<p>During the past twenty years the immigration to Sweden has changed significantly. Earlier immigration mainly focused at filling the vacancies in the Swedish industry, today immigrants primarily come to Sweden as Refugees. This change of immigration combined with the restructuring of the Swedish industrial sector has resulted in great a deterioration of the chances for immigrants to gain entry to the Swedish labor market.</p><p>This study aims at examining how the cooperation between authorities in the municipal of Hörby in Sweden fosters integration. The study primarily examines how the cooperation between authorities in a integration project can contribute to a better integration to the labor market.</p><p>Through a qualitative study, five persons who occupy important roles in the project have been interviewed. The results of these interviews have been complemented by internal documents as well as extern material to validate the results.</p><p>The most important findings that have been revealed are the importance of language in the process of gaining entrance to the Swedish labor market. Subsequently the education of immigrants receives criticism and the importance of a new and more effective as well as more time saving education for immigrants are being stressed.</p>

<p>ADHD är en vanligt förekommande neuropsykiatrisk störning bland barn, vilka uppvisar beteende som överaktivitet, uppmärksamhetsstörning och impulsivitet. För föräldrarna kan detta innebära svårigheter att hantera barnens beteende och sätta begränsningar. Syftet med studien var att belysa föräldrars upplevelse från sitt dagliga liv med barn med ADHD problematik. Metoden som använts var en litteraturstudie som analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys och baseras på sju vetenskapliga artiklar som motsvarade syftet för studien. I resultatet framkom: Föräldrarnas uppfostringsförsök, Föräldrarnas relation, Ett minskat kontaktnät, Behov av stöd och hjälp, Hopp och förtvivlan samt Kulturkrock och rollförväntningar. Det förekom i resultatet att föräldrarna hade ett svårthanterbart liv som berodde på barnets problematik. Många föräldrar hade svårighet att acceptera barnets diagnos, vilket gav upphov till blandade känslor som sorg, frustration, ångest, lidande men även välbefinnande. Barnets överaktivitet och impulsivitet hade en stor inverkan på föräldrarnas liv. Föräldrarna lärde sig olika tillvägagångssätt för att hantera barnets beteende. Resultatet visade också att föräldrarna upplevde en stor förändring av sitt sociala liv vilket innebar ett minskat kontaktnät för föräldrarna. Att ha barn med ADHD var påfrestande och föräldrarna upplevde sig jämt missförstådda och hjälplösa, men trots det accepterade de flesta föräldrar sin situation och gjorde det bästa av det.</p>

To feel at home and to find your place identity in a completely different setting than you are used too requires a whole new type of coping with changes. In order to cope, there are different aspects that can help you. Either it be your personality, the physical surroundings or the people that you have by your side. This thesis has had the aim of examining how and why refugees feel at home in the city of Umeå, Sweden. What has been clear is that the interviewed refugees do feel at home in Umeå, this mostly because of social activities with friends and family, not as much because of the physical attributes Umeå has as a city. Place identity, seen from different theoretical perspectives, has been clear in that identity is mostly created in harmony with a place and what the place has to offer socially and not always due to the physical attraction of the place, which has been visible in discussion with the refugees in the study. Instead, place identity for the interviewed individuals has been created through the conceptions, interpretations, ideas and related feelings the individuals have to Umeå.

This study was designed to investigate an alternative to the use of traditional physical laboratory activities in a communication systems course. Specifically, this study examined whether as an alternative, computer simulation is as effective as physical laboratory activities in teaching college-level electronics engineering education students about the concepts of signal transmission, modulation and demodulation. Eighty undergraduate engineering students participated in the study, which was conducted at a southeastern four-year university. The students were randomly assigned to two groups. The groups were compared on understanding the concepts, remembering the concepts, completion time of the lab experiments and perception toward the laboratory experiments. The physical groups (n=40) treatment was to conduct laboratory experiments in a physical laboratory. The students in this group used equipment in a controlled electronics laboratory. The Simulation groups (n=40) treatment was to conduct similar experiments in a PC laboratory. The students in this group used a simulation program in a controlled -PC lab. At the completion of the treatment, scores on a validated conceptual test were collected once after the treatment and again three weeks after the treatment. Attitude surveys and qualitative study were administered at the completion of the treatment. The findings revealed significant differences, in favor of the simulation group, between the two groups on both the conceptual post-test and the follow-up test. The findings also revealed significant correlation between simulation groups attitude toward the simulation program and their post-test scores. Moreover, there was a significant difference between the two groups on their attitude toward their laboratory experience in favor of the simulation group.

