The primary aim of this dissertation is the mapping of Jewish figural iconography in the Czech lands, primarily of the Post-Emancipation - end of 18th to 20th century - period. The research focuses mainly on the protrayal of contemporary Jewish figures found in Czech visual culture, following religious as well as gradually secularized Jews through iconopgraphic themes. In dealing with the less observant or even wholly secularized Jewish figures, the aim is to show the iconographic elements by which these differ from the majority of society. In the first part the most important aspects of the evolution of Jewish iconography are analyzed. Among these the most important ones are a liberal interpretation of the Old Testament prohibition of figural representation, Jewish emancipation involving gradual assimilation as well as the Jewish yearning for an authentic visual representation, which most likely was the main factor behind the evolution of Jewish iconography. In addition to medieval and modern Jewish figural representations special attention is given to portrayal of Prague Jews and themes found in Hebrew manuscripts as well as printed materials, where surprisingly enough a much lower number of demeaning signs are found. Furthermore a gallery of portraits showing Czech Jews is shown, including...

The diploma thesis is focused on the motivation of students to study at the Hussite theological faculty of Charles University. The diploma thesis is divided into two main parts. The aim of the theoretical part of the thesis is to provide summary information on the given topic. The aim of the practical part is to find out and analyze the motivation of the students of social and charity work. Part of the practical part is a questionnaire, finding the motives of students to study this field and their needs to continue studying and learning. The questionnaire survey showed that students are most often attracted by the inadequacy of the admission procedure together with the personal interest in studying this faculty. For the field itself, they decided in the first place mainly because of the desire to help people and to be beneficial. Since graduating from the field, they have been promising to increase their professional qualifications, a better chance of good job and getting a degree. Students at the Hussite Theological Faculty appreciate mainly the ambience of a smaller faculty with family atmosphere, tolerance and openness prevail.

Providing of assistance can be divided into short-term, unplanned and planned and long-term - this form is defined as a volunteering. Volunteering, as a type of prosocial behavior is widespread in the world. Importance of voluntary movement increased rapidly in the Czech Republic in recent years. As an evidence for it is the addition of volunteer centers and other organizations and Act No. 198/2002 Coll. concerning volunteer service. For this reason, the author decided to find factors related to prosocial behavior in persons with long-term, systematic and selfless behavior, which they devote to activities for the benefit of other people, it means volunteers. The author carried out a quantitative research using methods of interviewing, anonymous questionnaire technique (specifically inventory supplemented by other questions). The group was established by quota random sample where quota was sex, voluntary activity and its length. The sample was consisted of a target group of volunteers from throughout the Czech Republic. Research has shown that the most common motive for volunteering is to help others and meet new people, gain new experiences. It was further shown that in the motivation structure of the volunteers (six basic motives influencing the voluntary behavior) was the most represented motive career ? to gain an experience for a his or her career. The benefit of this thesis is to determine the incentive structure of volunteers from health and social institutions, and volunteers from the sporting and educational activities.

This diploma thesis deals with the interpretation of fiction with the theme of the Holocaust. An integral part of the work is a methodological chapter, which is focused on the issues of hermeneutics and other issues that needed to be taken into account when handling the chosen theme. This thesis further focuses on the description of the historical context, which ultimately played a significant role. The main part of the work consists of an independent analysis of selected works of Czech and foreign authors and their subsequent comparison.

Este trabalho trata do processo de digitação para violão da Ciaccona BWV 1004 (original para violino) de Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750). O objetivo foi desenvolver uma digitação de mão esquerda capaz de refletir as intenções musicais do presente autor. Para tal, foi estabelecido um modelo de análise, onde a textura musical é dividida e classificada, com base em referenciais teóricos, como: melódica, harmônica, motívica e polifônica. Ao analisar as digitações usadas em transcrições, e compará-las às desta pesquisa, concluímos que se pode ter autonomia para contestar uma digitação grafada, pois ela reflete nada mais que as decisões do seu autor, sejam musicais ou técnicas. A partir disto, podemos deduzir que elas se alteram conforme as nossas próprias decisões. / This work deals with the process of elaborating guitar fingerings for J. S. Bach’s Ciaccona BWV 1004 (original for violin). The aim was to develop a left hand fingering able to reflect the musical intentions of the present author. To this end, a model of analysis was established, in which the musical texture is divided and classified, based on theoretical references, into the following categories: melodic, harmonic, motivic and polyphonic. By analyzing the fingering used on transcriptions, and comparing it with the results of this research, we conclude that we can question a suggested fingering, because it reflects nothing more than the decisions of its author, whether musical or technical. From this we can deduce that they change according to our own decisions.

