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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
271

Las condiciones de interacción comunicativa en las técnicas lingüísticas de obtención de información y sus efectos en la elaboración discursiva sobre el cuerpo y la educación

Perera, Santiago 26 May 1995 (has links)
El método de encuesta es un método de investigación de naturaleza lingüística y buena parte de las líneas de investigación elaboradas acerca de este método parecen haber obviado en buena medida esta característica. La relegación de la naturaleza lingüística del método de encuesta ha comportado un importante nivel de reificación de los elementos que se consideran implicados en él. Nos referimos fundamentalmente a las preguntas, a los entrevistadores y entrevistadoras, a las respuestas, a las personas encuestadas y a los propios instrumentos de las técnicas de investigación. Esta reificación ha transformado dichos elementos, en elementos objetivables y manipulables, y en cierta forma, desnudos de su principal característica: su significado y dimensión lingüística.Las repercusiones de este enfoque del método de encuesta han sido varias, entre ellas podemos destacar, por ejemplo, la reducción de lo lingüístico en los cuestionarios a meros enunciados casi métricos de preguntas, y la reducción de las respuestas a tan sólo marcas en diversas casillas. Este enfoque también ha propiciado que la figura del/de la entrevistador/a se convierta, por definición, en una fuente de sesgo, principalmente por sus características sociodemográficas, negándole una participación lingüística de interacción social en el método de encuesta. Igualmente, bajo esta perspectiva, la forma conversacional de la entrevista ha relegado a los cuestionarios a un mero intercambio de interrogaciones y monosílabos, o a un simple intercambio de papeles, olvidando precisamente que ni la entrevista es una conversación, ni los cuestionarios son elementos neutros en relación a la interacción lingüística de las personas implicadas en una situación de encuesta.Las hipótesis formuladas proponen en líneas generales, la recuperación de la naturaleza lingüística del método de encuesta, no tanto porque este método funcione a través de la palabra oral o escrita, como porque el lenguaje comporta una elaboración de significados compartidos en función de los mucho elementos que lo dimensionalizan. Entre estos elementos hemos destacado, en relación al método de encuesta, la propia situación de interacción condicionada por la técnica de investigación que se utilice (cuestionario autoadministrado, cuestionario entrevistado, entrevista), la persona encuestada, el/la interlocutor/a con el que la persona entra en contacto y con el que desarrol1ará la encuesta y el objeto sobre el cual va a ser preguntada la persona encuestada. En definitiva se trata de recuperar la importancia del contexto comunicativo y del "otro" simbólico en el proceso de obtención de información a través del método de encuesta. De forma más concreta las hipótesis tratan de poner de manifiesto la incidencia del objeto de interlocución, no tanto sobre los contenidos, sino sobre los procesos implicados en la interlocución. Igualmente las hipótesis sugieren que el modo de administración tiene efectos sobre los contenidos de respuesta, ya que los modos de administración son, en realidad, elementos contextuales de interlocución. Finalmente, las hipótesis tratan de otro elemento, el entrevistador o la entrevistadora sugiriendo que las interacciones de género, con sus puestas en juego de estereotipos, representaciones y prácticas tienen incidencia sobre los contenidos discursivos en función del contexto de interlocución y de la relevancia del tema. En este trabajo se han desarrollado dos investigaciones. En la primera investigación hemos tratado del tema del cuerpo y en la segunda de la educación. Se eligió el tema del cuerpo porque las hipótesis proponen la relevancia del contenido de interlocución en relación a la interacción comunicativa entre géneros, y consideramos que es una temática relativamente amenazante, ya que en la representación de lo público y lo privado pertenece más al dominio de lo privado que de lo público. La segunda investigación aborda el tema de la educación en contraste con la primera, es decir, su discurso pertenece al orden de lo público, de lo no amenazante y su interlocución está menos condicionada por las interacciones de género. Los resultados de las investigaciones nos permiten afirmar que la forma de administración no sólo es un medio de interrogación sino un contexto de interlocución, y que si bien el sexo como variable independiente tiene pocos efectos, el género está relacionado con los contenidos discursivos que se evidencian en la interlocución si existe una vinculación entre tema y contexto de género / In general lines, the investigations elaborated about enquiry method appear have obviate in a good measure the nature of this method, and this nature, more than metric -bow you can deduce through the psychometry and the sociometry- it is linguistics. The exile of this linguistics nature about enquiry method has beared a reification of the questions and the interviewers and have transformed them in objectivables elements despoid of its principal characteristic: its meaning and linguistic dimension. The repercussions of this focussing of enquiry method have been diverse, and we can detach, for example, the reduction of the linguistic in the questionnaires in simple enunciations almost metrics of questions, and the reduction of the answers in only marks in different options. This focussing has propitiate too that the figure of the interviewers is converted for definition in a potential source of error, refusing its linguistic participation in the social interaction in enquiry method. Equally the conversational form of interview has relegated the questionnaires in a simple interchange of interrogations and monosyllabic, or in a simple interchange of papers, forgetting precisely that the interview isn't a conversation, and the questionnaires aren't neutral elements to the linguistic and social interaction of the people implicated in a enquiry situation. The hypothesis formulated in this work propose, fundamentally, the recuperation of the linguistic nature of enquiry method because we thing that the language bears elaboration of share significations in function of very elements that give them dimension. Between this elements we have detached the situation of interaction, that has been conditioned for the techniques of investigations that it is used - auto administrate questionnaire, interviewed questionnaire and interview-, the inquire person, the interlocutor that talk with the interviewed person and the degree of relevance of the object or the theme about we will make questions to the interviewed person. We have to recuperate the importance of communicative context and "the other" symbolical in the process of getting information through the enquiry method.
272

