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This study demonstrates the power of deliberate and explicit attention to teacher candidates’ prior views of teaching and learning. Focus-group and individual interviews of five individuals document their development of professional knowledge in response to the experiences of a physics methods course and their practicum placements in an 8-month preservice teacher education program. This study also explores and interprets the development of a teacher educator’s professional knowledge through a collaborative self-study between the teacher of the methods course and the researcher. While teacher candidates can readily mimic surface-level features of teaching that they have witnessed over many years, they have rarely considered the complex pedagogical decisions made by teachers. This study demonstrates that teacher candidates’ prior views of school can be challenged and extended by carefully enacting a pedagogy of teacher education that contrasts with the cultural tradition of teaching as telling. Such a pedagogy helps candidates develop authority over teaching and learning experiences in ways that facilitate the construction of principled knowledge about teaching grounded in personal experiences. As explained in the literature review, a purely propositional view of teachers’ professional knowledge cannot explain how individuals learn to teach. Epistemological arguments about the role of experience in shaping professionals’ knowledge-in-action frame the qualitative analysis of interview data. One focus-group interview and five individual interviews were conducted at four points in the preservice program; Atlas.ti software facilitated identification of patterns and metaphors in the verbatim transcripts of the 24 interviews. The changing metaphors used by participants reveal the ways in which their understandings of teaching and learning developed through their preservice program. The pedagogy of teacher education enacted in the physics methods course had a major positive influence on the five participants. Although all had the same learning opportunities during the course, each candidate constructed a unique way of thinking about teaching and learning and developed different messages from the way they were taught. Some focused on how they would later enact the active-learning pedagogies they experienced; others focused on broader issues of teaching and learning. Each candidate also valued the relationship of mutual trust that developed between the professor and the class. Three principles for guiding preservice teacher education emerge as broad conclusions to the study. First, tensions experienced by teacher candidates during the practicum cannot be expected to challenge the dominant culture of schooling. Second, providing a coherent set of learning experiences within a methods course can encourage teacher candidates to confront and revise their assumptions about teaching and learning. Third, collaborative self-study can provide a powerful way for teacher educators to focus on enacting pedagogies that help candidates to identify, reframe, and extend their assumptions about teaching and learning. / Thesis (Ph.D, Education) -- Queen's University, 2009-04-23 22:25:38.716

This practicum examines how planners can exchange tacit knowledge about climate change adaptation, in order to create better communities and to further the profession. Two regions of British Columbia - the Lower Mainland and the Kootenay’s - provided case studies to determine if and how tacit knowledge was exchanged. These two regions are provincial leaders in climate change adaptation, yet their constituent communities are at different stages of adaptation. Through a literature review and case study analysis - featuring key informant interviews, the practicum demonstrates that tacit knowledge is indeed being exchanged within the regions, yet not as strongly between them. Recommendations are offered aiming to improve tacit knowledge exchange within the profession of planning – among planners and through their professional planning Institutes, and for such exchange to be better supported by planning education.

In the aftermath of three high-profile honor killings the social service administrators became strongly criticized for their lack of skills and knowledge when it comes to dealing with honorrelated cases. In order to fix this lack of knowledge and to respond to the criticism from the society, the Swedish government allocated resources to train administrators in social services to improve their knowledge of honor-related violence and know how to handle clients who are victims of honor-related crimes. The aim of this study is to examine how social service administrators perceive their professional knowledge regarding to their work in honor-related cases. How they perceive their competence and discretion in relation to the work of honor-related problems and their perception of what resources the organization has to provide training and skill development in this area. The study shows that the social service administrators experience that there has been a development of knowledge in some areas regarding their work with honor-related cases but that there still exists an uneven distribution in terms of knowledge between small and large communities in Sweden.

This practicum examines how planners can exchange tacit knowledge about climate change adaptation, in order to create better communities and to further the profession. Two regions of British Columbia - the Lower Mainland and the Kootenay’s - provided case studies to determine if and how tacit knowledge was exchanged. These two regions are provincial leaders in climate change adaptation, yet their constituent communities are at different stages of adaptation. Through a literature review and case study analysis - featuring key informant interviews, the practicum demonstrates that tacit knowledge is indeed being exchanged within the regions, yet not as strongly between them. Recommendations are offered aiming to improve tacit knowledge exchange within the profession of planning – among planners and through their professional planning Institutes, and for such exchange to be better supported by planning education.

