Face à un constat de déconnexion entre la valorisation de trois types d’actifs (deux actifs financiers et un actif immobilier) et les fondamentaux économiques dans la période récente, marquée par l’occurrence de crises économiques et financières sévères, cette thèse vise à mettre en évidence le rôle des anticipations des agents économiques.Premièrement, cette thèse souligne que le rôle des anticipations dans la récente crise de dette en zone euro est lié à l’existence de complémentarités stratégiques dans les décisions des agents économiques. Dans cette perspective, l’apport de cette thèse est de s’intéresser à un fait central et pourtant passé relativement inaperçu : la hausse de la part de dette détenue par les résidents dans les économies les plus fragiles de la zone euro à partir de la fin 2008. Nous montrons que si les chocs d’endettement public ont bien un effet positifs ur le biais domestique dans la détention de dette publique, les chocs d’anticipations pessimistes peuvent également jouer un rôle significatif pour expliquer les variations du biais domestique. Deuxièmement, cette thèse montre que la volatilité excessive du prix de certains actifs relativement aux fondamentaux peut être expliquée dans le cadre de modèles standards dès lors que l’on relâche l’hypothèse d’anticipations rationnelles et que l’on suppose que les agents estiment les paramètres des lois gouvernant la dynamique des fondamentaux, à la façon d’économètres. Sous cette hypothèse, un modèle de prix d’actifs standard permet d’expliquer l’épisode de forte valorisation du prix des actions américaines au début des années 2000, suivi par un fort effondrement des cours à partir de 2008 et jusqu’à mi-2009.Enfin, nous montrons que modéliser un processus d’apprentissage bayésien sur le prix des actifs immobiliers dans le cadre d’un modèle DSGE avec des frictions de crédit permet d’expliquer simultanément la forte volatilité des prix immobiliers - qui a joué un rôle central dans la crise des subprimes - et celle de variables caractérisant le cycle des affaires aux Etats-Unis sur la période 1985-2015. / In view of the disconnect between the pricing of three types of assets (two types of financial assets and real-estate assets) and economic fundamentals in the recent period ofsevere economic and financial crises, this thesis aims at highlighting the role of economicagents’ expectations.First, this thesis emphasizes that the role of expectations in the recent Eurozonesovereign debt crisis relates to strategic complementarities in agents’ decisions. In thisrespect, this thesis focuses on one major but mostly unnoticed fact: the share of governmentdebt held by the resident sector increased beginning at the end of 2008 in the mostfragile economies of the zone. We show that – whereas public debt shocks positively affectthe home bias in sovereign debt – pessimistic expectation shocks can also significantlyexplain variations in home bias.Second, this thesis shows that excess volatility in stock and in house prices relativeto fundamentals can be accounted for by standard models when the rational expectationshypothesis is relaxed and when agents are assumed to estimate the parameters of the lawsof motion driving the dynamics of economic fundamentals – that is, as econometricians.Under this assumption, a standard asset pricing model can explain the persistently highvaluation in US stock prices in the early 2000s followed by their dramatic bust by 2009.Finally, we show that modelling Bayesian learning regarding house prices in the contextof a DSGE model with credit frictions allows us to simultaneously replicate the dramaticvolatility in house prices - which played a crucial role in the subprime crisis - and in businesscycle variables over the 1985-2015 period.