Förskolepersonals syn på att utföra skattning av barns sociala och känslomässiga utveckling med formulär

Fält, Elisabet January 2012 (has links)
Allt fler barn i Sverige lider av psykisk ohälsa. Det finns ett behov av bättre kunskapsunderlag för att hitta de barn som visar tidiga tecken på psykisk ohälsa. Syftet med studien var att undersöka vad personal inom förskolan har för inställning till att utföra skattning av barns sociala och känslomässiga utveckling med formulär. Tretton intervjuer genomfördes och materialet analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultatet visade att det fanns en olust bland förskollärare att möta föräldrars reaktion och oro inför en eventuell bedömning. Att redovisa formulärets svar för föräldrarna kändes inte heller helt lätt. Förskollärarna ansåg att förskolan är ett bra forum för att bedöma socialt beteende och att formuläret kan resultera i en tydlig och rättvis bild av barnen. Men lärarna var också rädda för att stämpla barn. En del ansåg att bedömningar av enskilda barns utveckling är ett förlegat arbetssätt. Personalen hade delade meningar i frågan om tidsbrist skulle utgöra ett hinder för skattningsarbetet. I alla intervjuer fanns en vilja från lärarnas sida att se till barnets bästa. Slutsats: Skattning av barns beteende med hjälp av formulär i förskolan är komplext. Ett eventuellt införande av metoden ställer krav på tydlig information om metoden och syftet till såväl förskollärare som föräldrar. / An increasing number of Swedish children suffer from psychiatric disorders. There is a need for better knowledge to detect children that show early signs of psychiatric disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate what attitude preschool staffs have to perform evaluations of children’s social and mental development using a questionnaire. A total number of thirteen interviews have been performed and the material have been analysed according to a qualitative content analysis. The results showed a discomfort amongst preschool teachers to meet the parents’ reaction and concern in relation to a possible evaluation. The preschool is considered to be a good forum when to assess children´s behaviour and the actual questionnaire is considered to be a useful tool. But the teachers were worried that they would put a label on the children. Some of the teachers believed that assessing children is an outdated way to work. There were different opinions whether lack of time is an obstacle to use the questionnaire. There was generally an intention to ensure the children´s best. Conclusion: Evaluations of the children´s behaviour using the questionnaire in preschool is a complex issue. An implementation of the method requires extensive information to preschool teachers and parents.
273

Experiencing Science in Action: The Use of Exhibition Techniques in Guided Tours to a Scientific Laboratory

Keilman, Thomas January 2004 (has links)
The current paper presents a study conducted at CERN, Switzerland, to investigate visitors' and tour guides' use and appreciation of existing panels at visit itinerary points. The results were used to develop a set of recommendations for constructing optimal panels to assist the guides' explanation.
274

The Impact of the NIHERST/NGC National Science Centre, Trinidad and Tobago on Visiting Student Groups

