Thesis (M.A. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

The main purpose of the present study was to examine the leadership styles of Turkish middle-level managers and leadership prototypes of Turkish employees in terms of task-oriented and people-oriented behaviours. The secondary purpose was to investigate the effects of incongruence between actual and ideal manager perceptions on three important work outcomes: performance (task and contextual performance), job satisfaction, and organizational commitment (affective, continuance, and normative commitment). A total of 320 people working in a wide range of organizations (71 managers and 239 employees) filled out the questionnaire. Employees rated their actual managers&rsquo / leadership style and also their ideal manager&rsquo / s leadership style (i.e., leader prototype) in the same questionnaire, while the managers rated their own leadership style as well as their leadership style as perceived by their subordinates. Additionally, supervisory-rated performance and self-rated job satisfaction and organizational commitment levels of employees were obtained. Results indicated that self-reported leadership styles of Turkish managers were consisting of more people-oriented behaviours than task-oriented behaviours. On the contrary, employees perceived their managers as being more task-oriented than people-oriented. Ideal leadership style for the employees were comprised of higher levels of both task- and people-oriented behaviours than their actual managers. Incongruence between the actual and ideal manager perceptions of employees predicted job satisfaction levels of the employees only. The results are discussed together with the implications, strengths and limitations of the study. Some suggestions for future research are made.

The research presented in this study has been conducted in an effort to aid in the creation of a biomimetic shell that may be employed in full-scale field experiments to determine the efficacy of mitigation options to limit loggerhead mortality in boat strike incidents. The objectives of this research include the development of experimental testing procedures for the material characterization of the loggerhead carapace, and the design, fabrication, and evaluation of an artificial prototype carapace. A photographic database of wounded sea turtles in Georgia was evaluated in order to determine the primary sources of loggerhead collision injuries and the most common regions of the carapace damaged in boat strike incidents. Skeg impact was found to be the most common source of injury, with a frequency of 44%. In addition, 74% of the sea turtles reviewed sustained injuries to the center third of their carapace length, indicating this region as the most probable impact location. Material testing procedures were developed for evaluating the material properties of the loggerhead carapace. This was followed by the material testing of three loggerhead shells for the purpose of determining localized mechanical properties. Samples were harvested from the shells in a manner designed to identify potential variations in properties due the location and orientation of the coupons within the carapace. Each coupon was subjected to axial tension or three-point bending. Specialized tabs were designed for tension testing in order to accommodate the coupon's irregular geometry and minimize curvature-induced moments. The tensile test results indicated that the longitudinal and transverse properties of the loggerhead carapace were similar. The tensile strength, elongation at failure, and modulus of elasticity were determined to have percent variations of 12.2%, 10.7%, and 10.1% respectively. In contrast, the three-point bending test results indicated that the modulus of rupture and flexural modulus for the transverse samples were approximately four times greater than those of the longitudinal samples. This variation may be attributed to regions of weak tissue running transversely through the carapace. The results of the material testing were utilized in the design of two prototype composite shells. The prototypes were successful in simulating the strain at failure and force per unit width to within 10% of the loggerhead carapace. The resulting procedure may be used to create artificial shells suitable for prototype scale tests in natural environments. In addition, the material testing methods developed for this investigation may offer insight into procedures for evaluating alternate forms of rigid or curved biological specimens.

Thesis (M.S.)--St. Cloud State University, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 48-53).

