Šiame magistro baigiamajame darbe aš nagrinėju vaikų įtakos tėvų pirkimo sprendimo priėmimo temą. Darbas susideda iš trijų dalių: teorijos analizės, tyrimo atlikimo ir projektinės dalies. Pirmoje dalyje aš pateikiu įvairių autorių tyrimus bei analizuoju ir lyginu jų nuomones apie vaikų įtaką tėvų pirkimo sprendimo priėmimui. Kadangi aprašoma tema yra dar gana nauja, informacijos nėra daug, o tyrimų rezultatai ir mokslininkų nuomonės dažnai išsiskiria. Antroje dalyje aš pristatau atliktą tyrimą ir gautus rezultatus, juos pateikdama lentelėse ir paveiksluose. Gautus duomenis analizuoju pasitelkdama SPSS programą bei pateikiu procentinį respondentų atsakymų pasiskirstymą. Trečioje darbo dalyje aš įvardiju, kodėl įmonei verta atlikti tyrimą, susijusį su vaikų įtaka tėvų pirkimo sprendimo priėmimui, kaip jį atlikti, bei įvardinu veiklas, kuriomis būtų galima atkreipti vaikų dėmesį į įmonę. Ištyrusi vaikų įtaką tėvų pirkimo sprendimo priėmimui, įmonė gali sėkmingai pasinaudoti surinkta informacija savo veiklos rezultatams gerinti, pozityviam įvaizdžiui kurti bei lojaliam klientui užsiauginti. / This diploma paper consists of three mane parts. In part one I introduce children’s influence on their parent’s purchase as a subject of research. I compare different opinions of different researchers and various kinds of surveys. This information reveals the problems on the topic – lack of research and information, but also many opportunities for companies if they paid more attention to children’s influence on their parent’s purchases. In part two I present the survey that I did on children’s influence on their parent’s purchases in Lithuania. Analyzing results of the survey I found out that tendencies in Lithuania are very much alike with those in other countries (United States of America, Great Britain, China). Finally, in part three I point out some ways how companies, after surveying children’s influence on their parent’s purchases, could improve their business. Not only I give the suggestions, but I also submit the budget ant the schedule of the tasks that have to be done.

The thesis focuses on the buying behavior of consumers at the dermocosmetics market in the Czech Republic with a main focus on consumers of brands Vichy, Bioderma, La Roche-Posay, Avene and Eucerin. The work is divided into two main parts, theoretical and practical. The first part is devoted to general theoretical knowledge in the field of shopping behavior of consumers, the buying decision process and its various stages. It also builds on the theoretical foundation of marketing research, its nature and process. In the practical part there is dermocosmetics market in the Czech Republic mapped together with the introduction of the above mentioned dermocosmetic brands. After secondary research follows the main part, which is the primary consumer research conducted through interviews with consumer of dermocosmetics, which is then compared with primary research of pharmacy staff selling democosmetics. The findings of the research are then formulated into practical recommendations given to the Active Cosmetics Division at L'Oréal.

The subject of the thesis is to analyze the current state of company’s purchasing strategy, leading to identify areas for improvement of company’s purchase. The aim is to draft a new purchasing strategy while focusing on contracts. Based on the analysis, the thesis includes a proposal to expand the portfolio of products with a proper product, a proposal to deal with the specific customers’ requirements and a proposal of implementation of the strategy just-in-time. Proposals contribute to the effective management of purchasing.

Consumer purchase decisions is a vital process for online fashion retailers to customers. The Corona pandemic has resulted in more people purchasing through the internet and increase online shopping in Bangladesh than ever before. A limited number of studies provide insight into how consumers are influenced to buy fashion products from online specifically through Facebook. In this regard, it is very important for retailers to present their product and services to consumers in an appropriate way for their digital platform. In Bangladesh, consumers are moving towards online and e-commerce fashion as a new trend now than ever before. Therefore, the author found it interesting to research digital marketing influences in consumers purchase decisions. Existing studies about consumer purchase decisions of fashion product has provided a limited understanding of the phenomenon in terms of Bangladesh. However, overall process of making purchase decisions is studied insufficiently. There is insufficient conceptually reasoned during taking decision to buy a fashion product from Facebook. Consumers are facing challenges due to lack of scholarly investigation, practical advice, practice, strategy for making the right purchase decision in Bangladesh, Additionally, it is difficult to make the right choice and make ideal purchase for them through online and e-commerce experiences. The findings of this study will contribute to the understanding and increase knowledge of consumer purchase decisions from online shopping and furthermore, it is also interesting to see how fashion brands use online platforms like Facebook to promote their fashion brands. In addition, this study will provide a brief introduction to the digital marketing, Facebook advertisement targeting specific consumers and marketers. In general, this study will provide guidelines for those who seek to understand, evaluate, and investigate the digital marketing and the factors that influences purchase decisions. At the same time, this study will deliver guidelines for fashion brand managers on Facebook advertisement process and give them a sense of direction on advertisement content selection and the areas that need more focus while using digital marketing on Facebook. To fulfill the purpose of this study, a qualitative method (inductive approach) was chosen to collect and analyze the relevant data. Data collection has been carried out through telephone interviews with five individual experts in fashion product sourcing, production, marketing, quality, logistics and merchandising in Bangladesh. To move with this research, the author will have to code and systemize the raw data and using the codes has made a theme that are relevant and connected with theoretical framework in this study. The findings were interpret using simple terms and general conclusions were drawn. Product quality, communication, review, recommendation, product aesthetics and price are the key influencer to take fashion product purchase decisions. Beside this, an organized Facebook page, Facebook live show, advertisement content also affects purchase decisions. Sometimes, brand value can influence in purchase fashion product.

