Na aviação, os procedimentos para situações anormais e de emergência, geralmente organizados em checklists compilados no Quick Reference Handbook (QRH), são elaborados e revisados como mecanismos de controle organizacional. Esta abordagem, no entanto, tem mostrado limitações em servir como solução para todos os tipos de situações, principalmente para problemas não estruturados. Neste cenário, o conceito ‘procedimentos como recursos para a ação’ tem sido visto como uma abordagem alternativa, embora tenha sido desenvolvida apenas de forma incipiente. Assim, o objetivo geral desta tese foi propor um protocolo para revisão dos procedimentos disponíveis em cockpits de aviões comerciais como apoio aos pilotos durante a gestão de anomalia. Para atingir o objetivo, a pesquisa adotou a Design Science Research e foi dividida em quatro etapas: compressão do problema, sugestão e desenvolvimento, avaliação e conclusão. Um estudo etnográfico cognitivo conduzido em uma companhia aérea brasileira propiciou melhor entendimento do problema por meio de observações participantes, entrevistas retrospectivas, entrevistas em grupo, dados secundários e documentos técnicos. Os resultados mostraram como fatores contextuais fora do escopo do QRH geraram demandas extras e requereram estratégias de adaptação dos sistemas cognitivos correlacionados. Fragmentos do QRH e de recursos adicionais foram intercalados para apoiar essas estratégias. As sugestões de melhorias envolveram a reorganização do QRH, dos checklists e dos recursos adicionais, a fim de melhor apoiar o reconhecimento de anomalias, o diagnóstico de problemas e o curso de ação. As sete etapas do protocolo foram desenvolvidas com base nos princípios teóricos e empíricos derivados do estudo e, em seguida, o protocolo foi avaliado de acordo com cinco critérios. Enquanto o artefato teve um bom desempenho em dois critérios, três deles revelaram a necessidade de ajustes, que podem ser superados com novas aplicações em diferentes contextos. Em conclusão, o estudo atingiu os objetivos geral e específicos, contribuiu para a classe de problemas ao operacionalizar o conceito ‘procedimentos como recursos para a ação’ e contribuiu para solucionar o problema prático ao proporcionar um artefato para ajudar as companhias aéreas a revisar seus procedimentos e outros recursos de modo a melhor apoiar os pilotos na gestão de anomalias. / In aviation, procedures for abnormal and emergency situations, generally organized in checklists compiled in the Quick Reference Handbook (QRH), are designed and redesigned as mechanisms of organizational control. This approach, however, has shown some drawbacks as a solution for any situation, specially for unstructured problems. In this scenario, the concept ‘procedures and resources for action’ has been seen as an alternative approach, although it has been incipiently developed. Thus, the general objective of this thesis was to propose a protocol for redesigning the procedures available in commercial aircraft cockpits as means of supporting pilots during anomaly management. To achieve the objective, the research adopted the Design Science Research approach and was divided into four stages: awareness of the problem, suggestion and development, evaluation and conclusion. A cognitive ethnographic study conducted in a Brazilian airline provided better understanding of the problem through participant observations, retrospective interviews, group interviews, secondary data and technical documents as sources of data. The results showed how contextual factors beyond the QRH scope generated extra demands and required adaptive strategies from the joint cognitive systems. Fragments from the QRH and from additional resources were interleaved to support these strategies. The design implications involved the reorganization of the QRH, the checklist and the additional resources in order to better support the anomaly recognition, the problem diagnosis and the course of action. The seven steps of the protocol were developed based on the theoretical and empirical principles derived from the study and, then, the protocol was evaluated according to five criteria. While the artefact performed well in two criteria, in three of them revealed opportunities of improvement, which can be overcame with more applications in different settings. In conclusion, the study achieved general and specifics objectives, contributed to the class of problems by operationalizing the concept ‘procedures as resources for action’ and contributed to solve the practical problem by providing an artefact that help airlines to redesign procedures and other resources in order to better support pilots during anomaly management.