Please read the abstract in the section 03back of this document / Dissertation (MA (Semitic Languages))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Ancient Languages / unrestricted

Conceptual development and achievement are embedded in social relationships. Research on self-fulfilling prophecies in the classroom has shown teachers' inaccurate perceptions about a child's ability shape schoolchildren's intellectual development in the direction of the misperception (Jussim & Harber, 2005; Rosenthal & Jacobson, 1968; Sorhagen, 2013). This contrasts with prior research on the influences of parents' misperceptions, which has shown that parents with accurate perceptions of their child's abilities, compared to those with misperceptions, have children with advanced conceptual development and higher achievement (Hunt & Paraskevopoulos, 1980; S. A. Miller, Manhal, & Mee, 1991; Sorhagen, 2014a, 2014b). Taken together, the literature on adult misperceptions of child abilities paints discrepant pictures of how adults' inaccurate beliefs may influence children's achievement trajectories. There is evidence for conditional direct and indirect effects of misperceptions within both literatures. Perhaps if moderating conditions were the same at school and at home, the effects of teacher and parent misperceptions would be the same. The present dissertation used prospective data to address the conflicting evidence on the effects of teachers' and mothers' misperceptions of abilities, focusing on differences in the magnitude and direction of adult misperceptions by the levels of environmental control (i.e. rigidly structured and intrusive versus autonomy-supporting). The results confirmed and extended the prior literature by showing that children's reading and math achievement in high school were differentially affected by the accuracy of adults' perceptions of the children's abilities depending on whether the adult is a teacher or mother. Children's high school performance benefited most when their teachers overestimated their abilities and when their mothers' accurately estimated their abilities in in third-grade. Furthermore, there was evidence for mediation through adults' differential treatment in the reading models. Evidence for moderation was also seen in the reading models, but only for the influence of teachers' misperceptions on teacher attention, which indirectly led to differences in child achievement (i.e. conditional indirect effects). The effects of teachers' misperceptions were more profound at low levels of environmental control compared to highly controlled classrooms. Thus environmental control did not lead to similar influences of teacher and mother misperceptions. This supports the notion that there are different consequences of teacher and mother misperceptions on child achievement. The results of additional analyses found child characteristics (i.e. child birth order, gender, ethnicity, family SES, child social competencies, and prior abilities), as well as teacher's self-efficacy predicted the degree of accuracy of the adults' perceptions of children's reading and math abilities. Furthermore, the results showed that teachers' and mothers' perceptions were often accurate, but when one adult was inaccurate, it was likely that the other adult's perception was similar. As we become increasingly aware of the importance of social influences on cognition, the results of the present dissertation suggest that it is important to consider differences between socializing agents. / Psychology

Text in German / Prophetie und Evangelisation sind zentrale Themen der Bibel und wichtige Instrumente Gottes. Biblische Berichte zeigen, dass Mission und Evangelisation oft erst durch ein prophetisches Wort moglich wurde. Das erste Kapitel widmet sich diesen Themen. Es ist das Anliegen dieser Studie, die in den Jahren 1980-2000 uber Berlin ausgesprochenen Prophetien zu analysieren. Die Prophetien werden mit biblischen Aussagen verglichen, gegeneinander ins Verhaltnis gesetzt und auf ihre missionstheoiogische Relevanz hin untersucht. Eine Befragung einiger Berliner Leber chainsmatisch-gepragter Gemeinden liefert den praktischen Anteil dieser Studie. Die theoretischen Grundlagen werden im zweiten und die Ergebnisse im dritten Kapitel behandelt. Es ist zu betonen, dass sich die untersuchten Prophetien jeglicher objektiver Beurteilung entziehen. Alle Angaben sind zeitlich nicht gebunden und sehr allgemein gehalten. Allen gemeinsam ist