Au cours de ces dernières années, l’éducation et la formation connaissent des phénomènes d’industrialisation accrus notamment sous l’effet du développement des TIC. Le domaine de l’enseignement et de l’apprentissage de langues vivantes étrangères (LVE) est également confronté à des transformations dues à l’internationalisation des normes de certification et au développement d’une offre de formation privée à caractère marchand. Le champ des LVE au Vietnam n’échappe pas à ces évolutions qui entraînent inévitablement des changements relatifs au processus de professionnalisation du corps enseignant. Notre recherche vise à mettre en lumière la façon dont les enseignants de LVE, dans les secteurs public et privé, se représentent leur professionnalité dans ce nouveau contexte et les priorités qu’ils estiment importantes en termes de développement professionnel. Pour ce faire, nous avons mené une enquête empirique en deux temps : une pré-enquête par entretiens auprès des enseignants de Dalat et une enquête complémentaire par questionnaire en ligne. L’analyse des entretiens semi-directifs (N 14) nous a aidé à construire le questionnaire, destiné à un public d’enseignants plus large dans le pays. L’étude des réponses (N 364) nous permet de dessiner une typologie d’enseignants qui se positionnent différemment vis-à-vis des évolutions de l’enseignement des LVE. La discussion des déterminants des trois profils identifiés nous amène à mieux cerner la dynamique du développement professionnel des enseignants de LVE vietnamiens. / During recent years, education and training have experienced greater phenomena of industrialization in particular under the influence of the development of technologies. The field of foreign language teaching and learning (FLT) has also undergone changes due to the internationalization of certification standards and the growth of private training sector. The foreign language teaching field in Vietnam is not immune to these developments that inevitably lead to significant changes in the process of professionalization of the teaching staff. Our research aims at highlighting the way foreign language teachers in both public and private sectors represent their professionalism in this new context and the priorities they consider important in terms of professionalization. To do this, we conducted our empirical research in two stages: a pre-survey by interviews with colleagues in Dalat and a supplementary survey by an online questionnaire. The analysis of the 14 semi-structured interviews of the first phase helped us to build the questionnaire that was intended for a wider audience of teachers in the country. Our questionnaire survey (N 364) allowed us to draw three different profiles which are differently positioned in terms of the evolution of FLT. The discussion of the determinants of each profile provides a better understanding of the professional development dynamics of Vietnamese foreign language teachers.

The purpose of this study is to explore the professional knowledge of recruiters and how they balance formal assessment methods with intuition during recruitment processes. This will be examined through three questions; What characteristics do recruiters value as important within their profession, and how are they developed? What formal assessment methods do recruiters use, and how are they used to get an accurate image of the applicant? How do recruiters use intuition in the assessment of a candidate? The study is grounded in a qualitative methodology and the empirical data consist of eight interviews with recruiters. The analysis has been conducted through a thematic analysis based on the interviews, with the aim of finding patterns and reappering themes. The results of the thematic analysis have been further analyzed in terms of competence, qualification, and professional knowledge as well as a theory on experience based learning. The results of our study shows that recruitment processes are extensive and demands an amount of professional knowledge and competency, which is acquired largely through experience. In our interviews we learned that recruitment should mainly occur through formal assessment methods, and unbound by subjective emotions. Through the analysis we saw that intuition influences the way recruiters use formal assessment methods, rather than using intuition as an assessment method of its own.

