This thesis deals with determining the risks regarding specific learning disorders in preschool children. The work is divided into two parts. The first part is theoretical and the second one is practical. The theoretical part focuses on issues connected with specific learning disorders. The issues contain four chapters. The first chapter is divided into definitions, types, causes and manifestations of specific learning disorders. The second chapter deals with general diagnostics, the diagnostic in the first grade and specialist centres. The next chapter describes the child's characteristic. Its physical, emotional and cognitive development. The last chapter deals with prevention, describing various diagnostic tests and methods. The practical part introduces the standardised test used, results of the research survey and the following interpretation of the results. The aim of this work was to find out whether the standardised test could be used in preschool education. The quantitative method was used for fulfilling the goal.

The questionnaire DACH was created within the pilot survey of the dissertation project of PhDr. Kateřina Thorová, Ph.D. Since it was put into practice, the questionnaire has become a relatively common tool used in the diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders. The theoretical section of my dissertation introduces the reader to the wider context of Autism Spectrum Disorders - from ethiology to treatment (therapy). The empirical section then focuses on editing, validation and standardization of the DACH questionnaire created by Thorová. Empirical testing of the DACH was conducted on a sample of 240 people. Statistical analysis of the collected data demonstrated a relatively high level of reliability, sensitivity and specificity of the method, along with a high predictive value of positive results. The correlation between the questionnaire results and the results of the diagnostic assessment with the use of the methods of the "golden standard" for autism was lower, but can be considered as satisfactory. The main goal of my dissertation is to develop a standardized Czech method for screening early symptoms of autism in children. For wider access of the practical applications of this project, an electronic version of the DACH questionnaire is available, including scoring and general recommendations. The...

The subject of the thesis is a theoretical and empirical analysis of the human body, which is examined through the prism of eating disorders. Methodologically, the project rests upon the core methods of cultural anthropology. The purpose of the thesis is an application and testing of concepts apply concepts developed by the author of the thesis to research embodiment, specifically eating disorders perceived as culturally conditioned phenomena. The broader goal is thus to contribute to the development of the field of anthropology of body and contribute to the development of its theoretical and empirical foundations, while its specific aim is to apply the model of anthropology of body to the research of eating disorders. The thesis proceeds from the general interpretation to the specific research agenda It is divided into three interrelated sections. The first part presents a summary of concepts and approaches to embodiment in social sciences, accentuating a diachronic perspective. In the second section the concept of embodiment is outlined introducing three structural levels. Anthropology of body serves as a starting point for tackling the issue of eating disorders. The third part is an empirical section. The outputs of the research on the body image of people with eating disorders are presented,...

Target od the thesis is to explore the area of social consequences of specific learning disabilities. Specific learning disabilities have undoubtedly impact on academic performance and overall results in the context of school education. Their influence is much wider and we can say that it provides individuals with a specific learning disabilities a negative personal and social consequences. I established the following two hypotheses: I suppose that a group of children with specific learning disabilities will be marked selfconcept lower compared to the control group. I suppose that a group of children with specific learning disabilities will be marked by impaired sociometric position in the classroom compared to the control group. In the theoretical part of the thesis is contained explanations of basic concepts related to learning disabilities. Individual chapters are devoted to specific disorders in general and specifically dyslexia, its causes, incidence, manifestations, and reeducation. The other specific learning disabilities are mentioned in addition to dyslexia. In the second half of the theoretical section, I focus on pupil with dyslexia and his subjective complaints, parents and teachers of pupil with dyslexia, and the consequences of school failure and dyslexia on the individual's life. Practical part of the thesis processes with the research conducted among 24 elementary school students. Research using a variety of test methods for evaluating the impacts and consequences of specific learning disabilities on student self-concept and sociometric position in the classroom. Above 24 pupils were divided into two groups - experimental and control groups, which are compared among themselves.

The issues of specific learning disabilities and their influence on children?s personality and his position in society has not been much explored yet. The aim of this diploma thesis is to identify the influence of learning disabilities on children?s self-concept, find out how the child is influenced by learning disabilities and how he is able to cope with this problem himself. The theoretical part of this work focuses on the issue and the basic concepts. The practical part presents the results of my own research in elementary schools. The results have been obtained by application of different testing methods, like tests and questionnaires. Information from school, family and personal surroundings of the children have also been used. My own experience with teaching children with learning disabilities during my teaching practice is mentioned too.

Will specificic failures of learning influence individual´s journey throught his life? In my work I deal with problems of living with dyslexia. How the specific learning difficulties will affect an individual's life. The main aim of my thesis is to examine how specific learning disability affects personal and educational development of the individual. The goals of my work are: to determine approach of the parents to the child with specific learning difficulties, approach of teachers at the primary school, high school or university. Recording of feelings from childhood to the present. Explore possibilities of applying on the job market, comparison with individuals who do not suffer from disorder. Find out how the specific learning difficulties affected individuals. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the characteristics specific learning difficulties, their causes, manifestations of classification learning difficulties, dyslexia diagnostics, educational diagnosis, dyslexia, its symptoms in adulthood and reeducation of dyslexia. In the practical part I will examine how learning difficulties affect individual lives from the beginning of education to adulthood. The research sample will consist of adults with learning difficulties in anamneses and without anamneses. Basic methods will be questioning and interview. The practical part of my work is based on the theoretical part.

This thesis focuses on specific learning disorders of primary school pupils and reeducational care that takes place in the school under the guidance of trained teachers. It deals with the oraganization and content of reeducational group in Vodňanská Elementary School in Prachatice. It captures the extent to which improved underdeveloped cognitive and motor areas of the pupils who attend the group. It finds out the efficiency of the group reeducation.