jedoch ein geistlicher Quantensprang, der von einer flachendeckenden Ausgiessung des Geistes Gottes uber Berlin handelt. Dieser Sachverhalt wird im vierten Kapitel dargestellt und diskutiert. / Prophecy and evangelisation are central topics of the Bible and instruments of God, Biblical reports show, that mission and evangelisation were mostly possible by a prophetic word (Chapter one). The concern of this study is to analyse the prophecies spoken out for Berlin between the years 1980 to 2000. The prophecies were compared with biblical statements, were proportionate to one another and were analysed regarding their mission-theologicai relevance. A questioning of few leaders of charismatic-embossed churches of Berlin gives the practical part of the study (the theoretical part see chapter two, the results see chapter three). It has to be articulated, that there is no objective judgement for the analysed prophecies. All indications are not bound by time and were given in general sense. All prophecies deal with a spiritual quantum leap, who speaks of an out-pouring of the Spirit of God over Berlin covering the whole area (Chapter four). / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M.Th. (Missiology)

Text in German / Prophetie und Evangelisation sind zentrale Themen der Bibel und wichtige Instrumente Gottes. Biblische Berichte zeigen, dass Mission und Evangelisation oft erst durch ein prophetisches Wort moglich wurde. Das erste Kapitel widmet sich diesen Themen. Es ist das Anliegen dieser Studie, die in den Jahren 1980-2000 uber Berlin ausgesprochenen Prophetien zu analysieren. Die Prophetien werden mit biblischen Aussagen verglichen, gegeneinander ins Verhaltnis gesetzt und auf ihre missionstheoiogische Relevanz hin untersucht. Eine Befragung einiger Berliner Leber chainsmatisch-gepragter Gemeinden liefert den praktischen Anteil dieser Studie. Die theoretischen Grundlagen werden im zweiten und die Ergebnisse im dritten Kapitel behandelt. Es ist zu betonen, dass sich die untersuchten Prophetien jeglicher objektiver Beurteilung entziehen. Alle Angaben sind zeitlich nicht gebunden und sehr allgemein gehalten. Allen gemeinsam ist jedoch ein geistlicher Quantensprang, der von einer flachendeckenden Ausgiessung des Geistes Gottes uber Berlin handelt. Dieser Sachverhalt wird im vierten Kapitel dargestellt und diskutiert. / Prophecy and evangelisation are central topics of the Bible and instruments of God, Biblical reports show, that mission and evangelisation were mostly possible by a prophetic word (Chapter one). The concern of this study is to analyse the prophecies spoken out for Berlin between the years 1980 to 2000. The prophecies were compared with biblical statements, were proportionate to one another and were analysed regarding their mission-theologicai relevance. A questioning of few leaders of charismatic-embossed churches of Berlin gives the practical part of the study (the theoretical part see chapter two, the results see chapter three). It has to be articulated, that there is no objective judgement for the analysed prophecies. All indications are not bound by time and were given in general sense. All prophecies deal with a spiritual quantum leap, who speaks of an out-pouring of the Spirit of God over Berlin covering the whole area (Chapter four). / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M.Th. (Missiology)

El objetivo de la tesis es estudiar las profecías en <i>Eneida</i> de Virgilio, es decir, analizar aquellos discursos emitidos por un personaje divino o dotado de conocimiento divino (fantasmas, sacerdotes) y dirigidos a otro personaje, divino o humano, para comunicarle algún evento futuro inscripto en la trama del <i>fatum</i>. Tomando en consideración los aportes de G. Manetti (1987, 2010), se ha adoptado una perspectiva semiótica que considera la transmisión de profecías, y la adivinación antigua en general, como un modo particular de comunicación y de producción de significado. La tesis consta de una introducción, tres partes centrales y una sección final en la que se exponen las conclusiones de la investigación. La primera parte, titulada “El <i>fatum</i> en <i>Eneida</i>”, constituye un estudio acerca de este término en el poema de Virgilio, atendiendo a su empleo en los diferentes niveles narrativos. Se incluye un estado de la cuestión y se realiza una propuesta de interpretación del <i>fatum</i> en <i>Eneida</i> en relación con la lectura postulada por Ovidio en el libro 15 de <i>Metamorfosis</i>. La segunda parte, “Las profecías en el relato del narrador”, incluye el estudio de los siguientes anuncios de <i>Eneida</i>: 1.223-296 (Júpiter a Venus), 1.387-401 (Venus a Eneas), 5.719-778 (fantasma de Anquises a Eneas), 5.779-826 (Neptuno a Venus), 6.42-155 (Sibila de Cumas a Eneas), 6.752-892 (fantasma de Anquises a Eneas), 7.81-101 (Fauno a Latino), 8.15-85 (Tiberino a Eneas), 8.616-731 (escudo de Vulcano), 9.641-663 (Apolo a Ascanio) y 10.234-245 (Cimodocea a Eneas). Esta sección está dividida en tres capítulos: en el primero se estudian las profecías con destinatarios divinos; en el segundo, las que tienen destinatarios humanos; el tercer capítulo se ha reservado al análisis de la écfrasis del escudo. En la tercera parte, “Las profecías en el relato de Eneas”, se analizan los discursos referidos por el héroe en Cartago: 2.268-297 (fantasma de Héctor), 2.771-794 (fantasma de Creúsa), 3.84-120 (Apolo), 3.147-179 (Penates), 3.192-269 (Celeno) y 3.356-471 (Héleno). El empleo de una perspectiva semiótica ha permitido, en primer lugar, realizar un análisis de la totalidad de las profecías en <i>Eneida</i>, entendidas como elementos estructurales del texto. Se superan así las lecturas optimistas y pesimistas del poema, interesadas exclusivamente en las connotaciones políticas de los anuncios con referencias al futuro de Roma. En segundo lugar, la investigación ha demostrado que la comunicación constante entre los dioses y Eneas y la transmisión del futuro mediante las profecías se presentan como rasgos centrales en la definición de los enéadas como ancestros de los romanos. Participan, en consecuencia, de la configuración de la identidad romana en el período augusteo. / The aim of the thesis is to examine the prophecies in Vergil’s <i>Aeneid</i>, i. e., to analyse those speeches delivered by a divine character or a character endowed with divine knowledge (ghosts, priests) and addressed to another divine or human character, in order to communicate any future event belonging to the plot of <i>fatum</i>. Taking into account G. Manetti’s contributions (1987, 2010), a semiotic perspective has been adopted. It considers the transmission of prophecies, and ancient divination as a whole, as a particular way of communication and of production of meaning. The thesis consists of an introduction, three main parts and a final section in which the conclusions of the research are presented. The first part, entitled “El <i>fatum</i> en <i>Eneida</i>” (<i>Fatum</i> in <i>Aeneid</i>), examines the use of this term in different narrative levels throughout Vergil’s poem. A status of the issue is included. Considering Ovid’s interpretation in Book 15 of the <i>Metamorphoses</i>, an interpretation of <i>fatum</i> in the <i>Aeneid</i> is suggested. The second part, “Las profecías en el relato del narrador” (Prophecies in the narrator’s account), includes the examination of the following forewarnings: 1.223-296 (Jupiter to Venus), 1.387-401 (Venus to Aeneas), 5.719-778 (Anchises’ ghost to Aeneas), 5.779-826 (Neptune to Venus), 6.42-155 (Sibyl of Cumae to Aeneas), 6.752-892 (Anchises’ ghost to Aeneas), 7.81-101 (Faunus to Latinus), 8.15-85 (Tiberinus to Aeneas), 8.616-731 (Vulcan’s shield), 9.641-663 (Apollo to Ascanius) and 10.234-245 (Cymodocea to Aeneas). This section is divided into three chapters: in the first one prophecies with divine addressees are examined; in the second one, those having human addressees; the third chapter is devoted to the analysis of the ekphrasis on the shield. In the third part, “Las profecías en el relato de Eneas” (Prophecies in Aeneas’s account), speeches delivered by the hero at Carthage are considered: 2.268-297 (Hector’s ghost), 2.771-794 (Creusa’s ghost), 3.84-120 (Apollo), 3.147-179 (Penates), 3.192-269 (Caeleno) y 3.356-471 (Helenus). The adoption of a semiotic viewpoint has enabled, in the first place, an analysis of all prophecies in the <i>Aeneid</i>, considered as structural components of the text. Optimistic and pessimistic readings of the poem, interested exclusively in the political connotations of prophecies referring to the future of Rome, are thus surpassed. Secondly, the research has shown that constant communication between gods and Aeneas and the transmission of future by means of prophecies are presented as central characteristics in the definition of Aeneadae as ancestors of the Romans. They therefore participate in the configuration of Roman identity in Augustan times.

