[pt] Pentecostalismo e Mística Cristã reflete sobre o fato de o pentecostalismo ser uma manifestação contemporânea da tradição mística cristã. Com o presente trabalho, pretende-se responder qual seria a verdadeira identidade pentecostal após mais de cem anos decorridos desde o surgimento do pentecostalismo. Diante da expansão global do movimento pentecostal, e em face de diversos tipos de pentecostalismos que se manifestam atualmente, o trabalho propõe um retorno às raízes pentecostais do início do século XX para capturar o seu ethos originário. No centro da espiritualidade pentecostal sempre esteve o Batismo no Espírito Santo. Tal batismo remete a um tipo de experiência que, de acordo com as tradições históricas que influenciaram a formação do pentecostalismo, pode ser chamada de uma experiência mística cristã. A consolidação de uma identidade pentecostal fundamentada nos seus antecedentes históricos e na sua teologia contribuem para uma pastoral pentecostal e para o diálogo ecumênico. / [en] Pentecostalism and Christian Mysticism reflects on the fact that Pentecostalism is a contemporary manifestation of the Christian mystical tradition. With the present work, it is intended to answer what would be the true Pentecostal identity after more than one hundred years elapsed since the emergence of Pentecostalism. Faced with the global expansion of the Pentecostal movement, and in the face of different types of Pentecostalisms that are manifested today, the work proposes a return to the Pentecostal roots of the early 20th century to capture its original ethos. At the center of Pentecostal spirituality has always been the Baptism in the Holy Spirit. Such baptism refers to a type of experience that, according to the historical traditions that influenced the formation of Pentecostalism, can be called a Christian mystical experience. The consolidation of a Pentecostal identity based on its historical background and theology contribute to a Pentecostal pastoral and ecumenical dialogue.

Le volet créatif de ce travail présente la pièce J’aime tes yeux quand je m’y vois. Suivant le travail du rêve comme dramaturgie du fantasme, une forme de théâtre dans le théâtre supporte la mise en scène du moi idéal, ainsi que la danse d’un couple, le désir et la peur, inspirée par la voracité de l’Œil. Ensuite, dans un essai sur le champ scopique et sa représentation dans la littérature, les symboles du narcissisme et du christianisme sont articulés à la psychanalyse et la phénoménologie. Rapprochant foi perceptive et mystification de la perception, l’analyse du personnage éclaire le montage d’une scène fantasmatique dans le texte de fiction, en l’occurrence trois romans : Bruges-la-Morte (1892, Rodenbach), Histoire de l’œil (1928, Bataille) et À ciel ouvert (2007, Arcan). Cette étude permet en somme d’enclaver l’origine et le destin de la honte, corollaire affectif du regard, dans une lecture brève de la Génèse et de l’Apocalypse. / The creative part of this work presents the play J’aime tes yeux quand je m’y vois. Following dream work as a dramaturgy of the fantasy, the theater within the theater supports the staging of the ideal self, torwards a dancing couple, desire and fear, inspired by the voracity of the Eye. Next, in an essay exploring the scopic field and its representation in literature, the symbols of narcissism and Christianity are articulated with psychoanalysis and phenomenology. Bringing closer perceptual faith and mystification of perception, the analysis of the character enlighten the montage of a fantasy scene in the fictional text, through a selection of three novels: Bruges- la-Morte (1892, Rodenbach), Histoire de l’œil (1928, Bataille) and À ciel ouvert (2007, Arcan). This study leads to enclose the origin and the destiny of shame, an affective corollary of the gaze, in a brief reading of Genesis and Apocalypse.

