Main goal of this thesis is to test efectivity of teaching grammar school literature based on one book only. Secundary goal is to make teaching of historical literature for grammar's school first and second year students more attractive. This thesis is based on five worksheets, every one of them is designed for different literary aim. All of them are based on book "Můj Golem" wrote by Marek Toman. Lectures are governed by three-phase model of teaching which combines different methods for work with pupils. This thesis proofs that, use of one book in long-term tuition with different attitude, combined with appropriate goals and attractive methods, is one way to teach literature. Also this thestis helps making rather unpopular subject of historical literature more attractive to students.

In questo lavoro è stata studiata l’evoluzione della strategia di sicurezza imperiale della Gran Bretagna. Il periodo preso in esame è compreso tra la fine dell’Ottocento e i primi anni del Novecento. Alla luce di questa evoluzione e del contesto internazionale che l’ha generata, è studiata la strategia seguita da Londra durante il primo conflitto mondiale, analizzando il caso dell’intervento della British Army in Italia dopo la battaglia di Caporetto. La tesi mostra come l’immobilità del fronte occidentale spinse il Governo britannico a cercare nuovi fronti al fine di garantire i suoi obiettivi strategici. In questo contesto è inserito l’ingresso dell’Italia nel conflitto. Lo studio evidenzia come la Gran Bretagna intendesse il fronte italiano quale strumento per sottrarre risorse alla Germania. Dopo Caporetto gli inglesi, giunti in Italia per supportare l’esercito italiano, cercarono di utilizzarlo con il fine di escludere l’Austria-Ungheria dal conflitto e isolare la Germania. La tesi dimostra come, dal punto di vista inglese, il fronte italiano fosse un esempio di expeditionary strategy, ma che divenne una componente veramente integrata della difesa imperiale britannica solo nel momento in cui l’Italia isolò la Germania e si preparò a invaderla da sud, dopo la battaglia di Vittorio Veneto. / The aim of this work is to study the evolution of the British Imperial security strategy. The work investigates the period between the end of the 18th Century and the beginning of the 19th. In the light of the evolution and the international contest that created it, it is studied the strategy applied by London during the First World War and will be analysed the case of the British Army’s expedition in Italy after the battle of Caporetto. The thesis shows that the immobility of the western front led the British Government to seek new fronts in order to gain its strategic objectives. The study shows how Great Britain interpreted the Italian front such as a tool to take resources away from Germany. After Caporetto the British came to Italy to support the Italian Army, they tried to use it to exclude Austria-Hungary from the conflict and to close off Germany. The thesis proves that, by the British point of view, the Italian front was an example of expeditionary strategy, but it became an integrated part of the Imperial British strategy only when Italy isolated Germany and organised its invasion from the South, after the battle of Vittorio Veneto.

The object of this diploma thesis is to cover and describe main selected aspects of reporting on refugee crisis in two key czech news programmes - in Zprávy FTV Prima and in Události ČT. Within the confines of one randomly chosen week in six months at the turn of the year 2016 and 2017 the author uses the quantitative method of analysis (with some elements of qualitative research) to describe in detail the discours chosen by these two powerful media institutions to inform the recipients. This work concentrates on most frequent topics, on their framing, on the linguistic and semantics codes etc. The initial part of the thesis offers insight into theoretical knowledge about this topic - history of migration in Czech territory, selected theoretical concepts and last but not least - the context, facts about the number og migrants living in CZ and EU also. The conclusions may serve as a basis for other analysis concerning this highly topical and very complex issue. The author perceives this subject as one of the most important event of late, which in addition strongly resonates with social and public life. It was in this very recent exodus that exposed how significant may the attitude of media be for shaping the public opinion and the strongest ones seem to be those who can connect both persuasive...

