Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-03-30T17:27:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Hebe Maria Gonçalves de Oliveira.pdf: 4216361 bytes, checksum: ad83785d1e4d427442c3385e5a2232d8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-30T17:27:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Hebe Maria Gonçalves de Oliveira.pdf: 4216361 bytes, checksum: ad83785d1e4d427442c3385e5a2232d8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-23 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta pesquisa consiste no estudo de caso múltiplo das rotinas produtivas das três agências de notícias nacionais ? Estado, Folhapress e O Globo ? que integram os três principais conglomerados da mídia brasileira. Sob a perspectiva da sociologia das redações, a pesquisa tem como aporte teórico os estudos sobre gatekeeping e newsmaking. A tese mostra os procedimentos de distribuição de materiais jornalísticos destes serviços noticiosos, sob a lógica de aproveitamento de conteúdos produzidos no interior dos respectivos grupos de comunicação. Isto é, identifica como as agências nacionais operam com as notícias exclusivas dos principais jornais de seus respectivos grupos ? Estado de S.Paulo, Folha de S.Paulo e O Globo, produtores dos conteúdos que são disponibilizados pelos serviços noticiosos a centenas de veí¬culos assinantes. Do cruzamento de conteúdos publicados pelos três jornais com os distribuídos pelas respectivas agências, constatou-se a expressiva distribuição de conteúdos exclusivos das edições diárias desses periódicos pelos seus serviços noticiosos. Como consequência, a prática predominante nesses conglomerados contribui para a presença de mesmos temas/assuntos no jornalismo brasileiro, considerando que centenas de veículos sediados em diferentes regiões brasileiras reproduzem o noticiário desses três principais jornais do eixo Rio-São Paulo. Assim, a tese apresenta ainda um retrato da presença e atuação das agências em dez jornais regionais localizados em dez principais capitais brasileiras, reproduzindo um funil midiático com oferta de temas e abordagens jornalísticas construídos por três maiores grupos de mídia do País. / This research consists of multiple case studies on the production process of the National news agencies ? Estado, Folhapress e O Globo ? which integrate the three main Brazilian media conglomerates. From the perspective of the sociology of the newsroom, the research is based on gatekeeping and newsmaking theories. This thesis presents the procedures of the distribution of journalistic contents of news services and the logic behind the dissemination of news within these organizations. That is, it identifies how National news agencies handle exclusive reports printed in main newspapers of their respective groups ? Estado de S.Paulo, Folha de S.Paulo e O Globo, makers of the contents offered by news agencies to hundreds of media subscribers. By cross-referencing journalistic contents printed in the three newspapers, with those offered by respective agencies, it found the expressive distribution of exclusive contents published on these papers day to day through their report services. As a consequence, this predominant practice contributes to presence of same themes and subjects in Brazilian journalism, considering that hundreds of media subscribers of agencies in different Brazilian regions run the same stories printed in the main newspapers located in Rio-São Paulo. Thus, this thesis stills presents a picture of presence and action among news agencies in ten regional newspapers located in ten main Brazilian capitals, reproducing a medium funnel that offers themes and framings made by the three media giants of Country.

Many people with disabilities have been traditionally excluded from receiving or interpreting the news. U.S. law has changed requirements for Internet content and will lead to drastic changes in how news is conveyed online. Mainstream media is making headway toward communicating to the culture and abilities of people with disabilities, but serious errors still exist, particularly in digital news formats that exclude many people with disabilities from accessing news. While people with different disabilities are producing primarily niche news content, mainstream media is still the main source of authoritative news regarding people with disabilities. Hiring news staff with disabilities will help mainstream media develop an understanding of the physical, cultural and intellectual requirements of people with a variety of abilities. / text

