbon steel pieces. The microwave application was very successful, allowing to obtain a fine carbide-former mixture with granulometry less than 45m. The weld metal have showed a microstructure composed by ferrite (BCC iron) reinforced by coarse dendritic TiC particles, which promoted significantly hardness increasing. The experimental results have indicate that microwave irradiation for titanium alloys chips recycling is potentially interesting for the development of a economical and environmentally sustainable consumables for abrasive wear resistant hardfacing. / Mestre

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitrogen-containing polycyclic aromatic compound (N-PAC) are widespread toxic pollutants in environments. The fate of PAHs and N-PACs are of great concern because some of these compounds were identified as caricinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic compounds. As described in literature, dissolved organic matter (DOM) is an important factor in control of their fate; however, the binding behaviors between these compounds and DOM are still not fully understood. The binding constants (KDOC) between humic substances and one selected N-PAC, benzo[h]quinoline, were measured at varying pH levels using fluorescence quenching (FQ) method. As fluorescence characteristics of benzo[h]quinoline change with pH, determination required two optimum sets of excitation and emission wavelength pairs. A simple mixing model was proposed and used to eliminate the inherent fluorescence interference between benzo[h]quinoline (BQ) and its protonated form, benzo[h]quinolinium (BQH+), and to deduce Kmix which represents the overall binding as the sum of that for the individual analogs. The characteristics of humic substances, especially their hydrophobicity and aromaticity, established by principal components analysis of structural and elemental compositions, were the main determinants of their binding affinity with both benzo[h]quinoline and benzo[h]quinolinium (KBQ and KBQH+) across a range of pH values. Hydrophobic interaction is likely to control the binding between humic substance and benzo[h]quinoline and benzo[h]quinolinium, in lower and higher pH ranges (pH<3, pH>6). In contrast, cation exchange seems to control on the binding affinity of benzo[h]quinolinium in the middle range of pH. Determination of PAH concentration is quite essential for investigating the fate of PAHs in environments. Microwave-assisted headspace solid-phase microextraction (MA-HS-SPME) with a polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB) fiber was applied as a single step prior to determination of PAH concentrations in water using GC-MS. To optimize the extraction efficiency of PAHs by MA-HS-SPME, the influence of various parameters, including temperature, duration of thermal desorption, microwave irradiation power and duration, and the temperature of the circulating cooling water system, was studied. The proposed method was demonstrated applicable to environmental water samples. In addition, DOM matrix effect did not influence the determination and extraction efficiency of PAHs. Although the proposed simple mixing model can eliminate the fluorescent interference of hydrophobic organic compounds with acid-base pair forms, it is still limited in using for correcting the KDOC measurement of more than two fluorescent compounds simultaneously. A new alternative protocol, complexation-flocculation combined with MA-HS-SPME/GC-MS method, was proposed to determine the binding constants of seleted PAHs to humic substances. The results obtained are comparable with KDOC data reported in literatures. CF-MA-HS-SPME/GC-MS provides some advantages over other methods, such as applicable not limited to fluorescent compounds, faster in determination and capable in measuring varieties of compounds simultaneously.