Miniaturisation of electronic chips poses challenges at the design stage. The progressively decreasing circuit dimensions result in complex electrical behaviour that necessitates complex models. Simulation of complex circuit models involves extraordinarily large compu- tational complexity. Such complexity is better managed through Model Order Reduction. Model order reduction has been successful in large reductions in system order for most types of circuits, at high levels of accuracy. However, multiport circuits with large number of inputs/outputs, pose an additional computational challenge. A strategy based on exible clustering of interconnects results in more e cient reduction of multiport circuits. Clustering methods traditionally use Krylov-subspace methods such as PRIMA for the actual model reduction step. These clustering methods are unable to reduce the model order to the optimum extent. SVD-based methods like Truncated Balanced Realization have shown higher reduction potential than Krylov-subspace methods. In this thesis, the di erences in reduction potential and computational cost thereof between SVD-based methods and Krylov-subspace methods are identi ed, analyzed and quanti ed. A novel algorithm has been developed, utilizing a particular combination of both these methods to achieve better results. It enhances the clustering method for model reduction using Truncated Balanced Realization as a second-level reduction technique. The algorithm is tested and signi cant gains are illustrated. The proposed novel algorithm preserves the other advantages of the current clustering algorithm.

La empresa seleccionada para la investigación es SOQUITEX ING. SRL., dedicada a la producción y comercialización de productos químicos. Actualmente, los costos operativos de esta organización han aumentado, por lo tanto, la propuesta de solución se basa en la implementación y diseño de un nuevo procedimiento de compras para mejorar la gestión del abastecimiento de materias primas, el cual estará basado en los objetivos de la metodología Lean Management y acompañado de un pronóstico de la demanda más preciso; reduciendo así los costos y el espacio de almacenamiento, cuya capacidad está al máximo. Por lo expuesto, se determina que el giro de negocio de la empresa es la comercialización y producción de insumos, más no la importación y por ello se optará por compras locales de materia prima. Por consiguiente, se tiene la reducción del área operativa de almacenamiento, lo cual permitirá eliminar el uso de un segundo almacén de 100m2 y un ahorro anual de 18,000 dólares, junto con la reducción de casi el 50% del espacio para la materia prima. Además, se tendrá una mejora financiera, ya que las compras locales se realizan mediante créditos, lo que reduce el gasto financiero y aumenta la liquidez. La investigación se divide en cuatro capítulos. El primer capítulo muestra el estado del arte, marco teórico y casos de éxito. El segundo capítulo detalla la descripción, análisis y diagnóstico del problema. El tercer capítulo se enfoca en la propuesta de solución. Finalmente, el cuarto capítulo se centra en las conclusiones y recomendaciones. / The selected company for this research is SOQUITEX ING. SRL., which is dedicated to the production and commercialization of chemical products. Currently, the operating costs of this company have increased, so the solution proposal is about the implementation and design of a new purchasing procedure to improve the supply management of raw materials, which will be based on the Lean Management methodology’s objectives and along with a more accurate demand forecast’s development. And by this way, the costs and the storage space that is working at full capacity will be both reduced. According what is was explained, it is determined that company’s core business is the commercialization and production of inputs and not the importing and that is why local purchases of raw materials will be chosen. Therefore, there is an operational storage area’s reduction, which will allow to eliminate the use of a second warehouse of 100m2 and an annual saving of USD 18,000, along with the reduction of almost 50% of the space for the raw material. In addition, there will be a financial improvement, because local purchases are managed through credits, which means the reduction of financial expenses and the increase of liquidity. This research is divided into four chapters. The first one is about the art state, theory framework and success cases. The second one details the description, analysis and diagnostic of the research’s problem. The third one focuses on the solution proposal. And finally, the last chapter is about conclusions and recommendations. / Trabajo de investigación

