Systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) studies are fundamental to the decision-making process in evidence-based medicine. Although such studies are regarded as high-level evidence, these reviews are not always reported completely and transparently. Sub-optimal reporting of DTA systematic reviews compromises their validity, generalizability, and value to key stakeholders. This thesis evaluates the completeness of reporting of published DTA systematic reviews based on the PRISMA-DTA checklist and provides an explanation for the new and modified items (relative to PRISMA), along with their meaning and rationale. Our results demonstrate that recently published reports of DTA systematic reviews are not fully informative, when evaluated against the PRISMA-DTA guidelines: mean reported items=18.6/26(71%, SD=1.9) for PRISMA-DTA; 5.5/11(50%, SD=1.2) for PRISMA-DTA for abstracts. The PRISMA-DTA statement, this document, and the associated website (http://www. prisma-statement.org/Extensions/DTA) are meant to be helpful resources to support the transparent reporting of DTA systematic reviews and guide knowledge translation strategies.

Magíster en Ciencias, Mención Geofísica / El objetivo principal de este trabajo consiste en estudiar la estructura de velocidades de onda P en la zona de transición entre el prisma de acreción y el prisma paleoacrecionario frente a las costas de la región del Maule (35°42'-36°10'S/73°25'W-73°45'W) y establecer su vínculo con la tectónica y geología de la zona, mediante una tomografía sísmica 3D. El prisma de acreción en esta zona de Chile Sur-Central se caracteriza por presentar un ancho de entre 30 y 60 km formado gracias a la existencia de un espesor sedimentario importante en la fosa y a la convergencia de las placas de Nazca y Sudamérica. En particular, la zona de transición entre esta estructura acrecionaria de sedimentos altamente deformados y el prisma interno se caracteriza por cambios morfológicos en el suelo marino y por la predominancia de rasgos tectónicos característicos de áreas sometidas a un régimen compresivo como la presencia de thrust ridges. Este trabajo comprende el procesamiento de datos de refracción marina a lo largo de 5 perfiles paralelos entre sí y subparalelos al frente de deformación. La extensión promedio de los perfiles es de 50 km y se utilizaron 8 OBH/S (Ocean Bottom Hydrophone/Seismometer). Los datos fueron adquiridos a bordo del crucero británico James Cook durante una expedición realizada en 2008 a cargo del Instituto Alemán IFM Geomar. La densidad de datos y la simplicidad de la geometría del experimento facilitan un análisis tridimensional, aunque dada la longitud de los perfiles no es posible caracterizar la estructura a profundidades superiores a los 6 km. No obstante, un análisis bidimensional de la estructura de velocidad de onda P del perfil central permite establecer una comparación sustancial con los resultados obtenidos del modelo tomográfico 3D. Esto permite estudiar las ventajas comparativas del uso de uno u otro método para esta zona en particular. Ambos modelos obtenidos en este trabajo dan cuenta de una región de batimetría altamente irregular y, a pesar de la somera resolución, evidencian un contraste vertical de velocidad mayor en la zona más al SW que coincide con la presencia de una menor capa sedimentaria y la aparición más superficial de roca continental o sedimentaria de mayor grado metamórfico. Por otra parte, la región en que se observa un notorio cambio batimétrico coincide con una sistema de thrust ridge coherente con la distribución de velocidad del modelo propuesto. El enfoque tomográfico 3D permite obtener el volumen estructural a gran escala de la zona de estudio. En este caso, se evidencia que la hipótesis de bidimensionalidad es suficiente y permite realizar un estudio más detallado de la estructura de velocidad.

The purpose of this project was to analyze data from an experiment carried out at LNL (Legnaro National Laboratories) in order to test the collective nuclear model. In the experiment 170Dy was created by multi-nucleon transfer reactions. This isotope is predicted to be the most collective of all nuclei with A < 190. γ-ray energies originating from its deexcitation allow to measure its collectivity. The PRISMA spectrometer was used to determine which ions were produced in the reactions and AGATA measured the γ-radiation from these products. The analysis consists of a calibration process of all detectors and eventually leads to the identication of 170Dy and of its deexcitation energies. This report explains the analysis procedure and some of the steps to identify the reaction prodcuts and corresponding γ-ray energies were performed. Xe-isotopes and corresponding γ-spectra have been identied.

