by Chan Chung-Fat. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 79-81). / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii / PREFACE --- p.v / EXECUTIVE SUMMARY --- p.1 / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.3 / Pay Management as a tool to attain competitive advantage --- p.4 / Objective --- p.5 / Methodology --- p.5 / Chapter II. --- PAY MANAGEMENT AS A COMPETITIVE TOOL --- p.7 / Does Pay matter ？ --- p.8 / Staffing --- p.11 / Performance Management --- p.12 / Employee Development --- p.13 / Organizational Development --- p.14 / Summary --- p.15 / Chapter III. --- PAY MANAGEMENT - BEST PRACTICES --- p.17 / Simplicity and Openness --- p.19 / Consistency --- p.20 / Process Standardization --- p.22 / Ownership of Pay Management Process --- p.23 / Control --- p.24 / Pay for Performance and Competency --- p.26 / Pay for Contribution and Variable Pay --- p.27 / Incorporating Performance Management as part of Corporate Culture --- p.30 / Measurement --- p.33 / Link to Employee Development --- p.35 / Adaptability --- p.36 / Outsourcing and Strategic Center --- p.38 / Summary --- p.39 / Chapter IV. --- PAY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN HK COMPANIES --- p.40 / Modern Terminals Limited --- p.41 / Dah Sing Bank Financial Group --- p.46 / The Royal Hong Kong Jockey Club --- p.48 / Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation --- p.51 / Dow --- p.53 / Intel --- p.56 / Marks & Spencer --- p.58 / Chapter V. --- CONCLUSION --- p.61 / Corporate Vision and Mission --- p.62 / Corporate Culture --- p.64 / Organizational Structure and Company Size --- p.66 / HR Leadership and Vision --- p.67 / Employee Profile --- p.68 / Information Technology --- p.69 / Business Environment --- p.69 / Summary --- p.71 / APPENDIX --- p.72 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.79

This study examines the predictive power of restricted stock and stock option compensation on the enforcement of an Accounting and Auditing Enforcement Release. Since executives have seen substantial increases in the amount of equity incentive awards, this may incentivize management to commit financial reporting misconduct to boost the value of these awards. The magnitude of the incentive to commit financial reporting misconduct is hypothesized to be more pronounced with stock option compensation when compared with restricted stock compensation. The analysis for the 1992-2012 time period shows that the amount of stock option compensation has a positive relationship with the probability of an AAER enforcement while no such relationship exists for restricted stock. When examining this predictive probability relationship during 1992-2002 and 2003-2012, the evidence is mixed. While the amount of stock option compensation displays a positive relationship with the predicted probability of an AAER enforcement, restricted stock has a positive relationship in 1992-2002 and a negative relationship in 2003-2012.

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Envisagé d'un point de vue qualitatif, le choix de la réparation intéresse peu la doctrine française, priorité étant donnée aux difficultés relatives à l'étendue, au quantum, de la réparation. A l'exemple du thème du coût de la réparation ou encore, de la question de la réparation indirecte, qui mènent à porter la focale sur les mesures agissant sur la source du préjudice ou tendant à financer la réparation en nature de celui-ci, nombre de problèmes afférents au choix de l'aspect de la réparation sont injustement délaissés. Le constat apparaît d'autant plus regrettable que les enjeux, qui ne se limitent pas à la nécessité de préserver l'intérêt de la victime, sont souvent d'une importance majeure. Riche, complexe, la question de la détermination de la forme de la réparation, qui place naturellement le juge au centre de la réflexion, peut être appréhendée sous deux angles distincts articulant chacun théorie et pratique : celui du choix d'une mesure effectivement apte, de par sa forme, à réparer ; celui du choix de la meilleure mesure, soit, ici, de la mesure qualitativement la plus adaptée. / When examined from a qualitative standpoint, French doctrine places a priority on issues relative to the scope and quantum of compensation, and has little, if anything, to say about the form of compensation. Several issues affecting how to choose the exact form or type of compensation, such as questions involving the cost of compensation or the possibility of indirect compensation, which would bring into focus measures affecting the origin of the prejudice or tending to support damages in kind, are wrongly neglected. This finding appears all the more regrettable when it is taken into consideration that the issues surrounding a settlement, not limited merely to the need to preserve the interests of the victim, are often of major importance. Rich and complex, the question of how to determine the form of compensation, which obviously places the judge at the center of such the thinking process, can be understood from two distinct perspectives, each articulated by its own theory and practice : the choice of a measure which, by form, is effectively capable of compensating; the choice of the best measure, one that is the most adapted in qualitative terms.

The Internal Revenue Code invokes the concept of reasonableness as the major qualification for the stockholder executive compensation deduction for federal income tax purposes. However, neither the Code nor Regulations contain general guidelines for determining reasonable compensation. Consequently, disputes with the IRS are frequent, resulting in substantial litigation. The primary hypothesis of the study was that the IRS guideline variables were incapable of discriminating taxpayers who have won litigated reasonable compensation cases from those who have lost. The secondary hypothesis was that the IRS guideline variable group, the court case variable group, or the two groups combined were equally powerful in discriminating taxpayers who have won litigated reasonable compensation cases from taxpayers who have lost. The study included all unreasonable compensation cases litigated in the Tax Court from 195^ to September, 1980. Only cases related to the reasonableness of officer-shareholder compensation of closely-held corporations were included.

