Research on project-based instruction is common in mainstream education. It conceives the activity broadly, but omits language. It is rare in English as a Second Language (ESL) education, and Second Language Acquisition (SLA) theory conceives it narrowly, omitting a functional view of language. The present study examines the implementation of project-based instruction in ESL classes in a Canadian secondary school through interviews with Canadian ESL teachers and Chinese ESL students, observations of two projects in action, and examination of students' written work, and school, school board and Ministry of Education documents. Results indicate that the teachers held and implemented a broad, integrated conception of project-based instruction that includes a functional view of language. They have many more goals than those stressed for project-based instruction in the SLA literature, and have goals that are not included even in the mainstream literature. The teachers evaluated project-based instruction positively, and the researcher's observations support the teachers' evaluations. However, despite teacher's and students' successes, a number of students evaluated project-based instruction negatively. This discrepancy is discussed using three explanatory models (philosophical, cultural, and linguistic) that the participants may have been using when interpreting project-based instruction. The study points to the need to develop a rationale which adequately addresses project-based instruction as a functional language learning activity in the context of academic subject matter learning. It identifies problems of cross-cultural interpretation of and communication about projects, and notes difficulties of resolving them. It points out the necessity for an examination of the processes of project-based instruction, noting places of difficulty and success, and considering promising strategies.

Thesis (M.Ed.)--York University, 2006. Graduate Programme in Education. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 130-133). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NR30876

Thesis (M.Ed.)--York University, 2007. Graduate Programme in Education. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 98-100). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:MR29301

This diploma thesis on the topic Home Pet contains art approaches that lead students to a sensitive and conscious behaviour towards animals. The theoretical part presents imaging of an animal in the history of art and possibilities of involvement of the animal themes to Framework Education Programme and School Education Programme for Elementary Art Schools. The thesis also focuses on the relationship between children and animals and the healing power of animals. Further, the thesis discusses the project method of teaching, which was chosen for the given topic at Elementary Art School. The practical part of the thesis was realized in the preparatory year and the first year of Elementary Art Schools in Dačice and Jemnice and reflects the course of my own lesson on the topic Home Pet.

Orientador: Ana Maria Pellegrini / Coorientador: Cynthia Yukiko Hiraga / Banca: Luiz Eduardo Pinto Bastos Tourinho Dantas / Banca: Ana Amélia Cardoso Rodrigues / Resumo: A escrita é uma habilidade manual típica do ser humano, indispensável para que o indivíduo se integre e se adapte ao meio social. É uma habilidade bastante complexa que envolve uma combinação de componentes perceptivos, motores, cinestésicos e cognitivos. A avaliação da escrita é o primeiro desafio encontrado pelas professoras que atuam no processo de alfabetização. O presente estudo teve como objetivo validar e adaptar transculturalmente, para o contexto brasileiro, o Minnesota Handwriting Assessment (MHA), instrumento elaborado por Judith Reisman e utilizado nos Estados Unidos da América do Norte para avaliação da qualidade da escrita manual. Participaram do estudo 448 crianças matriculadas nos 2º e 3º anos do sistema público de ensino e duas professoras de escola que foram examinadoras. O método de validação proposto foi o "Cross-Cultural Adaptation" e a validação foi feita com base no estilo de escrita de forma. Em um primeiro momento, foi realizada a equivalência de conceitos, semântica e idiomática resultantes da tradução e retradução do MHA. A seguir, a fidedignidade desse instrumento de avaliação da qualidade da escrita foi verificada pelo Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse (CCI). Posteriormente, as crianças foram solicitadas a copiar uma frase com todas as letras do alfabeto brasileiro. Finalmente, duas professoras aplicaram o instrumento traduzido e adaptado para validação do mesmo. O CCI do teste-reteste foi 0,92 para legibilidade, 0,90 para forma, 0,99 para alinhamento e 0,89 para espaçamento, sendo significativo em todas as categorias. Com relação a fidedignidade entre avaliadores, o CCI foi 0,89 para legibilidade, 0,99 para alinhamento, 0,98 para tamanho e 0,90 para espaçamento, alcançando nível de significância em todas estas categorias. O CCI da categoria forma foi 0,53, não atingindo nível de significância, resultado esse que pode estar relacionado à variabilidade do padrão... / Abstract: Writing is a typical hand human skill, which is essential for individuals to integrate and adapt to the social environment. It is a fairly complex skill that involves a combination of perceptual, motor, kinesthetic and cognitive components. The assessment of writing is one of the several challenges encountered by teachers in the literacy process. The present study aimed to validate and adapt transculturally, for the Brazilian context, the Minnesota Handwriting Assessment (MHA), an instrument developed by Judith Reisman and used in the United States of America. Participated in the study 448 children enrolled in the 2nd and 3rd school years from the public school system and two school teachers who served as examiners. The validation method proposed was the "Cross-Cultural Adaptation" and was applied for the validation only of the discrete D'Nealian style of handwriting. First, the equivalence of concepts, semantics and resulting idiomatic translation and retranslation of the MHA was done. Then, trustworthiness of this instrument for assessing the quality of the writing was verified. Next, children were asked to copy a sentence with all letters of the Brazilian alphabet. Finally, two teachers applied the adapted instrument for validation. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) for the trustworthiness test-retest was 0.92 for readability, 0.90 for form, 0.99 for alignment and 0.89 for spacing, being significant in all categories. With respect to reliability among evaluators, the ICC was 0.89 for readability, 0.99 for alignment, 0.98 for size, and 0.90 for spacing, reaching level of significance in these categories. The ICC 0,53 of form category did not reach level of significance what can be related to variability of the handwriting pattern of the Brazilian children. The cross-cultural adaptation proposed and the satisfactory results obtained from the validation of the discrete D'Nealian style of handwriting allow for the statement... / Mestre

