Interaction with their students during classroom instruction is often a source of stress among many teachers. The academic setting of Disciplinary Alternative Educational Programs (DAEP) poses a risk factor for teachers to experience stress, given that student disruptive behavior has been associated with higher stress levels among teachers. The problem underlying this study was that most studies on DAEP have focused on the experiences of students, with limited information available about the experiences of teachers in this type of academic setting. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to explore the role of job-related stress and coping on the job performance of DAEP teachers, from a transactional theory of stress and coping approach. This exploration was grounded in the theoretical lens of the transactional theory of stress and coping, which served as the link between the importance of the psychological health of teachers and the successful administration of public programs. The geographical setting of the study was a single DAEP campus. Data were collected using 20 individual, face-to-face semi structured interviews. Data were analyzed using the modified van Kaam method of phenomenological analysis, which involves the systematic analysis of data through the process of dividing large quantities of qualitative data into smaller units of meaning. The results produced significant thematic themes. The findings from this study could help scholars and practitioners gain important insight about job-related stressors in DAEP, which could facilitate the improvement of administration and development policies in order to promote a positive work environment in DAEP settings.

Zusammenfassung Die drei Essays dieser Dissertation leisten einen Beitrag zum Verständnis der politischen Ökonomie Indonesiens in Zeiten der Dezentralisierung. Vor dem Hintergrund des „Urban Poverty Project 2“ (UPP2), einem kommunalen Entwicklungsprojekt in Indonesien, untersucht der erste Essay empirisch die Rolle von „Elite Capture“. Auf Grundlage von Daten der Wirkungsuntersuchung von UPP2 sowie zusätzlichen administrativen Daten, wird der Zusammenhang zwischen einer ungleichen kommunalen Konsumverteilung und verstärktem „Elite Capture“ betrachtet. Dabei bestätigt sich der positive Zusammenhang zwischen kommunalen Ungleichheiten, welche sich in der Machtverteilung ausdrücken, und der Ressourcenallokation durch die gewählten Vertreter der lokalen Gemeinde. Insbesondere für die derzeit in Entwicklungsländern großflächig vorangetriebenen kommunengesteuerten Entwicklungsprogramme (CDD) ist dieses Ergebnis relevant. Es wird angeregt, dass politische Entscheidungsträger bestehende lokale Machtstrukturen verstärkt beachten sollten, um sicherzustellen, dass die durchgeführten Projekte tatsächlich die ärmere, benachteiligte Bevölkerung erreichen. Vor dem Hintergrund der Dezentralisierung in Indonesien untersucht der zweite Essay den Zusammenhang zwischen Bestechungsgeldern und der Wirksamkeit der Bereitstellung von öffentlichen Dienstleistungen. Die Studie prüft die Korruptionshypothese des „grease the wheels", nach der Bestechung als eine Methode der Beschleunigung von Verwaltung funktioniert. Anhand von Unternehmensdaten aus Indonesien wird gezeigt, dass Firmen, die höhere Bestechungsgelder zahlen, mehr Zeit mit Beamten verbringen. Letzteres wird als Proxy für Bürokratie verwendet. Diese Resultate widersprechen der obigen Hypothese und erweisen sich als robust auch nachdem für mögliche Kausalumkehrung kontrolliert sowie konkurrierende Bestechung unter asymmetrischer Information berücksichtigt wurde. Diese Resultate bestätigen damit die kontraproduktiven Effekte von Bestechung und unterstützen die Anti-Korruptionskampagnen, die von Regierungen und internationalen Organisationen durchgeführt werden. Der dritte Essay diskutiert die Rolle von Frauen als Entscheidungsträgerinnen im Kontext von UPP2. Erörtert wird, ob die Ressourcenallokation des Projektes stärker auf die Präferenzen von Frauen ausgerichtet sind, wenn mehr Frauen in lokalen Institutionen vertreten sind. Nach Prüfung des Medianwählermodells wird die Rolle von Genderzusammensetzungen in lokalen Vertretungen in Bezug auf die Veränderungen politischer Entscheidungen analysiert. Unter Verwendung von detaillierten Daten bezüglich ex-ante Präferenzen von Wählern sowie politischen Stellvertretern, kann geschlussfolgert werden, dass der weibliche Anteil in lokalen, politischen Institutionen keinen Einfluss auf politische Entscheidungen hat. Dennoch korreliert der Frauenanteil mit den Präferenzen der Medianwähler und denen von Wählerinnen, die mehr Aufmerksamkeit für öffentliche Hygiene fordern. Diese Ergebnisse lassen die Prognosen des Medianwählermodells anzweifeln.