Currently, new knowledge domains and professions emerge as a consequence of societal changes that transform that conditions for work and work integrated learning. Integration work directed to newly arrived immigrants is one example of such a new professional knowledge domain. In civic orientation, which is the empirical case in this study, quality, standardization and dialogue are explicit strategies that impact the planning, organization and decision-making in everyday work. The interest in this thesis concerns the professional knowledge that is developed in activities aiming to provide heterogeneous groups of immigrants an orientation in the Swedish society. By making activity systems the prime unit ofanalysis and scrutinizing the ways in which integration workers make use of a stipulated course material and interactions in a specific context, the aim is to contribute to the understanding of the pedagogical and communicative knowledge that is developed in practice. The analytical approach takes its point of departure in a socio-cultural perspective on workplace studies. Three separate studies have been carried out in which the empirical data consist of observations,interviews, video recordings, field notes and documents from various integration offices.The results show that different perspectives on knowledge and culture becomes relevant in local discourses on quality in integration work. What distinguishes the integration workers professional knowledge concern seeing and understanding the heterogeneity of immigrants' cultural backgrounds and bridging boundaries.Culture function as an organizing element in work that makes it possible to make distinctions and organize a contextually relevant content that can be elaborated together with the members in the groups. Such work imply transformation of procedures and it is shown that the integration workers develop their knowledge from specific situations to understand the significance of textually mediate dimeanings in other situations. Knowledge is developed as the integration workers move between different situations and activities. It is concluded that the meaning-making involved in bridging between different cultural contexts relies on extensive knowledge in and about the recognition of the other and of interactions based on equal grounds. Negotiating agreements with the members of the groups about how common possibilities and responsibilities can be understood is central for respecting heterogeneity in the process and is at the core of the integration workers professional knowledge. Considering the future development of integration work, cumulative structures are needed that recognize and support the development of the integration workers professional knowledge within as well as between organizations and other related fields of practice and in relation to higher education.

