O presente estudo faz uma análise sobre os discursos veiculados pela mídia impressa em torno do consumo de substâncias psicoativas no âmbito das tendências culturais instituídas na modernidade e na sociedade brasileira. Reúne 110 reportagens que tratam sobre diferentes produtos e medicamentos, personalidades e questões éticas, para desenvolver uma leitura focalizada à luz das ciências da linguagem, principalmente da teoria psicanalítica. O trabalho é apresentado em três partes que organizam o corpo teórico e sustentam a hipótese da investigação. A primeira parte discorre sobre a farmacotimia social, conceito que aglutina a dissertação, verificando os lugares em que se encontra o consumo de substâncias na cultura. Introduz o discurso medicinal como parâmetro disciplinar e consensual em relação à vida saudável e às virtudes morais. Essa parte também desenvolve uma reflexão sobre o estigma da droga, onde consumo e dependência aparecem enlaçados à disposição medicatriz. Na segunda parte, a dissertação situa a questão da temporalidade no universo do consumo e das culturas do corpo e da juventude emergentes nos últimos séculos. Comenta a dimensão do tempo dentro de uma lógica que aproxima o sujeito de que se trata a uma elasticidade do presente. Com isso introduz a noção da atemporalidade no inconsciente para justificar a peculiar disposição farmacotímica e efeitos significantes. A terceira e última parte consiste na leitura sobre a sistematização dos enunciados extraídos das reportagens, que constitui o corpus da pesquisa, e sua implicação quanto aos conteúdos teóricos desenvolvidos nas primeiras partes. A análise se sustenta nas marcas significantes e seus efeitos agrupados em tópicos de investigação, e circunscreve o sujeito farmacotímico como sintoma de mecanismos sociais, hipótese do estudo. / The present study makes an analysis about the information conveyed by the press concerning to the consumption of psychoactive substances in an environment of culturally established tendencies in Brazilian society. It aggregates 110 reports that discuss about different products and medicines, individual e ethical matters, to develop a focalized reading in the light of language sciences, especially psychoanalytic theory. The piece of work is shown in three parts, which organize theoretical points and give support to the hypothesis of the investigation. The first part discusses the social pharmacothymie, concept that concerns the dissertation, exploring locations where one can find a cultural consumption of substances. This introduces medical language as consensus and disciplinary paradigm in reference to healthy life and moral virtues. This part develops a reflection on the drug stigma, where consumption and dependence are related to a disposition to take medicine. In the second part, the dissertation states the matter of temporality in the universe of consumption and of youth and body cultures emerging in the last centuries. It comments on the time dimension inside a logical frame that brings the subject concerned to a present elasticity. From this point, the timeless notion in the unconscious justifies peculiar pharmacotymic disposition and significant effects. The third and last part consists in the reading over the excerpts from the reports, systematized in the corpus of the research, and their implications regarding the theoretical contents previously developed. The analysis focuses on the significant remarks and effects united in topics of investigation, circumscribing a pharmacotymic subject as the symptom of social mechanisms, the hypothesis of the study.

The result of this diploma thesis is based on the collected data, to evaluate the success of the detection of narcotic and psychotropic substances by a policeman, with subsequent measuring and professional expression. The thesis is divided into three parts. In the theoretical part, this is mainly an evaluation of existing information dealing with drug issues related to road accidents. In the analytical part, the thesis deals with real methods and equipment with OPL detection. The practical part contains data obtained from qualitative research, through interviews, which are compared and evaluated with a quantitative survey of the questionnaire survey, which can help to improve expert judgment and improve transport safety.

