Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2018-04-20T17:42:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 flaviaribeiroamaro.pdf: 1610704 bytes, checksum: 0e6077e1d78576a741f2f6e4817cc697 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2018-09-03T12:11:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 flaviaribeiroamaro.pdf: 1610704 bytes, checksum: 0e6077e1d78576a741f2f6e4817cc697 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-03T12:11:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 flaviaribeiroamaro.pdf: 1610704 bytes, checksum: 0e6077e1d78576a741f2f6e4817cc697 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-28 / Para os médiuns os fenômenos mediúnicos conjeturam uma dimensão imaterial, intangível, efêmera, subjetiva e particular, que se constrói e é significada no plano material da realidade objetiva da vida cotidiana. Tais manifestações comunicam códigos simbólicos expressos por uma linguagem sociocultural extremamente rica semanticamente. Parto da hipótese de que uma linguagem supostamente transmitida pela doutrina espírita constitui uma das principais razões pela qual muitos sujeitos justificam sua adesão ao corpo de crenças, valores e preceitos morais baseados nas codificações feitas por Allan Kardec. E, por conseguinte, se sentem identificados com tal cosmovisão compartilhada, que prevê basicamente a possibilidade da vida além da morte, de uma continuidade para a trajetória do espírito através da reencarnação e da comunicação com o espírito dos mortos. A religião Espírita assim como qualquer outra religião é capaz de aferir orientações comportamentais responsáveis por guiar a conduta do indivíduo no cotidiano, fornecendo sentidos e significados imbuídos na construção da realidade dos sujeitos. Para um enquadramento analítico da manifestação mediúnica recorro ao discurso construído por meus interlocutores - os médiuns espíritas- acerca da experiência religiosa da mediunidade. Entendo como relevante a pergunta: o que essa experiência mediúnica significa para eles? A presente pesquisa visa discutir os possíveis sentidos elaborados em torno das práticas mediúnicas na religião Espírita, a partir dos relatos, das experiências e das memórias de vida de médiuns kardecistas da cidade de Juiz de Fora- MG. Para tanto, empreendo uma investigação de caráter qualitativo, elaborado com base em uma etnografia desenvolvida em centros espíritas Kardecistas da cidade, articulada à análise documental e bibliográfica acerca da mística espírita. / For the mediums, the mediumship phenomena conjuncture an immaterial dimension, intangible, ephemeral, subjective and particular, which is built and meant in the material plane of the objective reality of everyday life. Such manifestations communicate symbolic codes expressed by an extremely rich sociocultural language in its semantic ways. I start from the hyphotesis that a language supposedly transmitted by the spiritual doctrine is one of the main reasons why many subjects justify their adherence to the body of beliefs, values and moral principles based on the codifications made by Allan Kardec. And therefore, they feel identified with such shared worldview, which basically foresees the possibility of life beyond death, a continuity to the spirit’s path through reincarnation and the communication with the spirits of the dead. The Spiritualist religion as any other religion is able to assess behavioral guidelines responsible for guiding the conduct of the individual in its daily life, providing senses and meanings imbued with the construction of the reality of the subjects. For an analytical framework of mediumism manifestation, I resort to the discourse constructed by my interlocutors – the spiritual mediums - about the religious experience of mediumship. I consider important the question: what this mediumship experience means to them? This research aims to discuss the possible meanings developed around the mediumship practices in the Spiritualist religion, taken from the reports, experiences and living memories of Kardecists mediums from the city of Juiz de Fora – MG. To this end, I engage a qualitative research, prepared based on an ethnography which was developed in Kardecists spiritual centers of the city, linked to the documentary and literature analysis about the spiritualist mysticism.