O trabalho aqui apresentado descreve algumas pesquisas em teste de circuitos integrados. Estas pesquisas consistem, por um lado, na análise de falhas e por outro, na validação de protótipos, ambas fazendo uso de técnicas de teste com feixe de elétrons. A primeira parte deste trabalho apresenta uma revisão dos princípios do teste com feixe de elétrons, bem como descreve as pesquisas correntemente em desenvolvimento no laboratório TIM3-INPG. Também são abordados temas como o tratamento de imagem em contraste de potencial e projeto visando a testabilidade de circuitos no teste com feixe de elétrons. Quanto a este último assunto, sua inclusão neste trabalho visou apresentar, aqueles que trabalham na área de projetos de circuitos, desconhecedores dos problemas do MEV, idéias de como realizar seu projeto a fim de tornar a tarefa de depuração do protótipo pelo feixe de elétrons o mais fácil possível. A segunda parte descreve experimentos práticos na área de validação de protótipos, onde duas técnicas pertinentes foram utilizadas e o estudo de um caso real foi apresentado. A primeira técnica é baseada na adaptação de uma ferramenta de comparação de múltiplas imagens adjacentes, que foi originalmente desenvolvida para o processo de análise de falhas. A segunda técnica utilizada faz uso de um sistema especialista que, baseado no conhecimento adquirido do circuito, gera o diagnóstico automático de falha. Os desempenhos destas duas ferramentas são apresentados e discutidos, bem como é fornecido o diagnóstico de falha para o circuito protótipo utilizado. Como conclusão, são propostos futuros desenvolvimentos no processo de validação de protótipo. Estes melhoramentos objetivam tanto a completa automação do processo quanto o enriquecimento da informação provida no final do processo de diagnóstico de falha, de forma a obter-se um ambiente de teste para validação de protótipos apresentando um alto grau de integração e automação. / The work reported herein describes some IC testing research. This research concerns on one hand, failure analysis and on the other hand IC prototype validation, both making use of e-beam testing techniques. The first part of this work presents a review of e-beam testing as well as describes the researches currently in progress at the TIM3-INPG Laboratory. Subjects like voltage contrast image treatment and design for testability in e-beam testing are also discussed. Considering the last theme, it was included in this work in order to provide to the IC designers, whose knowledge about the SEM problems is not enough, some ideas on the way of how to accomplish their design to make the prototype validation process as easy as possible. The second part describes practical experiments in the prototype validation domain, where two approaches were used and a real case study was presented. The first approach is based on the multiple adjacent images comparison process adaptation, firstly developed to be used in the failure analysis process. The second technique makes use of an expert system, based on the acquired knowledge of the device under test in order to provide the fault diagnosis. The performances of these two approaches are presented and discussed, as well as, the fault diagnosis to the prototype circuit is presented. As conclusion, it is proposed further developments in the prototype validation approach. These improvements deal with the automation of the entire process as well as the enhancement of the information provided at the end of the fault diagnosis process, in order to obtain a testing environment for prototype validation with high integration and automation degrees.

Augmented Reality (AR) is a fast-emerging technology and it has been applied in many fields e.g. education, health, entertainment, gaming and tracking systems in logistics. AR technology combines the virtual world with the reality by superimposing digital information onto the physical world. This study evaluates the usability of the AR in industrial environment focusing on effectiveness, efficiency, and user acceptance in comparison to other instructional medium e.g. paper-based instructions or manuals. An AR prototype was developed to be used in the usability evaluation. To evaluate the AR application in the field of industry an experiment was conducted. To get the user experience and acceptance questionnaires and interviews were used involving real assembly workers where they used the AR prototype. The results of the study show that when using AR as assistance in the assembly assurance process, the number of faults and task completion time were reduced significantly compared to the traditional methods. Also, the users had a positive attitude and a high level of satisfaction when using AR.

L'objectif de cette thèse est de développer un matériau cimentaire monolithe ayant une forte teneur en ettringite, capable de stocker et de déstocker de la chaleur, respectivement, par déshydratation endothermique et réhydratation exothermique. Une étude numérique et expérimentale du stockage de chaleur dans un réacteur thermochimique (prototype) contenant le matériau développé est aussi réalisée dans le cadre de cette étude. Pour atteindre ces objectifs, l'hydratation de différents liants ettringitiques a été suivie par DRX, ATG et MEB. Une simulation thermodynamique de l'hydratation a aussi été effectuée au moyen du logiciel GEMS (Gibbs Energy Minimization Sofware) afin d'optimiser la formulation du matériau. Le réseau poreux du matériau résultant a ensuite été amélioré par moussage chimique. Nous avons aussi étudié la durabilité et la stabilité du matériau ettringitique synthétisé (carbonatation, stabilité à la température, réversibilité du processus de stockage/déstockage sur plusieurs cycles). Pour prédire le comportement du système de stockage, un modèle bidimensionnel, prenant en compte les spécificités du matériau cimentaire, a été utilisé. Le bilan énergétique et massique dans le matériau poreux génère un système d'équations différentielles non-linéaires et couplées. La résolution numérique du système, effectuée en utilisant MatLab (r), est effectuée par discrétisation spatiale en utilisant la méthode des différences finies, et par intégration temporelle des variables d'état (température et pression de vapeur d'eau). La simulation du modèle, basée sur les propriétés mesurées du matériau en laboratoire, est ensuite utilisée comme outil de conception pour réaliser un premier prototype de réacteur thermochimique au laboratoire. Suite à ces essais, un prototype amélioré est ensuite élaboré et testé. Le résultat des essais de stockage et de déstockage de chaleur avec ces deux prototypes ont servi de validation du modèle numérique d'une part, et de preuve de concept du principe de stockage d'autre part. / The objective of this study is to develop an ettringite-based material with high energy storage density in low temperature conditions, allowing to charge and discharge heat by endothermic dehydration and exothermic rehydration, respectively; then to perform the numerical and experimental study of heat storage in a thermochemical reactor containing the produced material (prototype). To achieve these goals, the hydration of ettringite binders was followed by XRD, TGA and SEM. The thermodynamic simulation of the hydration was also performed using GEMS (Gibbs Energy Minimization Sofware). The porous network of the resulting material was improved by chemical foaming. Furthermore, the carbonation, thermal stability and reversibility tests were performed on the produced material. Physicochemical stability of the material over time was followed by XRD, TGA, SEM and IR. To predict the behavior of the storage system, a bidimensional model, taking account the specificities of the cementitious material, was developed. The heat and mass balance in the thermochemical reactor generates a system of non-linear and coupled differential equations. The numerical resolution was first made by spatial discretization using the finite difference method, then by temporal integration of variables (temperature and water vapor pressure) on MatLab (r). The model simulation, with material properties, was used as concept design to build the thermochemical reactor prototype in the laboratory (cylindrical adsorber). The result of heat storage tests with the prototype was used as proof of concept of the principle on the one hand, and a way to validate the numerical model.