Το πρόβληµα της διαχείρισης των ιατρικών αποβλήτων και ιδιαίτερα αυτών που χαρακτηρίζονται ως επικίνδυνα έχει οξυνθεί τα τελευταία χρόνια στην Ελλάδα. Το 10-25% των παραγόμενων ιατρικών αποβλήτων στις υγειονομικές μονάδες, θεωρούνται επικίνδυνα, με δυνατότητα πρόκλησης μίας σειράς κινδύνων για την υγεία, σε περίπτωση επαφής ή έκθεσης σε αυτά, διότι αποτελούν στις περισσότερες των περιπτώσεων φορείς παθογόνων µικροοργανισµών µε αποτέλεσµα η µη ασφαλής διάθεσή τους να εγκυμονεί σηµαντικότατους κινδύνους, όχι µόνο για το περιβάλλον, αλλά και για τη δηµόσια υγεία. Αντικείμενο της παρούσας εργασίας αποτελεί η μελέτη και η αξιολόγηση μεθόδων επεξεργασίας των επικίνδυνων ιατρικών απορριμμάτων. Ο όρος αξιολόγηση αναφέρεται στην διαδικασία επιλογής της κατάλληλης τεχνολογίας επεξεργασίας, λαμβάνοντας υπόψιν πληθώρα παραγόντων. Οι πιο διαδεδομένες μέθοδοι που θα εξεταστούν, είναι η αποτέφρωση, η αποστείρωση, η απολύμανση με μικροκύματα και η χημική απολύμανση. Σκοπός της εργασίας είναι να καταστήσει σαφές το ότι καμία μέθοδος δεν αποτελεί πανάκεια. Αντιθέτως, πρέπει να γίνεται προσεκτική επιλογή της μεθόδου, πάντα με σεβασμό στην υγεία και το περιβάλλον. / The problem of medical waste management, and especially of that which is characterized as hazardous, has increased in Greece during the last years. Hazardous medical waste is 10-25% of the total quantity of medical waste that is produced in health units. In most cases, this type of medical waste is carrier of pathogenic microorganisms. Thus, its ineffective way of disposal puts in danger the environment and the public health. This thesis is an assessment of different technologies that can manage hazardous medical waste. The term assessment refers to the choice of the appropriate technology, taking into account many different factors. The most widely used methods are incineration, sterilization, disinfection with microwave irradiation and chemical disinfection. Aim of this thesis is to make clear that there is not any technology that is really effective with all types of hazardous medical waste. Thus, we have to carefully choose the appropriate technology, always with respect to health and the environment.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The solvent-free microwave-assisted regiospecific synthesis of a series of 5-trihalomethyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole (7 - 10) from the cyclocondensation of 1,1,1- trihalo-4-alkoxy-3-alken-2-ones (5 - 6),[ CX3COC(R)2=C(R)1OR, where X = Cl, F; R = Me, Et; R2 = H, Me and R1 = H, Me, Et, Pr, iso-Pr, Bu, iso-Bu, tert-Bu, iso - Pen, Ph, 4-Me-Ph, 4-MeO-Ph, 4-NO2-Ph, 4-Cl-Ph, 4-Br-Ph, 4-F-Ph, H, OEt,] with carboxymethyl hydrazine or pentafluorophenyl hydrazine is described. The reaction was performed in a 1:1.2 molar ratio of alken-2-ones and hydrazine, in a single reaction step, for 6-12 minutes, in good yields (70-98%). The advantages obtained by using microwave irradiation under solvent-free conditions, rather than a conventional method, were also demonstrated. The 4-alkoxy-1,1,1-trihalo-3-alken-2-ones (4-5) were obtained from the reaction of cloreto de trichloroacetyl cloride or trifluoroacetic anhydride with enol ethers or acetals in presence of pyridine, solvent free and microwave induced techniques. / Este trabalho descreve a sintese rgeioespecifica de uma serie de 4,5-diidro-1Hpirazóis (7 - 10), por ciclocondensação de 4-alcóxi-1,1,1-trialo-3-alquen-2-onas, [ CX3COC(R)2=C(R)1OR, com X = Cl, F; R = Me, Et; R2 = H, Me; R1 = H, Me, Et, Pr, i-Pr, c-Pr, Bu, i-Bu, t-Bu, i-Pen, Pen, Ph, 4-Me-Ph, 4-MeO-Ph, 4-NO2-Ph, 4-Cl-Ph, 4-Br-Ph, 4-F-Ph, H, OEt] com carboximetil ou pentafluorfenil hidrazinas. As condições reacionais utilizadas para a síntese dos 4,5-diidropirazóis envolveu técnicas ambientalmente corretas, em um único passo e na ausência de solvente, usando 1:1.2 de relação molar das β-alcoxivinil cetonas e hidrazinas, em um único passo com um tempo de 6-12 minutos, com bons rendimentos (70-98%). Foram demonstradas as vantagens da condição, sem solvente e com uso de irradiação de microondas sobre o metodo convencional. A sintese das 4-alcóxi-1,1,1-trialo-3- alquen-2-onas (5 - 6) foram obtidas por reações de cloreto de tricloro acetila ou anidrido trifluoracetico com enoleteres ou acetais na presensa de piridina, livre de sonvente e tecnicas induzidas por microondas.