京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(経済学) / 甲第20652号 / 経博第552号 / 新制||経||282(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院経済学研究科経済学専攻 / (主査)教授 黒澤 隆文, 教授 渡辺 純子, 准教授 COLPAN Meziyet Asli / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Economics / Kyoto University / DFAM

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, University of the Witwatersrand, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Management, specialising in Entrepreneurship and New Venture Creation Johannesburg, 2016 / The main thrust of this study was to investigate and explain the influence of human, social and financial capital on the internationalisation of SMMEs in South Africa in the context of women entrepreneurs. A cross-sectional quantitative study was employed on a sample of 135 women-owned SMMEs, by way of an online survey. This tested the association between social, human and financial capital, and the degree of internationalisation of women-owned SMMEs. This study revealed that women entrepreneurs in South Africa do not view international social ties and business networks, and financial capital availability as significant barriers to determining the degree of internationalisation. On the other hand, the study showed that women within this context believe that international education, knowledge and experience all play key roles in inducing the degree of internationalisation. The study suggests that the results may have deviated from widely accepted theories, due to emerging markets being different from developed economies, in which the majority of empirical studies have thus far been conducted. The findings strengthened the emerging, but sparsely researched second approach to the resource-based theory, which suggest that SMMEs internationalise to gain access to entrepreneurial capitals. The study further revealed that women entrepreneurs that had internationalised did so, through industries in which women are typically under-represented. Although not pervasive in literature, women entrepreneurs within South Africa were motivated to internationalise mainly due to external growth prospects and not by poor domestic demand. / MT2016

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Background As people become more aware of environmental protection, green purchasing has gradually become a trend among consumers. Social media, as an emerging marketing approach, has also started to gain more and more companies' attention and application. Therefore, this study will explore the relationship between different types of social media and green purchasing behaviour. Purpose The aim of this paper is to explain how social media marketing (Owned Media, Earned Media and Paid Media) affects consumer' green purchasing behaviour in Chinese market. Methodology This study is based on positivism, and the researchers conducted the study through a quantitative research approach by developing a quantifiable online questionnaire and placing it on different social media platforms. The respondents of this study were in the age range of 18 to 39 years old, and they were highly followers of social media. Finally the researchers collected 264 effective questionnaires and entered them into SPSS and analyzed the data through descriptive and multiple regression analyses, KMO tests and Cronbach's Alphas. Findings The different types of social media marketing (Owned Media, Earned Media, and Paid Media) have a positive impact on Chinese consumers' green purchasing behaviour.

Introducing private capital and employing mixed-ownership structure are effective means and inevitable choices to enhance the vitality, control and influence of state-owned economy. An effective corporate governance structure that matches the mixed-ownership reform of state-owned enterprises is the key to the success of the reform. This study suggests that the mixed-ownership reform and corporate governance practices under the Singapore Temasek mode provide China with important experience in separating government functions from enterprise management, the system of board of directors, highly independent market-oriented operation, open and diversified international employment and value-based motivation and assessment. The empirical study shows that a company's shareholding ratio of the top five shareholders, total compensation of board members, total compensation of senior officers, shareholding ratio of the board of directors, shareholding ratio of senior officers are positively related to corporate performance, while the degree of check-and-balance ownership structure, the separation of rights of chairman and general manager, and the proportion of independent directors are negatively related to corporate performance. In addition, there is a big difference in the relationship between corporate governance and corporate performance under different types of controllers.The mixed-ownership reform practice of Northern International Trust Co., Ltd. in Tianjin was analyzed as a case study. This paper presents reform suggestions on such aspects as improving the relationship between the Tianjin Municipal Government and the state-owned capital investment platform by the mixed-ownership reform, the design of the corporate governance mechanism of the state-owned capital investment platform, and the design of corporate governance of participating and holding enterprises of state-owned capital investment platform based on the case study and the experience and theoretical results of the Singapore Temasek mode. / Business Administration/Strategic Management

This thesis uses data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) from 1991 to 2004 to estimate the short-term effects of parental unemployment on children's health through exogenous shocks from state-owned enterprise reforms at the end of the last century by employing fixed effects and instrumental variables methods. Findings show that parental unemployment decreases children's weight z-scores and reduces the frequency with which children have been ill or hurt in the past month. It also significantly affects children's nutrient intake over the past three days, particularly evident in low-income families and adolescent groups.

[pt] No início dos anos 1990, o governo brasileiro executou um dos maiores programas de privatização no mundo. Com microdados de firmas brasileiras, nós estudamos se a privatização levou a uma redução nos custos de produção das empresas estatais. A literatura passada avaliou se a privatização levou a um aumento na produtividade total dos fatores (PTF). Nós argumentamos que a privatização pode afetar os custos de produção por outro mecanismo além da PTF: as estatais podem sofrer distorções que as impedem de escolher a cesta de insumos que minimiza custo, e a privatização pode mitigar essas distorções. Ao estimar a função de produção, nós podemos não apenas estimar a PTF, mas também podemos escrever as condições de primeira ordem do problema de minimização de custos e obter uma medida dessas distorções. Nossos resultados sugerem que as empresas aumentam sua PTF após a privatização e fazem melhores alocações de capital. De acordo com nossos resultados, no longo prazo, a melhora nas decisões de alocação responde por 14.37 por cento da redução de custo após a privatização. / [en] In the early 1990s, the Brazilian government carried out one of the largest privatization programs in the world. With microdata on Brazilian firms, we study whether privatization has reduced the costs of production of State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs). Past literature has assessed whether privatization has increased firms total factor productivity (TFP). We argue that privatization could impact the costs of production by another mechanism besides TFP: SOEs may exhibit distortions that prevent them from choosing the cost-minimizing mix of inputs, and privatization may mitigate these distortions. By estimating the production function, we can not only estimate the TFP of firms but also write the first-order conditions of the cost minimization problem and obtain a measure of these distortions. Our results suggest firms enhance their TFP following privatization and make better allocations of capital. According to our results, in the long run, the improvement in the allocation decision accounts for 14.37per cent of the cost reduction after privatization.

