在80年代末期與90年代初期所討論的企業運籌管理與企業再造，都是強調在企業本身的流程管理的合理化、標準化與自動化，然而在90年代末期，由於網際網路商業應用的盛行，使得原本在90年代初期學術界所提的供應鏈管理變得更加可行。供應鏈管理重視在企業間的流程整合，使供應鏈能達到整體的流程最佳化，以提供最終使用者一個低成本、高服務品質的產品，其重點即在企業間的流程整合，運用資訊科技以達到此目的是必然的。雖然供應鏈管理被提出已有十多年之久，但是文獻中大部分僅針對管理層面上，對於系統方面卻仍然停留在企業內運籌系統，因此本研究將提出一系統架構，以達成供應鏈管理之目標。 本研究將依據關於供應鏈管理．供應鏈管理系統相關之文獻，根據文獻之結果，設計一套供應鏈管理系統架構之模型，並且使用物件導向軟體開發之技術與UML建立物件模型，最後選擇其中一功能，開發一雛形系統以驗證此架構之可行性。 本研究希望達成以下的目標：1)利用軟體系統以達成供應鏈之流程整合之目標，；2)建立一供應鏈系統架構模型，以輔助資訊廠商或企業開發供應鏈系統時之系統架構參考模型；3)與遺產系統(legacy system)結合，使用XML，與物件導向技術SOAP，提供遺產系統與供應鏈系統一個整合方案；4)降低系統使用障礙，利用WWW為人機介面，可以降低使用者使用進入障礙；5)降低系統導入成本，利用Internet的特性，企業不一定需要將系統購回，可以藉由網路，到供應鏈應用系統提供者，使用系統。 / Supply chain management (SCM) is the integration of business processes from end consumeis through original suppliers that provides product, services and infoimation. By this definition, we know that SCM is a series of management processes across firms forming a supply chain network. Cooper et al. [1] stated that those processes are customer relationship management, customer service management, demand management, order fulfillment, manufacturing flows management, procurement, product development and commercialization. In this paper, we propose an architecture and an object-oriented (00) model of SCM systems. This architecture contains three main components. The first one is "System Portal" , which is an interface between users and the system objects. The second one named "Object Repository" , which is used to store objects of the SCM system, makes the development, management and usage of these objects easier. The third one is "Database" , which is a universal database to store all data of the SCM system. Then, an 00 Model is developed based on this proposed architecture. This 00 model is graphically depicted using Unified Modeling Language (UML). We believe that the proposed architecture and 00 model in this paper can be used as a reference architecture and a reference model to help system developers to easily build their-owned SCM systems.

This thesis describes application of image processing for precise distance measurement in self acting production of a tip for AFM microscopes. The main goal is to measure distances between assembly parts during fabrication process. The purpose is to acquire a data for self acting assembly line which have to substitute inaccurate and nonrecurring manual assembly process. The assembly process consists of three technological steps. In first two steps the tungsten wire is glued to the cantilever. Distance measurement is necessary in all axes for proper alignment of parts. In third step the sharp tip is etched by KOH solution. The right distance between liquid level and the cantilever must be kept. A camera with high resolution and macro objective is used to acquire an image. Camera image is then calibrated to suppress distortions and scene position with respect to camera position. Length conversion coefficient is also computed. Object recognition and distance measurement is based on standard computer vision methods, mainly: adaptive thresholding, moments, image statistics, canny edge detector, Hough transform… Proposed algorithms have been implemented in C++ using Intel OpenCV library. The final achieved distance resolution is about 10µm per pixel. Algorithm output was successfully used to assembly few test tips.