Syfte: Syftet med studien var att jämföra hur mätresultaten av två forimätningsmetoder, prisma covertest och von Graefe förhåller sig till varandra. Material och metod: I studien deltog 54 personer, 44 kvinnor och 10 män, mellan 18-33 år. Medelåldern på de som deltog var 23,6 ± 3,4 år. Alla hade normalt binokulärseende. Undersökningen började med en anamnes, binokulär refraktion, mätning av ackommodationsamplituden samt kontroll av samsyn. Efter detta mättes horisontalforin med prisma covertest och von Graefe på sex meters håll respektive 40 centimeter. Varje fori mättes två gånger för att få fram ett medelvärde. Resultat: Medelvärdet ± ett standardfel på avstånd för prisma covertest var -0,63 ± 0,23 prd och för von Graefe -0,56 ± 0,34 prd. På nära håll för prisma covertest var det -2,24 ± 0,58 prd och för von Graefe -3,31 ± 0,75 prd. Resultatet av studien visar ingen signifikant skillnad mellan de båda metoderna på avstånd (p = 0,78), men på nära håll visar resultatet en signifikant skillnad mellan metoderna (p < 0,05). Två Bland Altman diagram skapades för att undersöka överenstämmelsen mellan de båda metoderna på både avstånd och nära håll. Bias ± ”coefficient of agreement” var på avstånd -0,07 ± 3,85 prd och på nära håll 1,07 ± 6,35 prd. Slutsats: Denna studie visar att det inte finns någon signifikant skillnad mellan prisma covertest och von Graefe på avstånd, men att det finns en signifikant skillnad mellan metoderna på nära håll. Studien visar även att prisma covertest och von Graefe stämmer bättre överens på avstånd än vad de gör på nära håll.

Submitted by Etelvina Domingos (etelvina.domingos@ufpe.br) on 2015-03-06T17:52:49Z No. of bitstreams: 2 tese_digital_iveslima.pdf: 1006004 bytes, checksum: ac61098b56ddbddb7ebe29a13f4edc2d (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-06T17:52:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 tese_digital_iveslima.pdf: 1006004 bytes, checksum: ac61098b56ddbddb7ebe29a13f4edc2d (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / CAPES / Seja M uma matroide 3-conexa menor-minimal possuindo a matroide N como menor. Em 2003, Lemos e Oxley obtiveram uma estimativa para diferença |E(M) − E(N)| e mostraram que o resultado obtido é o melhor possível, quando o menor N é conexo. Nesta tese, mostramos que esta estimativa pode ser melhorada quando o menor N é uma matroide circular, desde que M não possua um menor isomorfo ao prisma.

Universiẗat, Diss., 2005--Freiburg (Breisgau). / Erscheinungsjahr an der Haupttitelstelle: 2004.

Over the next thirty years, Alzheimer’s disease rates will increase alongside global aging. To handle the anticipated increase in demand, knowledgeable and skilled dementia caregivers are in need throughout the long-term care spectrum. Online training programs have emerged as a viable and convenient platform to educate both formal and informal caregivers. The first and second study systematically reviewed online dementia training programs and evaluated the CARES® Dementia Basics Training Program among formal and informal caregivers. The first study is a systematic review of online dementia-based training programs for both formal and informal caregivers conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) method. Methodological quality of the final sample (N=15) was assessed by the Cochrane Collaboration Back Review Group criteria. Results of the systematic review suggests that online interventions improve the condition and preparedness of caregivers, but future evaluations should consider study designs with multiple time points, control groups, and content that is personalized and interactive. In the second study, an evaluation of the online CARES® Dementia Basics Program among formal and informal caregivers was performed. The sample (N=233) included respondents from the states of OR, WA, CA and IL over three time points. Results indicate baseline differences in education, race, and caregiver type and a modest improvement in knowledge among both formal and informal caregivers. Recommendations are provided for future development and evaluation of online interventions.

No description available.

New materials are always being developed to get the best properties possible where needed. The way to create these materials and test them is also developing. When it comes to high-strength steels, a martensitic microstructure is a common choice. Martensite is a diffusionless phase transformation that generates the brittle martensitic microstructure. Tempering is a process where the brittle martensite is heat treated to make it more ductile and tough while simultaneously precipitating secondary phase particles that could help to strengthen the material. This study focuses on a novel dual-hardening martensitic steel that combines two different precipitates: carbides and intermetallics. The investigations are performed using simulations with the Thermo-Calc module TC-PRISMA to analyse the precipitation. The precipitation modelling is also compared to experimental data from the literature to evaluate the accuracy of the modelling. Out of the six alloys in this study, five were supposed to have NiAl precipitates. What was found was that two alloys, Alloy B and Alloy E, had NiAl precipitates that showed in PRISMA. In the three alloys that did not show NiAl precipitates, two of them did not have the phase stable at respective ageing temperatures. In the last alloy, that only had carbides, both of the precipitates showed up in PRISMA. More work needs to be done on co-precipitation, with comparison between simulations and experiments to confirm that the databases are reliable enough to be used to develop the materials of the future. / Nya material utvecklas hela tiden för att få de bästa möjliga egenskaperna där det behövs. Sättet att skapa dessa material, och testa dem, håller också på att utvecklas. När det gäller höghållfastastål är en martensitisk mikrostruktur ett vanligt val. Martensit är en diffusionsfri fasomvandling som genererar denna spröda martensitiska mikrostruktur. Härdning är en process där den spröda martensiten värmebehandlas för att göra den mer seg och duktil samtidigt som den skiljer ut sekundärfas-partiklar som kan hjälpa till att stärka materialet. Denna studie fokuserar på ett nytt dubbelhärdat martensitiskt stål som kombinerar två olika utskiljningar: karbider och intermetalliska utskiljningar. Undersökningarna utförs med hjälp av simuleringar med Thermo-Calc-modulen TC-PRISMA för att analysera utskiljningarna. Utskiljningsmodelleringen jämförs också med experimentella data från litteraturen för att utvärdera modellens noggrannhet. Av de sex legeringarna i denna studie skulle fem ha NiAl-utskiljningar. Det som konstaterade svar att endast två legeringar, legering B och legering E, hade NiAl-utskiljningar som visades i PRISMA. I de tre där det inte visades hade två av dem inte den fasen stabil vid respektiveåldringstemperaturer. Den sista legeringen hade bara karbider och i PRISMA dök de båda två upp. Mer arbete måste göras med samhärdning, med jämförelser mellan simuleringar och experiment för att bekräfta att databaserna är tillförlitliga nog för att kunna användas för att utveckla framtidens material.