Acompanha: Contribuições do ensino por projetos na formação do técnico em edificações. / Este estudo surgiu em decorrência da grande resistência dos alunos do Curso Técnico em Edificações em relação à disciplina de Controle e Proteção Ambiental, no ano de 2012, por abordar temas pertinentes à sustentabilidade na área da construção civil. Buscando desmistificar o conceito antagônico pré-concebido sobre o assunto, utilizou-se como estratégia o ensino por projetos. Dessa forma, o objetivo geral deste estudo foi verificar quais as contribuições do ensino por projetos na disciplina de Controle e Proteção Ambiental para a formação do Técnico em Edificações. O estudo foi desenvolvido com 16 alunos do 4º Período do Curso Técnico em Edificações, modalidade subsequente ao Ensino Médio, de um Colégio Público da cidade de Ponta Grossa, no Paraná, durante o segundo semestre letivo do ano de 2013. A abordagem metodológica foi qualitativa de natureza interpretativa. Os dados e observações pertinentes à pesquisa foram registrados em forma de notas de observação e reflexão, relatos de alunos, fotos, vídeos, depoimentos de alunos e professores de outras disciplinas, questionários e avaliações sobre a elaboração e desempenho dos alunos e dos grupos durante a realização dos projetos, sendo realizados em diferentes momentos dependendo da atividade, durante todo o semestre. As atividades desenvolvidas neste estudo foram divididas em duas partes, sendo a primeira, referente ao projeto de ensino desenvolvido pelo professor junto aos alunos, composto por 13 momentos, nos quais foram trabalhados conceitos pertinentes à sustentabilidade e proteção ambiental na construção civil, buscando desenvolver e/ou acessar subsunçores existentes nos alunos em relação à temática para o prosseguimento das atividades na segunda parte. A segunda parte refere-se aos três projetos de trabalhos realizados pelos alunos, os quais se dividem em três fases cada um, a partir dos conceitos de sustentabilidade na construção civil. Para a realização do estudo, foram utilizadas ao todo 82 aulas durante o semestre letivo, composto de quatro aulas semanais. Os principais resultados dos projetos P1, P2 e P3 evidenciaram a contribuição do ensino por projetos na disciplina de Controle e Proteção Ambiental, no efetivo desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências de sustentabilidade nos alunos, por meio da identificação e aperfeiçoamento das características como a persistência, o comprometimento, a realização, a busca de oportunidade e iniciativa, a exigência de qualidade e eficiência, entre outras. Em relação à aprendizagem, foram identificados nos trabalhos de conclusão de curso dos alunos temas referentes à disciplina, e ou reflexões pertinentes a ela, nos mais variados temas escolhidos. Outro resultado foi a elaboração de um guia didático para a utilização do ensino por projetos, aplicável ao curso técnico, intencionado a desenvolver habilidades e competências e de sustentabilidade, possibilitando a formação omnilateral do aluno. / This study arose due to the great resistance of the students of the Technical Course in Buildings regarding the discipline of Control and Environmental Protection, in 2012, by addressing issues relevant to sustainability in the construction area. Seeking demystify the preconceived antagonistic view of the occasion, was used as a strategy for teaching projects. Thus, the general objective of this study was to verify which the contributions of teaching by projects in the discipline of Control and Environmental Protection for the formation of the Technical in Buildings. The study was conducted with 16 students of the 4th Course Period Technician Building, subsequent mode to High School, a Public School in the city of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, during the second semester of 2013. The methodological approach was qualitative interpretative nature. The data and relevant comments to the survey were recorded in the form of observation notes and reflection, students reports, photos, videos, testimonials from students and teachers of other subjects, questionnaires and reviews on the preparation and performance of students and groups during realization of projects being carried out at different times depending on the activity, throughout the semester. The activities developed in this study were divided into two parts, the first being, concerning the teaching project developed by the teacher to the students, with 13 times, which were worked concepts pertinent to the sustainability and environmental protection in the construction industry, to develop and / or access existing subsumers in students in relation to the theme for the continuation of activities in the second half. The second part refers to the three projects of works done by the students, which are divided into three stages each, from the concepts of sustainability in construction. For the study, were used in all 82 classes during the semester, consisting of four weekly classes. The main results of the projects P1, P2 and P3 showed the contribution of education for projects in the discipline of Control and Environmental Protection, the effective development of skills and competence of sustainability in students, by identifying and improving characteristics such as persistence, commitment, achievement, the search for opportunity and initiative, the demand for quality and efficiency, among others. In relation to learning, has been identified in subjects students of completion of course work on the subject, and or relevant reflections to it, in various chosen topics. Another result was the development of a teaching guide for the use of teaching by projects applicable to the technical course, intended to develop skills and competencies and sustainability, enabling omnilateral student education