[pt] O trabalho caracteriza o dualismo no protestantismo brasileiro. Com base na análise da vida e obra Dietrich Bonhoeffer apresenta estratégias capazes de iluminar a prática da Igreja Batista no país. Primeiramente apresenta- se o problema que instigou a pesquisa: os efeitos prejudiciais do dualismo para a propagação do Evangelho. Afirma-se, também, a necessidade de uma visão integrada do ser humano que resulte em prática e teologia que considerem a inseparabilidade entre mística (vida voltada para o transcendente) e militância (vida inserida e atuante no mundo). Em seguida, trata-se do processo e estratégias pedagógicas de penetração dualista no cristianismo e da formação da teologia e da doutrina batista brasileira. Por fim, o estudo da reflexão teológica e experiência pessoal de Bonhoeffer, procura extrair maneiras de articular as dimensões espiritual e prática da vida cristã e de, assim, informar maneiras renovadas de um proceder cristão que supere o dualismo. Desse estudo, cinco pontos foram tomados como pistas para essa superação: o amor a Deus e ao próximo; a inserção da Igreja no mundo; a Igreja tomada como comunidade viva; a visão ecumênica e a dimensão ética da fé. / [en] This work characterizes dualism in Brazilian Protestantism. Based on an analysis of the life and works of Dietrich Bonhoeffer, it presents strategies able to shine some light on the practice of the Brazilian Baptist Church in the country. Firstly, the research problem is presented: the harmful effects of dualism on the spread of the Gospel. The need for an integrated perspective of the human being, one that results in a practice and a theology that consider the inseparability between mysticism (life oriented to the transcendent) and militancy (life inserted and active in the world), is also affirmed. Next, the process and pedagogical strategies through which dualism penetrated Christianity and the formation of Brazilian Baptist theology and doctrine are discussed. Finally, the study of the theological reflection and personal experience of Bonhoeffer aims at gathering ways to articulate spiritual and practical dimensions of Christian life and, therefore, at offering renewed forms of Christian practice that surpass dualism. Out of this study five suggestions are given for overcoming dualism: love for God and the neighbor, insertion of the church in the world, the church taken as a living community, ecumenical vision, and, the ethical dimension of faith.

Pour saisir les contradictions de Péguy, nous proposons de partir du lieu où elles se forment : l’espace politique. Au gré des appartenances idéologiques plurielles de Péguy, nous faisons apparaître une série de « cités », ensembles collectifs à la fois concrets et imaginaires, qui reposent chaque fois sur une certaine idée, contradictoire, de l’individu. Dans la République, dans la « cité socialiste » ou anarchiste, comme ensuite dans la nation, à travers l’idée de « race », ou dans une pensée de la cité chrétienne, l’individu s’avère à la fois le principe fondateur de la cité et l’élément perturbateur qui vient empêcher sa consolidation. Par delà l’évolution du discours politique de Péguy, la même contradiction se recompose et s’aiguise, jusqu’à prendre la forme d’une aporie pratique, dans le rapport concret de Péguy à toute forme de communauté – au premier chef : aux Cahiers de la quinzaine. Cette contradiction maintenue et aggravée conduit à un régime d’écriture « mystique », marqué par la fréquence de l’oxymore et de la prétérition, figures permettant, dans le même mouvement, de dire et de taire, de maintenir la contradiction sans la dévoiler comme antithèse. C’est en particulier la question de la représentation de soi, comme individu inscrit dans une communauté, qui se trouve régie par cette écriture de la contradiction, de l’usage de la première personne grammaticale, au singulier ou au pluriel, à la pratique du pseudonyme, jusqu’au projet de Confessions de Péguy, horizon d’une écriture individuelle toujours indiquée sans être mise en œuvre, afin que soit maintenu son état nécessairement aporétique. / In order to grasp Péguy’s contradictions, we propose to start from where they appear: the political realm. In observing the course of Péguy’s diverse political affiliations, we discover in fact a series of “Cities” – aggregates of people both real and imaginary, the common denominator of which is to rest on a distinct and contradictory idea of the individual. In his Republic, in his socialist or anarchist utopias as is later the case in his ideas of the “nation”, the “race” or the Christian City, the individual appears both as the corner stone of the City and the disruptive element which prevents its strengthening. Beyond the evolution of Péguy’s political discourse, the same contradiction rebuilds and sharpens itself until it becomes a genuine aporia in Péguy’s tangible relationship with any kind of group – first and foremost within the Cahiers de la quinzaine. This persistent and “worsened” contradiction leads to a “mystical” system of writing filled with oxymorons and preteritions – such tropes allowing the writer, in a single gesture, to tell while keeping quiet and to sustain a contradiction without revealing it as an antithesis. This “writing of the contradiction” rules in particular Péguy’s self-representation as an individual included in a community, from the use of pseudonyms and of the first-person singular and plural to Péguy’s Confessions project – horizon of a true writing of the self which is always pointed out but never written, so as to preserve its aporetic nature.

