台灣在蘭花產業上扮演關鍵地位，近年來受到許多已開發國家消費者喜好，再加上蘭花高經濟價值特性，使得近年來許多國家業者紛紛投入生產，影響台灣業者原有的市場，更加上台灣蘭花業者以往對於智慧財產的不重視，許多優良品種缺乏專利或品種權保護，而紛紛遭受國外竊取流失，對於智慧財產權的管理及應用，也缺乏一套完整的方法論，來體現智慧財產的價值。本研究企圖以周延鵬老師所提出之「智慧資源規劃」方法論，並針對主要蘭花市場國家，包括美國、歐盟、日本、台灣，分別以產業結構（產業面）、各國植物品種保護制度（法規面）和業者實地訪談（市場面）所遭遇之現況及面臨之問題進行分析。針對三構面的分析結果，本研究提出「蘭花產業智慧資源規劃模型」，以蘭花產業結構、智慧財產群集與組合、企業營運機能作為整體模型之基礎，並以該基礎架構進行蘭花產業商業模式設計，以產業整合、品種權佈局、產品組合和智慧財產之交易與行銷進行設計，最後再以資訊網路平台將各段之資訊進行分析及流通，配合組織營運規劃，使公司能藉由本論文所提出之智慧資源規劃模型，加強於全球之競爭力。 / Taiwan acted as a crucial role in the worldwide orchid industry these years. Orchids become more popular in many countries and the high economic value attracts lots of the companies to involve in. The ignorance and depreciation of intellectual property in the past cause that many unprotected plant varieties were copied by foreign industries without licensing. Moreover, the lacks of IP management methodology make it difficult to embody the value of orchid intellectual property. This thesis aims to offer some possible solutions for the dilemma of Taiwan orchid industries in a way of “Intelligence Resources Planning (IPR),” proposed by Yen Pong Jou. The analysis will begin with the comparisons of some major countries of orchid industry, including the U.S., Europe, Japan and Taiwan, from their industrial structure, legal regulation concerning plant patent protections and interviews with industries. Following the situation and difficulties observed, this thesis proposes an ”Intelligence Resources Planning in Orchid Industry Model.” The model is design on the base of industrial structure, intellectual property combinations and business management mechanism, including integration of industry, IP strategy of plant variety in different countries, product combinations, and IP marketing and trades. This information will be circulated and analyzed through an internet platform. Through the information sharing, the model aims to enhance Taiwan orchid industry’s competitiveness in the global market.

A Mata Atlântica é considerada uma das grandes prioridades para a conservação de biodiversidade em todo o continente americano. Este bioma é um dos oito hotspots do planeta e caracteriza-se pelo alto grau de endemismo e pela alta diversidade de espécies que encerra. As abelhas Euglossini estão restritas à região Neotropical, com uma faixa de distribuição que se estende desde o Norte do México até a província de Córdoba, na Argentina. As espécies dessa tribo são abundantes em florestas tropicais úmidas/chuvosas e florestas subtropicais da América Central e América do Sul onde ocorrem em maior diversidade. Em virtude do alto impacto causado pelas ações humanas em áreas de Mata Atlântica e o pouco que se conhece sobre sua diversidade, este trabalho propõe um estudo geral sobre a estrutura das comunidades de espécies de Euglossini presentes em uma área de planície litorânea continental, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar - Núcleo Picinguaba (PESM), e uma área insular, Parque Estadual da Ilha Anchieta (PEIA), no município de Ubatuba, norte de São Paulo, Brasil. O PESM abrange uma área de aproximadamente 47.500 hectares e quase todos os ecossitemas da Mata Atlântica são encontrados em seus domínios. O PEIA cobre toda a extensão da Ilha Anchieta (828 hectares), distante cerca de 600 m do continente. As coletas foram realizadas mensalmente, de Agosto/2007 a Julho/2009, com o uso de 14 compostos aromáticos utilizados como iscas artificiais para a atração de machos, além de indivíduos coletados em flores. Mil quinhentos e setenta e seis espécimes (73 fêmeas e 1503 machos), pertencentes a 24 espécies, foram registrados no presente trabalho. A espécie mais abundante foi Euglossa cordata (36,4%), seguida por Euglossa iopoecila (13,9%) e Euglossa sapphirina (13,3%). Dezoito espécies foram amostradas na Ilha Anchieta, sendo que quatro delas foram exclusivas desta área, ao passo que 20 espécies foram