The purpose of the study was to explore the complex ways in which chemsex and internalised homophobia may be linked. The study sought to: Elucidate the concept of internalised homophobia; determine the challenges experienced by gay men and how psychoactive drugs influence their sexual relationships with other men; and also explore a possible relationship between chemsex and internalised homophobia. The study hopes to contribute to a better understanding of the challenges that are faced by gay people and the reasons why some gay men participate in chemsex. A total of eleven participants were identified from an LGBTIQ+ friendly drug rehabilitation centre and a gay bath house in Cape Town. A qualitative approach was used to conduct the study by conducting semi structured interviews with each participant. The theoretical framework used to elucidate the concept of internalised homophobia among the LGBTIQ+ community was underpinned by the minority stress model. This model was used to explain the concepts of homophobia and internalised homophobia. The methodological framework used was qualitative research, which focuses on the stories of individuals and is concerned with the social construction of the individual’s life, and specifically Thematic Analysis which assisted in identifying patterns or themes in people’s accounts. The findings were that even though there is a relationship between internalise homophobia and chemsex, there are many other factors and influences that play a role, such as the individuals' backgrounds, their experiences in coming out as gay, and other life circumstances. In conclusion, the study suggests that there is much more that can be done to break down the stigma and prejudice facing the LGBTIQ+ community, which is a first step towards addressing the chemsex phenomenon and related psychological consequences. / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology)

This thesis, New Psychoactive Substances in British Drug Policy Discourse addresses new psychoactive substances (NPS) in drug policy discourse in Great Britain between 2000-2014. It focuses on the identification of individual frames and aims to understand the different perspectives NPS can be framed in The theoretical framework of this thesis is based on the idea of social constructivism and Frame Theory. On this basis, the thesis identifies individual sponsors, the general characteristics of the problem, the injured party, the public policy implications and the value base. It identifies four frames which are present in the discourse. The first, called Fragmented, does not perceive NPS as a comprehensive problem, but as individually occurring substances. The second frame the Prohibitionist wishes to tackle the issue of NPS using new tools of prohibition. The third one, the Regulatory frame is strongly polarized towards the previous frame and wants to solve the NPS issue by creating a legally regulated market for psychoactive substances. The last, Wicked frame, perceives NPS as an unstructured problem, therefore it cannot be solved by one measure. This frame favors an expert debate and evidence in order to find the optimal solution. The thesis puts the issue into context and focuses on NPS...

Thesis (MPH.) -- University of Limpopo, 2021 / The purpose of this study was to determine and describe the lived experiences of youth residing in Elias Motsoaledi Municipality at Sekhukhune District about Nyaope. A qualitative research was applied using the Phenomenolgical research design to explore the lived experiences. The purposive sampling technique was used to select the participants at Rite Substance organization between the age of 18 and 35, and also the convenient sampling applied to select key informants. The study revealed that the youth Nyaope users experienced; the lived physical effects such as ;bodily weakness and strenght, bodily pains, drowsiness, loss of appetite and poor hygiene, the psychological effects such as mental relaxation, regret and worry, drug dependency and addiction, and the social effects such as family rejection, community stigmatization, relationship failure, engagement in crime, and economic and educational failure. As such, more funds, staff and resources are needed to assist in dealing with the Nyaope crisis.

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Psychoactive plants have played a significant role in Andean cultures for millennia. Whilst there is evidence of the importance of psychoactive plants in the Andean archaeological record, none of these are direct proof that these culturally significant plants were used by ancient Andean populations. This project utilised liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to investigate the use of psychoactive plants in individuals from cemetery sites in Chile and Peru by analysing hair specimens for a variety of psychoactive compounds. Hair specimens from 46 individuals buried at cemetery sites in the Azapa Valley (northern Chile) belonging to the Cabuza culture (c AD 300 ¿ 1000) indicated around half of these people ingested coca, as evidenced by the detection of BZE in hair specimens. Two individuals from this population tested positive for bufotenine, the main alkaloid in Anadenanthera snuff. There is a specific material culture associated with snuffing. These findings confirm Anadenanthera was consumed in the Azapa Valley. The 11 individuals from Peru came from the necropolis at Puruchuco-Huaquerones in the Rímac valley near Lima. These individuals belonged to the Ichma culture, but would have been under Inca imperial control during the Late Horizon. Although only a small sample, two-thirds tested positive for BZE, suggestive that access to coca was widespread. This project presents a synthesis of the archaeological evidence for the use of various psychoactive plants in Andes. Also presented is the first report of the detection of bufotenine in ancient hair samples and additional data contributing to the understanding of the use of coca in the Andes. / Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC). Andy Jagger and Francis Raymond Hudson funds at the University of Bradford