Acompanha: Contribuições do ensino por projetos na formação do técnico em edificações. / Este estudo surgiu em decorrência da grande resistência dos alunos do Curso Técnico em Edificações em relação à disciplina de Controle e Proteção Ambiental, no ano de 2012, por abordar temas pertinentes à sustentabilidade na área da construção civil. Buscando desmistificar o conceito antagônico pré-concebido sobre o assunto, utilizou-se como estratégia o ensino por projetos. Dessa forma, o objetivo geral deste estudo foi verificar quais as contribuições do ensino por projetos na disciplina de Controle e Proteção Ambiental para a formação do Técnico em Edificações. O estudo foi desenvolvido com 16 alunos do 4º Período do Curso Técnico em Edificações, modalidade subsequente ao Ensino Médio, de um Colégio Público da cidade de Ponta Grossa, no Paraná, durante o segundo semestre letivo do ano de 2013. A abordagem metodológica foi qualitativa de natureza interpretativa. Os dados e observações pertinentes à pesquisa foram registrados em forma de notas de observação e reflexão, relatos de alunos, fotos, vídeos, depoimentos de alunos e professores de outras disciplinas, questionários e avaliações sobre a elaboração e desempenho dos alunos e dos grupos durante a realização dos projetos, sendo realizados em diferentes momentos dependendo da atividade, durante todo o semestre. As atividades desenvolvidas neste estudo foram divididas em duas partes, sendo a primeira, referente ao projeto de ensino desenvolvido pelo professor junto aos alunos, composto por 13 momentos, nos quais foram trabalhados conceitos pertinentes à sustentabilidade e proteção ambiental na construção civil, buscando desenvolver e/ou acessar subsunçores existentes nos alunos em relação à temática para o prosseguimento das atividades na segunda parte. A segunda parte refere-se aos três projetos de trabalhos realizados pelos alunos, os quais se dividem em três fases cada um, a partir dos conceitos de sustentabilidade na construção civil. Para a realização do estudo, foram utilizadas ao todo 82 aulas durante o semestre letivo, composto de quatro aulas semanais. Os principais resultados dos projetos P1, P2 e P3 evidenciaram a contribuição do ensino por projetos na disciplina de Controle e Proteção Ambiental, no efetivo desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências de sustentabilidade nos alunos, por meio da identificação e aperfeiçoamento das características como a persistência, o comprometimento, a realização, a busca de oportunidade e iniciativa, a exigência de qualidade e eficiência, entre outras. Em relação à aprendizagem, foram identificados nos trabalhos de conclusão de curso dos alunos temas referentes à disciplina, e ou reflexões pertinentes a ela, nos mais variados temas escolhidos. Outro resultado foi a elaboração de um guia didático para a utilização do ensino por projetos, aplicável ao curso técnico, intencionado a desenvolver habilidades e competências e de sustentabilidade, possibilitando a formação omnilateral do aluno. / This study arose due to the great resistance of the students of the Technical Course in Buildings regarding the discipline of Control and Environmental Protection, in 2012, by addressing issues relevant to sustainability in the construction area. Seeking demystify the preconceived antagonistic view of the occasion, was used as a strategy for teaching projects. Thus, the general objective of this study was to verify which the contributions of teaching by projects in the discipline of Control and Environmental Protection for the formation of the Technical in Buildings. The study was conducted with 16 students of the 4th Course Period Technician Building, subsequent mode to High School, a Public School in the city of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, during the second semester of 2013. The methodological approach was qualitative interpretative nature. The data and relevant comments to the survey were recorded in the form of observation notes and reflection, students reports, photos, videos, testimonials from students and teachers of other subjects, questionnaires and reviews on the preparation and performance of students and groups during realization of projects being carried out at different times depending on the activity, throughout the semester. The activities developed in this study were divided into two parts, the first being, concerning the teaching project developed by the teacher to the students, with 13 times, which were worked concepts pertinent to the sustainability and environmental protection in the construction industry, to develop and / or access existing subsumers in students in relation to the theme for the continuation of activities in the second half. The second part refers to the three projects of works done by the students, which are divided into three stages each, from the concepts of sustainability in construction. For the study, were used in all 82 classes during the semester, consisting of four weekly classes. The main results of the projects P1, P2 and P3 showed the contribution of education for projects in the discipline of Control and Environmental Protection, the effective development of skills and competence of sustainability in students, by identifying and improving characteristics such as persistence, commitment, achievement, the search for opportunity and initiative, the demand for quality and efficiency, among others. In relation to learning, has been identified in subjects students of completion of course work on the subject, and or relevant reflections to it, in various chosen topics. Another result was the development of a teaching guide for the use of teaching by projects applicable to the technical course, intended to develop skills and competencies and sustainability, enabling omnilateral student education

