The task of the thesis is to design composite steel-concrete bridge consisting of four spans. Student will design two versions – continuous beam and four simple supported beams.

This Thesis deals with the social problems of city Most and how they are perceived and evaluated by its young population. Under influence of historical events the city has a very specific composition of the population and it has long been faced with many problems that are inherently social, economic, environmental and other. The Thesis presents the view of pupils and students of Most's schools on these problems and it ana- lyzes which problems students consider as urgency, how they evaluate the living con- ditions in Most and what is their relationship to the city. The Thesis is supported by own SAQ survey conducted on a sample of approximately 600 students from different types of schools that provides answers to most of the research questions. These questi- ons are concerned, except the social problems, also with the phenomenon of mass de- population of city Most that is not very discussed yet but that could deepen all other problems in the future. Thus the overall output is consisted of a description of the current situation of the city and its problems, perception of these problems by its young population and outline of vision of future development.

The diploma thesis deals with the design of a continuous prestressed bridge structure transferring the D56 motorway on the Frýdek-Místek bypass. The bridge bridges the local watercourse of the river Olešná, Příborská street and road II / 473. Three studies were proposed, from which a variant of a two-beam continuous prestressed monolithic slab was selected and elaborated. The static model and calculation of its internal forces took place in the program SCIA Engineer 20.0. The calculation is performed according to valid standards, limit states, which also includes the effects of construction. The work also contains detailed drawing documentation.

The content of the diploma thesis is design urban bridge in Považská Bystrica. From three possible options was selected one, which represents cable stayed bridge-extradosed with four spans. This selected option was elaborated in detail in this diploma thesis. Design procedures and assessments were performed to comply with ultimate limit state and serviceability limit state according to valid europeans standarts. The calculation model was performed in program Midas Civil in logitudinal axis and in SCIA Engineer in transversal axis. Structural assessment were done manually. The part of the diploma thesis are detailed drawings and visualizations.

The subject matter of this master thesis is to design pedestrian bridge across the river Nitra in a city Nitra. Out of three possible solutions arch bridge was considered to be the most optimal system for given situation and it was analysed in detail. The design and assessment of load-bearing structure was evaluated acording to valid standarts. The main goal was to comply with ultimate and serviceability limit state. Global calculation model was created in ANSYS Mechanical APDL 21 R2. Model of the slab of the deck in the cross direction was performer using SCIA Engineer 19.1. Load capacity of some cross sections was verified manually and some using computer software IDEA Statica 21.0. This thesis is extended with drawings of sequence of construction, detailed drawings of the bridge and visualizations.

The diploma thesis focuses on the preparation of technological project of a reconstruction of a road bridge in Brno in the district of Brno-Slatina. The reconstruction consists of replacement of the whole construction of the bridge except for the pile foundation. The reconstruction will be executed in two phases with consideration of keeping road traffic on the bridge. The bridge is designed of reinforced concrete with the deck constructed of prestressed prefabricated girders.

The subject of the diploma thesis is the design and check of the supporting structure of the railway bridge on the line Brno - Česká Třebová. The bridge carries a double-track railway line across Šámalova Street in Brno. The span of the bridge is 16.58 m, the length of the supporting structure is 17.1 m and the width in cross section is 17.81 m. Two variants of the supporting structure have been developed. The first variant is a bridge with a composite supporting structure, the second variant is a bridge with concreted steel girders. A technical report and drawing documentation are prepared for the selected variant.

Mean variance optimization has shortcomings making the strategy far from optimal from an investor’s perspective. The purpose of the study is to conduct an empirical investigation as to how modern methods of portfolio optimization address the shortcomings associated with mean variance optimization. Equal risk contribution, the Most diversified portfolioand a modification of the Minimum variance portfolio are considered as alternatives to the mean variance model. Portfolio optimization models introduced are explained in detail and solved using the optimization algorithms Cyclical coordinate descent and Alternating direction method of multipliers. Through implementation and backtesting using a diverse set of indices representing various asset classes, the study shows that the mean variance model suffers from high turnover and sensitivity to input parameters in comparison to the modern alternatives. The sophisticated asset allocation models equal risk contribution and the most diversified portfolio do not rely on expected return as an input parameter, which is seen as an advantage, and are not affected to the same extent by the shortcomings associated with mean variance optimization. The paper concludes by discussing the findings critically and suggesting ideas for further research. / Maximering av avkastning i samband med minimering av varians, på engelska kallat Mean variance optimization, är inte optimalt ur en investerares synpunkt. Syftet med denna uppsats är att genomföra en empirisk studie av hur moderna metoder för portföljallokering adresserar de problem som är förknippade med Mean variance optimization. Mer specifikt undersöks allokeringsstrategierna Equal risk contribution, Most diversified portfolio samt en variant av Minimum variance som ersättare till Mean variance optimization. Allokeringsmetoderna beskrivs detaljerat och löses med optimeringsalgoritmerna Cyclical coordinate descent och Alternating direction method of multipliers. Genom implementering och historisk simulering med ett antal index som representerar olika tillgångsslag visar studien att Mean variance optimization innebär hög portföljomsättning och har en större känslighet för ingångsparametrar i jämförelse med de moderna alternativen. De sofistikerade allokeringsmodellerna Equal risk contribution och Most diversified portfolio bygger inte på ingångsparametern förväntad avkastning, vilket ses som en fördel, och drabbas inte i samma utsträckning av problemen associerade med Mean variance optimization. Studien avslutas med att diskutera resultatet kritiskt och ge förslag på vidare studier som bygger på den teori och det resultat som har presenterats.