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[pt] A teologia litúrgica tem se interessado por reunir os conceitos de mistério, mistagogia e mística. Nosso trabalho quer contribuir para avançar os debates atuais. Para isso, pesquisamos a noção de mistério segundo a teologia desenvolvida nos artigos segundo, quinto e sexto da constituição sobre a sagrada liturgia do Concílio Vaticano II. Para a teologia conciliar, o mistério é a salvação do Pai, efetivada pelo Filho, comunicada pelo Espírito Santo, através da igreja em sua dupla missão: anúncio e celebração. Depois, apresentamos o trabalho de recuperação e atualização da experiência mistagógica no transcurso dos últimos anos. A mistagogia atual é abordada em chave catequética (catequese mistagógica e iniciação cristã), litúrgica (teologia litúrgica) e espiritual (mística litúrgica). Finalmente, nos dedicamos à compreensão do fenômeno da mística cristã em consonância com as noções teológico-pastorais do conceito de mistério e de mistagogia. A mística litúrgica cristã é aquela na qual os iniciados experimentam na sua vida a força comunicativoterapêutica do mistério pascal de Cristo. A conclusão obtida é que o trinômio mistério-mistagogia-mística, por serem indissociáveis, precisam penetrar e se consolidar na teologia e práxis eclesial. / [en] Liturgical theology has been interested in bringing together the concepts of mystery, mystagogy and mysticism. Our research wants to contribute to advance current debates. Therefore, we researched the notion of mystery according to the theology developed in the second, fifth and sixth articles of the Constitution on the sacred liturgy of the Second Vatican Council. Conciliar theology understands mystery as the salvation of the Father, accomplished by the Son, communicated by the Holy Spirit, through the church in its double mission: proclamation and celebration. Then we present the work of retrieving and updating the mystagogical experience over the last few years. The current mystagogy is approached in catechetical (mystagogical catechesis and christian initiation), liturgical (liturgical theology) and spiritual (liturgical mystic) view. Finally, we relate the understanding of the phenomenon of Christian mysticism in line with the theological-pastoral notions of the concept of mystery and mystagogy. Christian liturgical mysticism is one in which the initiates experience in their lives the communicative-therapeutic force of Christ s paschal mystery. The conclusion is that the mystery-mystagogymystical trinomial, because they are inseparable, needs to penetrate and be consolidated in ecclesial theology and praxis.

[pt] A presente pesquisa, intitulada A mística como presença de Deus na obra de Fulton Sheen, busca refletir sobre a vida e a obra do bispo americano, filósofo e teólogo, Fulton Sheen (1895-1979), à luz de sua reflexão sobre a mística cristã. Partindo de uma crítica filosófica à religião moderna e ao eclipse de Deus na atualidade, o autor questiona a ausência de Deus e propõe uma releitura do evento Cristo, no mistério de sua encarnação-morte-ressurreição, para fundamentar a definitiva presença de Deus no mundo e na história. A presença de Cristo, segundo Fulton Sheen, tem seu prolongamento no Corpo Místico de Cristo, a Igreja. Assim, a presença histórica do Ser de Cristo, por meio da Igreja, possibilita uma verdadeira experiência mística, não de êxtases, mas de um encontro amoroso, humanizador e deificante. / [en] The present research, entitled Mysticism as the presence of God in the work of Fulton Sheen, seeks to reflect on the life and work of the American bishop, philosopher and theologian, Fulton Sheen (1895-1979), in the light of his reflection on mysticism Christian. Starting from a philosophical critique of modern religion and the current eclipse of God, the author questions the absence of God and proposes a reinterpretation of the Christ event, in the mystery of his incarnation-death-resurrection, to substantiate the definitive presence of God in the world and in history. The presence of Christ, according to Fulton Sheen, has its extension in the Mystical Body of Christ, the Church. Thus, the historical presence of the Being of Christ, through the Church, makes possible a true mystical experience, not of ecstasy, but of a loving, humanizing and deifying encounter.