Esta dissertação de mestrado, circunscrita à área de Didática, teorias de ensino e práticas escolares tem, como objeto de estudo, a produção pedagógica do professor William Heard Kilpatrick (18711965), tema pouco explorado no campo das pesquisas em educação. Herdeiro de John Dewey, mas com uma reflexão singular, o autor tem uma contribuição relevante no que se refere ao reconhecimento da necessidade de raciocínio filosófico e da reflexão para sublinhar os efeitos e possibilidades políticas da educação. A análise das concepções de Kilpatrick e da sua atuação no movimento de educação progressista do início do século XX demonstrou que suas ideias também continuam a ser pertinentes e relevantes para as discussões que têm ocorrido nos últimos anos, nas quais é observado um esforço para compreender as mudanças sociais, os propósitos democráticos da escolaridade, bem como a necessidade de vincular esses fins com ações pedagógicas concretas. Assim, a opção de analisar a obra desse autor justifica-se por sua relevância histórica, pela lacuna de pesquisas que se dediquem ao tema e, à medida do que é possível, encontrar na vanguarda da pedagogia atual referências a muitas de suas ideias, além de importantes releituras e aplicações do método de projetos.O estudo visa contribuir para a contextualização da obra pedagógica de Kilpatrick à luz de suas concepções mais amplas, enfocando as ideias de currículo e aprendizagem e descrevendo o método de projetos por ele proposto; também busca investigar as aproximações e distâncias entre o método de projetos apresentado por Kilpatrick e a apropriação feita por Fernando Hernández, presente em seu método de projetos de trabalho, dentro de uma perspectiva de busca de sentido da abordagem contemporânea do método de projetos. Configurou-se como método pertinente a esta pesquisa a leitura analítica da bibliografia selecionada: obras específicas de Kilpatrick, que abarcam suas concepções educacionais, parte do referencial acadêmico acerca da obra do autor e de suas matrizes teóricas e obras sobre o método de projetos que compõem o objeto de análise. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam que, compreender o uso dos projetos na escola contemporânea requer um diálogo com a perspectiva de Kilpatrick proposta em acordo com a ideia da construção e consolidação da sociedade democrática e que sua obra é material relevante para pesquisas educacionais. / This dissertation, confined to the area of Didactics, theories of teaching and school practices has, as its object of study, the pedagogical production of Professor William Heard Kilpatrick (1871-1965), a subject little explored in the field of research in education. Disciple of John Dewey, but with its own singular reflection, the author has an important contribution regarding to the recognition of the need for philosophical reasoning and reflection to emphasize the effects and political possibilities of education. The analysis of the conceptions of Kilpatrick and his performance in the progressive education movement of the early twentieth century also showed that his ideas remain pertinent and relevant to the discussions that have occurred in recent years, which is observed in an effort to understand the social changes, the democratic purposes of schooling, as well as the need to link these purposes with concrete pedagogical actions. Thus, the option to review the work of this author is justified by its historical relevance, the lack of research devoted to the topic and, to the extent that is possible, to find at the forefront of current teaching references to many of his ideas, as well of important readings and applications of the project method. The study aims to contextualize the pedagogical work of Kilpatrick in light of his broader conceptions, focusing on the ideas of curriculum and learning and describing the project method proposed by him; also investigates the approximations and the distances between the project method of Kilpatrick and the appropriation made by Fernando Hernández, present in his method of work projects, within a perspective of seeking contemporary approach towards the project method. It was configured as a relevant method to this research, the analytical readings of selected bibliography: Kilpatricks specific works, which covers his educational concepts, part of the academic references about the author\'s work and his theoretical frameworks and works on the project method that composes the object of analysis. The results of the research indicates that, understanding the use of projects in the contemporary school, requires a dialogue with the prospect of Kilpatricks proposal in accordance with the idea of building and consolidating the democratic society and that his work is a relevant material for educational research.