In the United States, prominent racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in rates of unintended pregnancy, abortion, and unintended births exist. Recent analysis suggests that Latinas are three times more likely to experience an unintended pregnancy than non-Latina white women. More than half of pregnancies among Latinas (53%) in the United States are unintended and have higher unintended births as they are less likely than black women to have an abortion. In addition, in 2006 the unintended pregnancy rate was highest among women aged 20-24. Little research has 0been conducted to understand unintended pregnancy particularly among young adult Latina women. The purpose of the study is to determine and understand the meaning of unintended pregnancy among Latina subpopulations and examine the perceived consequences and management of unintended pregnancy among Latina subpopulations. Between May 2012 and October 2012, twenty in-depth-interviews were conducted with U. S. born- Latinas between 18-25 years of age seeking a confirmation pregnancy test at clinics in which some provided abortion services. Latinas in the study's meaning of pregnancy came from their complicated life situations, and were facilitated by Latino cultural beliefs, such as fatalism, religiosity and familismo. Many held favorable and positive meanings of their unintended pregnancy, particularly those who continued their pregnancies to term. Consistent with several other studies, the act of deliberately trying to plan a pregnancy was foreign to many of these women, particularly because a pregnancy was something that should was not in their control and left up to God. Most of the Latinas in the study felt that women should not plan their pregnancies and doing so was going against fate and natural life course. Public health research overwhelmingly highlights the negative maternal and child health consequences of unintended, while many women in this study perceived the negative consequences of unintended pregnancy to be primarily emotional and social. The inquiry found stigma surrounding unintended pregnancy among Latinas in this study. More than half of the women in the study resorted to termination of their pregnancy and cited fears of family reaction, fears their partner would deny paternity or responsibility, and/or desires to continue schooling, community and societal attitudes toward an unintended pregnancy and religiosity, as influencing this decision. In addition, contributing to the stigma were the stereotypes of Latinas. Latinas decision to continue their pregnancies to term or have an abortion was provoked by diverse and interrelated factors. Although a few Latinas in the study stated their partner's had an influence on the pregnancy resolution decision, all Latina stated that ultimately they were in control over their pregnancy resolution decision. Even when Latinas partners did not agree with their decision, women still performed their intended pregnancy resolution decision. . Family planning services might benefit from intervention designs with the following features that address the cultural needs of this population; a) highlight/stress the importance and benefits of delaying a pregnancy, not discuss pregnancy planning which was found to be irrelevant to these women, b) incorporate and address cultural constructs such as familismo and fatalism as protective factors rather than risk factors, and c) link and discuss issues such as poverty, education, insurance, stigma, and mental health issues. Many women reported these factors as perceived consequences and influencing the management of an unintended pregnancy. Interventions may be aimed at improving provider communication with Latinas about prevention of unintended pregnancy as well their pregnancy resolution options. Future public health campaigns might benefit from incorporating promotores de salud who had similar experiences in curriculums already discussing reproductive health. Support groups and mental health counseling was suggested as needed among participants that terminated their pregnancies. Future research should continue to focus on the multiple levels of influence and the contribution they make on the meaning and consequences of unintended pregnancy. In addition, the role of cultural protective factors in strengthening families and communities merits further exploration. This study increased our understanding of what unintended pregnancy means in the Latino community, and explored it from a comprehensive, multi-dimensional, and structural perspective. Understanding these factors are important and first steps to addressing an issue that affects Latinas, their families, communities, and the nation-at large.

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs), also referred to as Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDDs), are characterized by deficits in verbal and nonverbal communication, social interaction, and repetitive or restricted interests and behaviors. To date, much of the literature on ASDs has been conducted from a western perspective, although interest in ASDs from a global perspective has dramatically increased in recent years. Over the last decade, there have been numerous conceptual papers attempting to explain how autism might be experienced in other parts of the world. However, in actuality, little research has been conducted in this area, and further exploration of the experiences of individuals diagnosed with ASDs and the families raising them across the globe is needed. The nature of qualitative methodology makes it best-suited for capturing the nuances and complexity of the psychological phenomenon underlying the experiences being studied. These experiences help to capture and reflect the ways in which culture impacts these experiences. The purpose of this study was to examine the lived experiences of mothers raising children diagnosed with an ASD in Jamaica using a qualitative, exploratory methodological approach. Jamaica is in its infancy in terms of creating a standardized diagnostic process for ASDs and is early in development of government programs designed to provide services to newly diagnosed children on the spectrum. Many children diagnosed with ASDs living in Jamaica have very limited access to educational settings, and an abundance of barriers to treatment exist. As such, there is much to be gained from studying mothers' experiences with their child's early development and their initial concerns for their child's development, their experiences with the diagnostic process, the perceived impact of raising a child on the spectrum for themselves and their family, their daily living experiences, their experiences accessing supports and services, their vision for the future, as well as any advice they would give to mothers of children who were recently diagnosed. To this end, the experiences of 13 mothers raising a child diagnosed with an ASD and living in Jamaica were captured through open-ended interviews in this study. The results of this study found a number of notable themes to emerge from interviews with mothers raising a child on the spectrum and living in Jamaica. In particular, a number of mothers reported a typical pregnancy, with a slightly higher Cesarean-section rate than would be expected, and fairly typical early development noted in the child. Mothers reported first noticing a number of different developmental concerns, most especially language delays, lack of eye contact, and unusual social interactions, although a number of mothers were not the first to notice these issues. All but one mother reported first seeking out the counsel of their child's pediatrician, many to have their concerns dismissed, with all but one mother going on for evaluation at a clinic specializing in ASD assessment where their child was later diagnosed. Most mothers reported a number of stressors, in particular difficulties finding respite care, appropriate educational settings for their child, as well as coping with the tremendous financial burden they had in raising their child. They reported their lives to be busy, especially because they were dealing with their child's challenging behaviors on a daily basis. The mothers' vision of the future for their child varied greatly including hope for independence, for them to learn a skill, for better communication, or that they be able to live a "normal" life. The mothers all varied greatly as far as the advice mothers would give to mothers of children recently diagnosed on the spectrum, with some saying to have hope or keep their faith and others noting the importance of being the advocate and "structuring" the child early. This study not only provides a better understanding of the experiences of mothers raising a child on the spectrum in Jamaica but also provides empirical support for their advocacy efforts and the need for increased supports and services for these families. It also serves to inform a number of ecological, systemic factors impacting families raising a child on the spectrum in Jamaica and a framework for other studies who seek to also understand the various types of experiences that families of children on the spectrum have.

