El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / Textile garment industries must be readily aware of the system’s current situation, respond quickly to changes in style to process orders on time, and manage an appropriate method of work to avoid production delays. In addition, the textile sector plays an important role because it presents a significant weight in the world economy. Likewise, this sector is considered influential when defining an international business agreement. Therefore, adequate management is required in the sector. Otherwise, it will generate a competitive disadvantage because the Peruvian industry is approaching an export recession. This paper proposes using the lean manufacturing methodology to reduce production times. The project is validated through a simulation of the current and proposed processes with the application of lean thinking tools to reduce waste (manufacturing process times).

Master´s thesis deals with the issue of improving production processes in engineering company, which is expanding it´s existing facilities with the new hall. The company is engaged in manufacturing gears and gearboxes. The thesis deals with the design of new layout in new and former facilities in order to optimize material flow, costs and minimize production time.

På senaste tiden har leveransprecision blivit allt viktigare eftersom kunder idag kännetecknas av att vara mer tidskänsliga och ständigt söker efter produkter som är specifikt anpassade till kunden. Tid har därmed betraktats som ett kriterium för konkurrens och är betydande för företag att kunna konkurrera på marknaden. Osäkerheter i marknaden har en stor påverkan på leveransprecision och det är en stor utmaning för företag att planera produktion utifrån dessa osäkerheter. När produktion för en artikel planeras måste en planerare ta hänsyn till osäkerheter som exempelvis att en maskin kan sluta fungera, att en defekt produkt måste omarbetas eller att det tar längre tid än planerat för att utföra ett arbetsmoment som leder till att en ledtid blir längre. Syftet med studien var att identifiera orsaker till skillnaden mellan planerad och verklig produktionstid samt ge förbättringsförslag för att minska skillnaden. Syftet har uppfyllts med hjälp utav en fallstudie på AQ Group i Pålsboda och genom intervjuer där planerad och verklig produktionstid har undersökts. En litteraturstudie har utnyttjats och tre frågeställningar har formulerats till studien. Dessa frågeställningar lyder: Hur ser skillnaden ut mellan planerad och verklig produktionstid? Vad är orsakerna till dessa skillnader? Hur kan dessa orsaker elimineras? Under det teoretiska avsnittet har fokuset varit på cykeltider, ställtider, produktionstid, Lean och produktionsplanering. Resultatet visar en total skillnad på 24 % mellan den planerade och verkliga produktionstiden över en 5-dagarsperiod. Några orsaker som påträffats är att de standardiserade arbetssätten inte är uppdaterade, inte är tvingande för operatörer att utföra och att det inte existerar några illustrationer för standardiseringen. En annan orsak är onödiga arbetsmoment där verktyg ligger långt ifrån arbetsstationerna och ibland fattas som gör att produktionstiden blir längre än planerat. Avslutningsvis presenteras kritiska förbättringsförslag som specifikt påverkar skillnaden i produktionstiderna och allmänna förbättringsförslag som AQ Group i Pålsboda kan ta nytta av för att effektivisera verksamheten. / In recent times delivery precision has become more important to customers, which today are characterized by being more time sensitive and constantly looking for products that are specifically tailored to the customer. Time is being seen as a criterion for competitors and it is important for companies to be able to compete in the market. Uncertainties in the current market have an effect on delivery precision and it is a major challenge for companies to plan production based on these uncertainties. When production for an article is planned, it should be planned in consideration of uncertainties, for example, a machine may break down, a defective product may need a rework or that it takes longer than planned to carry out an operation leading to a longer lead time. The purpose of the study was to identify causes of difference between planned and actual production time and to provide improvement suggestions to reduce the difference. The purpose has been achieved through a case study in AQ Group in Pålsboda with help of interviews where planned and actual production time has been investigated. A literature study has been used as well as three questions. These questions are: What is the difference between planned and actual production time? What are the causes of these differences? How can these causes be eliminated? During the theoretical section, the focus has been on cycle times, setup times, production time, Lean and production planning. The results show a total difference of 24% between the planned and actual production time over a 5-day period. Causes that have been found are that the standardized working methods are not up to date, are not mandatory for operators to perform and that there exist no illustrations for the standardization. Another cause is unnecessary work steps where tools is far away from the workstations and sometimes missing which leads to the production time being longer than planned. Lastly the study provides critical improvement suggestions that specifically affect the differences between planned and actual production times and general improvement suggestions that AQ Group in Pålsboda can take part of to streamline operations.

The purpose of this thesis is to reduce the production time while providing employees satisfaction and the problem formulation for thesis is; -How can a company use its work area effectively in order to reduce production time while providing employee satisfaction? To answer problem formulation, proper lean tools were applied. Before implementing lean tools, the study started with a questionnaire to evaluate the effect of work area on employees. Five steps of 5S were implemented on work area so as to provide an organized work area for employee satisfaction in accordance with the theory. SMED’s four stage methodology was applied to the machine in the work area where was focused by the authors in order to reduce the production time. The study was made in a Swedish Company called Swepart Transmission AB. which produces gearboxes, bearings etc. Results obtained from the study shows that employees are under effect of work area and employees were satisfied after 5S implementation, also production time will be reduced at least one hour in the length of time. This thesis can be generalised to all manufacturing companies thus both employee satisfaction and production time reduction can be provided and companies can work more effectively which enables them to become competitiveness in order to survive in market.

<p>The purpose of this thesis is to reduce the production time while providing employees satisfaction and the problem formulation for thesis is;</p><p>-How can a company use its work area effectively in order to reduce production time while providing</p><p>employee satisfaction?</p><p>To answer problem formulation, proper lean tools were applied. Before implementing lean tools, the study started with a questionnaire to evaluate the effect of work area on employees. Five steps of 5S were implemented on work area so as to provide an organized work area for employee satisfaction in accordance with the theory. SMED’s four stage methodology was applied to the machine in the work area where was focused by the authors in order to reduce the production time. The study was made in a Swedish Company called Swepart Transmission AB. which produces gearboxes, bearings etc. Results obtained from the study shows that employees are under effect of work area and employees were satisfied after 5S implementation, also production time will be reduced at least one hour in the length of time. This thesis can be generalised to all manufacturing companies thus both employee satisfaction and production time reduction can be provided and companies can work more effectively which enables them to become competitiveness in order to survive in market.</p>

Log processor heads have become increasingly used in New Zealand (NZ) forest harvesting operations to increase productivity and improve worker safety. Information regarding the measurement accuracy and productivity of new model processor heads is limited. As a result, log quality control (QC) is carried out on logs that have been merchandised by a processor head. This task can have a high risk for injury from man – machine interaction. A trend between studies was that older model Waratah’s did not have sufficient measurement accuracy to alleviate the requirement for log QC. In this study, a Waratah HTH 625c processor head operating in NZ was analysed for measurement accuracy and productivity. Measurement accuracy was considered by measuring logs for length, diameter and branch size. A comparison of two methods of processing was also considered to determine measurement accuracy, productivity and production efficiency for the way logs are delimbed and merchandised. Once gathered, the data was then analysed to identify significant effects, trends and relationships between variables. Length measurements were highly accurate but diameter measurements were under- estimated. It was also evident that although there was absolute accuracy, there was a high variability in measurements with underestimating and overestimating. Branch size was also found to have a significant impact in reducing length measurement accuracy and productivity. Single pass processing has significantly higher production efficiency than two pass processing, although single pass processing had a higher length error associated with it. The Waratah HTH 625c processor head has better measurement accuracy than older model Waratah’s. However, logs are still cut out-of-spec which will require a log QC to identify. As measurement technology is further improved in processor heads, and improvements to NZ’s plantation resource (improved form and smaller branching) are realised at harvest age, measurement accuracy and productivity of log processor heads will further improve.