abstract: There is a documented gap between research-based recommendations produced by university-based scholars in the field of education in the United States and the evidence that U.S. politicians' use when deciding which educational policies to implement or amend. This is a problem because university-based education scholars produce vast quantities of research each year, some of which could, and more importantly should, be useful to politicians in their decision-making processes and yet, politicians continue to make policy decisions about education without the benefit of much of the knowledge that has been gained through scholarly research. I refer to the small fraction of university-based education scholars who are demonstrably successful at getting scholarly research into the hands of politicians to be used for decision-making purposes as "university-based bipartisan scholarship brokers". They are distinct from other university-based education scholars in that they engage with politicians from both political parties around research and, as such, are able to use scholarly research to influence the education policymaking process. The problem that this dissertation addresses is the lack of use, by U.S. politicians, of scholarly research produced by United States university-based education scholars as input in education policy decisions. The way in which this problem is explored is through studying university-based bipartisan scholarship brokers. I focused on three areas for exploration: the methods university-based bipartisan scholarship brokers use to successfully get U.S. politicians to consider scholarly research as an input in their decision-making processes around education policy, how these scholars are different than the majority of university-based education policy scholars, and how they conceive of the education policy-setting agenda. What I uncovered in this dissertation is that university-based bipartisan scholarship brokers are a complete sub-group of university-based education scholars. They work above the rigorous promotion and tenure requirements of their home universities in order to use scholarly research to help serve the research needs of politicians. Their engagement is distinct among university-based education scholars and through this dissertation their perspective is presented in participants' own authentic language. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Educational Leadership and Policy Studies 2013

Submitted by Kenia Bernini (kenia.bernini@ufpel.edu.br) on 2018-08-16T21:16:44Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Carla_Rosane_Silva_Mota_Dissertação.pdf: 934839 bytes, checksum: 88848d25bf1db1610161aa4e2f639b8b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T21:16:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Carla_Rosane_Silva_Mota_Dissertação.pdf: 934839 bytes, checksum: 88848d25bf1db1610161aa4e2f639b8b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-13 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / O presente estudo buscou analisar o processo de formulação das políticas públicas de economia solidária nos governos de Dilma Rousseff (2011-2016), a partir da percepção dos policy-makers envolvidos diretamente com o tema, de modo a compreender como se estabeleceram as prioridades para estas políticas e qual a dinâmica de tomada de decisão política, ou seja, quem detinha o poder de decidir sobre essas políticas públicas e como essa decisão era tomada. A metodologia adotada é qualitativa e as técnicas utilizadas para a coleta dos dados foram: pesquisa documental, observação e entrevistas com roteiro semiestruturado. Em linhas gerais, a hipótese traçada na pesquisa é de que a formulação das políticas públicas de economia solidária, durante os governos de Dilma Rousseff (2011-2016), ocorreu de forma coletiva e participativa, envolvendo atores que compõem organizações da sociedade civil, ainda que estas organizações não tivessem o poder de decisão, elas contribuíram com a formulação dessas políticas na medida em que indicavam prioridades e diretrizes. Além disso, acredita-se que o processo decisório foi conduzido por um grupo de atores políticos e gestores da SENAES, a partir de dinâmicas de organização e formas de tomadas de decisões que se aproximam dos princípios da horizontalidade. As hipóteses foram confirmadas ao longo do estudo, demonstrando que as políticas públicas de economia solidária, formuladas durante os governos Dilma, no âmbito do governo federal, caracterizam-se enquanto políticas públicas do tipo bottom-up (de baixo para cima) / The present study sought to analyze the process of formulation the public policies of solidarity economy in the governments of Dilma Rousseff (2011-2016), from the perception of the policy-makers directly involved with the theme, in order to understand how the priorities were established for these policies and what the dynamics of political decision making, that is, who had the power to decide on these public policies and how that decision was made. The methodology used was qualitative and the techniques used to collect the data were: documentary research, observation and interviews with semi-structured script. In general, the hypothesis drawn in the research is that the formulation of public policies of solidarity economy, during the governments of Dilma Rousseff (2011-2016), took place in a collective and participative way, involving actors that make up civil society organizations, even if these organizations did not have decision-making power, they contributed to the formulation of these policies in that they indicated priorities and guidelines. In addition, it is believed that the decision-making process was conducted by a group of political actors and managers from SENAES, based on organizational dynamics and decision-making approaches that approximate the principles of horizontality. The hypotheses were confirmed throughout the study, demonstrating that public policies of solidarity economy, formulated during the Dilma governments, within the federal government, are characterized as bottom-up public policies