The objective of this research was to apply a previously recommended laboratory testing protocol to specific aggregate base materials that are also the subject of ongoing full-scale field testing. The scope of this research involved three aggregate base materials selected from three sites where full-scale field testing programs have been established. The first and second field sites included five different geogrid types, categorized as either biaxial or triaxial, in a singlelayer configuration, while the third site included only the triaxial geogrid type in either a singleor double-layer configuration. Geogrid-stabilized and unstabilized control specimens were evaluated using the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials T 307 quick shear testing protocol. Measurements of load and axial displacement were recorded and used to develop a stress-strain plot for each specimen tested. The peak axial stress, the modulus to the peak axial stress, the modulus of the elastic portion of the curve, and the modulus at 2 percent strain were then calculated. Statistical analyses were performed to investigate differences between geogridstabilized specimens and unstabilized control specimens and to investigate differences between individual geogrid products or geogrid configurations. Depending on the method of data analysis, the quick shear test results indicate that geogrid stabilization, with the effect of geogrid stabilization averaged across all of the geogrid products evaluated in this study, may or may not improve the structural quality of the aggregate base materials evaluated in this study. The results also indicate that, regardless of the method of analysis, one geogrid product or configuration may be more effective than another at improving the structural quality of a given aggregate base material as measured using the quick shear test. All results from this research are limited in their application to the aggregate base material types, geogrid products, and geogrid configurations associated with this study. Additional research is needed to compare the results of the laboratory quick shear testing obtained for this study with the structural capacity of the geogrid-stabilized and unstabilized control sections that have been constructed at corresponding full-scale field testing sites. Specifically, further research is needed to determine which method of laboratory data analysis yields the best comparisons with field test results. Finally, correlations between the results of quick shear testing and resilient modulus need to be investigated in order to incorporate the findings of the quick shear test on geogrid-stabilized base materials into mechanistic-empirical pavement design.

In forging industry, the die setup starts with unloading the previous die set and ends with approval of the first part produced. During conventional die setup, forging press is kept idle. The aim of this study is to perform die changing applications of the 1000 ton forging press of Aksan Steel Forging Company in more systematic way to reduce the idle time. The applicability of Single Minute Exchange of Dies (SMED) System and quick die locating methods have been studied. SMED classifies the setup operations as internal and external setup operations. During the internal setup operations the press is kept idle. Therefore it has been tried to reduce the internal setup time. In this study, a new modular die system has been developed. The die system to be used for the forging press with 1000 ton capacity in Aksan Steel Forging Company has been redesigned regarding the dimensional limitations, requirements, SMED System and quick die locating methods. The modules of proposed die system and the dies for a particular forging part have been produced. Tests, observations and time studies have been carried out. The time spent for alignment of the upper and lower dies on the press have been eliminated in the proposed system. The solutions have been proposed for the frequently encountered problems of setup operations of the company and these have been applied in the system. In order to eliminate operator mistakes, marking applications have also been introduced and the application of die cavity revision has been renewed. During the time studies for the case study, it has been seen that the internal setup time of the forging press with 1000 ton capacity has been reduced from 220 minutes to 141 minutes which corresponds to a reduction of 36 %.

<p> </p><p>Measuring the quality of software is a complex task. Various analyses and computations of software quality metrics support this process. For certain investigations it is helpful to visualize the relations between different components of software in order to check quality aspects. The VizzAnalyzer tool was developed for these purposes and allows the visualization of software systems as UML2.0 class diagrams. The visualization plug-in lays out the internal structure and ensures a high readability of the layouts.</p><p>In this thesis the layout algorithm embedded in the plug-in is optimized to increase its performance and the readability of layouts computed. The interaction with other applications is an important aspect. The current visualization plug-in is extended to meet the requirements of the Quick Orientation Viewer and to support future applications. The optimizations and extensions are further addressed to enhance the usability and the functions provided by the layout algorithm.</p><p> </p>

泰灣 - 泰國快速服務餐廳 / The main objective of this study is to make a business plan that outlining the necessary measures taken to create ThaiOne, a Thai quick service restaurant in Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C of which the first restaurant location is in Neihu Technology park. It aims to provide authentic, delicious and healthy Thai food with the convenience of fast-food with rapid response time. In the study, global and local market information was acquired from available sources to determine the future growth of global food industry and food industry in Taiwan in general. Interviews with potential customers and site visits were also conducted in Neihu business area with the aim to find out consumer behaviour and expectations on the new food outlet or restaurant in the area. Financial analysis such as net present value, sensitivity and break-even analysis were conducted to determine if the project is worth investing or not and what is major risk of the project. The result of the study show positive net present value of the proposed business. However sensitivity analysis reveals that sale volume is the major factor that could affect the business cash flow and success of the investment.