KL-träelement används som stommaterial i allt fler flerbostadshusprojekt i Sverige, då det fortfarande är en relativt ny metod är det intressant att undersöka den närmare. Vid val av stomme är byggtiden ofta en viktig faktor och därför ligger montagetiden till grund för jämförelsen i studien. Denna rapports syfte är att ge mer information inför valet genom att jämföra en KL-trästomme med en platsgjuten betongstomme utförd med plattbärlag och skalväggar med hänsyn till tidsåtgång av montage. En litteraturundersökning har genomförts för att analysera vilka faktorer som påverkar tidsåtgången vid resning av de två stomalternativen. Planeringsverktyget Powerproject har använts för att ta fram en tidsplanering för vardera stomme. Tidsplaneringarna har sedan jämförts för att se vilket stomalternativ som ger minst tidsåtgång. För att stommarna ska bli så jämförbara som möjligt har gemensamma egenskapskrav ställts på bärighet, brandmotstånd och ljudisolering samt U-värde. När stommen uppfyller dessa krav, betongen torkats till 90 % relativ fuktighet och efterföljande aktiviteter kan påbörjas bedöms stomarbetet klart. Simuleringarna av tidplanerna har gjorts för kvarteret Norrstjärnan i Örebro som har använts som referensobjekt. Tiderna i rapporten är baserade på underlag tillhandahållet av NCC. Utifrån tidsplaneringarna för referensobjektet konstateras att den totala tidsåtgången för en KL-trästomme är 125 arbetsdagar och 169 arbetsdagar för en betongstomme. Det är en skillnad på 44 arbetsdagar vilket ger en procentuell skillnad på ca 35 %. / CLT-elements are used as frame material in an increasing number of multi-dwelling buildings projects in Sweden, as it is still a relatively new method, it is interesting to investigate it more closely. In the choice of frame, construction time is often an important factor and therefore the assembly time is the basis for the comparison in the study. The purpose of this report is to provide more information prior to the choice by comparing a CLT-element frame with a cast concrete frame made with lattice girder system and half shell precast walls with regard to the time required for assembly. A literature survey has been carried out to analyze which factors influence the time spent on raising the two frame options. The planning tool Powerproject has been used to develop a time schedule for each frame. The time schedules have then been compared to see which framework alternative gives the least amount of production time. In order for the frames to be as comparable as possible, common property requirements have been set for bearing capacity, fire resistance, sound insulation and U-value. When the framework meets these requirements, the concrete is dried to 90 % relative humidity and subsequent activities can be started, the work with the frame is considered finished. The simulations of the timetables have been made for the project Norrstjärnan in Örebro, which has been used as a reference object. The times in the report are based on data provided by NCC. Based on the time schedules for the reference object, it is stated that the total time spent on a CLT-element frame is 125 working days and 169 working days for a concrete frame. This is a difference of 44 working days, which gives a percentage difference of about 35 %.

The content of study is related to reducing the production times of milling of aluminum component of vacuum pump. The primary aim of the thesis is to experimentally verify the proposed cutting conditions when milling the rotor blades and then evaluate them according to predetermined parameters. The output is reducing machining time with respect to cost, tools and machine.

GÁŠEK Tomáš: The order processing by firm with usage of project management The project laboured within the field of study with the name "Production tech-nology and industrial management" describes some versions of the potential job order's progress in the manufactory at the firm "Speciální strojírna, a.s.". A customer asks for the batch production of the casts, that he will be order step by step for working in regular intervals. The part of the customer's plan is the optimalization of the production and the press of the price, that should be lower after the finishing of the production technology. Along with the correction of the price, a customer expects cutting of the delivery time with the fully quali-ty of the working. In the first version, without a wide preparation, is all working realized on the general-purpose machines. The second version focuses on the production with use of drilling jigs, that is constructed and produced by the firm itself. The input costs of this preparation at the production will be compensated with the major production times, that will be destage from the expensive borer to the cheaper drilling-machine. The last third version supposes setting of the CNC machining centres and therethrough it will be reach to huge saving of the major and minor production times by the working.

This thesis is focused on techology of manufacturing a "cage" component at CCI Brno company. It solves drilling holes to the outside diameter of it. In the first part the company CCI is introduced, and in the second part is focused on component and material analysis. Next step is analyzing present manufacturing procedures and proposing its change. At the end of this thesis is techno-economic comparison of the present and proposed technological change.