D.Litt. et Phil. / Throughout the history of the Church, there has been an aversion to mysticism. Much of it is because of a basic misunderstanding of the concept, and because of the contradiction that mysticism has historicaly proved to be for the Church. As someone has said: "It has been the well spring of both saints and schismatics, the hallmark of luminaries and lunatics alike. It has been a force for the active upbuilding of the Body of Christ and an impetus to the counter-currents of sectarianism, anti-nomianism and quietism. It has issued in theologies of impeccable trinitarian montheism and in the heterodoxy of pantheism". We have looked at the word "mysticism" and derived the basic definition: Being in communion with the divine reality (see chp.1, pg.41). For most, it involves a process; one cannot encounter the divinity, but by going through a specified process. We have discovered that "mysticism" is practiced by non-christian religions too. These include Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism and other eastern religions. The process often includes ascetic tendencies, meditation, contemplative methods and transcendental communications. The general quest is for inner peace, tranquility, knowledge and light, and ultimately, to bring some self-realization, which is really a loss of self in the Absolute. In our understanding, christian-mysticism is different. It is having a personal relationship with God through his Son, Jesus Christ, and to be in fellowship with him through his indwelling Spirit. We speak of communion with a trinitarian God; not by processes of asceticism, meditation, contemplation and transcendental communications ascending to God, but by faith in a God who descended to meet us in the God-man, Jesus Christ. We believe therefore that every believer and only believers in Jesus Christ, are true "mystics". The word "mysticism" is unfortunate, because of all the negative understanding, and because it is applied to experience outside Christ as well. It might be better to change it to another name; but what?; we don't know. Participation, fellowship, communion, etc., are inadequate because they do not necessarily mean that it is with God, whereas "mysticism" includes all these ideas uniquely in relation to God. Having stated its inadequaces, we have nevertheless employed the word "participation" alongside " myticism " .

[pt] Em geral, a elaboração do currículo do Ensino Religioso enfatiza ou a tradição acadêmica que lhe dá fundamento epistemológico ou a tradição religiosa que pretende sobreviver no tempo e na história, conferindo sentido às novas gerações. Porém, com o advento da sociedade moderna secularizada e plural, é necessário tomar como ponto de partida a pessoa concreta e as suas demandas por sentido, como ficou evidenciado na pesquisa de campo. Assim, é preciso buscar naquelas tradições as mediações necessárias para a formação dos valores que devem caracterizar este componente curricular. Neste sentido, revisitamos o trabalho de um místico cristão - Inácio de Loyola - o qual viveu entre a Idade Média e a Renascença e que nos apresenta um itinerário mistagógico espiritual centrado, ao mesmo tempo, nas Pessoas Divinas e na pessoa do exercitante. Na contemplação dos mistérios da vida divina, verdadeiro fundamento da história, a pessoa, em todas as suas dimensões, vai sendo atingida e exigida nesse processo de descoberta e de encontro da vontade de Deus para sua vida. Esta pedagogia espiritual lança luzes sobre o currículo do ensino religioso posto que sugere itinerários personalizados de educação na fé e à fé, rompendo com uma apresentação meramente racional ou emocional da experiência cristã, além de tomar em devida conta o processo de desenvolvimento dos educandos. / [en] In general the development of a religious educational curriculum emphasizes either academic tradition due to epistemological support or religious tradition for its historic survival for the generations to come. However with the emergence of a modern-secular-pluralistic society, it is necessary to take people and their demands for meanings as the starting point, as it was observed in the research field. So we need to find necessary traditional mediations for the formation of values that should characterize the curricular component. Thus we revisited the writings of a christian mystic - Ignatius of Loyola - who lived between Middle Ages and Renaissance and provides a centered-spiritual- mystagogical itinerary, focusing on the Divine Persons and on the practitioner at the same time. In contemplation of the mysteries of divine life, the real basis of history, the person, in all dimensions, is being achieved and required in the process of discovery and encounter with God s will in his/her life. Such spiritual pedagogy enlights the curriculum of religious education since it suggests customized itineraries for education under faith and aiming faith, breaking with a merely rational or emotional presentation of christian experience, while taking the global development process of learners into account.

