Un réseau mobile ad hoc (Mobile Ad hoc Network, MANET) est un réseau sans fil, formé dynamiquement par un ensemble d'utilisateurs équipés de terminaux mobiles, sans l'utilisation d'une infrastructure préexistante, ou d'une administration centralisée. Les équipements utilisés dans les MANETs sont limités par la capacité de la batterie, la puissance de calcul et la bande passante. Les utilisateurs des MANETs sont libres de se déplacer, ce qui induit à des topologies dynamiques dans le temps. Toutes ces contraintes ajoutent plus de challenges aux protocoles et services de communications afin de fonctionner dans les MANETs. L'évolution des réseaux de 4ème génération (4G) est appelée à intégrer les MANETs avec les autres types de réseaux afin d'étendre leurs portées. Nous nous sommes intéressés dans la première partie de cette thèse à quelques challenges connus dans les MANETs en proposant des solutions novatrices utilisant des propriétés intéressantes des topologies de graphes. Dans un premier temps, nous avons effectué une étude sur la prédiction de la mobilité afin de maintenir une topologie d'ensemble dominant connecté dans les MANETs. Nous avons proposé dans un autre travail comment construire des topologies de graphes ayant des propriétés globales en se basant seulement sur des informations locales des nœuds mobiles. Ces topologies servent comme overlay aux MANETs. Nous avons proposé des algorithmes distribués pour construire des alliances offensives et défensives globales minimales. Nous avons aussi défini des heuristiques pour ces algorithmes afin de réduire les tailles des alliances obtenues. La première partie de cette thèse est achevée par la proposition d'un framework pour la conception et l'analyse des protocoles de contrôle de topologie dans les MANETs. Nous avons identifié les points communs des algorithmes de contrôle de topologie conçus pour les réseaux mobiles ad hoc et nous avons enrichi le simulateur NS-2 avec un ensemble d'extensions pour supporter le contrôle de topologie / We are interested in this thesis to graph-based approaches to deal with some challenges in networking, namely, graph topologies of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) and process model matchmaking in large scale web service. We propose in the first part: (1) a generic mechanism using mobility information of nodes to maintain a graph topology of the network. We show particularly, how to use the prediction of future emplacements of nodes to maintain a connected dominating set of a given MANET. (2) distributed algorithms to construct minimal global offensive alliance and global defensive alliance sets in MANETs. We also introduce several heuristics to get a better approximation of the cardinality of the alliance sets which is a desirable property for practical considerations. (3) a framework to facilitate the design and evaluation of topology control protocols in MANETs. We propose in the framework, a common schema for topology control based on NS-2 simulator and inspired from the commonalities between the components of the topology control algorithms in MANETs. In the second part, we focus on process model matchmaking. We propose two graph-based solutions for process model inexact matching to deal with high computational time of existing work in the literature. In the first solution, we decompose the process models into their possible execution sequences. After, we propose generic graph techniques using string comparator metrics for process model matchmaking based on this decomposition. In order to get better optimization of the execution time and to deal with process model matching in large scale web services, the second solution combines a spectral graph matching with structural and semantic proposed approaches. This solution uses an eigen-decomposition projection technique that makes the runtime faster

Business process models are an important source of information for the development of information systems. However, changes in the environment can a ect the way business processes are performed. In order to obtain models that re ect the changes it is necessary to continuously check between model and reality. Good business processes need to be up-to-date and automated to represent the organizational environment. Thus, it is of paramount importance to represent adequately variability in Business Process Models. Representing and con guring business processes variability for a speci c organization allows the proper execution of processes. In addition, dynamic environment calls for exible con guration processes that can meet stakeholders' goals. However, selecting a con guration for business process is a challenging activity. Even though current approaches allow the representation of variability of business process models, the selection of business variants in a given context remains a challenging issue. In this proposal, we advocate the use of Non-Functional Requirements (NFR) and context-awareness information to drive the con guration of process models at run-time. We propose a model-driven business process con- guration approach called Business process Variability Con guration with Contexts and NFRs (BVCCoN), approach that keeps the variability representation, con guration knowledge and contextual information separated from the business process models. We illustrate the BVCCoN model and process through examples. The evaluation of our proposal is based on a simulation assessment. / Submitted by João Arthur Martins (joao.arthur@ufpe.br) on 2015-03-12T18:46:21Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese Emanuel Santos.pdf: 4118681 bytes, checksum: f565640ea4362fd5c2f2c8f9197b9e47 (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-12T18:46:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese Emanuel Santos.pdf: 4118681 bytes, checksum: f565640ea4362fd5c2f2c8f9197b9e47 (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-10 / Modelos de processos de neg ocios s~ao uma importante fonte de informa c~ao para o desenvolvimento de sistemas de informa c~ao. No entanto, as mudan cas no ambiente podem afetar a forma como os processos de neg ocios s~ao realizados. A m de obter modelos que re etem as mudan cas e necess ario o alinhamento entre o modelo e a realidade. Processos de neg ocios bons precisam ser atualizados e automatizados para representar o ambiente organizacional. Assim, e de suma import^ancia representar adequadamente a variabilidade em Modelos de Processo de Neg ocio. Representar e con gurar a variabilidade em processos de neg ocio de uma organiza c~ao espec ca permite a execu c~ao adequada dos processos. Al em disso, o ambiente din^amico exige processos de con gura c~ao ex veis que possam atender os objetivos das partes interessadas. No entanto, selecionando uma con gura c~ao para o processo de neg ocio e uma atividade desa adora. Mesmo que as abordagens atuais permitam a representa c~ao da variabilidade dos modelos de processos de neg ocios, a sele c~ao de variantes de neg ocios em um determinado contexto continua a ser uma quest~ao a ser explorada. Nesta proposta, defendemos o uso de Requisitos N~ao Funcionais (RNF) e informa c~oes de contexto para conduzir a con gura c~ao de modelos de processos em tempo de execu c~ao. Propomos uma abordagem orientada a modelos para a con gura c~ao de processos de neg ocios chamada BVCCoN, a abordagem mant em a representa c~ao variabilidade, conhecimentos de con gura c~ao e informa c~ao contextual separados dos modelos de processos de neg ocios. A avalia c~ao da proposta baseia-se numa an alise de simula c~ao, assim como uma compara c~ao com algumas outras obras relevantes.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T12:05:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacaoSilvanaBrito.pdf: 787208 bytes, checksum: fd38b180be9b439d9c0c16c078e8e71b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-12 / The environmental issue has been focus of discussion o academics and business circles in function of it importance and necessity of emergency actions. Professionals from a lot of knowledge areas are dedicating time of studying to find alternative ways to relieve or eliminate the environmental impacts. The economic development and the population growth have been contributing for the environmental impacts and it is noticed the need of actions from firms and stakeholders. ISO International organization for standardization of normalization presents the series ISO 14000 as a way of establishing requirements for the Environmental Management System, but many firms have the difficulty to implement the system because they don t know how to operate. What is proposed on these is to establish an implementation model of environmental management system to the private and public firms that orientates and gives directions to whom is on charge of the firms. The proposed model involver all the requisites of NBR ISO 14001 and was developed from the facts raisings in 20 firms from many lines of activities and actuation sector. Interviews and observations were made form itinerary of facts collection, previously elaborated. The proposed model involves the many resource types humans, financials, materials and technologicals. The research of environmental impacts aspects is basic to the structuration of the Environmental Management System and should be achieved in a participative way. The stakeholders need to be prepared and the job of a team winch involves many kinds of subjects is basic. The research in the firms was the basis to structure the model by making possible the knowledge about the working process and the internal process extant. / A questão ambiental tem sido foco de debates nos meios acadêmico e empresarial em função da sua importância e necessidade de ações emergenciais. Profissionais de várias áreas de conhecimento estão dedicando tempo de estudo para encontrar formas alternativas de mitigar ou eliminar os impactos ambientais. O desenvolvimento econômico e o crescimento populacional têm contribuído para o aumento dos impactos ambientais e percebe-se a necessidade de ações por parte das empresas e stakeholders. A ISO organização internacional de normalização apresenta a série ISO 14000 como forma de estabelecer requisitos para o Sistema de gestão ambiental, mas diversas empresas sentem a dificuldade de implementar o sistema por não conhecerem a forma de operacionalização. O que se propõe na tese é estabelecer um modelo de implementação de sistema de gestão ambiental para as empresas públicas e privadas que oriente e direcione os responsáveis das empresas. O modelo proposto envolve todos os requisitos da NBR ISO 14001 e foi desenvolvido a partir de levantamentos de dados em 20 empresas de diversos ramos de atividades e setor de atuação. Foram realizadas entrevistas e observações a partir de roteiro de coleta de dados, previamente elaborado. O modelo proposto envolve os diversos tipos de recursos humanos, financeiros, materiais e tecnológicos. O levantamento de aspectos e impactos ambientais é fundamental para a estruturação do Sistema de gestão ambiental e deve ser realizado de forma participativa. Os stakeholders precisam ser preparados e o trabalho de uma equipe multidisciplinar é fundamental. A pesquisa nas empresas foi a base para se estruturar o modelo por ter possibilitado o conhecimento sobre o funcionamento e os processos internos existentes.