The mode and of harm and non-proprietary damages relating to health care The subject of this thesis is the issue of compensation of proprietary and non- proprietary damage suffered by patients during the provision of health care. Particularly, it is a damage resulting from bodily and deadly injury, which is most commonly caused by malpractice of doctors and other medical workers. Legal institute of damage compensation is of cardinal and irreplaceable importance in the area of Civil law. The thesis examines this institute from its material aspect, namely in terms of the mode and amount of compensation. First part of the work deals with the introduction of the major changes brought by the new regulation of Czech Civil law into the area of damage compensation and their potential impacts on this sphere. Subsequently, there are further definitions of compensation's content, mode and amount, their mutual relations and historical development. That is followed by presentation of the main functions of the material and non-proprietary damage compensation. The core of this work is focused on exploring the mode and amount of compensation for the different types of material and non-proprietary damage. In this part, there is widely used existing established practice of the courts, the author deals with...

Le présent essai de typologie a pour objectif une systématisation de l'usage de la compensation en tant qu'instrument du droit de l'environnement. La compensation revêt en effet des formes multiples : compensation indemnitaire, compensation réglementaire, les marchés de compensation et les paiements pour services environnementaux. Chacune de ces formes revêt des fonctions différentes, dont celles d'indemniser, de réparer, de compenser, de rationaliser, d'inciter et de gratifier. L'organisation de ces différents types représente une sophistication de l'usage de la compensation, dans une volonté de l'adapter à la protection de l'environnement, par le biais des principes et règles d'additionnalité, équité et proportionnalité. La thèse témoigne également d'une recherche croissante d'efficacité de la norme environnementale, à partir de l'utilisation complémentaire des outils de marché, en complément des outils juridiques classiques. À cet égard, les compensations indemnitaires et réglementaires relèvent d'une approche classique du droit, tandis que les marchés de compensation et les paiements pour services environnementaux ressortent d'une approche novatrice, intégrant une protection écosystémique de la nature dans la norme environnementale. Cependant, plusieurs limites à l'efficacité juridique de cet instrument sont identifiées. La compensation, sous ses différentes formes, se présente comme un outil de gestion pour équilibrer les gains et les pertes en matière économique, environnementale et sociale autour d'un enjeu environnemental. / This typology aims to systematize the use of compensation as a tool of environmental law . The compensation takes effect in multiple forms: damages compensation, regulatory compensation, compensation's markets and payments for environmental services. Each of these forms has different functions, including those to compensate, repair, to encourage and to reward. The organization of these types is quite unique as a sophisticate use of compensatory logic, adapting to the environmental, through the principles and rules on the no net loss principle, fairness and proportionality of the compensation measure in relation to what it compensate. It is also shown how the environmental standard has been improved with regard to the legal effectiveness of environmental law, from the complementary use of market tools, together with the more traditional legal tools. In this regard, compensation for environmental damages, and regulatory compensation are seen in a classical approach, while compensation's market and payments for environmental services belong to an innovative approach that integrates ecosystem conservation in the environmental standard. However, several limitations to the legal effectiveness of this instrument are identified. Compensation, in its various forms, is as a management tool to balance the gains and losses in economic, environmental and social around an environmental issue .

Workers’ compensation originated internationally because of the need to address the plight of workers and communities left destitute due to occupationally sustained disabilities or death. This study examines how the right to no-fault compensation developed in South Africa in comparison to the comparable law in Canada and Australia. Specific limitations regarding the right to workers' compensation pursuant to the South African compensatory laws were identified. Limitations identified include the persons falling within the ambit of the law, circumstances creating a right to compensation, the right to claims for increased compensation uniquely provided for in South African compensatory law and founded in the negligent conduct of employers as well as common law redress for damages. The background of the administrative remedy in the form of the right to compensation for occupational injuries and diseases ought to be seen in the light of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1996. / Mercantile Law / LL. M.

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Compensation is a discretionary concept whose determinants may not necessarily be the same in all organisations. This study reports on the extent to which a limited number of determinants of compensation, as identified in this study, namely job performance, external equity, job families, organisational tenure and employee skill, predict employee compensation in an organisation. A convenience sample was drawn from the target population in the Gauteng area. Three small and medium-sized organisations were included in the sample, which consisted of a state-owned organisation in the aviation sector, a parastatal company in the finance development sector, and a private company in the banking sector. A categorical multiple regression analysis was conducted. The findings of this study reflect a greater consistency in four of the six variables as strong predictors of employee compensation, namely employee skill, employee performance, job family and job grade. These factors are strongly related to employee compensation and are regarded as strong predictors of it. The other predictors, namely external equity and tenure, can be considered to be of marginal significance as predictors of employee compensation. However, the results also indicate that these predictors may be more significant in state-owned and parastatal companies, in comparison to private companies. In addition, the determinants of employee compensation may also depend on the type and size of the organisation.