Master of Science / Food Science Institute- Animal Sciences and Industry / Kelly J. K. Getty / The Food and Drug Administration’s Bacteriological Analytical Manual recommends two enumeration methods for Bacillus spp.: 1) standard plating method using mannitol-egg yolk-polymyxin (MYP) agar and 2) most probable number (MPN) method with tryptic soy broth supplemented with 0.1% polymyxin sulfate. Preliminary research evaluated three inoculum preparation methods using EZ-Spore™ B. cereus pellets. Two methods involved EZ-Spore™ B. cereus pellets that were dissolved in deionized (DI) water, grown in brain heart infusion broth with manganese sulfate, and then heated to produce spores. The third inoculum preparation method of dissolving EZ-Spore™ pellets only in DI water was the most efficient due to 100% spores being present in the inoculum. Preliminary research also determined that MPN method recovered greater (p<0.05) B. cereus populations than MYP method in inoculated ultra-high temperature pasteurized skim and 2% milk. The objective of the main study was to compare the MYP and MPN method for detection and enumeration of B. cereus in raw and high-temperature-short-time pasteurized skim, 2%, and whole milk at 4 °C for 96 h. Milk samples were inoculated with B. cereus EZ-Spores™ dissolved in DI water and sampled at 0, 48, and 96 h after inoculation. No differences (p>0.05) were observed among sampling times so data was pooled for overall mean values for each treatment. The overall B. cereus population mean of pooled sampling times for MPN method (2.59 log CFU/mL) was greater (p<0.05) than MYP plating method (1.89 log CFU/mL). B. cereus populations ranged from 3.40 log CFU/mL to 2.40 log CFU/mL for inoculated milk treatments for MYP and MPN methods, which is well below the necessary level for toxin production. Even though MPN method enumerated more B. cereus, the MYP method should be used by industry for enumeration of B. cereus due to its ease of use and rapid turnover time (2 d compared to 5 d with MPN). However, MPN method should be used for validation research due to its greater populations recovered. EZ-Spore™ B. cereus pellets were found to be an acceptable spore inoculum for validation research because the inoculum consists of 100% spores and does not contain vegetative cells.

Bakgrund: Akuta försämringstillstånd i hemmet hos de mest sjuka äldre inträffar ofta. Det är inte ovanligt att flera olika vårdverksamheter är inblandade i vården kring denna grupp vilket ställer krav på en fungerande samverkan. Sjuksköterskor inom flera verksamheter möter de äldre vid akuta försämringstillstånd vilket skapar behov av en fungerande samverkan. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa upplevelser av samverkan bland sjuksköterskor verksamma inom kommun, primärvård, ambulans och akutmottagning i samband med att de mest sjuka äldre blir akut försämrad i sitt hem. Metod: Kvalitativ metod med fokusgruppsintervjuer med sjuksköterskor som hade erfarenhet av samverkan kring de mest sjuka äldre vid akuta försämringstillstånd i hemmet. Intervjuerna analyserades enligt Burnard (1996) innehållsanalys i fyra steg. Resultatet: Analysen resulterade i två huvudkategorier samt sex underkategorier. Huvudkategorin Ensam i teamet presenteras i underrubrikerna Att företräda de mest sjuka äldre, Avsaknad av bedömning på plats och Interaktion med kollegor. Huvudkategorin Jakten på information presenteras i underrubrikerna Betydelsen av information om de mest sjuka äldre, Avsaknad av gemensamt IT-stöd och Behov av att dela information. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskorna upplever samverkan som en nödvändighet vid akuta försämringstillstånd av de mest sjuka äldre i hemmet. Samverkan visar sig dock vara kantad av barriärer. För att kunna bedöma och möta behoven hos de mest sjuka äldre i dessa situationer efterfrågar sjuksköterskorna en förändrad struktur för teamsamverkan, förbättrad kommunikation och informationsdelning. Detta skulle gagna samverkan och den personcentrerade vården. / Background: Reduced general condition at home among the most frail elderly are common. Collaboration of care is necessary as many different health care providers often are involved. Since nurses often meet the most frail elderly in their home in these situations they dependent ona well-functioning collaboration between the health care providers. Aim of this study was to elucidate nurses experiences of collaboration of care around the mostfrail elderly when reduced general condition at home. Method: Qualitative focusgroupinterviews with fifteen nurses from community based care,primary care, ambulance care and emergency care with experience of caring for the most frailelderly and collaboration of care in the elderly’s home. According to the qualitative contentanalysis described by Bernard (1996) the focusgroupinterviews were analysed. Result: The result consists of the two main categories Alone in the team and The pursuit forinformation and the six subcategories To represent the most frail elderly, Absence of medicalassessment, Interaction between colleges, The importance of information, Absence of shared ITsystem and The want of sharing information. Conclusion: Nurses consider collaboration of care as necessary amongst the most frail elderlywhen reduced general condition at home. The result indicate that collaboration of care is difficultto achieve. To meet the needs of the most frail elderly in these situations nurses desires a changein structure to provide for team collaboration, approvement in communication and in sharinginformation. According to nurses, this would benefit collaboration of care and the personcentered care.