The topic of this study is: The logic of faith: prayer as the link between rationality and experience in a study of Karl Rahner and John Calvin. The term ‘logic of faith’ refers to the correct way of reasoning about faith. Why do a study about the theology of Rahner? Firstly because Rahner is known as the theologian who emphasises a unity between theology and spirituality. In exploring Rahner’s theology, the question that does arise is: is Rahner a philosopher or a theologian? Rahner endeavours to question the logic of theology. In his philosophical, theological and spiritual works one discovers the ‘heart’ of modern man. Rahner connects the logic of faith with the everyday experience of man. This experience is his point of departure in presenting the case for Christianity. In relation to this, Rahner sees prayer as a common human experience and the key in discovering the unity between rationality and experience. Prayer implies experiencing God in ordinary everyday life. Through prayer the lost unity between God and man is restored. Although Rahner’s definition of experience may be vague and therefore subject to criticism, he gives a positive interpretation of the concept of experience in the sense of acceptance of the ‘self’. To him, the logic of faith is closely related to the acceptance of the ‘self’. Rahner’s view give rise to the following question: Does the truth of a theological statement present itself in experience or in faith only? This question is also put to the reformed tradition of which Calvin is a representative. Both Rahner and Calvin stress the unity between theology and spirituality. Knowing God and understanding man are inseparable concepts. Yet we a find an emphasis in Calvin’s theology, that we do not see in Rahner’s theology. Calvin accepts, unconditionally, the revelation of God in Jesus Christ as the source of faith. True understanding of human nature is dependant on God’s revelation in Scripture. To Calvin, the logic of faith goes against common human experience and rationality. We ask the question about the logic of faith; prayer directs us to the source of the answer: the Word of God. This is the truth that the reformers rediscovered. The logic of faith implies a living relationship with Jesus Christ through His Word and Spirit and prayer is the main exercise of this relationship. In this sense prayer is the Urakt of Christian ethics, the first step in becoming a disciple. This we see in Calvin’s exegesis of the Lord’s Prayer. The logic of faith and therefore faith itself become mysticism without God’s revelation through Scripture. This study concludes that prayer is a neglected theme in the reformed tradition. Rahner and Calvin give us a new appreciation for the logic of faith and prayer as an integral part thereof. / Thesis (DD (Dogmatics and Christian Ethics))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Dogmatics and Christian Ethics / unrestricted