amostradas no PESM e seis delas foram registradas apenas neste local. Na Ilha Anchieta, Eg. cordata representou 63,2%, quase dois terços do total de espécies coletadas. Já em Picinguaba, Eg. iopoecila (23,0%) e Eg. sapphirina (21,0%) foram as duas espécies dominantes. A espécie Eg. iopoecila, a mais abundante na área continental, não foi registrada na llha e Eg. sapphirina, a segunda espécie mais frequente no PESM, foi representada apenas por nove indivíduos na Ilha Anchieta e por 200 em Picinguaba. Estes dados sugerem que essas duas espécies podem atuar como bioindicadores de ambientes preservados, como sugerido para outras espécies de Euglossini. Por outro lado, alguns autores evidenciaram que Eg. cordata é uma espécie favorecida por ambientes perturbados, o que pode estar associado à sua alta abundância na Ilha Anchieta. Dados de literatura mostram que há um sinal evidente de perturbação ambiental, além da perda de espécies, é a dominância de algumas espécies. A Ilha Anchieta apresenta um longo histórico de ocupação humana e diversas espécies de plantas e animais foram introduzidos em seus domínios. / The Atlantic Forest is considered as one of the highest priorities for the conservation of biodiversity in the American continent. This biome is one of the eight biodiversity hotspots in the world and is characterized by high species diversity and endemism. Euglossini bees are restricted to the Neotropics, with a geographic range that extends from northern Mexico to the Córdoba Province in Argentine. Species from this tribe are abundant in humid and rainy tropical forests and in sub-tropical forests of Central and South America, where their diversity is high. Due to the high impact caused by human activities in the Atlantic Forest and the poor knowledge on its biodiversity, in the present study we assessed the community structure of the Euglossini in a coastal lowland area: Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar - Núcleo Picinguaba (PESM); and in an insular area: Parque Estadual da Ilha Anchieta (PEIA), Ubatuba, both located in northern São Paulo State, Brazil. PESM has an area of approximately 47.500 ha and almost all ecosystems of the Atlantic Forest are found within its domains. PEIA covers all the extension of the Anchieta Island (828 ha), about 600 m away from the continent. Sampling was carried out monthly, from August 2007 to July 2009, using artificial baits with 14 aromatic compounds to attract males, as well as by collecting individuals on flowers. One thousand five hundred and seventy-six specimens (73 females and 1,503 males), represented by 24 species were recorded. The most abundant species was Euglossa cordata (36.4%), followed by Euglossa iopoecila (13.9%) and Euglossa sapphirina (13.3%). Eighteen species were sampled on Anchieta Island and four of them were exclusive to this area; whereas 20 species were sampled in PESM and six of them were only recorded there. On Anchieta Island, E. cordata represented almost two thirds of the total species collected (63.2%). In Picinguaba, E. iopoecila (23.0%) and E. sapphirina (21.0%) were the dominant species. E. iopoecila, the most abundant species in the continental area, was not recorded on the island, and E. sapphirina, the second most frequent species in PESM, was represented only by nine individuals on Anchieta Island and by 200 in Picinguaba. Results suggest that these two species may act as bioindicators of preserved environments, as suggested for other Euglossini species. However, some authors evidenced that E. cordata is favored by disturbed environments, which may be associated with its high abundance on Anchieta Island. Other studies show that an evident sign of environmental perturbation, besides species loss, is the dominance of some species. Anchieta Island exhibits a long history of human occupation and several plant and animal species were introduced there.