O trabalho aqui apresentado descreve algumas pesquisas em teste de circuitos integrados. Estas pesquisas consistem, por um lado, na análise de falhas e por outro, na validação de protótipos, ambas fazendo uso de técnicas de teste com feixe de elétrons. A primeira parte deste trabalho apresenta uma revisão dos princípios do teste com feixe de elétrons, bem como descreve as pesquisas correntemente em desenvolvimento no laboratório TIM3-INPG. Também são abordados temas como o tratamento de imagem em contraste de potencial e projeto visando a testabilidade de circuitos no teste com feixe de elétrons. Quanto a este último assunto, sua inclusão neste trabalho visou apresentar, aqueles que trabalham na área de projetos de circuitos, desconhecedores dos problemas do MEV, idéias de como realizar seu projeto a fim de tornar a tarefa de depuração do protótipo pelo feixe de elétrons o mais fácil possível. A segunda parte descreve experimentos práticos na área de validação de protótipos, onde duas técnicas pertinentes foram utilizadas e o estudo de um caso real foi apresentado. A primeira técnica é baseada na adaptação de uma ferramenta de comparação de múltiplas imagens adjacentes, que foi originalmente desenvolvida para o processo de análise de falhas. A segunda técnica utilizada faz uso de um sistema especialista que, baseado no conhecimento adquirido do circuito, gera o diagnóstico automático de falha. Os desempenhos destas duas ferramentas são apresentados e discutidos, bem como é fornecido o diagnóstico de falha para o circuito protótipo utilizado. Como conclusão, são propostos futuros desenvolvimentos no processo de validação de protótipo. Estes melhoramentos objetivam tanto a completa automação do processo quanto o enriquecimento da informação provida no final do processo de diagnóstico de falha, de forma a obter-se um ambiente de teste para validação de protótipos apresentando um alto grau de integração e automação. / The work reported herein describes some IC testing research. This research concerns on one hand, failure analysis and on the other hand IC prototype validation, both making use of e-beam testing techniques. The first part of this work presents a review of e-beam testing as well as describes the researches currently in progress at the TIM3-INPG Laboratory. Subjects like voltage contrast image treatment and design for testability in e-beam testing are also discussed. Considering the last theme, it was included in this work in order to provide to the IC designers, whose knowledge about the SEM problems is not enough, some ideas on the way of how to accomplish their design to make the prototype validation process as easy as possible. The second part describes practical experiments in the prototype validation domain, where two approaches were used and a real case study was presented. The first approach is based on the multiple adjacent images comparison process adaptation, firstly developed to be used in the failure analysis process. The second technique makes use of an expert system, based on the acquired knowledge of the device under test in order to provide the fault diagnosis. The performances of these two approaches are presented and discussed, as well as, the fault diagnosis to the prototype circuit is presented. As conclusion, it is proposed further developments in the prototype validation approach. These improvements deal with the automation of the entire process as well as the enhancement of the information provided at the end of the fault diagnosis process, in order to obtain a testing environment for prototype validation with high integration and automation degrees.