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Historically vilified, the vocalizing woman developed a stereotyped image with the emergence of the prima donna in eighteenth-century opera. By the nineteenth century, the prima donna became the focal point for socio-cultural polemics: women sought financial and social independence through a career on the operatic stage while society attempted to maintain through various means the socio-cultural stability now threatened by women's mobility. The prima donna represented both a positive ideal for women as well as a great threat to western patriarchy. A discourse emerged in which the symbol of female independence and success ”the prima donna" became the site of tactical control and containment. The prima donna stereotype, opera plot and music, and literature all presented the vilified image as a warning of the disaster awaiting women who overstepped the social boundaries established in the patriarchal image of ideal womanhood. Pauline Viardot confronted this attempt at containment by fulfilling society's expectations of her as a woman and simultaneously confounding its presentation of women opera stars. Viardot performed the role of social woman: she married young, she raised a family, she held a salon, and she engaged in other approved social activities. Madame Viardot's acceptance and fulfillment of the roles established for her by her contemporary society provided her a unique freedom within society in which she could maintain a career on the operatic stage without succumbing to the traditional detritus of the popular press, literature or social ostracizing. She crafted her own image rather than allow society to stigmatize or vilify her. Her success was chronicled in contemporary literature written by women who viewed prima donnas as spokespersons for the female plight. Much of this literature explores women's hopelessness and despair in the face of highly restrictive social codes. Prima donnas engaged in a very public career through which they established financial independence, professional success, and an identity literally shaped by their own voices. George Sand briefly explored the artist-woman's search for freedom and independence in her 1833 Lélia, but it was not until Sand met Pauline Viardot that she was able to create a heroine who could gain a respected position in society, enjoy lasting personal happiness, maintain social and financial independence, and who lived to enjoy the fruits of her labor. Consuelo stands as a permanent record of Viardot's impact on her contemporary society. Pauline Viardot successfully revised the image of the prima donna and that of women in the process. Viardot navigated the centuries-old tradition which demonized publicly vocalizing women and created a new image of the woman-artist. An accomplished actress among other things, Viardot successfully performed the roles of social woman, inspiration of a literary heroine, and prima donna. It is her successful negotiation of these roles which allowed her to carve out a unique position in her contemporary society, a position that allowed her to teach at the Paris Conservatory, support the careers of budding male musicians, garner the respect of royalty, publish and perform her own musical compositions, and live a long, fulfilling life. Letters addressed to Viardot, contemporary accounts by male musicians, and her immortalization in Sand's Consuelo all record the new image Viardot created: that of a respected member of society and operatic performer of great artistic and musical genius.

El consumo energético en viviendas es un tema actual y relevante, que genera preocupación a nivel mundial y europeo, ya que se ha evidenciado un agotamiento de los recursos energéticos cada vez más cercano en el tiempo (International Energy Agency, 2016). Tanto es así, que la Unión Europea (UE) financia un elevado número de proyectos que versan sobre el tema y los gobiernos aplican nuevas políticas con el objeto de reducir el consumo, poniendo en el punto de mira las emisiones de CO2 del sector residencial. La UE tiene por tanto un cierto papel de liderazgo mundial que ponen de manifiesto Hirsch, Lafuente et al. (2019, p. B8), con la aprobación de la directiva que define los requisitos de eficiencia energética de los edificios nuevos y de las rehabilitaciones importantes a partir de 2021. El objetivo principal de esta tesis doctoral es determinar la influencia económica que tiene el certificado de eficiencia energética (EPC) de las viviendas en el precio de venta ofertado en un caso de estudio, la provincia de Alicante. En la valoración de un inmueble intervienen multitud de aspectos que influyen en su precio final, factores propios como son la localización, la disposición de ascensor, la superficie del inmueble, el número de baños, etc. Sin embargo, hasta hace poco tiempo, los EPC no estaban incluidos dentro de las características propias del inmueble. Este tipo de análisis ha sido relativamente frecuente fuera de España, pero comparativamente existen pocos estudios al respecto en nuestro país. En cualquier caso, esta tesis doctoral aporta un análisis multinivel que a fecha de hoy se desconoce se haya utilizado para el objetivo descrito. La presente tesis se estructura en siete capítulos. Los dos primeros son de carácter introductorio y de síntesis de los diferentes modelos econométricos utilizados en el mercado inmobiliario, los restantes persiguen dar respuesta a los objetivos específicos de forma que se pueda alcanzar el objetivo principal. Concretamente, el segundo capítulo permite identificar las características, atributos o variables son más importantes para determinar el precio de un inmueble. Para ello se recopilan 140 investigaciones previas y se seleccionan las 20 variables más utilizadas, que se utilizarán como referencia para determinar las variables que deben seleccionarse en esta investigación. Con el tercer capítulo se persiguen dos objetivos. El primero, trata de cuantificar el valor de la prima económica -variación del precio de venta- de las viviendas que disponen de EPC frente a las que no lo tienen. El segundo, definir hasta donde han avanzado las investigaciones en este campo. Para todo ello se realiza una revisión sistemática con meta análisis y meta regresión a partir de la información recopilada, con el propósito de que los resultados de este apartado se puedan comparar con los resultados del presente análisis. En el cuarto capítulo se realiza un análisis descriptivo de una base de datos inédita que se ha confeccionado con la información de viviendas ofertadas en el mercado (superficie, número de baños, calificación energética, disponibilidad de ascensor, etc.), la ubicación de estas viviendas (población y comarcan donde se ubican, distancias a farmacias, centros de salud, hospitales, etc.), e información demográfica del barrio (porcentaje de personas con estudios universitarios, razón de dependencia, etc.). Este capítulo tiene por objeto contextualizar y describir los datos disponibles para realizar el estudio. En el quinto capítulo se estima la prima en el precio que se genera en las viviendas que disponen de calificación energética, a partir de los datos recopilados de la provincia de Alicante correspondientes al periodo de julio de 2017 a abril de 2018 y se utiliza como herramienta el Modelo de Precios Hedónicos (MPH) con estimaciones por Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios (MCO). El capítulo sexto se estima qué parte de la variabilidad del precio entre comarcas es explicada por la calificación energética con los datos recopilados de la provincia de Alicante correspondientes al periodo de julio de 2017 a abril de 2018 y se utiliza como herramienta el modelo multinivel. Así como, si la ubicación de las viviendas enmascara la prima del precio de venta que genera la calificación energética en los MPH del apartado anterior. Para terminar, en el capítulo séptimo, se recogen las conclusiones más importantes obtenidas en esta tesis. También se incluye un anexo que contiene los resultados completos de las estimaciones de los modelos estadísticos realizados en el presente documento.