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2015-07-29T01:06:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o Final_Renata Lee Medeiros.pdf: 1857499 bytes, checksum: eabb755377f3d7836668b4bae4c796fc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-29T01:06:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o Final_Renata Lee Medeiros.pdf: 1857499 bytes, checksum: eabb755377f3d7836668b4bae4c796fc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-14 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia - FAPEB / The abiotic factors as the temperature, relative humidity, precipitation and altitude can exert influence in community Euglossine bees. The objectives of this study were 1 ? To Identify the Euglossine bees species occurring in a restricted area from dense Ombrophilous Forest in the Environmental Protection Area of the Pratigi - Southern Bahia; 2 ? To Characterize the monthly fluctuations in local abundance of these species, 3 ? To Analyze if the abiotic factors (temperature, precipitation, humidity and altitude) affected the composition, richness and abundance of Euglossine bees throughout the year; 4 ? To Check if there was a change in composition Euglossine bees species in an altitudinal gradient coastal to the continent. Euglossine males were collected one a month, for twelve months, from 9:00 am to 3:00 pm, with aromatic traps containing methyl cinnamate, vanillin, eucalyptol, benzyl acetate, methyl salicylate, eugenol and ?-Ionone. A total of 1947 males distributed among 3 genera and 25 species were collected. The most abundant species were Euglossa carolina and Euglossa ignita. Two peaks of abundance were observed, the larger one in the dry season. There wasn?t significant influence of abiotic variables (temperature, humidity, precipitation and altitude) on species richness. The abundance was influenced by temperature and humidity. The Diversity (H?) and Dominance were influenced by altitude. The study reveal the importance of preserving Euglossine bees species in different phytophysiognomies within the same biome, once different phytophysiognomies can alter the pattern of richness and abundance of Euglossine bees species in the environment. / Os fatores abi?ticos como temperatura, umidade relativa, caracter?sticas de precipita??o e altitude podem exercer influencia sobre a comunidade de Euglossina. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram 1- Identificar as esp?cies de abelhas Euglossina que ocorrem em uma ?rea restrita de Floresta Ombr?fila Densa na APA do Pratigi ? Baixo Sul da Bahia; 2- Caracterizar a flutua??o mensal na abund?ncia local destas esp?cies; 3-Analisar se os fatores abi?ticos (temperatura, pluviosidade, umidade, e altitude) influenciaram a composi??o, riqueza e abund?ncia de abelhas Euglossina ao longo do ano; 4-Verificar se houve altera??o na composi??o de esp?cies de abelhas Euglossina em um gradiente altitudinal no sentido litoral-interior. Os machos das esp?cies foram amostrados uma vez por m?s, durante um ano, entre 09:00 e 15:00 h, com o aux?lio de armadilhas arom?ticas contendo cinamato de metila, vanilina, eucaliptol, acetato de benzila, salicilato de metila, eugenol e beta-ionona. Foram coletados 1947 machos pertencentes 3 g?neros e 25 esp?cies. As esp?cies mais abundantes foram Euglossa carolina e Euglossa ignita. A comunidade de Euglossina apresentou diferentes padr?es de flutua??o mensal nas diferentes fitofisionomias na APA do Pratigi. De um modo geral, em todas as ?reas, os maiores picos de abund?ncia ocorreram no per?odo seco. N?o houve influencia significativa das var?veis abi?ticas (temperatura, umidade, precipita??o e altitude) sobre a riqueza de esp?cies. A abund?ncia sofreu influencia positiva da temperatura, negativa da umidade e n?o sofreu influencia da precipita??o e altitude. A Diversidade H? e a Domin?ncia sofreram influencia apenas da altitude. O estudo revela a import?ncia da preserva??o de esp?cies de Euglossina em diferentes forma??es fitofisionomicas dentro do mesmo bioma, uma vez que diferen?as na fitofisionomia podem alterar o padr?o de riqueza e abund?ncia de abelhas Euglossina no ambiente.