Public policy analysts are often tasked with reviewing research or other forms of evidence in order to provide advice for policy decisions. Many have argued that systematic reviews that include meta-analyses (SRMAs) are the most rigorous forms of evidence, and thus, when possible, should form the basis of policy decisions. However, it is not yet clear to what extent policy analysts are aware of systematic reviews and meta-analyses, or to what extend they use them to inform policy work. Moreover, given the importance of evaluating the quality of research before using it for policy, it is not clear to what extent policy analysts feel able to judge the quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. An online survey was used to provide initial estimates of the extent to which policy analysts a) are familiar with SRMAs; b) use these reviews to inform their policy work; and c) are able to evaluate them. It further sought to explore other correlates of use, barriers to use, methods to increase use, and knowledge of factors that influence quality. Thirty-nine Ministerial policy analysts responded to the survey, 18 from the Ministry of Health, 9 from the Ministry of Environment, and 12 from other ministries. Policy analysts reported being fairly familiar with both systematic reviews and meta-analyses, although they were more familiar with systematic reviews than with meta-analyses. There were no differences between the Health, Environment, or Other groups with respect to familiarity. Respondents reported moderate scores on most indicators of use, with results suggesting the Health group having the highest rates of use, followed by the Environment group and then the Other group. Finally, there were relatively high self-ratings on ability to judge the quality of SRMAs, with no differences found between groups. The results of other exploratory analyses are also presented, and implications and recommendations are discussed. / Graduate

Thesis (Ph.D. (Nursing))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.

The process for the incorporation, integration or collaboration of traditional healers into the National Health Care Delivery System of South Africa was marred by an array of mixed attitudes from all the parties concerned, namely traditional healers, patients, biomedical personnel, and the policy makers. The variety of approaches for inclusion of the traditional healers into the National Health Care System of South Africa was a further indication of the complexity of the situation. The possibility of functioning together between traditional healers and biomedical personnel existed before 1990 when the two groups met in Johannesburg in 1986 to discuss ways by which functioning together can be established. A series of meetings and discussions followed after which came the promulgation of the Chiropractors Homeopaths and Allied Health Services Professionals Act of 1996, which gives traditional healers their due recognition but does not include them as part of health care providers. The process of functioning together is a recommendation made by the World Health Organization and the most used terms for this functioning together is, incorporation, integration and collaboration. The process of incorporation can be realised by ensuring that both biomedical personnel and traditional healers remain autonomous, not controlling each other, respecting the existence of one another, as well as each other's own methods of healing. Integration was another method whereby the two health care systems can function together, even though integration differs in context from incorporation. Integration means that the traditional healers will have to function within the health care system under the directions of the biomedical personnel, whereby the patient receives a combination of both treatment methods depending on the problem or diagnosis. The third modality of getting the two health care systems to function together could be by collaboration. Collaboration was seen as a two sided effort whereby the healing methods of one are brought to fore and the most effective one is chosen to cure the patient's identified problem at that time. For the process of functioning together to be meaningful, it was necessary to get the government to review licensing the traditional healer's practices, so as to identify the healing techniques that are of value and use these to treat the patients. It was not really possible to clearly separate the three approaches because they all addressed the issue of having the two health care systems function together to increase health care services and fulfil the patients' health needs. For the purpose of this research the word incorporation was used. In South Africa the traditional healer is identified as the health care choice of 80-9036 of the black population. If this large number of black people uses traditional healing, then it becomes necessary to investigate the manner in which the traditional healer can be utilized effectively in the National Health Care Delivery System of South Africa to render the services that the patient needs for his/her health needs. It is for this reason that the researcher aimed at investigating the existing models of incorporation of traditional healers, the perceptions and attitudes of the traditional healers, biomedical personnel, patients and the policy makers regarding incorporation, their views on how this incorporation should be achieved, as well as how the incorporation of traditional healers into the National Health Care Delivery System of South Africa could be realised. A qualitative research design and theory generating approach was followed, and the research was conducted in two stages. In stage one qualitative research, participants were traditional healers, biomedical personnel, patients and policy makers, selected by means of non-probable purposive voluntary sampling. Data was collected by means of conducting semi-structured interviews with all the participants in the three identified provinces of South Africa. Field notes were recorded after each interview session. Data analysis was achieved by open coding. A co-coder and the researcher analysed the data independently after which consensus discussions took place to finalise the analysed data. Ethical principles were applied according to the guidelines of the Democratic Nurses Organisation of South Africa and the Department of Health. The second stage which was a theory generation approach, was used to formulate a model for the incorporation of the traditional healers into the National Health Care Delivery System of South African. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Nursing))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006