Chariandy, Celeste Marie-Ange January 2004 (has links)
The aim of this study was to asses the impact of a visit to the NIHERST/NGC National Science Centre in Trinidad on four different school-age visitor groups. The research was conducted through the administering of a post-visit questionnaire immediately upon completion of each visit by each group, and via visitor feedback obtained in post-visit or pre-visit activities conducted within two weeks of the visit for three groups. Teachers/instructors who accompanied the groups on their visit also completed post-visit questionnaires and provided additional information on follow-up activities via an interview. The results of this investigation suggest that the visit to this science centre provided entertainment/enjoyment value and potential educational value to most individuals. The nature of this enjoyment was noted for various age groups and genders in this study. Quantification of the educational impact was not possible within the constraints of this study, which was unable to capture long-term effects of the supply of ‘new knowledge’ to visitors which the visit to the science centre had provided.
275

NAVET's Boxes - an Evaluation of the Post-Visit Loan Service at a Science Centre in Borås

Göthberg, Renée January 2005 (has links)
Many pedagogues believe science centres to be a good complement to the more formal school teaching. For a visit to a science centre to be as educational as possible, there is a need for pre-visit information of some sort, a guided visit, and post-visit work. Many science centres offer loan services of different kinds. At Navet, a science centre in Borås, teachers can borrow boxes with experiments connected to the different themes they provide. The experiments are supposed to be a continuation of the visit and help settle the knowledge gained during the visit. This thesis is an evaluation of how the boxes function in the schools, and what the teachers think of them. The study was conducted through questionnaires and interviews with both teachers and the staff at Navet. The results of the study are very positive. Many teachers have been involved with Navet from the very beginning and they see a visit to Navet as an integrated part of their teaching. Some boxes work better than others and some might need clearer information, but overall the teachers see the boxes as timesavers, as a way to vary their teaching more easily, and as a help for teachers not specialized in mathematics and science.
276

Pupils' interaction with a Science Centre: Communication perspective analysis

Islam, Md. Khademul January 2005 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to investigate pupils’ knowledge about science and what role science center is playing as a medium of communication to increase knowledge among students. This study also tried to find out pupils’ interaction: how they use science center as a source of scientific information, what they learn from their visit to a science center, their pattern of communication with it. This project also measured attraction, holding and learning power of exhibits of the science center at Dalarna University in Borlänge and learning power of planetarium program and slide show of Stella Nova Planetarium at Dalarna University.The subjects of this study consisted of students of class seven and eight and teachers of an urban school in Borlänge, Sweden. To find out students’ learning in a science center a pre and post visit test were conducted through questionnaires. Interview method by questionnaires was also used to explore pupils’ interaction with science center.The results of this study show that students learn by their visit to a science center but learning was not statistically significant (0.05).Girls learnt better than boys. School classes that have better pre-knowledge about science before a visit to a science center learnt worse than other classes having less pre-knowledge. Girls and boys interact with a science center in different ways. Science center is playing important role as a science communicator.
277

How (not) to interview children : interviews with young children in sexual abuse : investigations in Finland /

Korkman, Julia. January 2006 (has links)
Akademisk avhandling--Humanistiska fakulteten--Åbo akademi, 2006. / Bibliogr. p. 85-96.
278

Formation à la statistique par la pratique d'enquêtes par questionnaires et la simulation étude didactique d'une expérience d'enseignement dans un département d'IUT /

Oriol, Jean-Claude Régnier, Jean-Claude. January 2007 (has links)
Reproduction de : Thèse doctorat : Sciences de l'éducation : Lyon 2 : 2007. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr.
279

L'enseignement de la prise en charge des plaies lors du séminaire de troisième cycle de médecine générale enquête sur les méthodes pédagogiques auprès des étudiants et des enseignant et propositions d'améliorations /

Mortier, Isabelle Adam, Jean-Louis January 2007 (has links) (PDF)
Reproduction de : Thèse d'exercice : Médecine : Nancy 1 : 2007. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre.
280

Exploring the effects of BMI health report card letters among 6th grade students and parents : an application of the social cognitive theory

Kaczmarski, Jenna M. January 2009 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.P.H.)--University of South Florida, 2009. / Title from PDF of title page. Document formatted into pages; contains 137 pages. Includes bibliographical references.

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