Hipotezė: 1 tipo cukriniu diabetu sergančių merginų vegetacinių sistemų rodiklių pokyčiai krūvio metu bus didesni, nei šokėjų ir nesportuojančių. Tikslas: Įvertinti 18-22 1 tipo cukriniu diabetu sergančių merginų, greitosios adaptacijos aerobiniams ėjimo krūviams, ypatumus. Tiriamieji: 10 šokėjų, 12 nesportuojančių sveikų merginų, ir 12 sergančių 1 tipo cukriniu diabetu merginų. Tyrimo metodai: 1. Kūno kompozicija 2. dujų analizė 3. pulsometrija 4. biocheminė kraujo analizė 5. standartinis šešių minučių ėjimo krūvis bėgtakiu 6. matematinė statistika. Tyrimo organizavimas: Tyrimas atliktas 2011-2012 metais. Tyrime dalyvavo 34 merginos, kurios buvo suskirstytos į 3 grupes: I grupę sudarė 1 tipo cukriniu diabetu sergančios merginos (n=12), II grupę šokėjos (n=10), III grupę nesportuojančios sveikos merginos (n=12). Tiriamosios buvo 18-22 metų amžiaus. Tiriamosios, atvykusios į Lietuvos kūno kultūros akademijos sporto fiziologijos labaratorija, buvo supažindintos su tyrimu. Prieš tyrimą tiriamosioms buvo atlikta kūno sudėties analizė su „Tanita TBF-300-A “ svartyklėmis. “Tanita TBF-300-A” svarstyklėmis buvo nustatyta tiriamųjų: kūno masė, KMI (kūno masės indeksas), riebalų masė (%), riebalų masė (kg). Visos tyrime dalyvavusios merginos atliko 6 minučių standartinį ėjimo testą bėgtakiu VIASYS LE 200 CE (Vokietija) pagal (1 tyrimo protokolą). 6 minučių standartinio ėjimo testo metu buvo atliktas tiesioginis MDS nustatymas dujų analizatoriumi „Oxycon Mobile“ (Jaeger, Vokietija)... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Hypothesis: We thought that type 1 diabetic girls vegetative system parameters during exercise will be higher than the dancers and untrained. The aim of the study: To evaluate the type 1 diabetic quick adaptation of aerobic walking loads, characteristics Subjects: 10 dancers, 12 untrained healthy women, 12 patients with type 1 diabetic women. The methods of the study: 1. Body composition 2. gas analysis 3. pulsometry 4. biochemical blood analysis 5. standard 6-minute treadmill walk test 6. mathematical statistics. The organization of the study: The study was conducted from 2011 to 2012 years. The study included 34 women were divided into 3 groups: group I consisted of type 1 diabetic girls (n = 12), group II dancers (n = 10), III group of healthy untrained girls (n = 12). The participants were between 18-22 years of age. Before the study subjects was performed body composition analysis with Tanita TBF-300-A."Tanita TBF-300-A subjects were found on scales: body weight, BMI (body mass index), fat mass (%), fat mass (kg).All the girls participated in the study, carried out a standard 6-minute treadmill walk test VIASYS LE 200 CE (Germany) in accordance with (1 TABLE). Standard 6-minute walk test was carried out directly by the gas analyzer MDS "Oxycon Mobile (Jaeger, Germany). Total 6-minute walk test in a standard treadmill VIASYS LE 200 CE (Germany) and recovery time using a portable system Oxycon Mobile has been recorded in gas exchange rates of oxygen consumption (VO2)... [to full text]

The purpose of this project was to apply the Quick Response System II (QRS II), developed by Alan J. Horowitz, Center for Urban Transportation Studies, University of Milwaukee-Wisconsin, to the city of Muncie, Indiana.The QRS II model is one example of recent computer models intended for micro-computers, which may be useful for smaller cities with limited planning staff or computer capabilities. The main point is to be able to forecast the impacts of urban developments on highway traffic and the impacts of highway projects on travel pattern.QRS II determines the total number of person-trips generated by each zone of the study area. It accomplishes this step for three trip purposes: home-based work, home-based nonwork, nonhome-based trips. It then distributes these trips from any given origin zone to any given destination, converts highway person-trips to vehicle-trips and assigns them to the links in the highway network based on travel time, and finally split the number of person-trips between transit and automobiles. QRS II also was used to determine the impact of new construction on the surrounding street system.The purpose of the pro t was not to do a complete transportation study. It was rather a test application of QRS II using the 1980 census data of the city of Muncie. We simply tried to get QRS II set up, running, and calibrated according to the findings of the model. The following chapters show the theory behind it, the different outputs, the advantages and limitations. / Department of Urban Planning