Canadian women print journalists both protest against and acquiesce to the patriarchal culture of newspapering in their daily work. Utilizing narrative analysis and the feminist theory of intersectionality, this dissertation argues that other social characteristics interact with gender as practitioners negotiate the multiple hegemonies of their workplace, and that the impacts of these characteristics change over time. The purpose of the qualitative study was to do fieldwork needed to respond to scholarly uncertainty about journalists’ individual motivations on the job and their perceived impact on the socio-political agenda. Individual interviews and focus groups were conducted over 2010-2011. Participants included 26 Canadian women print journalists in five newspapers across Canada, as well as one former journalist, now an academic. Key generational differences appeared when participants’ stories were examined with age and gender intersecting as an organizing theme. Senior participants tended to see themselves as lucky survivors in frustratingly gendered newsrooms; those in mid-career were self-sacrificing, hard workers who needed, but were not getting, workplace flexibility; and the most junior ones presented themselves as individual strategists, capable of handling whatever routine injustices were thrown at them. They wanted to stay in the business long enough to “choose” between careers and parenthood, with technological proficiency as a lifeline. Participants’ narratives revealed how the most senior tended to combine their multiple identities and externalities into a coherent whole, while younger participants experimented with and exploited aspects of their complex identities and larger societal influences to survive in a high-stress, gendered environment. This study produces evidence that the participants’ career paths are influenced in fluid and often hidden ways by other characteristics as they intersect with gender. Assumptions about these characteristics, such as age, race, parenthood status and class, further complicate the shaping of participants’ experiences in their workplaces, offering them other possible positions from which to either reinforce or resist the newsroom culture. The participants take up navigating these confused seas in ways that often leave them frustrated and angry, but ultimately most say they feel they make a difference in the socio-political agenda because of their complex identities and as voices for those deemed “voiceless.” / Graduate / 0453 / 0391 / 0708 / viviansmith@telus.net

1996年來，《紐約時報》緊跟數位科技發展，跨媒體經營網站，其內部新聞室也出現轉折，以產製數位新聞目標，逐步調整新聞產製的內容與方式。本研究從新聞產製取徑出發，分析《紐約時報》自1996年到2016年間的新聞室數位化轉型歷程，剖析產製數位新聞與工作常規轉變之間的關聯性。經文獻回顧所整理的分析架構，將研究個案的分三階段探討：第一階段變革（1996-1999）、第二階段變革（2000-2007）、第三階段變革（2008-2016），文獻分析法，系統性地整理現有歷史資料，剖析研究個案在不同階段的轉型歷程。 研究發現，《紐約時報》在各階段數位科技發展中從未缺席，甚至積極擁抱改變，拋棄過往歷經百年的印刷報紙產製流程，以求市場領先地位。其歷年來的數位新聞服務多元，儘管過程中有些服務宣告失敗，但經營者與高層主管總有獨到見解，積極投入資源，內部新聞從業人員也總能快速因應，不斷招募新的數位科技人才，設立新職務，打造不同以往的新聞產製流程與工作常規。相較於過去，《紐約時報》網站與報紙新聞室之間的關係已經反客為主，從「網路優先」概念進展到「行動優先」，並持續在新聞室中拓展不一樣的新聞工作常規和產製流程，為《紐約時報》新聞室數位化轉型，埋下成功的因子。 / Today, journalists across the organization are hungry to bring about change while facing a vital moment where digitalization has pushed the entire newspaper industry to accelerate transformation. In the past few years, The New York Times, as a pioneer of the American newspaper industry, has tried to change news routines and produce progress that takes advantage of today’s changing media landscape. In light of the importance of digitalization, this case study takes a historical approach to analyze the digitalization of The New York Times newsroom from 1996 to 2016, as well as other endeavors, in order to provide a framework of the newspaper’s news routines during the digitalization era. The analysis framework is composed into three periods of time: 1996-1999, 2000-2007, and 2008-2016. This study concludes that as The New York Times is uniquely well-positioned to transform itself quickly, it buried the traditional news routines of print newspaper and moved forward to make digital progress as soon as possible. Their digital-first strategy is still ongoing, and, as a result, this report shows that The New York Times has played a vital role in a changing world and has brought about different types of digital progress.

As with women journalists in other male-dominated fields, female music writers have long endured gendered harassment. In the newsroom, this sexist treatment is foisted upon female music journalists by their male editors and colleagues; in the outside world, it often occurs at the hands of male sources, readers, and online trolls. Unfortunately, the victims of such abuse are frequently left to cope with it alone, and many report that their mental health suffers in the process. Some may even ultimately decide to quit pursuing music journalism entirely. These women report wanting to feel more supported within their work environment, as well as through informal means, such as via a network of fellow female writers. Feminist media theory, utilitarianism, and ethics of care will serve as the study's theoretical bases. This research, based on in-depth interviews with women music journalists, suggests that the vast majority of participants had faced sexism and/or gendered harassment during their time as a female music journalist, experiences that left many of them feeling frustrated and devalued. Based on the research, I offer recommendations on how to make the industry more inclusive for women writers.