臺灣農業有優良的傳統，曾經以優越的生產技術，良好的品質，在外銷市場上，屢創佳績。本文首先探討當前農業發展的困境，源自於過度注重生產導向思維，忽略產業鏈上下游息息相關的產業結構，忽略行銷通路的發展，忽略知識經濟中，創新服務的附加價值。 近年來，蝴蝶蘭產業揚名國際，博得蝴蝶蘭王國美譽。分析蝴蝶蘭產業的價值傳遞過程，發現台灣蝴蝶蘭產業，正逐漸步入早期傳統農業的後塵，策略發展以生產能力為核心。這個營運策略為擴張規模，增加產能，以期降低成本，在市場上以價格競爭為手段。對於一個產業而言，這是一個危險的訊號。 今以蝴蝶蘭產業為例，深究台灣農業是否可以從企業經營觀點，健全產業結構，發掘更多附加價值。這個問題的答案存在於以無形資產創價的觀念，以現有良好的生產技術為後盾，結合農業科技智慧財產、聯合行銷與品牌經營，是未來台灣農業應該努力發展的三大策略主軸。 在此一策略思維主軸下，許多創新事業模式可以發展，包括農業生物科技公司，品質認證公司，拍賣公司，行銷公司，溫室營建公司等，或為周邊產業，或為上下游，唇齒相依。農產業一如其他產業，應思考佔據產業關鍵地位，方能提升議價能力，擁有競爭優勢。這些創新事業的特色為科技運用，服務事業，重視品質，最終以品牌經營為依歸。活絡創新事業，將現代化科技與服務精神引入農產事業，這是一場無產經營的變革，成功關鍵在發揮合作精神與善用優質人力。創造的無形資產價值，有一天可以超越農產品本身的價格。 / Agriculture had helped Taiwan earn economic advance in the early time, but went in vain and into history without sustained development. What constrains agriculture itself is the production-centered mind setting. Recently, moth orchid export has become a rising star among other horticulture products. Through analysis of Taiwan orchid value chain, it is found that orchid industry is stepping into the same path of traditional agriculture practice. Individual orchid farmers focus on enlarging greenhouse coverage in order to reduce cost and to win a price-based war. Discussion is made to ask if business management can be integrated into Taiwan agricultural practice. With good field practice technique supporting, intellectual property protection of biotechnology, brand operation and cooperative marketing should be three main strategies for future development of Taiwan agriculture. Agriculture, just like other business operation, should develop strategy to gain advantage in key position to win competition advantages. The characters of these innovative operational models are applications of current technology, service oriented, emphasis on quality, and ends in good brand management. Taiwan orchid farmers should also realize only through cooperative efforts, they can prevail. In the future, agriculture should recruit quality human resource in all aspects including business management, technology, engineering and service. Value generation by new business models producing intangible assets are proposed and discussed.

A Mata Atlântica é considerada uma das grandes prioridades para a conservação de biodiversidade em todo o continente americano. Este bioma é um dos oito hotspots do planeta e caracteriza-se pelo alto grau de endemismo e pela alta diversidade de espécies que encerra. As abelhas Euglossini estão restritas à região Neotropical, com uma faixa de distribuição que se estende desde o Norte do México até a província de Córdoba, na Argentina. As espécies dessa tribo são abundantes em florestas tropicais úmidas/chuvosas e florestas subtropicais da América Central e América do Sul onde ocorrem em maior diversidade. Em virtude do alto impacto causado pelas ações humanas em áreas de Mata Atlântica e o pouco que se conhece sobre sua diversidade, este trabalho propõe um estudo geral sobre a estrutura das comunidades de espécies de Euglossini presentes em uma área de planície litorânea continental, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar - Núcleo Picinguaba (PESM), e uma área insular, Parque Estadual da Ilha Anchieta (PEIA), no município de Ubatuba, norte de São Paulo, Brasil. O PESM abrange uma área de aproximadamente 47.500 hectares e quase todos os ecossitemas da Mata Atlântica são encontrados em seus domínios. O PEIA cobre toda a extensão da Ilha Anchieta (828 hectares), distante cerca de 600 m do continente. As coletas foram realizadas mensalmente, de Agosto/2007 a Julho/2009, com o uso de 14 compostos aromáticos utilizados como iscas artificiais para a atração de machos, além de indivíduos coletados em flores. Mil quinhentos e setenta e seis espécimes (73 fêmeas e 1503 machos), pertencentes a 24 espécies, foram registrados no presente trabalho. A espécie mais abundante foi Euglossa cordata (36,4%), seguida por Euglossa iopoecila (13,9%) e Euglossa sapphirina (13,3%). Dezoito espécies foram amostradas na Ilha Anchieta, sendo que quatro delas foram exclusivas desta área, ao passo que 20 espécies foram amostradas no PESM e seis delas foram registradas apenas neste local. Na Ilha Anchieta, Eg. cordata representou 63,2%, quase dois terços do total de espécies coletadas. Já em Picinguaba, Eg. iopoecila (23,0%) e Eg. sapphirina (21,0%) foram as duas espécies dominantes. A espécie Eg. iopoecila, a mais abundante na área continental, não foi registrada na llha e Eg. sapphirina, a segunda espécie mais frequente no PESM, foi representada apenas por nove indivíduos na Ilha Anchieta e por 200 em Picinguaba. Estes dados sugerem que essas duas espécies podem atuar como bioindicadores de ambientes preservados, como sugerido para outras espécies de Euglossini. Por outro lado, alguns autores evidenciaram que Eg. cordata é uma espécie favorecida por ambientes perturbados, o que pode estar associado à sua alta abundância na Ilha Anchieta. Dados