This thesis investigates whether players in the National Hockey League overperform during the last year of their contract. This phenomenon is called the contract year phenomenon and suggests that players have financial incentives to perform better during this specific season. Previous research has shown evidence of this phenomenon in the National Basketball Association and some evidence in Major League Baseball. To investigate this we have used data from 6 season in the NHL between 2016 to 2022. A linear regression was conducted to identify the relationship between points per hour and contract year. A negative relationship between the variables were identified, probably due to the fact that worse players tend to sign shorter contracts, getting a contract year more often. When fixed effect regression was conducted to compare individual players with themselves over time, no significant relationship between the variables was observed, indicating that there is no evidence of the contract year phenomenon in the NHL. The non existing effect remains when looking at specific contract statuses and position in combination with the contract year variable.

<p>While literature on sexual minority issues is limited, there is evidence supporting poor retention rate among lesbian, gay, and bisexual students (LGB) studying science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). STEM fields often have heterosexist environments that present unique barriers to LGB individuals, though, more must be done to understand factors that deter sexual minorities from entering and remaining in the field. I aim to contribute to the scarce LGB scholarship by examining the STEM climate and exploring factors related to persistence.</p><p> This dissertation is composed of two independent articles that each investigate the issue of underrepresentation of LGB individuals in STEM fields. The first article analyzes existing literature and calls on counseling psychologists to address the problem through using queer theory. I identify various factors that make sexual minorities a difficult population to research, note the additional challenges heterosexism creates for LGB individuals, and recommend counseling psychologists use queer theory to research the systems within STEM. I conclude with recommendations for clinicians and universities.</p> The second article includes an empirical study examining factors related to poor persistence in STEM among LGB undergraduates. Using a mediation model, I hypothesized burnout and the imposter phenomenon would mediate the relationships between stereotype threat and STEM identity, as well as the relationship between STEM identity and persistence. Results indicated stereotype threat was a significant positive predictor of burnout and imposter phenomenon, while STEM identity was a significant predictor of persistence. Results also suggested the effect of stereotype threat on STEM identity is explained better using burnout and imposter phenomenon.

UHV transmission lines have several advantages when it comes to transferring of bulk amount ofpower in long distances. Although the technology is available from 1980’s, the number of UHVtransmission lines around the world has been increased in the beginning of this century in orderto supply the high demand of electricity. The number is going to increase even more in the nextfew years. Thus, it is important to study the UHV line characteristics and update the powersystem equipment as well as the operation procedure accordingly.UHV transmission lines exhibits some distinct phenomena which are not present in thetransmission lines with lower voltage levels e.g. high amount of charging current, non-linearincrease of apparent fault impedance with the increase in fault distance, longer time constant forthe DC component in fault current etc. Some of these are very important for different protectionschemes of the transmission line. The aim of this thesis work is to study the impact of UHV linecharacteristics on line differential protection and propose solutions to overcome them.Line differential protection is popular for its good selectivity and simplicity as long as there is adependable reliable communication system between the two ends of the line. High amount ofcapacitive charging current and large phase shift between sending and receiving end currents aretwo important characteristics of UHV lines which have severe impact on the line differentialprotection. It becomes very critical for the protection scheme to maintain good sensitivity andsecurity at the same time. As a result, compensation of the charging current becomes essential.The fixed compensation method is used to compensate the charging current of long lines withlower voltage levels. However, it cannot satisfy the sensitivity requirements for line differentialprotection scheme on UHV lines. Hence, it is necessary to search for other compensationmethods.In this thesis, a solution related with charging current compensation method is proposed with theuse of adaptive phase shift compensation. Several simulations have been done to examine thecharacteristics of the developed method in the worst case scenarios. It is found that the methodexhibits very good sensitivity as well as security for line differential protection on UHV lines. / UHV-transmissionsledningar har ett antal fördelar när det gäller överföringskapacitet av effektöver långa avstånd. Även om tekniken har varit tillgänglig sedan 1980-talet är det inte förränunder det senaste årtiondet som utbyggnaden har tagit fart ordentligt. Detta har skett för att mötaden höga efterfrågan på elektricitet. De närmaste åren väntas utbyggnaden öka ytterligare. Motdenna bakgrund är det relevant att studera karaktäristiken av UHV samt att uppdaterakraftsystemutrustning såväl som driften.UHV-tramsmissionslinor är förenade med vissa fenomen som inte förekommer förtransmissionsledningar med lägre spänning. Vissa av dessa fenomen är har stor inverkan påskyddsutrustning för transmissionslinorna. Syftet med denna uppsats är att studera inverkan frånUHV-transmissionsledningar på differentialskydd samt att föreslå lösningar för att överkommainverkan.Differentialskydd är populärt tack vare goda selektiva egenskaper och enkelhet så länge det finnsett pålitligt kommunikationssystem. Hög kapacitans och stor fasskiftning mellan strömmen påavsändar- och mottagarsidan är två viktiga egenskaper hos UHV-transmissionsledningar vilkahar stor inverkan på differentialskyddet. Det är väldigt viktigt att skyddsutrustningen kanupprätthålla god sensitivitet samt säkerhet. Av denna anledning är kompensation för den högakapacitansen viktig. Konstant kompensation används för att kompensera för hör kapacitans hoslånga transmissionslinor med lägre spänning. Denna metod är däremot inte fungerande för UHV.Det är därför nödvändigt att söka efter en annan lösning.I denna uppsats föreslås en lösning på behovet att kompensera för hög kapacitans genom attanvända adaptiv fasskiftkompensation. Flertalet simuleringar har genomförts för att utvärderakaraktäristiken av den utvecklade metoden. Det konstateras att metoden väldigt god känslighetoch säkerhet för differentialskydd av UHV-transmissionsledningar.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