This dissertation investigates how W. A. Mozart applies the concept of key characteristics—the affective properties of each tonality—as discussed by three of his contemporaries, Johann Mattheson, C.F.D. Schubart and G.J. Vogler, to four soubrette and four prima donna characters from four of his late Italian operas: La Contessa and Susanna in Le nozze di Figaro; Donna Anna and Zerlina in Don Giovanni; Fiordiligi and Despina in Così fan tutte; Vitellia and Servilia in La clemenza di Tito. The analytical method of this dissertation provides a hermeneutical tool to search for meanings in Mozart's music. The application compares the libretto text and its corresponding tonal center with the description of key characteristics on a micro level, to reveal significant dramatic and practical implications from Mozart's key usage in his operas.

Text in Afrikaans / Aquinas's five point argument for God's existence views creation as a holistic entity in which synthesis and creative influences are initiated through the interaction between minimal and maximal acts of being. These acts are represented by the per accidens and the per se respectively. Both these acts are fundamental acts which are crucial to the outcome of the argument for the existence of God. The creature who, because of his per accidens dependency, possesses minimal status, is elevated to a place of honour by participation in creation. Both the essence and esse of creatures have their origin in the pure esse of the maximal act of being (God). Maximal being, the efficient cause, grounds the similarity between itself and minimal acts of being. Both the per accidens and the per se have crucial roles to play in the verification of tbe argument. Should any one of these two elements be lacking, the argument would be invalid. / Aquinas se Quinque Via as 'n Holistiese Beredenering is 'n vyfpunt-argument vir die bestaan van God wat die skepping as 'n eenheid beskou waarin sintese en skeppende invloede bewerkstellig word deur interaksie tussen minimale en maksimale bestaansaktes. Die bestaansaktes word deur die per accidens en die per se (wat die fundamentele boustene in die argument vorm) verteenwoordig. Die skepsel wat vanwee sy per accidens- afhanklikheid beperkte status beklee, word deur bemiddeling van die per se of maksimale bestaansakte (God) tot deelgenoot verhef en beklee ·n ereplek in die skepping. Beide die esse en essensie van menslike wesens het hul oorsprong in die suiwer esse van die maksimale bestaansakte. Maksimale bestaan, die effektiewe oorsaak, begrond die ooreenkoms tussen sigself en die minimale bestaansaktes. Die per accidens sowel as die per se vervul 'n onontbeerlike rol in die bewysvoering van die argument. Sou een van die twee fundamentele elemente ontbreek, sou die argument in geheel ongeldig wees. / Philosophy, Practical & Systematic Theology / M.A. (Wysbegeerte)