de literatura mostram que há um sinal evidente de perturbação ambiental, além da perda de espécies, é a dominância de algumas espécies. A Ilha Anchieta apresenta um longo histórico de ocupação humana e diversas espécies de plantas e animais foram introduzidos em seus domínios. / The Atlantic Forest is considered as one of the highest priorities for the conservation of biodiversity in the American continent. This biome is one of the eight biodiversity hotspots in the world and is characterized by high species diversity and endemism. Euglossini bees are restricted to the Neotropics, with a geographic range that extends from northern Mexico to the Córdoba Province in Argentine. Species from this tribe are abundant in humid and rainy tropical forests and in sub-tropical forests of Central and South America, where their diversity is high. Due to the high impact caused by human activities in the Atlantic Forest and the poor knowledge on its biodiversity, in the present study we assessed the community structure of the Euglossini in a coastal lowland area: Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar - Núcleo Picinguaba (PESM); and in an insular area: Parque Estadual da Ilha Anchieta (PEIA), Ubatuba, both located in northern São Paulo State, Brazil. PESM has an area of approximately 47.500 ha and almost all ecosystems of the Atlantic Forest are found within its domains. PEIA covers all the extension of the Anchieta Island (828 ha), about 600 m away from the continent. Sampling was carried out monthly, from August 2007 to July 2009, using artificial baits with 14 aromatic compounds to attract males, as well as by collecting individuals on flowers. One thousand five hundred and seventy-six specimens (73 females and 1,503 males), represented by 24 species were recorded. The most abundant species was Euglossa cordata (36.4%), followed by Euglossa iopoecila (13.9%) and Euglossa sapphirina (13.3%). Eighteen species were sampled on Anchieta Island and four of them were exclusive to this area; whereas 20 species were sampled in PESM and six of them were only recorded there. On Anchieta Island, E. cordata represented almost two thirds of the total species collected (63.2%). In Picinguaba, E. iopoecila (23.0%) and E. sapphirina (21.0%) were the dominant species. E. iopoecila, the most abundant species in the continental area, was not recorded on the island, and E. sapphirina, the second most frequent species in PESM, was represented only by nine individuals on Anchieta Island and by 200 in Picinguaba. Results suggest that these two species may act as bioindicators of preserved environments, as suggested for other Euglossini species. However, some authors evidenced that E. cordata is favored by disturbed environments, which may be associated with its high abundance on Anchieta Island. Other studies show that an evident sign of environmental perturbation, besides species loss, is the dominance of some species. Anchieta Island exhibits a long history of human occupation and several plant and animal species were introduced there.

No description available.

Данная работа содержит 52 страницы машинописного текста, включая 19 рисунков, 1 таблицу и 106 литературных источников. Работа посвящена изучению разнообразия совокупности признаков корней четырех семейств однодольных растений – Orchidaceae Juss., Iridaceae L., Poaceae Barnhart и Cyperaceae Juss., в условиях бореальной климатической зоны. В анализ вошли материалы, предоставленные научным руководителем (данные по строению корней представителей семейств Orchidaceae, Poaceae, Cyperaceae) и оригинальные сборы. Цель – выявить разнообразие синдромов корневых признаков у четырех семейств однодольных растений бореальной зоны. Для достижения цели были поставлены следующие задачи: изучить строение поглощающих корней представителей семейств Orchidaceae, Iridaceae, Poaceae, Cyperaceae; изучить внешние признаки корневых систем представителей семейств Orchidaceae, Iridaceae, Poaceae, Cyperaceae; сравнить комплекс количественных и качественных признаков в масштабе всей корневой системы у таксонов с разными типами микориз, а также с преобладанием немикоризных видов. С помощью классических методов структурной ботаники были изучены внешние признаки корневых систем и строение поглощающих корней. Получали микротомные срезы поглощающих корней, которые анализировали под микроскопом Leica DM 5000 в светлом поле и в синих лучах длиной волны 365 нм (флуоресцентная микроскопия). С помощью окулярмикрометра измеряли диаметр корня и стелы, толщину коры, длину корневых волосков, подсчитывали число сосудов ксилемы. На продольных препаратах определяли встречаемость корневых волосков. Число порядков ветвления корневой системы фиксировали по функциональной классификации [McCormack et al., 2015]. Установление микоризации выполняли методом световой микроскопии (Leica DM 5000; ×100) после предварительной мацерации корней в КОН