Managing a software project is an increasingly complex task as the demands on the final product increase. Competitive environment in software industry and customer needs require software developers to increasingly concern themselves with user satisfaction as a measure of quality of the final product. Therefore, e ective management is required from project design up to software maintenance. The development team is one of the most relevant resources for the success of projects, but it is also where the greatest problems are found. Using metrics is a way to help the project team to achieve its goals and objectives. The goal of this work was to use software metrics to evaluate teams and and their members in order to analyze current performance of developers. To reach this objective, literature review and case study were applied as research instruments. The literature review allowed to discover reference values for the applied metrics in order to establish criteria that served as a basis to evaluate the software involved in the research. After obtaining this knowledge, the case study was applied to two local public companies and undergraduate students from two universities. In total, thirteen softwares were evaluated, four of which were developed in companies and nine by students. A tool was selected to collect software metrics automatically and to provide the result in a format ready to be manipulated. As a result, it was verified that the evaluation of software quality by means of metrics contributes to project management, because it indicates its failures and where it should be improved. Evidence has also been discovered that using collected software metrics is useful in evaluating development team members. By means of the case study, it was discovered that team composition is important to the success of the project, and that training and experience of the members directly a ect quality of software. When analyzing the software through metrics, it was observed that the best performance was achieved by developers with more advanced training and more near experience time. In this sense, software metrics can contribute to follow both the development of the project and the decisions that cause changes in the team. / Gerenciar um projeto de software é uma tarefa cada vez mais complexa à medida que as exigências sobre o produto final aumentam. O ambiente competitivo no mercado de software e as necessidades dos clientes exigem que os desenvolvedores de software tenham preocupação cada vez maior na satisfação do usuário como uma medida da qualidade do produto final. Assim, é preciso um gerenciamento eficaz desde a concepção do projeto até a manutenção do software. A equipe de desenvolvimento é um dos recursos mais relevantes para o êxito dos projetos, mas também é onde frequentemente são encontrados os maiores problemas. O uso de métricas é uma forma de ajudar a equipe do projeto a atingir os seus objetivos e metas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi utilizar métricas de software para avaliar equipes e seus membros, analisando o desempenho atual dos desenvolvedores. Para atingir esse objetivo, nesse trabalho foram aplicados como instrumentos de pesquisa a revisão da literatura e o estudo de caso. A revisão da literatura propiciou descobrir valores referência para as métricas aplicadas, com a finalidade de estabelecer critérios que serviram de base para avaliar os softwares envolvidos na pesquisa. Após obter esses conhecimentos, foi aplicado o estudo de caso em duas empresas públicas locais e em exercícios com alunos de graduação de duas universidades. No total, foram avaliados treze softwares, sendo quatro desenvolvidos nas empresas e nove pelos estudantes. Para a aplicação das métricas, foi selecionada uma ferramenta que as coletasse automaticamente e fornecesse o resultado em um formato pronto para ser manipulado. Como resultado, foi constatado que a avaliação da qualidade do software por meio de métricas contribui na gestão de projetos, pois indica suas falhas e onde deve ser melhorado. Também foram descobertas evidências de que o uso de métricas é útil na avaliação dos membros das equipes de desenvolvimento. Por meio do estudo de caso, descobriu-se que a composição da equipe é importante para o sucesso do projeto, pois a formação e experiência dos membros afetam diretamente a qualidade do software. Ao analisar os softwares por meio de métricas, foi observado que o melhor desempenho foi alcançado por desenvolvedores com capacitação em andamento e tempo mais próximo de experiência . Neste sentido, as métricas de software podem contribuir para acompanhar tanto o desenvolvimento do projeto quanto nas decisões que causam mudanças na equipe.

The software industry is expanding at a rapid rate. To keep up with the fast-growing and ever-changing technologies, it has become necessary to produce high-quality software in a short time and at an affordable cost. This research aims to demonstrate to Java developers the use of Automated Test Case Generation (ATCG) tools by presenting the tools that exist today, their usefulness, and their effectiveness. The main focus is on the automated testing tools for the Java industry, which can help developers achieve their goals faster and make better software. Moreover, the discussion covers the availability, features, prerequisites, effectiveness, and limitations of the automated testing tools. Among these tools, the most widely used are Evosuite, JUnit, TestNG, and Selenium. Each tool has its advantages and purpose. Furthermore, these ATCG-tools were compared to provide a clear picture to Java developers, answer the research questions, and show strengths and limitations of each selected tool. Results show that there is no single ultimate tool that can do all kinds of testing independently. It all depends on what the developer aims to achieve. If one tool is good at generating unit test cases for Java classes, another tool is good at testing the code security through penetration testing. Therefore, the Java developers may choose a tool/s based on their requirements. This study has revealed captivating findings regarding the ATCG-tools, which ought to be explored in the future.