Since the advent of human consciousness all manner of theoreticians from mystics to philosophers, and linguists to scientists have considered why and how it is that an individuated self seems to occupy or indwell a physical body. There is a common experiential sense, in other words, in which personal consciousness and our bodies are felt to be two different things. Two broad areas of opinion attempting to explain this apparent bifurcation are defined for the purpose of addressing this problem: Essentialists who variously maintain that there are non-physical properties inherent to all forms and functions of physicality; and Physicalists who claim that the extant universe as a multiplicity of complex material processes is the only reality. The respective natures of body and mind and the ways in which they relate has yielded an extraordinary variety of hypotheses within and between these two broad categories. In this thesis the dilemma is called the Hard Problem and it focuses particularly on the relationship between consciousness and the brain. Recently, Ken Wilber has constructed an Integral Philosophy which attempts a synergistic gradation of all possible genres of experience and knowledge into one cohesive scheme representing the total Reality. The culminating point of Wilber’s theory claims resolution of the Hard Problem, indeed of all appearances of duality, in the realisation of consummate emptiness in mystical consciousness. Wilber’s proposal therefore tenders a version of Essentialism since it implies that an Absolute principle is inherent to all existence. The problem explored in this study considers whether the epistemological architecture of Wilber’s Philosophy is coherent and consistent. Following a critical appraisal of Wilber’s system it is proposed that epistemological coherence is more likely to be achieved by retaining the ontology of consciousness and matter to only one kind. In this way the scientific protocols which Wilber imports to validate his truth-claims are protected from ontological confusion. Whether this non-dual Physicalism is adequate as a means of explaining consciousness, and particularly mystical consciousness, is moot. Perhaps there remains an inalienable quality in mysticism which will always elude our ability to apprehend it. / Christian Sprituality, Church History & Missiology / D. Th. (Christian Spirituality)

The purpose of this thesis is to re-assert beauty as a fundamental and essential value within contemporary Christendom as it exists within a postmodern culture. Once a strong and meaningful concept within Christian belief, beauty has been lost over the passage of two millennia. This thesis examines the loss of beauty as a meaningful concept in western Christian belief, and offers a re-evaluation of the concept particularly within the postmodern world. Drawing together the fundamental concerns of postmodern society and the contribution that beauty is able to make from within the Christian context, this thesis demonstrates that "beauty" speaks to contemporary concerns and meets its deepest needs. Here, beauty, understood as the relational aspect of forms conceived by God, and offered to humanity as gift, is shown to overcome the affective sterility that has overtaken western society as an effect of enlightenment thought. An examination of the concept of beauty, particularly in the works of Thomas Aquinas, Jonathan Edwards and Gerard Manley Hopkins serves as a basis to posit a definition of beauty that is consistent with Christian beliefs without violating its unique content. Tracing the loss of beauty in western Christian thought and in western culture at large, and recognising the absence of a similar phenomenon within the Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches, suggests that the genius of these eastern traditions is their refusal to minimise the notion of "mystery" that stands at the heart of Christian revelation. The western Church then, is called to refocus on the centrality of the "mystery" inherent in her life. To this end, contemplation is proposed as the avenue wherein the believer experiences an intimate and transforming encounter with the Triune God which leads to the fruition of unique personhood that increasingly takes form as the "beauty of holiness." / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / D. Th. (Christian Spirituality)

This thesis aims to provide a critique of the conclusions of Gershom Scholem regarding the potential for ‘Gnostic’-Kabbalistic filiation, and to establish whether, in light of the available evidence, Scholem’s arguments (which have yet, to my mind, to be sufficiently challenged) can be reasonably supported. I strive to offer an arguably clearer definition of the relevant taxonomic terms than is often presented in scholarly analyses of this question, whilst also arguing for the applicability to this debate of certain pertinent methodological approaches drawn from the wider school of comparative mythology. As such, I also attempt to establish a clear methodology for judging the probability of the genetic descent of one ‘system’ from another, viz. that perhaps the most logical method for assessing potential similarities between different ‘systems’ is to assume in the first instance that all correspondences identified are essentially coincidental, dismissing this assumption only if one can identify a high level of exactness in these comparisons (such as would render pure coincidence relatively improbable) and/or establish a secure chain of transmission between two sources, a chain which renders the transmission of ideas not only possible but indeed probable. Applying this methodology to certain potential routes by which second century ‘Gnostic’ thought might have been transmitted to the origin point of the medieval Kabbalah, I attempt both to demonstrate the wider applicability of such a methodology beyond the narrow question of ‘Gnostic’-Kabbalistic relationships, and to illustrate the serious difficulties with advancing any of these potential routes as a reliable source for the transmission of ‘Gnostic’ ideas to the Kabbalah. Rather, I argue that it may be more logically defensible, in the absence of clear source evidence, to ascribe such correspondences as are located purely to coincidence, albeit a coincidence perhaps somewhat tempered by certain observations regarding the relative ubiquity of certain concepts and modes of thought.

Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / D. Th (Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology)