La presente investigación tiene como objetivo desarrollar una estrategia comercial para el aumento de compra de los clientes Metro del distrito de Miraflores. En el primer capítulo, además de presentar los objetivos y preguntas que marcan la pauta de esta investigación, se muestra el contexto actual de supermercado Metro mencionando las principales acciones por parte de sus competidores que hacen que haya una caída en ventas. The objective of this research is to develop a commercial strategy for increasing the purchase of Metro customers in the district of Miraflores. In the first chapter, in addition to presenting the objectives and questions that set the tone of this research, the current context of supermarket Metro is shown, mentioning the main actions by its competitors that cause a drop in sales.

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Previously, an organisation's attributes (corporate appeal, product and services, social responsibility, vision and leadership, workplace environment, and financial performance) were used as determinants of corporate reputation. In other words, corporate reputation was measured using a multidimensional single construct. However, there are arguments suggesting that, in order to obtain more accurate conclusions, an organisation's attributes need to be treated as antecedents whereby organisation's attributes are used to predict corporate reputation. Thus, this study is aimed at testing the impact of an organisation's attributes that is product, corporate personality and corporate responsibility on corporate reputation, and the mediating effect of corporate reputation in influencing stakeholders' purchase intention. Malaysia national car brands are used as a case reference for this study. Using a quantitative research approach, this study found that not all attributes contribute to positive reputation and intentions. The impact of each attribute varies across different stakeholder groups and across brands. Using a sample of 419 automobile customers and 300 Malaysia national car dealers, this study shows that only corporate personality has a positive and significant influence on corporate reputation and it is consistent across both groups and brands. Corporate responsibility, on the other hand, is found to have a positive influence on corporate reputation assessed by customers, but is not significant for dealers. The effect of customers' and dealers' satisfaction on the products is rather mixed. Results from this study provide empirical evidence that reputation should not be measured using a multidimensional single construct in order to draw a more accurate conclusion. This study also contributes to practice as it provides a distinct view for corporations to establish good rapport and to assist in developing effective strategies for the relevant groups of stakeholders. Recommendations are also discussed to provide focus for future research.

Background: Tobacco marketing has been established as the main motivator for tobacco use among youth. A proliferation of tobacco promotional activities in retail stores has been observed yet little is known about its impact on adolescent smoking behaviours. The purpose of this study is to use secondary data to describe the prevalence of retail tobacco point-of-purchase (PoP) activities, examine its associations with adolescent smoking behaviours, and determine what ecological factors moderate the relationship between PoP activities and student smoking behaviours in British Columbia. Methods: This cross-sectional study surveyed grade 10-11 students from 22 randomly-selected schools in BC on student smoking behaviour and conducted observations in 57 retail stores on tobacco PoP activities located within a 1 km radius of these schools. Descriptive analysis was conducted on retail tobacco PoP variables. Individual data on smoking behaviour and school level data on retailers were linked to analyse the association between retail tobacco PoP activities and student smoking behaviour using logistic regression. Moderating effects of contextual factors were also examined. GIS maps were generated to illustrate study findings. Result: A moderate to strong presence of tobacco PoP activities was observed in all tobacco retail stores located in BC school neighbourhoods. Nearly all stores displayed cigarette products in a visible manner (98.25%) and posted tobacco control signage (94.74%). In this model, proportion of stores in the school neighbourhood with presence of tobacco advertising increased the odds of a student being a smoker (OR = 1.28-3.27). Proportion of stores in the school neighbourhood with presence of tobacco control signage decreased the odds of a student being a smoker (OR = 0.11-0.66). The odds of a student being a smoker increased if they resided on the island compared to living in the lower mainland (OR = 1.11-1.75). Discussion: Convenience stores exhibited more tobacco PoP activities than other store types. Retailers in the school neighbourhood that had tobacco advertisements and tobacco control signage exhibited both detrimental and protective effects on student smoking. This provides supportive evidence to ban tobacco advertising in retail stores and increase efforts for creating an anti-tobacco environment in neighbourhood retail stores. Maps generated served descriptive and hypothesis generating purposes. / Medicine, Faculty of / Population and Public Health (SPPH), School of / Graduate