I samhället finns lagar och normer som är till för att reglera och styra människors beteende. Ibland står lagar i vägen för individens självbestämmande och egna värderingar. Syftet med undersökningen var att undersöka motiven till att medborgare av det svenska samhället bryter mot lagar och typen av brott som begås. Deltagarna var 100 studenter och lärare varav 77 kvinnor och 23 män. Undersökningen var inspirerad av EPP-metoden där skriftliga berättelser samlades in för att söka efter mönster. Begreppet selektivt laglydiga medborgare växte fram. Begreppet innebär att individen ibland bryter lagen när det passar den att göra det. Resultatet visade två mönster för motiven, egenintresse och praktiska motiv. Två mönster identifierades för brottens karaktär som var att brotten inte drabbar enskild individ och har lågt straffvärde. Ämnet är relativt outforskat, därför är framtida forskning önskvärt kring den selektivt laglydiga medborgaren.

A magneto-acustografia ou, em uma nova terminologia mais abrangente, vibromagneto-acustografia (VMA) é uma técnica que combina técnicas magnéticas e acústicas, a fim de observar o comportamento visco-elástico de um meio material marcado com partículas magnéticas (alvo). A força magnética oscilatória de frequência () provoca, dentro do alvo, movimento das partículas e do meio material com frequência (2). O feixe acústico pulso-eco utilizado para detectar o movimento das estruturas, tem uma frequência de repetição de pulso (PRF), no mínimo, cinco vezes maior que a frequência do movimento do alvo. Assim, a proposta deste projeto foi desenvolver um protocolo de aquisição, processamento e análise da técnica VMA, por meio da implementação de uma plataforma automatizada de aquisição, que forneça dados estruturados para posteriormente através de uma plataforma de processamento analisar diferentes aplicações da técnica VMA em fantomas e in vivo. A primeira etapa foi desenvolver a plataforma de aquisição utilizando um equipamento de ultrassom diagnóstico por imagem. Nesta etapa foi desenvolvido um software, com interface gráfica de usuário, escrito em C++ e Qt com a função de automatizar a excitação magnética e a aquisição acústica de alta resolução temporal, foram definidos os protocolos padrão dos modos de excitação magnética e de aquisição acústica em termos da taxa de aquisição dos frames ultrassônicos para gerar movimentos oscilatórios ou ondas de cisalhamento. Em seguida, os dados provenientes das aquisições foram estruturados por meio de um cabeçalho para transferência para outros computadores através do protocolo TCP/IP. Depois foi desenvolvida um software, com interface gráfica de usuário, para a fase de processamento e análise. O processamento dos frames adquiridos em modo radiofrequência (RF) consistiu em obter mapas de deslocamentos ou velocidades das estruturas internas do meio material utilizado como alvo. Nesta etapa adaptamos o algoritmo de correlação cruzada normalizada com correção de pico de máxima correlação x e obtivemos mapas otimizados para a técnica VMA. A avaliação da otimização destes mapas foi baseada na avaliação entre a resolução espacial e tempo computacional. A partir do uso destes softwares em experimentos com fantomas e in vivo foram desenvolvidos métodos de análise da frequência dos deslocamentos e segmentação/caracterização de ondas de cisalhamento em termos da sua velocidade e atenuação. Por fim, foi implementado um sistema VMA automatizado composto, por uma plataforma de aquisição embarcada em equipamento de diagnóstico por ultrassom para aquisição de mapas de RF e, que posteriormente eram transferidos para um computador com hardware superior para geração de mapas de deslocamento do meio material. Os mapas foram analisados para determinação de parâmetros visco-elásticos. Além disso, através da implementação da técnica VMA, viabilizou-se estudos clínicos de maneira rápida e eficiente, por exemplo, análises gástricas após a digestão de alimentos marcados com partículas magnéticas e produção de ondas de cisalhamento para caracterização viscoelástica. / The magneto motive ultrasound (MMUs) is a novel technique, which combines magnetism and acoustics, in order to observe viscoelastic behavior of medium labeled with inserted magnetic particles. The magnetic force with modulation frequency () creates a mechanical disturbance in the object of study with twice the modulation frequency (2). Was applied a pulse-echo ultrasonic beamforming with pulse repetition frequency (PRF) at least five times greater than frequency of internal structure movement. The aim of this study was to develop an acquisition, processing and analysis protocol for MMUs through implementation of an automated platform for acquisition, which provides structured datasets for further processing and analysis of different applications (tissue mimicking phantoms or in vivo) of MMUs. First step was to develop the acquisition platform using an ultrasound research interface (URI). At this stage was developed a software with graphical user interface (GUI) written using C++ and Qt. This software automates magnetic excitation and acoustic acquisition, which has high frame rate. In addition, were defined default presets to provide oscillatory movement or shear waves. Then was created datasets acquired were structured and a header and transferred to an external personal computer through TCP/IP network. Second, the processing software with graphical user interface for processing and analyzing was developed. The frames acquired in radiofrequency (RF) mode were processed into displacement or velocity maps of medium internal structures. In this stage, we adapted a cross correlation algorithm to optimize for MMUs datasets. The evaluation of these maps was based on tradeoff between spatial resolution and computation time. Protocols for analysis of motion frequency and segmentation/characterization of shear waves, extracting velocity and attenuation for experiments performed with phantoms or in vivo were developed . In this work, it was implemented an automated MMUs system integrated with a software framework running on an ultrasound research interface (URI), which is used for acquisition of RF maps, further transferred for a PC with robust hardware to process into displacement maps. These maps were analyzed to obtain viscoelastic parameters of the medium. Moreover, this implementation of MMUs enables clinical fast and efficient trials for gastric evaluation of meals with magnetic particles and shear wave production for viscoelastic characterization.