Der Transkriptionsfaktor CEBPA reguliert Differenzierung und Proliferation in verschiedenen Zelltypen und spielt eine herausragende Rolle in der Hämatopoese. Die CEBPA RNA kann in die lange P42-Isoform oder die N-terminal verkürzte P30-Isoform translatiert werden. Während P42-CEBPA differenzierungsinduzierend wirkt, ist P30 als Inhibitor von P42 und als Onkogen in akuter myeloider Leukämie beschrieben. Die Modularität und Multifunktionalität von CEBPA, die ihn zahlreichen Studien beobachtet wurde, lässt sich möglicherweise durch differentielle Protein–Protein-Interaktionen erklären. Zahlreiche post-translationale Modifikationen (PTMs) und die intrinsisch ungeordnete, flexible Struktur von CEBPA stellen jedoch eine Herausforderung für traditionelle Ansätze in Proteininteraktionsstudien dar. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird ein neuer, alternativer Ansatz präsentiert, der auf einem in vitro Proteininteraktions-screen auf einer Peptidmatrix (PRISMA) und Biotinligase proximity labelling (BioID) in lebenden Zellen basiert. In einem PRISMA-screen wurden 120 CEBPA Peptide auf Proteininteraktionen mit Proteinextrakt aus myeloiden Zellen untersucht. Im Screen wurden 40 verschiedene CEBPA PTMs inkludiert, unter anderem auch die hier erstmals neu beschriebenen Methylierungen der CEBPA Argininreste R12 und R142. Daten aus dem PRISMA-screen wurden mit BioID Experimenten in myeloiden Zellen validiert, um eine Proteininteraktionslandkarte von CEBPA zu generieren, die 52 bekannte und 68 neue CEBPA Proteininteraktoren umfasst. Hotspots für Proteininteraktionen fallen in evolutionär konservierte CEBPA Regionen und der Vergleich des Bindungsprofils mit publizierten Daten zeigt Ähnlichkeiten zu verwandten Transkriptionsfaktoren der CEBP Familie. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass die Multifunktionalität von CEBPA von multivalenten Proteininteraktionen in Abhängigkeit von PTMs koordiniert wird, um CEBPA mit dem epigenetischen und transkriptionellen Apparat der Zelle verknüpfen. / The pioneering transcription factor CEBPA plays a lineage-instructing role during haematopoiesis and also regulates proliferation and differentiation in many other cell types. The CEBPA RNA can be translated into a full length (P42-CEBPA) or N-terminally truncated isoform (P30-CEBPA). While P42 induces differentiation in various cell types, the P30 isoform is mostly regarded as a dominant inhibitor of P42-CEBPA and acts as an oncogene in acute myeloid leukaemia. Protein interactions may be the key to explaining the functional plasticity and modularity of CEBPA that has been demonstrated in diverse experimental settings. However, the disordered structure and the numerous post-translational modification sites (PTMs) of CEBPA pose a challenge to traditional protein interaction studies. In the present work, a novel alternative approach is presented that combines an in vitro protein interaction screen on a peptide matrix (PRISMA) with biotin ligase proximity labelling (BioID) in living cells. To this end, 120 CEBPA peptides were probed for protein interactions with PRISMA. The screen comprised 40 different PTMs, including newly identified CEBPA arginine methylation sites. PRISMA data was validated with BioID experiments and generated a detailed CEBPA protein interaction map in myeloid cells. The interactome presented here contains 52 known and 68 novel CEBPA interactors that can now be mapped across the CEBPA sequence in a PTM dependent fashion. Hotspots of protein interaction correlated with conserved regions and comparison with previously published data revealed related binding profiles of homologous CEBP regions. Taken together, the data indicates that the functional plasticity of CEBPs is orchestrated by multivalent protein interactions and PTMs to configure a dynamic CEBP hub that interacts with many partners of the transcriptional and epigenetic machinery.