This thesis examines the citation of Ps 68(67).19 in Eph 4.8. Following an introduction that introduces the problem of the altered wording in the citation in Eph 4.8, chapter 2 comprises a History of Research that is organised around the possible sources for the author’s citation in Eph 4.8. One of several conclusions made is that the proclivity of NT scholars to attribute the source text to particular Jewish traditions has contributed to overlooking the import of Ps 68(67).19 within a normal pattern of christological reading of the Psalms in early Christianity. Following these opening chapters, the thesis is divided broadly into Part One and Part Two. The first is deconstructive in nature; the second is constructive. Part One examines textual traditions of Ps 68(67).19 within Justin Martyr, the Peshitta Psalter, and Targum Psalms. Each of these sources share the reading ‘give’ rather than ‘receive’, raising the question of the relationship between these traditions and Eph 4.8. Chapter 3 examines Justin’s Dialogue with Trypho, which contains two citations of Ps 68(67).19 that strongly resemble Ephesians. Nevertheless, as nearly all interpreters acknowledge, Justin never refers directly to ‘Paul’ or ‘Pauline’ letters in any of his writings. Is the parallel wording of Justin’s citations evidence for an early Christian tradition that was also available to Ephesians? I argue that although unmentioned by name, a reasonable case can be made that Justin is familiar with the Pauline corpus, including Eph 4.8. Chapter 4 considers the evidence of Peshitta Psalms, which agrees with the reading of Eph 4.8 in a strand of its copyist tradition. After examining scholarly construals of the Peshitta MS tradition, I consider direct evidence for the influence of Eph 4.8 upon some Peshitta MSS as intimated by Theodore of Mopsuestia. Chapter 5 examines Targum Psalms, focusing on translation techniques and the targumist’s tendency to add, alter, or modify his source in various ways. I argue that when the targumist’s techniques and tendencies are taken into consideration, the targum’s reading ‘give’ is better understood as a typical targumic insertion. The proclivity of many scholars to link Targum Psalms to Eph 4.8 is a classic example of ‘parallelomania’. Part Two turns to make a constructive case for the citation found in Eph 4.8. Chapter 6 is a close examination of the author of Ephesians’ approach to literary borrowing. I consider both his citations from the Jewish scriptures and his use of Colossians as evidence. Chapter 7 examines how early Christians read the biblical Psalms as prophecies. Following a survey of Jewish readings of the Psalms, this chapter surveys how early Christians read the Psalms in light of the death and resurrection- exaltation of Christ. Drawing insights from this, chapter 8 turns to consider the phrases ‘he ascended . . . he gave gifts’ in Eph 4.8. I argue that an ambiguity of the addressee in the text of Ps 68(67).19 allowed for the application of this text to Christ. Moreover, the ‘ascent’ language could easily be applied to the resurrection- exaltation and this association naturally led to the language of gift-giving in Eph 4.8. Chapter 9 considers how the citation of Ps 68(67).19 fits into the context of Ephesians 4, focusing on several important factors such as the language of descent in Eph 4.9–10. Part One and Part Two are followed by a short conclusion that summarises the thesis and draws out several conclusions and implications based upon this study.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-12-11T11:19:17Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Samuel Nunes dos Santos - 2017.pdf: 2439093 bytes, checksum: 8d77ca7c2525e1863c09b8cb7f9bb36e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-12-11T11:20:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Samuel Nunes dos Santos - 2017.pdf: 2439093 bytes, checksum: 8d77ca7c2525e1863c09b8cb7f9bb36e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-11T11:20:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Samuel Nunes dos Santos - 2017.pdf: 2439093 bytes, checksum: 8d77ca7c2525e1863c09b8cb7f9bb36e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-06 / Justin Martyr, in his First Apology, disputes the way Christians were being judged before the Roman magistrates. Because he does not agree with this, he exposes his arguments in favor of Christians. In order to strengthen his argument, Justin brings us past and contemporary events and relies on his eschatological hopes. The use of temporalities in his arguments led us to ask how he understood his present time. Based on the historical time of definition proposed by Reinhart Koselleck, we set out to analyze the First Apology to understand Justin's look towards his own time. We look after, in this way, to try to understand what factors underlie his tension, which would explain its vision of the world. In the search for a better understanding of these factors, we propose three steps: To broaden the knowledge about our source through the study of its form and content to analyze the most present intertextuality in his work (his conception of prophet and prophecy from Judeo-Christian literature) and, finally, the way he dealt with past, present, and future temporalities. / Justino Mártir, em sua I Apologia, contesta a forma como os cristãos eram julgados diante dos magistrados romanos. Sentindo que estes estavam sendo injustiçados, ele expõe seus argumentos a favor dos cristãos. A fim de corroborar seus argumentos, Justino traz-nos eventos passados e contemporâneos e se apoia em suas esperanças escatológicas. Essa construção textual de Justino nos levou a perguntar sobre como ele compreendia o seu próprio tempo. Para tanto, utilizamos a definição de tempo histórico proposta por Reinhart Koselleck que defende que o tempo histórico é a “tensão entre o espaço de experiência e o horizonte de expectativa” (KOSELLECK, 2006, p. 313). Tratamos, desta forma, de buscar entender que fatores subjaziam sua tensão, que explicariam sua visão de mundo. Para melhor entender tais fatores, nos propomos, a seguir três passos: conhecer melhor nossa fonte ampliando os nossos conhecimentos sobre sua forma e conteúdo, analisar a intertextualidade mais presente em sua obra (sua concepção de profeta e profecia a partir da literatura judaico-cristã) e, por fim, a forma como ele lidava com as temporalidades passado, presente e futuro.