Today, Sweden suffers from a shortage of housing in many of the country's growth areas, a shortage of housing that hardens the country's growth and the creation of new jobs. Svenskt Näringsliv believes that several measures are needed to solve the shortcoming. (Svenskt Näringsliv 2019) The structures in housing policy therefore need to be reviewed and a longterm solution is a must. In the short term, however, there is a possible saving in the country's tenant-owned apartments that, with more generous rules on subleasing, could provide a necessary supplement to temporary housing where needed. According to the current provisions of Bostadsrättslagen, a tenant-owner may sublease his apartment if the board of the tenant owners’ co-operative agrees to this. In cases where consent is not required, the tenant-owner has the opportunity to turn to Hyresnämnden, which will test the interests of the two parties against each other in order to decide the issue. Thus, it can be stated that it is not up to the tenant-owner himself to decide whether he can sublease his apartment. The revisions that have been made since Bostadsrättslagen was issued have been to the benefit of the tenant-owner. Despite this there are today various restrictions that prevents the tenant-owner from freely subleasing his apartment. The purpose of this essay has therefore been to clarify the reasoning behind the provisions of the regulations, test its relevance based on the current situation and finally to analyse whether it is appropriate to introduce free provisions on subleasing, for independent use, to the advantage of the tenant-owner. In order to investigate this, an overall literature study was first conducted to map the extent of the issue in sources of law. Subsequently, an in-depth analysis of the sources of law, considered relevant regarded to the purpose of the thesis, was performed. The sources of law that were processed in this essay were laws, proposition of laws and government reports. Consequently, case law and parliament reports has not been addressed in this paper. Lastly, the question was answered with anchoring in the in-depth literature analysis. The conclusion is that it is appropriate to introduce free subleasing in Bostadsrättslagen if the benefits of this provision outweigh the scope of the work that a revision of the law could entail. / Sverige lider idag av en brist på bostäder i många av landets tillväxtorter, en bostadsbrist som slår hårt mot landets tillväxt och skapandet av nya jobb. Svenskt näringsliv menar på att flera åtgärder behövs för att lösa bristen. (Svenskt Näringsliv 2019) Strukturerna i bostadspolitiken behöver därmed ses över och en långsiktig lösning är ett måste. På kort sikt finns dock ett tänkbart sparkapital i landets bostadsrätter som, vid generösare regler om andrahandsupplåtelse för självständigt brukande, hade kunnat tillföra ett nödvändigt tillskott på tillfälliga bostäder där det behövs. Enligt dagens bestämmelser i bostadsrättslagen får en bostadsrättshavare upplåta sin lägenhet i andrahand om bostadsrättsföreningens styrelse samtycker till detta. I de fall samtycke ej erhålls har bostadsrättshavaren möjlighet att vända sig till hyresnämnden, vilken prövar de två parternas intressen mot varandra för att avgöra frågan. Således kan det konstateras att det inte är upp till bostadsrättshavaren själv att avgöra om denne kan hyra ut sin lägenhet. De revideringar som genomförts sedan bostadsrättslagen infördes har varit till fördel för bostadsrättshavaren, trots detta har denne idag således diverse inskränkningar som hindrar denne från att fritt upplåta sin lägenhet i andra hand. Denna uppsats syfte har därför varit att klarlägga resonemanget bakom bestämmelsernas utformning, pröva dess relevans utifrån dagens rådande situation och slutligen analysera om det är lämpligt att i bostadsrättslagen införa bestämmelser som möjliggör fri andrahandsupplåtelse. För att utreda detta genomfördes först en övergripande litteraturstudie för att kartlägga frågans utbredning i juridiska rättskällor. Därefter utfördes en djupgående analys av de rättskällor som ansågs relevanta med hänsyn till uppsatsens syfte. De rättskällor som behandlades var lagar, propositioner och statliga betänkanden inom området. Rättspraxis och riksdagsbetänkanden har följaktligen inte berörts i denna uppsats. Slutligen besvarades frågeställningen med förankring i den djupgående litteraturanalysen. Slutsatsen i denna uppsats är att det är lämpligt att i bostadsrättslagen införa bestämmelser som möjliggör fri andrahandsupplåtelse om fördelarna denna bestämmelse medför väger tyngre än omfattningen av det arbete en revidering av lagen skulle kunna innebära.

Thesis advisor: Richard Sweeney / The main Investor-Owned Utilities in California charge electricity prices that are way above the social marginal cost of consuming electricity. This results in economic inefficiency which previous studies prove to have negative implications for inequality and to slow down the electrification of the transportation sector. This paper seeks to build on the existing knowledge by investigating how the high electricity prices affect low and high income house-holds’ electric vehicle adoption differently in California, and it aims to quantify the extent of such difference. The results show that EV adoption among low income households would be considerably higher under efficient retail pricing, and that low income households are more negatively affected than their high income counterparts. However, the results relative to high income households specifically are inconclusive, and therefore the extent to which the two income groups are affected differently cannot be determined. Further research should tackle this issue by including additional variables such as income by year and EV quality, as well as more granular gasoline price data. / Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2023. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Departmental Honors. / Discipline: Economics.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(経済学) / 甲第24961号 / 経博第675号 / 新制||経||304(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院経済学研究科経済学専攻 / (主査)教授 黒澤 隆文, 准教授 IVINGS Steven, 教授 坂出 健, 教授 Stokes Ray / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Economics / Kyoto University / DFAM