Esta dissertação tem por objetivo tratar do problema de encaixe de moldes da indústria do vestuário. O problema consiste no encaixe bidimensional de itens pequenos (moldes), que possuem formas irregulares, dentro de um material que será cortado, que possui forma retangular com largura fixa e comprimento variável. O principal objetivo do encaixe é minimizar o desperdício do material que será cortado, neste caso, o tecido. Para tratar o problema do encaixe bidimensional de moldes propõe-se, a partir do desenvolvimento de uma técnica de encaixe, um protótipo funcional.A concepção da técnica foi realizada com as informações obtidas nas etapas de coleta de dados: dados indiretos (Fundamentação Teórica) e dados diretos (Observações Diretas e Entrevistas com especialistas no encaixe manual). Os dados obtidos nessas etapas e, principalmente, a triangulação dos mesmos, permitiram o desenvolvimento da técnica de encaixe de moldes, que consiste em três partes: representação gráfica do tecido e dos moldes, critérios de ordenamento e construção do layout. A técnica proposta está implementada no protótipo funcional Riscare através da linguagem Delphi. Para construir a interface do Riscare, realiza-se uma avaliação da usabilidade de um software comercial com a mesma função. Os conceitos avaliados auxiliaram no desenvolvimento da interface do Riscare. A criação do protótipo funcional possibilitou a comparação da técnica proposta para o encaixe de moldes com encaixes realizados manualmente, com um software comercial e com problemas considerados benchmarks da literatura. Na maioria dos testes comparativos realizados, o Riscare obteve resultados com rendimentos superiores. Os resultados alcançados mostram a qualidade da técnica proposta e, consequentemente, do protótipo funcional desenvolvido. / The objective of this work is to deal with pattern fitting problem in garment industry. The problem is two-dimensional fitting of small items (patterns) that have irregular shapes, within a material to be cut, which has a rectangular shape with fixed width and variable length. The main purpose of fitting is to minimize the material waste, in this case the fabric to be cut. To address the problem of two-dimensional pattern fitting, a functional prototype is proposed based on the fitting technique developed. The design technique is done with the information obtained in data collection: indirect data (theoretical basis) and direct data (observations and interviews with experts in manual fitting). Data obtained in data collection and its triangulation enabled the development of the pattern fitting technique, which consists of three parts: the graphical representation of the fabric and the pattern, the ranking criteria and layout construction. The proposed technique is implemented in Riscare functional prototype, developed using Delphi programming. An usability evaluation of a similar commercial software is performed to build the Riscare interface. The criteria evaluated helped the development of Riscare interface. The development of a functional prototype allows the comparison of the proposed technique for pattern fitting with fitting performed manually, with a commercial software and literature benchmark problems. In most comparative tests, the Riscare obtains results with higher yields. The results show the quality of the proposed technique and the functional prototype developed.

Submitted by GISELY ANDRESSA PIRES null (giselypires@utfpr.edu.br) on 2016-01-13T22:13:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 O CAD 3D aplicado na validação de protótipos na indústria do vestuário.pdf: 6699414 bytes, checksum: 3c9da5e2f41b1e2eebc435df7af8384f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-01-14T15:14:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 pires_ga_me_bauru_int.pdf: 6699414 bytes, checksum: 3c9da5e2f41b1e2eebc435df7af8384f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-14T15:14:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pires_ga_me_bauru_int.pdf: 6699414 bytes, checksum: 3c9da5e2f41b1e2eebc435df7af8384f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-18 / Não recebi financiamento / A presente pesquisa discute sobre a prática do desenvolvimento de protótipos na indústria do vestuário. O protótipo refere-se à construção de um modelo que está em processo de teste para ser comercializado. Atualmente a forma mais difundida é a construção efetiva das peças, no entanto existe no mercado softwares que realizam essa atividade virtualmente. Assim, esse estudo tem por objetivo verificar a similaridade visual entre os protótipos virtuais e os produzidos no processo tradicional, tendo em vista caimento, forma e volume, para validação de novos projetos na indústria do vestuário. Para tanto, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa exploratória, e como forma de abordagem do problema foram realizados quatro experimentos que compreendem a construção de protótipos pela técnica virtual e a manual. / This research discusses the practice of prototyping in the apparel industry. The prototype relates to the construction of a model which is in testing process to be marketed. Currently the most widespread form is the actual construction of the pieces, However there is software on the market that perform this activity virtually. Thus, this study aims to verify the visual similarity between the virtual prototypes and those produced in the traditional process, in order to trim, shape and volume for validation of new projects in the clothing industry. To this end, an exploratory research was conducted, and as a way of addressing the problem were conducted four experiments which include the construction of prototypes for virtual and technical manual.