Thesis--University of California, Los Angeles, 1975. / Xerox copy of typescript. Bibliography: leaves 257-273; discography: leaves 274-277.

Dans les montagnes pluvieuses du Nord-est de la Turquie, l’on danse et l’on chante au son du kemençe, une petite vièle à trois cordes, parmi les vaches et les fusils. A partir d’une enquête dans ces montagnes, le propos de la thèse est d’appréhender un usage communal de la musique, soit une tradition musicale qui ne relèverait pas de ce que l’on entend communément par art - la création d’artistes, eux-mêmes figures marginales au sein de leur société - mais plus sûrement d’un bien communal, quelque chose dont l’usage est donné à tous (au sein de la communauté) et la propriété à personne (en tant qu’individu). Depuis ce constat d’un communal, l’enjeu sera également de comprendre les logiques de folklorisation et de commercialisation qui travaillent les musiques turques depuis maintenant un siècle. / In the rainy Pontic mountains (Northeast of Turkey) people sing and dance at the sound of the kemençe, a tiny three stringed fiddle. Through fieldwork in those mountains, the purpose of this dissertation will be to describe what would be called a “communal use” of music: a musical tradition not understood as art (the creation of artists) but as a common within a certain community. From this observation, the goal will also be to understand the logics of folklorisation and commercialization at work in Turkish music since a century.

The cultural elements that define the identity of an ethnic group, are really important for its preservation through the ages. Language, traditions, costumes, dances, as parts of the cultural heritage, have a crucial role in it. Pontic Greeks, belong to a minority group that came to Greece after 1923. They struggled to stand on their feet again, and preserve their unique cultural characteristics.  Cuisine, as an important aspect of our everyday life, is easily conveyed from one to another. In this thesis, we examine the Pontic cuisine, as an element of the intangible cultural heritage and due to its importance regarding the preservation of the Pontic identity.  The most original recipes of Pontic cuisine, were gathered in their primarily form, through an interview with a local expert. Then they were digitized and transcribed in Omeka database. Further data were attributed in the Dublin Core metadata scheme in that database. Finally, the main discussion was focused on how preserving culinary traditions can help to preserve history and cultural identity altogether.

This essay is about use, misuse and non-use of history in politics. To recognize genocide is a use of history that has been established in politics, but also sparked debate. The position of non-use of history in international policy towards Turkey's denial policy has increasingly been replaced by recognition of genocide as a matter of making up with the story, moral consider, and where fundamental issues of culture, identity, history and morality has become guiding element in the discourse behind European expansion and integration policies. A breakthrough for this change is due to the Cold War's end; since the 1980s it has become possible to realize the humanitarianism which has its roots in the Enlightenment humanism underlying the United Nations, and later the EU conventions on human rights and genocide conventions. A genocide concept has become an important discourse in world politics that puts moral pressure on states to act. Parliamentary recognition of the genocide of the Armenians, Assyrians / Syrians / Chaldeans and Pontic Greeks, is partly redress for the victims and their descendants, but also an opportunity for reconciliation.

Pour former nos hypothèses, il fallait examiner les discours scientifiques sur le genre et leurs applications dans le cas grec, ce que nous avons essayé de faire dans notre introduction.Notre travail s’est articulé en cinq grandes parties. La première aborde la formation de la diaspora grecque de la fin du 18ème siècle aux révolutions de 1917 et les représentations féminines dans l’historiographie gréco-pontique. La deuxième partie aborde l’accès des femmes au savoir, les modes d’intégration à la nouvelle société soviétique. La conservation des rôles culturels nous mène à dresser une typologie des femmes « grecques » et des femmes « soviétiques ». La troisième s’intéresse à la reformation ou disparition des rôles au cours des répressions politiques qui affectèrent considérablement la diaspora grecque. Nous avons également dressé un bilan des femmes-victimes des purges. La dernière partie a montré enfin que l’exile constitua un moment-rupture avec le passé, au moins dans les témoignages oraux de ses protagonistes. Les femmes qui nous ont parlé d’elles-mêmes et les hommes qui se sont demandés sur les questions de genre nous ont offert une image du passé originale, digne d’intérêt. / In order to form our hypothesis, it would be necessary to examine the scientific discourse on gender and its application to the greek case, and this is what we tried to do in our introduction. Our study was organized in five large parts. The first one approaches the formation of greek diaspora from the end of the 18th century to the revolutions of 1917 and the woman representation in pontic-greek historiography. The second one approaches the access of women in education, the ways of integration in the new soviet society. The preservation of the cultural roles leads us to develop a typology between “greek” women and “soviet” women. The third part focuses on the reformation or disappearance of the roles during political repressions that would have an impact on greek diaspora. Furthermore, we discussed on the women-victims of purges. Finally, the last part demonstrates that the exile constituted a rupture with the past, at least as it resulted from its protagonists’ oral testimonies. The women who talked about themselves and the men surveyed on gender issues give us an original image of the past, worthy of interest.

In this dissertation, I investigate a number of interrelated developments affecting the morphosyntax of nouns in Cappadocian Greek. I specifically focus on the development of differential object marking, the loss of grammatical gender distinctions, and the neuterisation of noun inflection. My aim is to provide a diachronic account of the innovations that Cappadocian has undergone in the three domains mentioned above. !ll the innovations examined in this study have the effect of rendering the morphology and syntax of nouns in Cappadocian more like that of neuters. On account of the historical and sociolinguistic circumstances in which Cappadocian developed as well as of the superficial similarity of their outcomes to equivalent structures in Turkish, previous research has overwhelmingly treated the Cappadocian developments as instances of contact-induced change that resulted from the influence of Turkish. In this study, I examine the Cappadocian innovations from a language-internal point of view and in comparison with parallel developments attested in the other Modern Greek dialects of Asia Minor, namely Pontic, Rumeic, Pharasiot and Silliot. My comparative analysis of a wide range of dialect-internal, cross-dialectal and cross-linguistic typological evidence shows that language contact with Turkish can be identified as the main cause of change only in the case of differential object marking. On the other hand, with respect to the origins of the most pervasive innovations in gender and noun inflection, I argue that they go back to the common linguistic ancestor of the modern Asia Minor Greek dialects and do not owe their development to language contact with Turkish. I show in detail that the superficial similarity of these latter innovations’ outcomes to their Turkish equivalents in each case represents the final stage in a long series of typologically plausible, language-internal developments whose early manifestations predate the intensification of Cappadocian–Turkish linguistic and cultural exchange. These findings show that diachronic change in Cappadocian is best understood when examined within a larger Asia Minor Greek context. On the whole, they make a significant contribution to our knowledge of the history of Cappadocian and the Asia Minor Greek dialects as well as to Modern Greek dialectology more generally, and open a fresh round of discussion on the origin and development of other innovations attested in these dialects that are considered by historical linguists and Modern Greek dialectologists to be untypically Greek or contact-induced or both.

No description available.