The successful design, implementation, deployment, and use of mobile software applications is rare. While many mobile apps are developed, few succeed. This design science research project builds and evaluates CrashApp™, a mobile application that connects lawyers and clients before, during, and after car accidents. The effective, widespread use of this app depends on satisfying the needs of three groups of stakeholders – the end-users (clients), the owners (lawyers), and the software developers. The research objective is to investigate the key differences among the three stakeholder groups on evaluation criteria for mobile app success. Evaluation strategies and methods are selected to collect data that measures each group’s satisfaction with the constructed application artefact. Research contributions are the identification of multiple stakeholder groups and the ability to design rich evaluation strategies that provide measures of application success. Practice contributions are the design and development of a useful mobile app that provides needed services to the client and effective client connections for the law firm to interact with the clients. The project produced an instantiation of the design artefact CrashApp™ mobile application, which was evaluated with a naturalistic evaluation approach, including the following methods and techniques: focus groups, focused surveys, usability surveys, and real life tests and assessments.

Abstract Knowledge discovery (KD) technology is used to extract knowledge from large quantities of digital data in an automated fashion. The established process model represents the KD process in a linear and technology-centered manner, as a sequence of transformations that refine raw data into more and more abstract and distilled representations. Any actual KD process, however, has aspects that are not adequately covered by this model. In particular, some of the most important actors in the process are not technological but human, and the operations associated with these actors are interactive rather than sequential in nature. This thesis proposes an augmentation of the established model that addresses this neglected dimension of the KD process. The proposed process model is composed of three sub-models: a data model, a workflow model, and an architectural model. Each sub-model views the KD process from a different angle: the data model examines the process from the perspective of different states of data and transformations that convert data from one state to another, the workflow model describes the actors of the process and the interactions between them, and the architectural model guides the design of software for the execution of the process. For each of the sub-models, the thesis first defines a set of requirements, then presents the solution designed to satisfy the requirements, and finally, re-examines the requirements to show how they are accounted for by the solution. The principal contribution of the thesis is a broader perspective on the KD process than what is currently the mainstream view. The augmented KD process model proposed by the thesis makes use of the established model, but expands it by gathering data management and knowledge representation, KD workflow and software architecture under a single unified model. Furthermore, the proposed model considers issues that are usually either overlooked or treated as separate from the KD process, such as the philosophical aspect of KD. The thesis also discusses a number of technical solutions to individual sub-problems of the KD process, including two software frameworks and four case-study applications that serve as concrete implementations and illustrations of several key features of the proposed process model. / Tiivistelmä Tiedonlouhintateknologialla etsitään automoidusti tietoa suurista määristä digitaalista dataa. Vakiintunut prosessimalli kuvaa tiedonlouhintaprosessia lineaarisesti ja teknologiakeskeisesti sarjana muunnoksia, jotka jalostavat raakadataa yhä abstraktimpiin ja tiivistetympiin esitysmuotoihin. Todellisissa tiedonlouhintaprosesseissa on kuitenkin aina osa-alueita, joita tällainen malli ei kata riittävän hyvin. Erityisesti on huomattava, että eräät prosessin tärkeimmistä toimijoista ovat ihmisiä, eivät teknologiaa, ja että heidän toimintansa prosessissa on luonteeltaan vuorovaikutteista eikä sarjallista. Tässä väitöskirjassa ehdotetaan vakiintuneen mallin täydentämistä siten, että tämä tiedonlouhintaprosessin laiminlyöty ulottuvuus otetaan huomioon. Ehdotettu prosessimalli koostuu kolmesta osamallista, jotka ovat tietomalli, työnkulkumalli ja arkkitehtuurimalli. Kukin osamalli tarkastelee tiedonlouhintaprosessia eri näkökulmasta: tietomallin näkökulma käsittää tiedon eri olomuodot sekä muunnokset olomuotojen välillä, työnkulkumalli kuvaa prosessin toimijat sekä niiden väliset vuorovaikutukset, ja arkkitehtuurimalli ohjaa prosessin suorittamista tukevien ohjelmistojen suunnittelua. Väitöskirjassa määritellään aluksi kullekin osamallille joukko vaatimuksia, minkä jälkeen esitetään vaatimusten täyttämiseksi suunniteltu ratkaisu. Lopuksi palataan tarkastelemaan vaatimuksia ja osoitetaan, kuinka ne on otettu ratkaisussa huomioon. Väitöskirjan pääasiallinen kontribuutio on se, että se avaa tiedonlouhintaprosessiin valtavirran käsityksiä laajemman