A profissão professor é aquela com a qual todas as pessoas possuem mais contato, pois todos os que passaram pela educação básica conviveram diariamente com professores por, pelo menos doze anos e, intuitivamente, reconhecem os bons profissionais. No entanto, transformar a intuição numa base de conhecimentos sistematizada que explique o sucesso de uns em detrimento dos problemas enfrentados por outros não é uma tarefa simples. Neste trabalho nossa hipótese se baseia na possibilidade de reconhecimento dos conhecimentos da base de um professor por parte dos seus alunos. Para tanto, nos pautamos no referencial da base de conhecimentos profissionais e, em particular seu conceito mais conhecido, o Conhecimento Pedagógico de Conteúdo (PCK) que representa o conhecimento que os professores utilizam no processo do ensino. Com esse intuito foram investigados três professores de química, a partir das percepções que seus estudantes têm das suas práticas educativas e essas percepções foram confrontadas com a análise do pesquisador. A pesquisa apresenta uma abordagem mista (qualitativa e quantitativa). Os dados coletados incluem os planejamentos de curso, entrevistas, registros audiovisuais e respostas ao instrumento CoRe dos professores por um lado, e por outro, entrevistas com os estudantes e respostas a um instrumento de análise quantitativa reportado na literatura. As análises dos três professores em contextos diferentes indicam que os alunos conseguem, de modo geral, reconhecer os conhecimentos relacionados a algumas categorias de conhecimentos mais vinculadas à prática do professor, enquanto não conseguem julgar algumas categorias relacionadas a conhecimentos extraclasse, que não se apresentam diretamente nas ações do professor em sala de aula. Dentre os conhecimentos reconhecidos pelos estudantes estão o Conhecimento do Conteúdo; Conhecimento das Estratégias de Ensino; Conhecimento dos Procedimentos de Avaliação; e Conhecimento dos Objetivos Educacionais e Contexto. Entretanto, nos três casos estudados, os estudantes não conseguiram perceber o Conhecimento da Compreensão e Conhecimentos Prévios dos Estudantes, o Conhecimento do Currículo e o Processo Reflexivo. Os alunos da Licenciatura em Química foram mais criteriosos em perceber os conhecimentos dos professores do que os alunos do Bacharelado. Em relação à análise quantitativa realizada, é possível interpretar que existem indícios sobre alguns aspectos da prática, mas a simples interpretação dos dados numéricos não poderia apontar para um alto ou baixo grau de conhecimento do professor. Podemos ainda apontar que uma mesma ferramenta de análise quantitativa não pode servir para o reconhecimento de conhecimentos profissionais em ambientes com características tão distintas como aqueles em que se deu a coleta de dados. Entretanto, a mesma pode servir de base complementar ao estudo qualitativo desenvolvido através de uma análise múltipla. / Teacher profession is one with which all people have more affinity. For all who have gone through basic education lived daily with teachers for at least twelve years and intuitively recognize the good teacher. However, transforming intuition on the systematic base of knowledge to explain the success of some teachers at the expense of the problems faced by others is not a simple task. In this work our hypothesis is based on the possibility of recognition of the knowledge base of a teacher by their students. To this end, we base on the professional knowledge base literature and in particular his best-known concept, the Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) that represents the knowledge that teachers use in the educational process. To that end we have been investigated three chemistry teachers from the perceptions that their students have about their educational practices and these perceptions were compared with analysis of the researcher. The research presents a qualitative and quantitative approach. The data collected include course plans, interviews, audiovisual records and responses to CoRe instrument of teachers on the one hand, and on the other, interviews with students and answers to a quantitative analysis instrument reported in the literature. The analysis of the three teachers in different contexts indicate that students can, in general, recognize the knowledge related to certain categories of knowledge more linked to the practice of teacher, while unable to judge some categories related to extracurricular knowledge, which are not presented directly during the actions of the teacher in the classroom. Among the teacher knowledge students recognized are Content Knowledge; Knowledge of teaching strategies; Knowledge of Assessment Procedures; and Knowledge of Context and of Educational Objectives. However, in the three cases studied, the students failed to grasp the Knowledge of Students\' understandings, the Knowledge of Curriculum and the Reflective Process. Student teachers were more discerning in understanding the knowledge of teachers than students of the Bachelor courses. With regard to quantitative analysis, it is possible interpret that there are indications of some aspects of the practice, but the simple interpretation of numerical data could not point to a high or low degree of teacher knowledge. We can also point out that the same quantitative analysis tool cannot serve for the recognition of professional knowledge in environments with such distinctive features as those who gave data collection. However, it can serve as a complementary basis to the qualitative study developed through multiple analysis.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-04T21:16:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 19 / Nenhuma / A presente tese é fruto do estudo realizado no campo da docência universitária, explorando as fronteiras e os intercruzamentos entre a razão e a emoção; o vivido e o observado; o teórico e a prática; os saberes profissionais e a intuição docente. Através da pesquisa, buscou-se responder como os docentes universitários constituem seus saberes profissionais e como utilizam a intuição em seu saber-fazer cotidiano. Na construção teórica, dialogou-se, fundamentalmente, com alguns autores, entre eles: Cunha (1998); Leite [Org.] (1999); Garrido; Cunha; Martini [org.] (2002); Masetto (1998); Morosini [org.] (2003); Tardif et al (1991); Tardif (2002); Tardif; Gauthier (1996); Borges (1995); Claxton & Atkinson (2002); Viera Pinto (1979); Sousa Santos (1995), (2002). Metodologicamente o estudo caracterizou-se como uma pesquisa qualitativa, na perspectiva do paradigma emergente, buscando a construção de um conhecimento científico que pudesse tornar-se um novo senso comum emancipatório (SOUSA SANTOS, 1995). Os instrumento / The present dissertation is the result of a study performed in the field of academic teaching, exploring the borders and intersections between: reason and emotion; what was experienced and what was observed; theory and practice; professional knowledge and teachers’ intuition. By means of research, we have tried to answer how university teachers constitute their professional knowledge and how they use intuition in their daily know-how. In the theoretical construction we had a dialogue fundamentally with some authors, among them we point out: Cunha (1998); Leite [Org.] (1999); Garrido; Cunha; Martini [org.] (2002); Masetto (1998); Morosini [org.] (2003); Tardif et al (1991); Tardif (2002); Tardif; Gauthier (1996); Borges (1995); Claxton & Atkinson (2002); Viera Pinto (1979); Sousa Santos (1995), (2002). Methodologically, the study was characterized as a qualitative research in the perspective of the emerging paradigm, looking into the construction of scientific knowledge that could become a new emancipative com