En la actualidad, en el Perú el sector retail ha crecido considerablemente desde el 2016 y se han ido posicionando por sus diferentes modelos y formatos innovadores que se adecuan a las diferentes exigencias del consumidor. En los últimos meses del 2019 entraron al sector las tiendas asiáticas o más conocidas por el público como los fast retail asiáticos, las cuales se caracterizaron por estar presentes en los principales centros comerciales de la capital, por su diseño de tienda y por ofrecer un amplio surtido de productos, dentro de este se ofrecían más de 10 categorías de productos como tecnología, comida, papelería, belleza, entre otros. Por ello, el surtido pueda significar una de las principales variables que influye al consumidor en la intención de compra, de esta manera, que los fast retail asiáticos se enfoquen en conocer cuáles son los factores que influyen en la compra y dependiendo de ello poder establecer acciones que persuadan e intervengan en la de los consumidores. El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación es determinar si el amplio y profundo surtido que presentan los fast retail asiáticos presentan relación con la intención de compra entre los jóvenes de 18 a 30 años de Lima Metropolitana. El público primario de la investigación está compuesto por hombres y mujeres de 18 a 30 años de Lima Metropolitana. El estudio presenta un enfoque mixto por ser un estudio cualitativo y cuantitativo en donde se realizó 211 encuetas En cuanto, al cualitativo se realizó focus group con el público primario y entrevistas a experto, el resultado en general del análisis fue que el surtido si significaba para ellos un factor importante y que caracteriza a los fast retail asiáticos, sin embargo, no es determinante ya que, lo que llamó la atención fue el estilo de la tienda y porque fueron nuevas en el mercado. Por otro lado, se realizó el análisis cuantitativo donde la metodología del estudio fue correlacional en la cual se utilizó el modelo de la regresión lineal múltiple; el resultado que se obtuve del trabajo de investigación es que la variable surtido no presenta relación con la intención de compra, por lo cual se recomienda analizar otras variables como los factores intrínsecos e extrínsecos de los consumidores, ya que al ser nuevas las tiendas probablemente la moda, la curiosidad o el conocer algo nuevo haya tenido relación con la intención de compra. / Actually Peru, the retail sector has grown considerably since 2016 and they have positioned themselves for their different models and innovative formats that meet the different demands of the consumer. In the last months of 2019, Asian stores or better known to the public as Asian fast retail, which were characterized by being present in the main shopping centers of the capital, for their store design and for offering a wide product assortment, within this more than 10 product categories were offered such as technology, food, stationery, beauty, among others. For this reason, the assortment may mean one of the main variables that influences the consumer in the purchase intention, in this way, that Asian fast retailers focus on knowing what are the factors that influence the purchase and, depending on it, be able to establish actions that persuade and intervene in that of consumers. The objective of this research work is to determine whether the wide and deep assortment presented by Asian fast retailers is related to the intention to buy among young people between 18 and 30 years of age in Metropolitan Lima. The primary audience for the research is made up of men and women from 18 to 30 years of age from Metropolitan Lima. The study presents a mixed approach because it is a qualitative and quantitative study in which 211 surveys were conducted. As for the qualitative focus group with the primary public and interviews with experts, the general result of the analysis was that the assortment did mean for They are an important factor that characterizes Asian fast retail, however, it is not decisive since what caught the attention was the style of the store and because they were new to the market. On the other hand, the quantitative analysis was performed where the study methodology was correlational in which the multiple linear regression model was used; The result obtained from the research work is that the assortment variable is not related to the purchase intention, so it is recommended to analyze other variables such as the intrinsic and extrinsic factors of the consumers, since the stores are probably the new one. fashion, curiosity or knowing something new has been related to the purchase intention. / Tesis

QQ China features interactive and connective online channels that generate social relational resources, encourage individual engagement, and facilitate embedded economic potential. The objectives of this research are to describe QQ users’ demographics and virtual behavior characteristics, to identify the underlying dimensions of relational social capital and virtual engagement, and to investigate the impacts of social capital and virtual engagement on purchase intention. Results from an analysis of data (n = 216) from China reveal the significant impacts of relational social capital and virtual engagement on purchase intention. First, functional purchase motivations, channel usage, and purchasing behaviors are captured to portray characteristics among QQ’s users. Second, trust, identification, and norm of reciprocity are primary antecedents to predict purchase intention in QQ. Third, three dimensions of relational social capital facilitate QQ users’ virtual engagements. Finally, information seeking and knowledge creation leads to product purchase intention.