This study was designed to help those persons developing and delivering consumer education curriculum understand the needs of Middlesex, Virginia High School Students. The instrument used was a consumer knowledge survey developed by a partnership between the Consumer Federation of American and American Express. The 52 item questionnaire was designed to measure knowledge in six key areas of consumption-consumer credit, checking/savings accounts, automobile insurance, housing rental, food purchase, and automobile purchase. The respondents were students attending Middlesex High School from the four grade levels with completed Informed Consent forms. There were 55 respondents from a total pool of 375 (freshmen, 44%; sophomores, 27%; juniors, 13%; and seniors, 16%). Descriptive statistics were used for demographic items. Non-statistical comparisons were made between grade levels, descriptive demographic characteristics, and consumer categories. Comparisons were also made between the data collected and the data of the national consumer knowledge survey by the Consumer Federation of America and American Express Company. The results indicate that Middlesex High School students were not well prepared for the world of consumption. Overall, the students who responded had limited understanding of consumer knowledge in the six specific areas. The average score was 39%. Students had the poorest understanding of consumer credit, auto insurance, and food purchases. Scores for these category areas averaged less than 40%. The students scored highest on housing rental (45%) and checking/savings accounts (44%). The seniors scored the highest overall score (48%), which was higher than the national average of high school seniors (42%). / Master of Science

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact that personalization as a phenomenon has on consumer purchase intention. Therefore, examining personalization as a phenomenon was performed through three different variables on which personalization has a significant influence. These variables are previous purchase experience, privacy concerns, and attitudes towards personalization.  Method: The primary data collection was developed through a quantitative research approach. Moreover, the survey was used as an instrument to collect the  data from individuals that have made online purchases at least one time in  the past 12 months.  Conclusion: To conclude, our findings show that previous purchase experience  and attitudes towards personalization positively impact consumer purchase intention. On the other hand, our findings show that privacy concerns have no significant correlations with consumer purchase intention and attitudes towards personalization, which means that privacy concerns don't have any impact on purchase intention and attitudes towards personalization.

In the past 15 years Sweden has seen a tremendous increase in the number of Thai massage parlors distributed across the country. With an estimated 80 % of the parlors providing sex trade with low risks of legal penalties the expansion highlights a growing social issue. The implementation of the Sex Purchase Act in 1999 made Sweden pioneers within the regulation of sex trade, legally altering consumers of sex purchases to perpetrators and suppliers to victims. The evident issue of sex trade in the current expanding number of parlors heighten the relevance of an ongoing debate regarding the effectiveness and unintended repercussions of the regulatory framework. Contributing to the debate, literature in recent years have shed light on a substitution effect between sex trade and other sex crimes (i.e. rape). No study has yet to investigate the parlors casual contribution to the ongoing illegal sex trade and its effects on other sex crimes. This paper aims to estimate the expanding number of Thai massage parlors’ impact on reported rates of sex purchases and other sex crimes. By the use of a difference-in-difference event study, with a rollout design, the paper reveals a statistically significant increase in rates of sex purchases the years following the implementation of a Thai massage parlor. Investigating the impact of the parlors’ establishment, on a number of sex crimes, a statistically significant decrease in the rates of rape is found. The results indicate that the services offered in the parlors provide the perpetrators with the same utility as that of rape.

Due to the current time requirements the side arrangements are an important part of the contractual relations. During the negotiation a substantial attention of the contracting parties is needed, because the legal form of the side agreements is very short and ambiguous, with possibility of extensive deviation from the letter of law. After the legal research we can say that this theme is a very diverse, which is difficult to grasp by the legislature in its whole entirety, because the principle of a liberty of a contract always relativizes any conclusion provided by the theory and practice. The issue of the side arrangements is very scattered in the legal system of the Czech Republic and this thesis had for one's object to analyse the most important side agreements which are negotiated with the purchase or other agreement. In terms of the target of this work the legal form of side arrangements under the Civil Code and Commercial Code was analysed. The thesis also deals with the limitation of side arrangements and opportunity to negotiate other arrangements which aren't directly regulated by the Civil Code or Commercial Code. By reason that the work focuses on the side arrangements regulated by the Civil Code, it was necessary to take this fact into account. That's why each of side arrangement, which...