The process for the incorporation, integration or collaboration of traditional healers into the National Health Care Delivery System of South Africa was marred by an array of mixed attitudes from all the parties concerned, namely traditional healers, patients, biomedical personnel, and the policy makers. The variety of approaches for inclusion of the traditional healers into the National Health Care System of South Africa was a further indication of the complexity of the situation. The possibility of functioning together between traditional healers and biomedical personnel existed before 1990 when the two groups met in Johannesburg in 1986 to discuss ways by which functioning together can be established. A series of meetings and discussions followed after which came the promulgation of the Chiropractors Homeopaths and Allied Health Services Professionals Act of 1996, which gives traditional healers their due recognition but does not include them as part of health care providers. The process of functioning together is a recommendation made by the World Health Organization and the most used terms for this functioning together is, incorporation, integration and collaboration. The process of incorporation can be realised by ensuring that both biomedical personnel and traditional healers remain autonomous, not controlling each other, respecting the existence of one another, as well as each other's own methods of healing. Integration was another method whereby the two health care systems can function together, even though integration differs in context from incorporation. Integration means that the traditional healers will have to function within the health care system under the directions of the biomedical personnel, whereby the patient receives a combination of both treatment methods depending on the problem or diagnosis. The third modality of getting the two health care systems to function together could be by collaboration. Collaboration was seen as a two sided effort whereby the healing methods of one are brought to fore and the most effective one is chosen to cure the patient's identified problem at that time. For the process of functioning together to be meaningful, it was necessary to get the government to review licensing the traditional healer's practices, so as to identify the healing techniques that are of value and use these to treat the patients. It was not really possible to clearly separate the three approaches because they all addressed the issue of having the two health care systems function together to increase health care services and fulfil the patients' health needs. For the purpose of this research the word incorporation was used. In South Africa the traditional healer is identified as the health care choice of 80-9036 of the black population. If this large number of black people uses traditional healing, then it becomes necessary to investigate the manner in which the traditional healer can be utilized effectively in the National Health Care Delivery System of South Africa to render the services that the patient needs for his/her health needs. It is for this reason that the researcher aimed at investigating the existing models of incorporation of traditional healers, the perceptions and attitudes of the traditional healers, biomedical personnel, patients and the policy makers regarding incorporation, their views on how this incorporation should be achieved, as well as how the incorporation of traditional healers into the National Health Care Delivery System of South Africa could be realised. A qualitative research design and theory generating approach was followed, and the research was conducted in two stages. In stage one qualitative research, participants were traditional healers, biomedical personnel, patients and policy makers, selected by means of non-probable purposive voluntary sampling. Data was collected by means of conducting semi-structured interviews with all the participants in the three identified provinces of South Africa. Field notes were recorded after each interview session. Data analysis was achieved by open coding. A co-coder and the researcher analysed the data independently after which consensus discussions took place to finalise the analysed data. Ethical principles were applied according to the guidelines of the Democratic Nurses Organisation of South Africa and the Department of Health. The second stage which was a theory generation approach, was used to formulate a model for the incorporation of the traditional healers into the National Health Care Delivery System of South African. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Nursing))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006