This Master’s thesis shall attempt to reconcile the notion of the spiritual with that of the aesthetic by focusing on the influence of 16th century German mystic Jakob Böhme, with the 19th century cultural movement of German Romanticism. Böhme’s mysticism outlined a spiritual paradigm that fused alchemy with Christianity wherein the properties of nature are inherently led by a spiritual desire towards unity with God. It is through the process of spiritual desire that unity unveils itself. Consequently, Böhme’s mysticism influenced later generations of spiritual thought, including German Romanticism. Within Romanticism, Friedrich von Hardenberg, know by his pen name Novalis, developed a philosophy and aesthetic theory that expanded away from the philosophical ideas of the Enlightenment. This new philosophy focused on the subjective experience and how revelation of the self was to be experienced through creative introspection, as a consequence of encountering and interacting with the other. Novalis‘ philosophy incorpterated religious motifs and spirituality to assert that it was through creative striving that spiritual revelation was to be achieved from within oneself. Caspar David Friedrich was a Romantic landscape painter whose work focused on the notion of humanity in the face of nature. Friedrich often painted landscapes as an allegory for Christian values and religious inquiry that becomes an existential introspection through nature. Through comparative analysis I shall demonstrate how the ideas and works of Novalis and Caspar David Friedrich correlate with the spiritual mysticism of Böhme that represent the greater discourse that is spirituality itself. / Graduate / 2021-04-24

This thesis examines the relationship between the Holy Spirit and the Word of God and attempts to describe the precise nature of this relationship. Thus, after the introduction, a survey of research and a methodological introduction, the study illuminates the background of the Pauline understanding of the relationship between word and Spirit by examining the same relationship in the Old Testament, in Early Judaism, in the Jesus tradition and in the wider Graeco-Roman world. It emerges that Paul - in analogy to the Old Testament, Early Judaism and the theology of Jesus - saw a close relationship between the Holy Spirit and God's word. Obviously for Paul the Holy Spirit as a divine person of the trinity is more than the word but in his - mainly soteriological - work the Spirit has bound himself to God's word. Paul makes it clear that the Spirit works with the word everything for the spiritual life. Zusammenfassung In vorliegender Arbeit wird die Frage nach dem Zusammenhang von Gottes Geist und dem Wort Gottes bei Paulus aufgegriffen und der Versuch unternommen, eine Antwort zu geben. Dabei wird - nach der Einleitung, dem Forschungsüberblick und einer methodischen Einführung -, als Hintergrund des paulinischen Verständnisses von Wort und Geist, das Alte Testament, Frühjudentum, die Jesusüberlieferung und der Hellenismus auf diesen Zusammenhang hin befragt. Dabei zeigt sich, dass der Apostel Paulus in Analogie zum Alten Testament, Frühjudentum und der Theologie Jesu, einen engen Zusammenhang zwischen Heiligem Geist und Gottes Wort lehrt (,,Wort-Theologie"). Der Geist Gottes ist für Paulus als göttliche Person der Trinität natürlich mehr als das Wort, doch in seinem - vor allem soteriologischen - Wirken, hat er sich an das Wort Gottes gebunden. Paulus macht deutlich, dass der Geist mit dem Wort alles zum geistlichen Leben wirkt: Glaube (Wiedergeburt), Innewohnung des Geistes, ewiges Leben, Führung, Erkenntnis, Kraft, Gaben u.v.a. / New Testament / (M.Th.(New Testament))

This thesis deals with the person of rabbi Avraham Abulafia with intention express his unique mystical system with respect to events of his life and his personal experiences which he had during his journeys. The first chapter follows the various mystical and philosophical systems and strives for introducing some major Jewish movements and personalities which may have been sources of Abulafia's conceptions and methods. Also it provides the information about the eschatological and millennial conceptions of that time, that may have been known to this scholar and affect him as well. The second chapter follows the life journey of Abulafia and tries to show the most important events of his life. It intends to provide the information about works which he had written as well as about his social contacts (his teachers and his pupils). The third chapter provides the information about his successors and tries to describe the various form of perception of his works, as well as it provides some interesting remarks about their censorship. There is also an intention to state the transformation of reception of his authority in last decades whether it is by contemporary kabbalists or artists. The last chapter is the apex of this work. It is focused on the description and interpretation of major conceptions of...

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