In September of 1894, John Hyrum Koyle, Jr., said that he was shown in a dream or vision a large, rich deposit of gold and an underground storehouse of artifacts hidden by people of Ancient America. This dream was the beginning of a mining venture which has never produced anything of value, has been opposed vigorously by both officials of the LDS Church and the State, yet has claimed supporters numbered in the thousands.The mine has profoundly affected (and continues to affect) the lives of many families who have come into the sphere of its influence. The lore of the mine, whether true or false, has been the main instrument in spreading this influence. This folklore has played an active part in three clearly demonstrable ways: the spreading of the Dream Mine sub-culture; the shaping of the attitudes toward the mine and its founder; and the development of stability in both the Mormon culture and the mine sub-culture.This study of mining folklore reveals that the Koyle Dream Mine has much in common with other "dream mines" in both the Mormon culture and in other cultures. Many mining ventures began through supernatural means, but relatively few of them have been successful. Lack of production has brought the demise of many such movements, though some, like Koyle's Dream Mine, remain viable in spite of the absence of paying ore.

Prophetie und Evangelisation sind zentrale Themen der Bibel und wichtige Instrumente Gottes. Bib'lische Berichte zeigen, dass Mission und Evangelisation oft erst durch ein prophetisches Wort miiglich wurde. Das erste Kapitel widmet sich diesen Themen. Es ist das Anliegen dieser Studie, die in den Jahren 1980-2000 iiber Berlin ausgesprochenen Prophetien zu analysieren. Die Prophetien werden mit biblischen Aussagen verglichen, gegeneinander ins Verhliltnis gesetzt und auf ihre missionstheologische Relevanz hin untersucht. Eine Befragung einiger Berliner Leiter charismatisch-geprligter Gemeinden liefert den praktischen Anteil dieser Studie. Die theoretischen Grundlagen werden im zweiten und die Ergebnisse im dritten Kapitel behandelt. Es ist zu betonen, <lass sich die untersuchten Prophetien jeglicher objektiver Beurteilung entziehen. Aile Angaben sind zeitlich nicht gebunden und sehr allgemein gehalten. Allen gemeinsam ist jedoch ein geistlicher Quantensprung, der von einer flachendeckenden AusgieBung des Geistes Gottes iiber Berlin handelt. Dieser Sachverhalt wird im vierten Kapitel dargestellt und diskutiert. / Prophecy and evangelisation are central topics of the Bible and instruments of God. Biblical reports show, that mission and evangelisation were mostly possible by a prophetic word (Chapter one). The concern of this study is to analyse the prophecies spoken out for Berlin between the years 1980 to 2000. The prophecies were compared with biblical statements, were proportionate to one another and were analysed regarding their mission-theological relevance. A questioning of few leaders of charismatic-embossed churches of Berlin gives the practical part of the study (the theoretical part see chapter two, the results see chapter three). It has to be articulated, that there is no objective judgement for the analysed prophecies. All indications are not bound by time and were given in general sense. All prophecies deal with a spiritual quantum leap, who speaks of an out-pouring of the Spirit of God over Berlin covering the whole area (Chapter four). / Text in German / Titles in German and English / Keywords in German and English / M. Th. (Missiology)