The aim of this thesis is to determine whether it is possible to develop pupils' independence by way of the project method, which is based on my own practical experience. The thesis is divided into two main parts: the theoretical part and the practical part. The theoretical part summarizes and evaluates the knowledge gained by studying the available literature on the topic of pupils' independence and the theme of project method. The conclusion of the theoretical part summarises the bases for the development of the self- reliance via project method. The practical part analyses my previous teaching experiences, like the use of project method in terms of pupils' independence and this analysis is followed up with the practical research, based on a new project which is focused on the development of the pupils' independence in the activating teaching methods that have not been used yet. The part of the appendix includes final pieces of pupils' works from some of the projects described in the practical part, pupils' mind maps from their projects and photo documentation of the newly realised project, which was aimed at developing pupils' independence. In conclusion, I validate, based on my own research, the hypothesis that the targeted use of project method leads to the development of the pupils'...

Research on project-based instruction is common in mainstream education. It conceives the activity broadly, but omits language. It is rare in English as a Second Language (ESL) education, and Second Language Acquisition (SLA) theory conceives it narrowly, omitting a functional view of language. The present study examines the implementation of project-based instruction in ESL classes in a Canadian secondary school through interviews with Canadian ESL teachers and Chinese ESL students, observations of two projects in action, and examination of students' written work, and school, school board and Ministry of Education documents. Results indicate that the teachers held and implemented a broad, integrated conception of project-based instruction that includes a functional view of language. They have many more goals than those stressed for project-based instruction in the SLA literature, and have goals that are not included even in the mainstream literature. The teachers evaluated project-based instruction positively, and the researcher's observations support the teachers' evaluations. However, despite teacher's and students' successes, a number of students evaluated project-based instruction negatively. This discrepancy is discussed using three explanatory models (philosophical, cultural, and linguistic) that the participants may have been using when interpreting project-based instruction. The study points to the need to develop a rationale which adequately addresses project-based instruction as a functional language learning activity in the context of academic subject matter learning. It identifies problems of cross-cultural interpretation of and communication about projects, and notes difficulties of resolving them. It points out the necessity for an examination of the processes of project-based instruction, noting places of difficulty and success, and considering promising strategies. / Education, Faculty of / Language and Literacy Education (LLED), Department of / Graduate