Color is used in everything we see and do and it often can be used for effect and representation, particularly on maps and transportation signage. This study explores the issues that the color blind population exhibits when viewing these maps and signs. Seeing that 8%#37; of the male population is afflicted with some form of color blindness, it is pertinent that research reflect these issues and take into consideration the Right to Receive Information for this population. A qualitative method using Photovoice and interviews was used to determine whether this population considers itself having a disability and what solutions can be found to assist with issues of seeing colors on transportation maps and signage. Results show that although half of the participants feel they have a disability, they do not want to be categorized with other disabilities or have restrictions placed on them. The overall consensus regarding maps was to use less colors and simplify. One solution to the issue of being able to read maps and signage was to instill the ColorADD Symbol System in the U.S. comprehensively. This study provides insight to the issues faced by the color blind population regarding Right to Receive Information for maps and signage, including alternate solutions to providing color blind people with sufficient materials. The significance of this research can be used to provide safer transportation signage for driving and better maps for traveling.

What keeps long term cohabitating couples together? I began to ask this question as I noticed more and more heterosexual people living together in long term committed relationships outside of marriage. Social commentators have decried cohabitating couples as less committed than married couples, and some research has agreed with this view, yet I personally had not seen this to be the case. As a response to this contradiction, I engage with the overall research question by exploring cohabitation and marriage decisions among ten long term heterosexual cohabitating couples as well as how the construct of commitment operates in their daily lives through a series of individual in-depth interviews. Through their stories, I situate long term heterosexual cohabitation as an outcome of a complex web of motivations, reasons, and rationales that share much in common with all cohabitating couples. I find commitment to be highly valued by these couples and produced through daily processes that bring couples closer together and heighten the cost of ending the relationship, thereby elucidating the socio-cultural factors that make long term cohabitating couples feel like they’re “already married.” By asking couples about their household division of labor and their attitudes towards marriage, I also engage with research that points to long term cohabitating couples as sites of gender egalitarianism. While these couples were more egalitarian in their housework, this was not necessarily a product of a particular affinity for gender equality. Furthermore, the ways in which they spoke about housework as well as the ways they valued marriage and weddings demonstrate that traditional gender roles still play an influential role in intercouple interactions. In the final chapter, I offer a theoretical way forward for future research on heterosexual cohabitation and identify gaps in the research that this study helps to identify. / text

Social networking has become integrated into every aspect of business that one can imagine and universities must take advantage of the phenomenon to build personal relationships with young alumni in an effort to build a lifetime of loyalty. This study addresses some issues that should be considered to build loyalty in young alumni, from the moment of their first arrival, rather than waiting until after they graduate to cultivate them. This study examines how alumni relations officers can help build relationships through social networks, and in-school interventions that will help creating lifetime loyalty among young alumni. Young alumni, who are more familiar with technology than older generations of alumni are a prime target audience that should be considered to study efficient and effective way for universities to get their messages out. Through an interactive qualitative analysis study, this research addresses the factors that keep alumni from wanting to hear about and be vested in their alma mater before they graduate and how they will communicate with the university after graduation. This study explores the broad question, Why do some students use alumni social media and some do not? To answer the question, the researcher explores the phenomenon of The Undergraduate Experience and Using Social Media. Using Interactive Qualitative Analysis (IQA), this study identifies the elements that make up The Undergraduate Experience and The Using Social Media Experience. The study goes further by identifying how these elements relate in a system of influence. The study concludes with practical solutions for the engagement of alumni. / text

Different studies show that stress is a common feeling that newly graduated nurses experience during the first period in the profession. What causes the stress are high expectations that they have on themselves and the expectations from colleagues, as well as the fear of making a mistake while working as a nurse. Newly graduate nurses go through five stages of development from being novice to expert. The aim of this study was to describe work experiences of newly graduate nurses in hospital ward settings. The research method was a literature study based on ten qualitative articles. Articles were analyzed by using the method of Friberg (2012). Four main themes were identified: experiences of leadership; experiences of the relationship with colleagues; experiences of support; experiences of knowledge level. Colleagues and managers must respond to the needs of newly graduated nurses in an adequate way to create a friendly and supportive working environment, which in turn can contribute to the professional development of the newly graduated nurse. Nursing education should prepare students for professional careers in terms of socialization, leadership and organization.