Цель исследования: разработка новых технологических подходов ресоциализации людей, имеющих опыт употребления ПАВ с использованием творческого потенциала личности. В первой главе представлена характеристика российской молодежи, имеющей опыт употребления ПАВ, сущность ресоциализации молодежи, имеющей опыт употребления ПАВ, основные этапы и особенности ресоциализации, анализ научных теорий, рассматривается отечественный опыт ресоциализации. Во второй главе представлены методы ресоциализации людей, имеющих опыт употребления ПАВ, которые могут быть реализованы в Свердловской области, на основании изучения объективных и субъективных показателей эффективности методов активизации творческого потенциала в процессе ресоциализации, предложены решения в адрес организаций, занимающихся ресоциализацией молодежи Свердловской области, имеющей опыт потребления ПАВ через технологию повышения уровня ресоциализации с использованием творческого потенциала личности. На основании исследования среди 86 человек из числа молодежи, имеющей опыт употребления ПАВ, представлен анализ творческих мероприятий, проанализировано внедрение 13 видов творчества, разработана программа ресоциализации. Структура магистерской диссертации «Технология повышения ресоциализации молодежи, имеющей опыт употребления психоактивных веществ с использованием творческого потенциала» соответствует заявленной цели и поставленным задачам и включает в себя: введение, две главы, заключение, список использованных источников и литературы, приложения. Объем работы составил 98 страниц. В работе содержатся 5 приложений, 10 таблиц. В библиографическом списке представлено 67 источников. / Purpose of the scientific research: to develop new technological approaches to the resocialization of people who have experience using psychoactive substances using the creative potential of the individual. The first chapter presents the characteristics of Russian youth who have experience using substances, the essence of resocialization of youth who have experience using substances, the main stages and features of resocialization, an analysis of scientific theories, and examines the domestic experience of resocialization. The second chapter presents methods of resocialization of people with experience in the use of surfactants, which can be implemented in the Sverdlovsk region, based on the study of objective and subjective indicators of the effectiveness of methods of activating creative potential in the process of resocialization, solutions are proposed to organizations engaged in the resocialization of young people in the Sverdlovsk region who have experience in the use of surfactants through technology to increase the level of resocialization using the creative potential of the individual. Based on a study among 86 young people with experience in the use of surfactants, an analysis of creative activities is presented, the introduction of 13 types of creativity is analyzed, and a program of re-socialization is developed. The structure of the master's thesis "Technology for increasing the resocialization of young people with experience in using psychoactive substances using creative potential" corresponds to the stated goal and objectives and includes: introduction, two chapters, conclusion, list of sources and literature used, appendices. The volume of work was 98 pages. The work contains 5 appendices and 10 tables. The bibliographic list contains 67 sources.

DUBOVÁ, T. Rehabilitation of family drug addicted parents. Key words: Abstinence - oriented treatment, Dependance syndrome, Dysfunctional family, Rehabilitation of family, Resocialization, Withdrawal syndrome This thesis addresses the issue of drug addiction and parenting. It focuses on society's view on drug addicted parents and briefly defines the concept of addiction. The core work is the rehabilitation of these families and its various forms. It describes the role of professional institutions that deal with protecting the interests of the child and work with drug addicted parents and contributes to the rehabilitation of the family. The work also includes specific aspects of women's drug addiction and the consequences of substance use during pregnancy on the child. At the end of the theoretical chapter is devoted to professional institutions and their programs to work with the family. The practical part of this thesis includes three case studies that describe families of drug addicted parents and the way their efforts to restore or maintain the family.

THE ABSTRACT It has been shown recently that workload, stress, and burnout syndrome among the staff of the medical rescue service may be major risk factors in terms of triggering the use of psychoactive substances. Representing what is understandably a delicate issue, substance use among emergency medical staff has not been thoroughly studied in our country. Emergency medical workers' difficult working conditions and the chronic stress they are exposed to, in combination with a lack of support and care on the part of their employers, result in exhaustion and general distress, accompanied by the development of symptoms associated with both physical and mental disorders. This condition may lead to the use of psychoactive substances as a negative coping strategy. Consisting of both theoretical background and case studies, the paper points out the relationship between the chronic effect of stressors pertaining to the job of emergency medical workers and the use of psychoactive substances as a way of coping with and compensating for the implications of work-related stress and fatigue. Thorough case studies are presented to demonstrate the onset and development of addictive behaviour within a wider context, with special emphasis being placed on its association with coping with both acute and chronic occupational...