In the occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic, a trend of Instagram as a news source emerged in the Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2020 (Reuters, 2020). Instagram’s visual factor has made accessing news more feasible and convenient through a curated feed. Consequently, news producers are migrating to social media platforms, including Instagram to serve news consumption needs. However, journalism on social media has been criticized for its lack of journalistic legitimacy where media trust is challenged by the sensationalism of news to drive engagement metrics. Moreover, the COVID-19 infodemic (WHO, 2020) has escalated the concern of news credibility due to a circulation of misinformation regarding the pandemic and overwhelming citizens. Hence, the objective of this study is to analyze how a news outlet on Instagram maintains journalistic legitimacy and how Instagram users navigate news through information abundance in finding credible and trustworthy news.  The analysis of this study takes into account an Indonesian news outlet on Instagram called Narasi Newsroom, by interviewing a representative from the news producer, a content analysis of their news content, and interviewing Indonesian Instagram users. The empirical findings illustrate how Narasi Newsroom can revive journalistic legitimacy through an innovative approach without diminishing journalism quality on Instagram. With its principle of educating the audience to understand the news beyond factual statements, Narasi Newsroom’s strategy of riding the wave to serve audience needs upholds journalism values through critical thinking and credible sources. By conducting the study through updating the encoding/decoding model (Hall, 1973; 2009), it was found that the social media logic (Dijck & Poell, 2013) can balance journalism practice on Instagram as well as practices critical thinking for news consumers in finding trustworthy news. In light of the post-truth era, media trust and news credibility may be challenged, however, they are not lost when journalism on social media takes accountability to serve news consumers’ needs. Consequently, it takes both the news producers and consumers to take a critical stance to preserve trust in the news.

No description available.

本研究描繪目前台灣電視新聞界一個普遍存在、但不能說的秘密，即業配新聞的存在和產製、相關活動。研究者新聞本科出身，跨入業配新聞製作的專題組，面對置入性行銷對新聞採編的衝擊，也曾經內心衝突與質疑，「業配新聞」算新聞嗎？「業配新聞」是假新聞嗎？ 「業配新聞」報導的對象，多因為沒新聞點、名氣小、特色不足或是沒有報導價值，因此無法被納入一般新聞採編程序，卻非憑空捏造或虛構不實的報導。「業配新聞」經過包裝，仍要編製成突顯商品特性與優點所產製的新聞內容，所以受訪業配記者多認為，業配新聞雖然具有商業目的，但不是無中生有、以虛報實的假新聞。而電視新聞以簡明方式播報新聞的特性，加上視覺的優勢，適合作為業配訊息的傳達。另外業配記者也認為業配新聞充斥，主要是組織和主管的要求，業配新聞基於真實，對社會無害，也包含重要訊息，仍然能為觀眾服務。 本研究認為在當下結構的困境中，個人的主體性雖然蘊含重大的突破能量，也有施展空間。就受訪者經驗來看，個人以專業及善盡查證職責，據理力爭新聞的正確性，仍有機會為自己開拓一些迴旋空間。而媒體組織在廣告主的強勢要求下，也並非只能一味讓步，讓對方予取予求，主事者若能在新聞的專業基礎上轉換思維，也可能化被動為主動展現相對積極的作為。 研究發現，廣告主和記者都清楚業配新聞不但影響編輯台的新聞自主，影響新聞公信力，也影響工作者自我的專業認同，雖然廣告主認為業配新聞和他們是共生共存，這類新聞確實有宣傳效果，有廣告主也認為他們對新聞可信度確實受到影響，「因為新聞經過包裝了」。然而，公眾一旦察覺某些新聞背後有「金錢利益」操控，不但媒體將失去公信力，媒體工作者也失去自我專業尊嚴，其結果更是短多長空。 / Product placement in TV programs has become increasingly common in the two decades in Taiwan. Although it arouses huge controversies over media credibility and marketing values, up to date, there have been very limited empirical studies focusing on how journalists handling product placement messages, particularly in television news programs in which product placements were usually forbidden in use. Instead of using content that directly promotes the brand, product or service through traditional marketing tactics, product placement journalism focuses on building stories and other informational content that highlights value from a different point of view. The current study examined a unique program genre in Taiwan’s TV news programs, in which product placements are still in use. Based on in-depth interviewing, this study canl shed some light on how we define the boundaries of news and marketing information. Product placements are proven to be quite effective in television news programs. However, the effectiveness is built right on the cost of news credibility and integrity, which is ironically distinguishing product placement and advertising and is believed to be the magic power of product placement in news. Although companies that build trust with the content they produce can maintain their presence as reliable media sources for their audiences. The origins of the ethical problems and their implication for product placement research are explored.