tarkastelukulman. Väitöskirjan sisältämä täydennetty prosessimalli hyödyntää vakiintunutta mallia, mutta laajentaa sitä kokoamalla tiedonhallinnan ja tietämyksen esittämisen, tiedon louhinnan työnkulun sekä ohjelmistoarkkitehtuurin osatekijöiksi yhdistettyyn malliin. Lisäksi malli kattaa aiheita, joita tavallisesti ei oteta huomioon tai joiden ei katsota kuuluvan osaksi tiedonlouhintaprosessia; tällaisia ovat esimerkiksi tiedon louhintaan liittyvät filosofiset kysymykset. Väitöskirjassa käsitellään myös kahta ohjelmistokehystä ja neljää tapaustutkimuksena esiteltävää sovellusta, jotka edustavat teknisiä ratkaisuja eräisiin yksittäisiin tiedonlouhintaprosessin osaongelmiin. Kehykset ja sovellukset toteuttavat ja havainnollistavat useita ehdotetun prosessimallin merkittävimpiä ominaisuuksia.

Recent innovations in the information technology and computing devices magnified the volume of available information. Today’s decision makers face the challenge of analyzing ever more data in shorter timeframes. Demand for technology that can efficiently assist systematic data analysis is constantly growing. Development of dedicated information systems is, however, difficult both from organizational and technological point of view. First, traditional software production is a complex and time-consuming process that can not be performed under time-pressure. Second, changing business conditions and evolving stakeholder needs require solutions that can be efficiently tailored over time. Finally, costs of custom software development are high, so that not all use cases and scenarios can be covered sufficiently. This thesis proposes a holistic approach to address the challenges above and to enable efficient development of decision support software. The main idea is to empower end users, i.e., decision makers, in constructing their own case-specific solutions. The proposed approach called Web-Composition for End-User Development consists of a systematic process for development and evolution of decision support systems, assistance mechanisms to address lack of programming skills by decision makers and evolution facilities to enable cost- and time-efficient extensibility of user-produced solutions. The thesis describes implementation of the devised principles and ideas in the context of several open-source projects and application scenarios. Applicability and usability of the concepts are demonstrated in user studies with respective target groups. Based on the outcome analysis the thesis concludes that end users can and should actively participate in construction of decision support software.

This thesis explores methodologies of modeling and evaluating the operational performance of a typical aeroengine having field experience over two decades. Upon failure, the engine is repaired and restored to flight worthy condition and hence comes under the purview of repairable systems. Operational performance of the engine is being measured in terms of five functions of time, namely, M(t), which is the expected number of system failures in the time interval [0,t]; system failure rate m(t), which is an unconditional quantity and is simply the derivative of M(t); ρ(t), the conditional failure intensity given the history of a system Ht, which is nothing but limdt→1 Prob(System fails in [t,t + dt] |Ht); and M′(t) and m′(t), which are 0 dt conditional entities analogous to M(t) and m(t) defined in the same spirit as that of ρ(t), the details of which are given in the third chapter of the thesis. These functions are being estimated using field failure-repair data of 418 aeroengines, where the observations on time between failures are being measured in number of flying hours logged in between failures, and the corresponding repair duration is being measured in number of calendar days. To start with, using the superimposed renewal process model the above quantities M(t), m(t), m′(t), M′(t) and ρ(t) are estimated both in the frequentist as well as the Bayesian framework. Subsequently repair times have been incorporated into the model and analysed using both frequentist and Bayesian approaches. Next, the model of Lawless and Thiagarajah (1996) which incorporates both renewal and time trend, has been generalized to include repair time as well, and a comprehensive methodology of Bayesian model selection under this model has been developed. After introducing the research problem in the first chapter, the engineering system description leading to the identification of the failure modes, repair practice and the variables of interest is taken up in the following chapter at the outset, as a pre-requisite to the stochastic modeling and the statistical analysis that to follow in the remainder of the thesis. As the first stochastic model, the number of system failures in a given time interval is modeled as a superimposed renewal process with the constituent independent renewal processes running in different component sockets having Weibull inter failure times. This model is first empirically validated using the field failure data and then using this model, the five quantities of interest as mentioned above viz. M(t), m(t), ρ(t), M′(t) and m′(t) are analysed from a frequentist maximum likelihood perspective. A Bayesian analysis of the same follows in the subsequent chapter. Next, the repair