The topic of the thesis is the Nursing Care Particularities in Children Admitted to Hospital with Autism. In the theoretical part is found the description of autism causes, clinical manifestation, diagnostics, basic therapeutic measures and nursing care in such children. The thesis has set three goals: Goal 1- finding out problems concerning the hospital admittance of an autistic child. Goal 2- determining the specific features of nursing care in children with autism. Goal 3- creating an informative brochure that would help nurses to gain basic information necessary to provide expert nursing care to autistic children. To gain these goals, a method of qualitative research and the technique of standardized interviews were used. In the frame of the research, two research samples were used. The first one consisted of nurses who work in children´s psychiatric wards and children´s neurologic wards. These nurses were chosen deliberately as they care about autistic children regularly and have a lot of experience in this branch. Altogether ten interviews were conducted and were recorded on the record keeping sheet and consequently processed. The other research sample were mothers of children in whom autism was diagnosed and who experienced hospital admittance either as a diagnostic stay or in connection with acute treatment. Also here ten interviews were conducted. After the completion of qualitative research answers to the set research questions were gained: Research question 1 finds out what are the specific features of nursing care in children with autism. On the basis of the research, it was concluded that nursing care in autistic children has some specific features such as communication, observing rituals, the necessity of a parent´s company, as well as the psychical burden both of children and staff. Research question 2 focused on finding what problems are connected with the hospital admittance of an autistic child. On the basis of the conducted interviews, it was concluded that the biggest problems concerning hospital admittance apply to children´s aggressivity, difficult adaptability to environment changes and problems that occur after the experienced admittance. Further on, it was concluded that also children´s individuality is a serious problem that has to be taken into consideration during nursing care. Research question 3 found out how nurses assess parent´s presence during the admittance of autistic children. All nurses perceive the parent´s presence highly positively. They see the most benefits in passing important information to nurses, accompanying the child during the whole period of admittance, helping with the adaptation to a new environment, providing the common daily care including spending free time and giving the child the feeling of safety and assurance. Research question 4 deals with nurses´ feelings when nursing autistic children. The provided information is individual. The research has found that nurses feel well, do not see problems and the work is routine for them. Negative feelings are influenced by circumstances concerning mood, tiredness or demanding communication with parents. Further, it was concluded that nurses feel insecurity in the period when they start working with autistic children or during the first contact with the child. With regard to high disorder prevalence in the population, it is essential for nurses to know basic information concerning autism and adopt the basis of nursing care in children with this disability type. In this connection, an information material was created that has to help nurses to acquire basic information necessary to provide expert care to autistic children.

This thesis provides an overview of how students identified as having learning disabilities prepare for school at home. The thesis is divided into two parts: theoretical and practical. The theoretical part is focused on the general terms, which are related to the general learning disabilities, their aetiology and manifestations of each single specific learning disability. Furthermore, it deals with counselling support to parents and their children with learning disabilities, the diagnostics and the re-education of specific learning disabilities. The theoretical part also contains the concept how to work with these students at home and the importance of parent participation. This part is also focused on the psycho hygienic possibilities and methodology of home-preparation of the children with learning difficulties. The main objective of the practical part was to find out how children with learning disabilities prepare for school at home. The quantitative method of investigation was used in this research.

In the theoretical part of the thesis, we described the conducting system of the heart, cardiac automaticity, physiological impulse formation and its conduction in the myocardium and mechanisms of arrhythmias. Furthermore, we focused on the classification of arrhythmias and their description in different types of arrhythmias, possibilities of treatment and the role of nurses in the care of patients with heart rhythm disorders. For the thesis, we chose a qualitative research conducted by the form of interviews with nurses. The research took place in three hospitals in the Czech Republic and three in the Slovak Republic. Before realization of the qualitative research, we contacted the management of every hospital in order to obtain a permission to carry on with our research. In each of these hospitals, we spoke to five nurses and then subsequently interviewed them. In overall, we interviewed 30 nurses, 15 of them work in the Czech Republic and 15 hospitals in the Slovak Republic. Research was conducted at the Cardiology departments of these hospitals. The criterion of selection was work of nurses with their patients with heart rhythm disorders. Interviews were recorded and then rewritten. The results were categorized into schemes and then finally compared. The first aim we set was to find out the specific knowledge of nurses care about patients with abnormal heart rhythm in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. Most of them knew what is important for patients and what especially do they need to focus on, what to watch over and in what they need to draw patient?s attention. Nurses often spoke in general and especially in the case of education of the patient in this field. Despite nurses? work with patients with abnormal heart rhythm and their knowledge about arrhythmias, their treatment and their roles, we have decided to develop a handbook for them. This manual can expand knowledge of nurse working with these patients, but its main purpose is to serve nurses who have little knowledge in this field. Therefore, nurses are about to begin to work with patients with abnormal heart rhythm and would like to learn the basic information about arrhythmias, their treatment and the fraction of nurses? to care of these patients. The second aim we set to ourselves was to find out the workflow of the nurses working with patients with abnormal heart rhythm in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. There were differences between the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. When asking Czech nurses what workflow do they use, the most common responses were invasive and non-invasive treatment methods. In the Slovak Republic, nurses talked about providing their patients with proper care and workflow according to developed standards. The ultimate aim was to compare the results of nursing care of patients with abnormal heart rhythm in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. All in all we came to the conclusion that nursing care in both countries are in a good condition and complication rate is very low. None of interviewed nurses stated frequent occurrences of complications at her workplace.