и окрашивания анилиновым синим [Селиванов, 1981]. Обработка данных производилась в программе EXCEL, а с помощью программы STATISTICA был проведен однофакторный дисперсионный анализ ANOVA. Результаты исследований показали, что корни разных таксонов однодольных сильно различаются по внешнему и внутреннему строению. Были выявлены синдромы корневых признаков: Orchidaceae – толстые не ветвящиеся корни с сильно развитой специализированной микоризой, с относительно толстой корой и стелой, длинными корневыми волосками и без выраженной экзодермы; Iridaceae – толстые сильно разветвленные корни с мощной экзодермой, короткими редко встречающимися корневыми волосками и интенсивной АМ; Poaceae – тонкие разветвленные корни с невыраженной экзодермой, с короткими, часто встречающимися корневыми волосками и интенсивной АМ; Cyperaceae – тонкие, сильно разветвленные корни с хорошо развитыми корневыми волосками и другими приспособлениями к автономному почвенному питанию, АМ встречается редко. / This work contains 52 pages of typewritten text, including 19 figures, 1 table and 106 literature sources. The work is devoted to the study of the diversity of the totality of the traits of the roots of four families of monocotyledonous plants – Orchidaceae Juss., Iridaceae L., Poaceae Barnhart and Cyperaceae Juss., in the conditions of the boreal climatic zone. The analysis included materials provided by the scientific advisor (data on the structure of roots of representatives of the families Orchidaceae, Poaceae, Cyperaceae) and original collections. The goal is to identify the diversity of root trait syndromes in four families of monocotyledonous plants in the boreal zone. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were set: to study the structure of absorbing roots of representatives of the families Orchidaceae, Iridaceae, Poaceae, Cyperaceae; to study the external signs of root systems of representatives of the families Orchidaceae, Iridaceae, Poaceae, Cyperaceae; to compare the complex of quantitative and qualitative characters on the scale of the entire root system in taxa with different types of mycorrhizal, as well as with a predominance of nonmycorrhizal species. Using classical methods of structural botany, the external signs of root systems and the structure of absorbing roots were studied. Received microtome sections of absorbing roots, which were analyzed under a Leica DM 5000 microscope in a bright field and in blue beams with a wavelength of 365 nm (fluorescence microscopy). Using an eyepiece micrometer, the following was measured: the diameter of the root and stele, the thickness of the cortex, the length of root hairs, and the number of xylem vessels was counted. On longitudinal preparations, the occurrence of root hairs was determined. The number of orders of branching of the root system was fixed according to the functional classification [McCormack et al., 2015]. Mycorrhiza was determined by light microscopy (Leica DM 5000; × 100) after preliminary maceration of the roots in KOH and staining with aniline blue [Selivanov, 1981]. The data were processed using the EXCEL program, and the one-way ANOVA was carried out using the STATISTICA program. The research results showed that the roots of different monocotyledonous taxa differ greatly in their external and internal structure. Syndromes of root signs were identified: Orchidaceae – thick non-branching roots of with highly developed specialized mycorrhiza, with relatively thick bark and stele, long root hairs and without pronounced exoderm; Iridaceae – thick, highly branched roots of with powerful exoderm, short rare root hairs and intense AM; Poaceae – thin branched roots of with an indistinct exoderm, with short, frequently occurring root hairs and intense AM; Cyperaceae – thin, highly branched roots of with well-developed root hairs and other adaptations to autonomous soil nutrition, AM is rare.

The topic of my master's thesis is a study of the vegetation of areas near "Úštěk", which is locale in north of Bohemia. Specifically location: Stráň mezi Dolními Řepčicemi a Záhořany/Stráň u Velkého Újezdu, Stráně u Drahobuzi, Stráně u Svářenic/U Malešova, Stráň u Vědlic, les Na Černčí, Bílé stráně u Litoměřic and V kuksu. The main objective was compare to the locations where the species formerly occured to locations with simultaneous concurrent and classify current plant communities and prepare relevés. It was also investigated the dependence of occurrence of the species O. insectifera on the following factors: the type of habitat, elevation, slope and exposure. It demonstrated the positive correlation species on slope was proved. Most exemplar (in 2015) occurred on a location Stráň Svářenic/U Malešova ( 140) and at least in location of Kuks ( 11). The output are maps of locations localizations incidence of the species. The current resultrs were compared with the surveys from previous years.