effect is incorporated into the superimposed renewal process model by considering the Weibull parameters of inter failure times of the constituent renewal processes running in independent component sockets as a polynomial in the last repair time. The nature of this polynomial relationships are empirically deter-mined and the Weibull assumption is validated through a test of hypothesis. Different polynomial relationships lead to consideration of several models, with the correct ones chosen through a series of likelihood ratio tests. Next based on the appropriate models a maximum likelihood analysis of M(t), ρ(t) and M′(t) has been carried out. Like the simple superimposed renewal process model, Bayesian analysis of this model incorporating repair times is carried out in the following chapter. In the Bayesian setup however, the problem of model selection could be kept unrestricted to non-nested models as well (unlike the previous chapter, where only nested models could be considered), and a comprehensive model selection exercise has been carried out with the aid of intrinsic Bayes factors and training data sets. The last but one chapter presents a generalised model of Lawless and Thiagarajah (1996) for performance evaluation of aeroengines that incorporate renewals, time trends and the repair characteristics. Here also since the primary problem is one of model selection, the entire analysis like in the preceding chapter has been carried out under the Bayesian frame-work. The final chapter concludes the thesis by comparing the empirical results obtained in the previous five chapters, summarising the main contributions of the thesis and providing directions for future research.

Principal aim of this thesis is the design of new website development process model and the design and implementation of its automated support by information technologies instruments. Process design itself will be build on identified best practices of available methodics for web applications development and this process will also respect and apply SEO (Search Engine Optimization) principles Biggest contribution of this thesis is designed web application development process model which is based on web application development methodics best practices and also contains additional activities which have to be done but they aren't part of these methodics. Mapping of the optimization process and designed process activities and implementation of automated support for these activities via desktop application are next important contributions of this thesis. This thesis is divided into five main chapters (except introduction and conclusion). First chapter is focused on definition of application development basic concepts and mainly on analysis of web application development methodics. Second chapter takes up analysis outputs and it forms the basis of this thesis. Design and description of web development process model generate the content of this chapter. Third chapter deals with SEO problems, in the concrete, it deals with definition of SEO, presentation of optimization process and especially with presentation of optimization recommendations. Fourth and fifth chapters are focused on automated support for web development process model with emphasis on SEO. Within the scope of fourth chapter, process model activities which can be supported by application are identified and user requirements are defined for these activities. Last fifth chapter is focused on presentation of implemented application for web development with emphasis on SEO support.

The diploma thesis deals with the issue of business process optimization in the company Antee s.r.o. The author has been working for this company for two years and he got a lot of experience with this kind of business processes. The business process optimization is very actual topic in every company because there are always many opportunities for its improvement. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the current status of business processes in the company Antee s.r.o. Then design their optimization for solving tasks much faster. The business process analysis is focused only on Helpdesk department. The contribution of the work is primarily in analyzing selected business processes and the usage of the proposal in the process. The introduction of the proposed solution should reduce the number of requests handled by Helpdesk as well as to offer customers a new service options.

This master thesis analyzes current situation in the area of IT Services management in the Czech public sector in ITILv3 framework. Theoretical part characterizes ITIL framework from high-level perspective, includes processes description and possible use in public sector. Moreover, public sector organization structure and government's strategy vision are summarized. The master thesis practical part analyzes current situation of IT Services management in the Czech public sector, uses public information ressources, surveys, discussions and interviews. The analysis identifies key points threatening IT management effectiveness. IT Governance model is designed based on these key points. The model proposes strategy view and defines crucial organizational responsibilities. Essential ITIL processes are defined including implementation plan and communication strategy.