Det ämne som behandlas i denna uppsats är hur bloggfenomenet kan användas för att etablera bloggskribentens personliga varumärke, vilket i sin tur kan möjliggöra en utveckling av bloggarens karriär i form av entreprenörskap och företagande samt samarbete med etablerade företag. Syftet är att undersöka bloggfenomenet ur ett helhetsperspektiv, vilket innebär att en kvalitativ webbenkät besvarats av personer med insyn och erfarenhet av de ämnen som behandlas. Dessa respondenter utgörs av nio av Sveriges främsta och mest inflytelserika bloggskribenter, fyra specialister samt två företag som på olika sätt samarbetat med framstående bloggskribenter.Intervjumaterialet har sedan tolkats och analyserats för att identifiera återkommande mönster och teman. Då uppsatsen har sin utgångspunkt i en kombination av analytisk induktion och grundad teori har dessa teman varit avgörande för den teoretiska anknytningen. De slutsatser som kan presenteras utifrån undersökningsresultatet låter påvisa bloggfenomenets lämplighet i avseende att etablera bloggskribentens personliga varumärke och möjliggöra olika former av företagande. Genom den personliga bloggen kan bloggskribenten påverka hur det personliga varumärket uppfattas av omgivningen, framhäva sin kompetens samt etablera kontakt med såväl målgrupp som potentiella arbetsgivare. / The subject handled in this essay is how the blog phenomenon can be used to establish the bloggers personal brand, which can allow the development of the bloggers career in terms of entrepreneurship, enterprise and cooperation with established companies. The aim is to investigate the blog phenomenon from a holistic perspective, which means that a qualitative online survey has been answered by those people with insight and experience of the topics handled in this essay.These respondents includes nine of Sweden's most important and influential bloggers, four specialists and two companies who in one way or another has experiences in cooperation with prominent bloggers. Afterwards the interviews has been interpreted and analyzed to identify recurring themes in the material. As this essay is based on a combination of analytic induction and grounded theory, these themes have been crucial to the theoretical extension. The results and conclusions that can be presented demonstrates the suitability of the blog phenomenon to establish the bloggers personalbrand and also allow various forms of enterprising. On the personal blog, the blogger can influence how the personal brand is perceived by the society, feature their personal skills and establish contact with both the readers and potential employers.

The purpose of this study was to investigate online social comparison and impostor phenomenon (IP) in undergraduate music education students. I employed a sequential explanatory mixed models design to explore the extent to which music education students experienced IP, used Facebook, and engaged in social comparison on Facebook. I explored participants' perceptions of how they engaged in online social comparison in the context of their professional lives. In Phase 1, I surveyed participants to measure impostor phenomenon, Facebook intensity, and Facebook social comparison. Analysis of the descriptive data revealed that 77.8% of participants experienced frequent to intense IP symptoms. Facebook social comparison emerged as the only significant predictor of IP in participants accounting for 13.3% of the variance in CIPS scores. In Phase 2, I conducted focus groups to investigate participants' perceptions of how they engaged in online social comparison as related to their professional identity. The themes that emerged from the qualitative data included: (a) comparing to peers online, (b) using Facebook for professional purposes, (c) psychological effects of online comparison, and (d) withdrawing from social media to avoid adverse effects. Lastly, I integrated the quantitative and qualitative data to expound upon and confirm findings in each phase. The results indicated that as participants progressed through their music education degree program, they used Facebook more frequently in each subsequent year, leading to increased social comparison and IP.

<p dir="ltr"> Conventional RF switching technologies struggle to simultaneously achieve high-power handling, low loss, high isolation, broadband operation, quick reconfiguration, high linearity, and low cost, which are desirable for many applications, including communications, radar, and sensors. Moreover, they require electrical bias networks, which degrade performance and, in many cases, inhibit wideband applications, including DC operation. On the other hand, plasma (photoconductive) switches use an optical bias to generate free charge carriers. Recently these switches have begun to not only rival conventional technologies in terms of performance metrics such as switching speeds and loss but have exceeded what is possible in terms of power handling. This work details the strides made in placing solid-state plasma technologies at the forefront of advanced, high-power switching applications including a novel high-power tuner and an absorptive/reflective SPnT switch. In various form factors, SSP has achieved analog control of loss as low as 0.09 dB and isolation as high as 54 dB, linearity of 68.8 dBm (IP3), 110 GHz instantaneous bandwidth, including DC, switching speeds as low as 3.5 us, 100+ W power handling, and 30+ W hot switching. In addition, comprehensive physics modeling has been developed to enable seamless design validation before fabrication commences. This thesis discusses the achievements and design considerations for creating optimized plasma switches and proposes a path for future applications.</p>