Submitted by Leda Lopes (ledacplopes@hotmail.com) on 2017-03-06T16:43:43Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Lucas_ Antonio_ Penna Rey - Dissertação.pdf: 1289296 bytes, checksum: cf47a8250c49d2f1a2fd66aaa65d8acf (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-06T16:43:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Lucas_ Antonio_ Penna Rey - Dissertação.pdf: 1289296 bytes, checksum: cf47a8250c49d2f1a2fd66aaa65d8acf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-14 / As políticas públicas de educação ambiental foram desenvolvidas a partir da metade do século XX, e com elas, vieram concepções de defesa e conhecimento do ambiente. O Município do Rio Grande/RS tem vivenciado uma série de intervenções para promoção do desenvolvimento, como a construção de um Polo Naval, a refinaria de petróleo, entre outras, cujo contexto envolve conflitos e problemas de ordem ambiental. Diante desse cenário o município criou o premiado programa de educação ambiental – o “Quero-Quero” – e que, após dez anos de existência, foi substituído pelo “Escolas Sustentáveis”, programa federal. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa se filia aos estudos de análise de políticas públicas que intentou descobrir quais as motivações dos policy-makers para a extinção do “Quero-Quero” e adoção do “Escolas Sustentáveis”. Trabalhou-se com a hipótese de que as ações tomadas pelos policy-makers envolvidos foram motivadas com o intuito de irem além da busca por eficiência e eficácia dessa política pública, conformando estratégias envolvendo interesses e controle social a esses policymakers. Tais construções teóricas permitiram traçar o objetivo geral de analisar as formas de atuação dos policy-makers envolvidos nos programas “Quero-Quero” e “Escolas Sustentáveis”, e os objetivos específicos de identificar os policy-makers envolvidos nos programas “Quero-Quero” e “Escolas Sustentáveis”; verificar as estratégias de ação dos policy-makers envolvidos nos programas “Quero-Quero” e “Escolas Sustentáveis”; e demonstrar como a ação dos policy-makers envolvidos conformam ou modificam o “Quero-Quero” e o “Escolas Sustentáveis”. Portanto, caracteriza-se por um estudo centrado nos atores sociais, realizado por meio de metodologia qualitativa, inspirado no modelo de Redes de Políticas Públicas, e aplicando técnicas por meio de pesquisa documental e aplicação de roteiro de entrevistas para posterior análise de conteúdo. Os resultados encontrados apontam para ações que promovem eficiência e eficácia dessa política pública, no entanto também envolvendo interesses e conformações simbólicas de caráter políticopartidário. / Public policies for environmental education were developed from the mid-twentieth century and, with them, defense concepts and knowledge of the environment had come. The city of Rio Grande/RS has experienced a series of interventions to promote development, such as construction of a naval pole, oil refinery, among others, whose context involves conflicts and environmental policy issues. In this scenario, the city created the award-winning environmental education program - "Quero-Quero" – and after ten years of its existence, it was replaced for "Escolas Sustentáveis", a federal program. In this sense, this research is affiliated to public policy analysis studies and it had as objective to find out the reasons of policy-makers to extinguish "Quero-Quero" and to adopt “Escolas Sustentáveis". It is worked with the hypothesis that the actions taken by policy-makers were motivated in order to go beyond the search for efficiency and effectiveness of this public policy, shaping strategies involving interests and social control to these policy-makers. This theoretical constructions allowed to trace the general objective of analyzing the forms of action of the policy-makers in programs "Quero-Quero" and "Escolas Sustentáveis"; and the specific objectives: to identify the policy-makers involved in programs "Quero-Quero" and "Escolas Sustentáveis"; to check the action strategies of policy-makers in programs "Quero-Quero" and "Escolas Sustentáveis"; and to demonstrate how the actions of these policy-makers conform or modify "Quero-Quero" and "Escolas Sustentáveis". Therefore, it is characterized by a study focusing on social actors, conducted through qualitative methodology, based on the model of Policy Networks, and applying techniques through documental research and application of interviews script for subsequent content analysis. The results point to actions that promote efficiency and effectiveness of this public policy, however it also involves symbolic political-partisan interests and conformations.

The thesis "Social Housing Policy in the Czech Republic and it's target group" is focused at a contemporary situation of the social housing system and it's relationship towards the people of housing distress. It is based upon the fact, that there has been no such legislative document approved, which would be comprehensively dedicated to the issue of Social Housing Policy, although various attempts have been reappearing for the last ten years, and current government defined the approval of such a document as one of it's key political agenda. The thesis itself is based upon theoretically-methodological approach of targeted population's social construction, while using identification narrative to explain contemporary status, which occurs among policy makers. These narratives are defined as social reality overviews of researched reality and are distinguished by it's own issue definition and mutual approaches to this topic. They also defend public interests, while also creating notions about targeted population. The thesis is also dedicated to define the impact of political decisions on targeted population, distribution of burdens and benefits. Three narratives were identified, while social construction of targeted population differs. Two of the even differs by narrative itself, which highlighted the...