Este trabalho trata do processo de digitação para violão da Ciaccona BWV 1004 (original para violino) de Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750). O objetivo foi desenvolver uma digitação de mão esquerda capaz de refletir as intenções musicais do presente autor. Para tal, foi estabelecido um modelo de análise, onde a textura musical é dividida e classificada, com base em referenciais teóricos, como: melódica, harmônica, motívica e polifônica. Ao analisar as digitações usadas em transcrições, e compará-las às desta pesquisa, concluímos que se pode ter autonomia para contestar uma digitação grafada, pois ela reflete nada mais que as decisões do seu autor, sejam musicais ou técnicas. A partir disto, podemos deduzir que elas se alteram conforme as nossas próprias decisões. / This work deals with the process of elaborating guitar fingerings for J. S. Bach’s Ciaccona BWV 1004 (original for violin). The aim was to develop a left hand fingering able to reflect the musical intentions of the present author. To this end, a model of analysis was established, in which the musical texture is divided and classified, based on theoretical references, into the following categories: melodic, harmonic, motivic and polyphonic. By analyzing the fingering used on transcriptions, and comparing it with the results of this research, we conclude that we can question a suggested fingering, because it reflects nothing more than the decisions of its author, whether musical or technical. From this we can deduce that they change according to our own decisions.

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The present paper has the intention of making an appreciation of the Portuguese romance Vicios e Virtudes by Helder Macedo, from a process reading of intertextuality and trustworthiness. As theoretical material the conceptions by Julia Kristeva about the bakhitinian dialogism model were used. The analysis is done taking into account the relations established by the romance with elements from the History of Portugal and with the Lusitanian literary and cultural tradition itself. Due to these relations, notes of the effects of the trustworthiness that are found in the narrative technique levels, the actions and the characters are proposed. Besides that, it is aimed at elaborating the themes and reference functions, here classified as motives, in the articulation of the different levels in which the narrated stories work. / O presente trabalho tem o intuito de fazer uma apreciação do romance português Vícios e virtudes, de Helder Macedo, a partir de uma leitura dos processos de intertextualidade e verossimilhança. Como material teórico são utilizadas as concepções de Julia Kristeva acerca do modelo bakhithiniano de dialogismo. A análise se efetua levando em conta as relações que o romance estabelece com elementos da História de Portugal e com a própria tradição literária e cultural lusitana. Em função dessas relações, propõe-se o apontamento dos efeitos de verossimilhança que se acham nos níveis da técnica narrativa, das ações e das personagens. Afora isso, procura-se elaborar a função de temas e referências, classificados aqui como motivos, na articulação dos diferentes níveis em que opera a história narrada.