This thesis study deals with the development of supplier relationship model, connection to the system concept of this relationship and the use of the fuzzy logic in the supplier evaluation. Thesis study focus on the evaluation of the supplier relationship from the quality point of view, further describes the role of the purchasing within the organization. Than is a description of the Lean concept in connection with the supply chain management. The practical part of the thesis study contains an analysis of a selected companies including supplier evaluation using a mathematical model – fuzzy logic. The conclusion and benefits are described in the final part of the thesis study .

Past research has indicated that the visual presence of credit card images and monetary primes has an impact on an individual's actions. Feinburg (1986) reported that the magnitude and probability of spending were increased in the presence of credit card stimuli, and Vohs et al.'s (2006) series of studies demonstrated that exposed to monetary images, individuals became more self-sufficient and less willing to help others. The present study examined influence of money primes on materialism, consumer purchase intentions, and consumer attitudes. Materialism, was measured by the Richins and Dawson (1992) Material Values Scale (MVS), and was treated as both an independent variable. Consumer purchase intentions and behaviors were assessed using Attitude Toward the Ad (Henthorne, Tony, LaTour, & Nataraajan, 1993), Willingness to Buy (Dodds, Monroe, & Grewal, 1991), Willingness to Pay (Fienburg, 1986), and Attitude Toward the Brand in the Ad (Gardner, 1985). In addition, participants completed the Credit Card Use Scale (Roberts & Jones, 2001), and the Conformity Motivation Scale (Kahle). A total of 172 participants, enrolled in both undergraduate and graduate courses at SIUC, completed a two-part internet survey for extra credit. Results indicated that materialism levels were not increased when exposed to money primes (credit card and money symbols) when compared to the control group, rather the study found a significant decrease in materialism in the unhypothesized direction. In addition, the findings were unsupportive of the hypothesis that the inclusion of money primes (either credit card stimuli or monetary images) would increase an ii individual's purchase intentions and behaviors. Finally, an examination of the moderating effect of materialism produced non-significant findings, when comparing the influence of money primes between high and low materialism levels taken prior to the study's manipulations.

The purpose of this research is to examine whether accounting methods for business combinations (purchase and pooling-of-interests accounting) have a different effect on firms' market value of equity in the combination year and thereafter. In particular, after the accounting method is no longer disclosed in the financial statements, does it have an impact on market value of equity of the combined firms because the accounting figures are different? A five-year period subsequent to a particular business combination is used because public companies are not required to disclose the details of the combination for more than three years after the effective date of the combination. This research, thus, tests whether market participants still take into consideration the accounting method of past business combinations when this information is no longer disclosed in the financial statements. In addition to the testing of the impact of the accounting methods, the value-relevance of goodwill amortization is investigated. The sample consisted of 100 U.S. business combination transactions during the period 1985–1995 (77 pooling firms and 23 purchase firms). The results do not indicate that market participants price pooling firms and purchase firms differently at the time of business combinations. The results, in addition, do not confirm that when the details of a particular business combinations do not appear in the financial statements, pooling firms' accounting figures have a more positive effect on security prices than those of purchase firms. It seems that market participant are able, even in the long term, to account for the accounting difference between purchase and pooling-of-interests. Also, goodwill amortization does not appear to be value relevant. / Ph. D.

No / This paper adds to the limited economic literature on collecting behaviour by studying the price of musical works in the minidisc format. Over 1,000 MiniDisc prices are analysed using various estimating equations. The use of MiniDiscs allows the estimate of 'pure' collecting effects as there is no gain, in terms of listening content, from the purchase over other formats. What we observe in pricing can therefore be seen as premium for the fan of collecting a scarce item of product. Solo artists who had a tragic death commanded an estimated premium of around 86% using the power function with Greatest Hits having a premium of around 45% price. Both these were statistically significant at high levels.