Habitants tout comme la distribution du pays. L’enfant qui occupe une place importante dans la société vietnamienne est bien entendu associé à ce changement. Les enfants sont par exemple nombreux dans les nouveaux supermarchés vietnamiens,ou dans les centres commerciaux nouvellement crées. Notre recherche est née de cette interrogation : Les enfants peuvent-ils être des alliés pour la grande distribution qui se développe au Vietnam ?La revue de littérature nous amène à étudier l’enfant consommateur avec les spécificités par rapport à l’adulte. De plus, comme l’enfant consommateur est dépendant de ses parents qui décident l’achat familial dans la plupart des cas, nous étudions l’enfant dans l’achat familial avec le rôle des parents dans le processus de socialisation du consommateur de l’enfant.Cette revue de littérature a été ensuite combinée avec une enquête qualitative de 20 entretiens avec les parents et 20 entretiens avec les enfants élèves scolaires à Hanoi pour la vérification sur la coïncidence entre les concepts et les pratiquesde consommation dans le contexte occidental et ceux dans le contexte du Vietnam. De plus, cette enquête a pour but de générer les items susceptibles d’enrichir les échelles occidentales. Le résultat de cette enquête nous a amené à présenterdeux modèles distinctifs, l’un lié aux parents, l’autre lié aux enfants au Vietnam.Après les prétests avec les démarches positivistes, nous arrivons à vérifier la fiabilité des variables de nos modèles tout en respectant le paradigme de Churchill (1977). Ensuite, nous avons pu lancer notre enquête finale dans les 3 écoles primaires de Hanoï.1181 enfants élèves des classes en 4e et en 5e, ainsi que 921 parents de ces élèves ont participé à répondre à nosquestionnaires. Le résultat de cette enquête nous donne des conclusions sur l’existence de la participation de l’enfant à l’achat familial au Vietnam, la préférence de l’enfant à l’achat dans les types de commerce moderne. Cette participation est liée à la communication au sein de la famille dont ce qui compte, c’est la fréquence de communication plus que sa nature (l’orientation)de cette communication. De plus, les familles vietnamiennes n’ont pas toutes les mêmes objectifs éducatifs tandis que les pratiques sont assez semblables selon les familles, mais les attentes varient, et la classe sociale semble jouer un rôle. / The current Vietnam saw a significant change in its economic system. This system influences the lifestyle of the inhabitants as the retailing of the country. The child as an important place in Vietnamese society is of course associated with this change. Children are for example in many new Vietnamese supermarkets, or in newly created shopping centers. Our research grew out of this question: Can children be allies for retailing that develops in Vietnam?The literature review leads us to study consumer-child with specifics compared to adults. Furthermore, as consumer-child is dependent on his parents who choose to family purchase in most cases, we study the child in the family purchase withparenting in consumer socialization of children’s process.This literature review was then combined with a qualitative survey of 20 interviews with parents and 20 interviews with children in primary schools in Hanoi for checking the coincidence between the concepts and practices of consumption in the Western context and those in the context of Vietnam. In addition, this survey aims to produce items that can enrich Western scales. Theresult of this investigation has led us to present two distinct models, one related to the parents, the other related to children in Vietnam.After pretesting with positivist approaches, we can verify the reliability of the variables in our models while respecting the paradigm of Churchill (1977). Then we were able to launch our final survey in three primary schools in Hanoi.1181 children's in 4th and 5th grades and 921 parents of these children participated in answering our questionnaire. The result of this survey give us conclusions on the existence of the child's participation in family purchase in Vietnam, the preference of the child to purchase in modern commerce. This participation is related to communication within the family that what matters isthe communication frequency than its nature (guidance) of that communication. In addition, Vietnamese families do not all have the same educational objectives while practices are quite similar among families, but expectations vary, and social class seems to play a role.

Title: Impact of covid 19 Pandemic situation on customers purchasing Behavior: Adoption of online services platforms. Level: Final assignment for Master degree in Business Administration (MBA) Authors: Sheratun Jannat and Sajjad Aslam Toor Supervisor: Dr. Olivia Kang Examiner: Professor Akmal Hyder Date: 2021- January  Aim: The study aims to find the factors that impact consumer purchasing behavior on the Covid-19 pandemic and adaptation of online services platform. Methodology: A qualitative study was applied with the semi-structured online interview conducted with nine respondents from Stockholm and Gävle of Sweden. The collected primary data were transcribed, compared, and thematically analyzed with the literature reviews.  Findings and Conclusion: We conclude that Covid-19 impacts consumer purchase behavior. Besides, consumers adopted online services to purchase different items as per their needs. We have also found that various factors impact consumer online purchase behavior. Furthermore, trustworthiness and transparency is the essential factor that has implications on consumer online purchase behavior.  Contributions of the Thesis: This study suggests that online purchase behavior during Covid-19 significantly impacts the consumer. Besides, consumers face various impacts on online purchase such as product, price and quality, personality and characteristics, psychological, cultural and social, and trustworthiness and transparency. It is recommended for the managers to determine the impacts and develop strategies to maintain online business effectively.  Suggestion for future research: We suggest future research on a similar topic using a larger sample size. We also recommend a comparative study with two or more countries on a similar case to determine the differences and results. Focusing on different issues or services with a larger audience might be done for future research. Keywords: Covid-19 pandemic, Consumer purchase behavior, Online purchase behavior, Adoption of online service platform, and Factors impacting online purchase behavior.