<p>In the beginning of this millennium the increasing level of work related illness was de-scribed, in the public debate, as one of the most serious and costly social problems of our times. An important question in the present study is whether or not the newspapers contributed to make their readers, the politicians and other social actors aware of this vast and growing problem.</p><p>Thus, the main purpose was to find out the extent of the news media coverage on occupational health/ill-health in Swedish newspapers in the end of the 1990s, and the ways in which the topic was framed. Furthermore the intent was to produce a better and deeper understanding of the factors influencing the coverage.</p><p>Theoretically the study draws on framing theory. Framing here refers to the process through which complex issues are reduced to journalistically manageable dimensions in the construction of news stories, resulting in a text, a news story that presents and high-lights some aspects and perspectives of the perceived reality but not others.</p><p>A combination of research methods was used - A content and frame analysis of six months of occupational health coverage in seven newspapers; an interview study with journalists and their scientific sources about the news production; a one week’s news-room study aimed at observing the everyday production of news; and finally, a short email survey directed to the editorial staff at the examined news papers, with the purpose to get some indication on how the coverage of occupational health was organised and prioritized at the different newspapers.</p><p>In the empirical analysis the newspapers´ picturing of occupational health/ill-health was compared with picture emerging from official statistics on occupational sickness and injury. In many respects a deviation was found between the two. Furthermore, simi-larities and differences in content between different newspapers, between different news sections and between news stories written by journalists of different sex, were examined.</p><p>A key finding is that the Swedish newspapers did not draw their readers’ attention to the extensive and growing problem at the places of work. A majority of the stories related to occupational health/ill-health were episodic, and treated the issues as isolated and random events rather than predictable and preventable problems, although there were also more thematic articles written during special circumstances. The results indicate that a primary cause of the topics low priority in the newspapers was that the coverage of occupational health/ill-health had not been integrated into the journalistic routines.</p>

In the beginning of this millennium the increasing level of work related illness was de-scribed, in the public debate, as one of the most serious and costly social problems of our times. An important question in the present study is whether or not the newspapers contributed to make their readers, the politicians and other social actors aware of this vast and growing problem. Thus, the main purpose was to find out the extent of the news media coverage on occupational health/ill-health in Swedish newspapers in the end of the 1990s, and the ways in which the topic was framed. Furthermore the intent was to produce a better and deeper understanding of the factors influencing the coverage. Theoretically the study draws on framing theory. Framing here refers to the process through which complex issues are reduced to journalistically manageable dimensions in the construction of news stories, resulting in a text, a news story that presents and high-lights some aspects and perspectives of the perceived reality but not others. A combination of research methods was used - A content and frame analysis of six months of occupational health coverage in seven newspapers; an interview study with journalists and their scientific sources about the news production; a one week’s news-room study aimed at observing the everyday production of news; and finally, a short email survey directed to the editorial staff at the examined news papers, with the purpose to get some indication on how the coverage of occupational health was organised and prioritized at the different newspapers. In the empirical analysis the newspapers´ picturing of occupational health/ill-health was compared with picture emerging from official statistics on occupational sickness and injury. In many respects a deviation was found between the two. Furthermore, simi-larities and differences in content between different newspapers, between different news sections and between news stories written by journalists of different sex, were examined. A key finding is that the Swedish newspapers did not draw their readers’ attention to the extensive and growing problem at the places of work. A majority of the stories related to occupational health/ill-health were episodic, and treated the issues as isolated and random events rather than predictable and preventable problems, although there were also more thematic articles written during special circumstances. The results indicate that a primary cause of the topics low priority in the newspapers was that the coverage of occupational health/ill-health had not been integrated into the journalistic routines.