The aim of the study is to apply and compare the performance of two different types of neural networks on the Quick, Draw! dataset and from this determine whether interpreting the sketches as sequences gives a higher accuracy than interpreting them as pixels. The two types of networks constructed were a recurrent neural network (RNN) and a convolutional neural network (CNN). The networks were optimised and the final architectures included five layers. The final evaluation accuracy achieved was 94.2% and 92.3% respectively, leading to the conclusion that the sequential interpretation of the Quick, Draw! dataset is favourable.

Na aviação, os procedimentos para situações anormais e de emergência, geralmente organizados em checklists compilados no Quick Reference Handbook (QRH), são elaborados e revisados como mecanismos de controle organizacional. Esta abordagem, no entanto, tem mostrado limitações em servir como solução para todos os tipos de situações, principalmente para problemas não estruturados. Neste cenário, o conceito ‘procedimentos como recursos para a ação’ tem sido visto como uma abordagem alternativa, embora tenha sido desenvolvida apenas de forma incipiente. Assim, o objetivo geral desta tese foi propor um protocolo para revisão dos procedimentos disponíveis em cockpits de aviões comerciais como apoio aos pilotos durante a gestão de anomalia. Para atingir o objetivo, a pesquisa adotou a Design Science Research e foi dividida em quatro etapas: compressão do problema, sugestão e desenvolvimento, avaliação e conclusão. Um estudo etnográfico cognitivo conduzido em uma companhia aérea brasileira propiciou melhor entendimento do problema por meio de observações participantes, entrevistas retrospectivas, entrevistas em grupo, dados secundários e documentos técnicos. Os resultados mostraram como fatores contextuais fora do escopo do QRH geraram demandas extras e requereram estratégias de adaptação dos sistemas cognitivos correlacionados. Fragmentos do QRH e de recursos adicionais foram intercalados para apoiar essas estratégias. As sugestões de melhorias envolveram a reorganização do QRH, dos checklists e dos recursos adicionais, a fim de melhor apoiar o reconhecimento de anomalias, o diagnóstico de problemas e o curso de ação. As sete etapas do protocolo foram desenvolvidas com base nos princípios teóricos e empíricos derivados do estudo e, em seguida, o protocolo foi avaliado de acordo com cinco critérios. Enquanto o artefato teve um bom desempenho em dois critérios, três deles revelaram a necessidade de ajustes, que podem ser superados com novas aplicações em diferentes contextos. Em conclusão, o estudo atingiu os objetivos geral e específicos, contribuiu para a classe de problemas ao operacionalizar o conceito ‘procedimentos como recursos para a ação’ e contribuiu para solucionar o problema prático ao proporcionar um artefato para ajudar as companhias aéreas a revisar seus procedimentos e outros recursos de modo a melhor apoiar os pilotos na gestão de anomalias. / In aviation, procedures for abnormal and emergency situations, generally organized in checklists compiled in the Quick Reference Handbook (QRH), are designed and redesigned as mechanisms of organizational control. This approach, however, has shown some drawbacks as a solution for any situation, specially for unstructured problems. In this scenario, the concept ‘procedures and resources for action’ has been seen as an alternative approach, although it has been incipiently developed. Thus, the general objective of this thesis was to propose a protocol for redesigning the procedures available in commercial aircraft cockpits as means of supporting pilots during anomaly management. To achieve the objective, the research adopted the Design Science Research approach and was divided into four stages: awareness of the problem, suggestion and development, evaluation and conclusion. A cognitive ethnographic study conducted in a Brazilian airline provided better understanding of the problem through participant observations, retrospective interviews, group interviews, secondary data and technical documents as sources of data. The results showed how contextual factors beyond the QRH scope generated extra demands and required adaptive strategies from the joint cognitive systems. Fragments from the QRH and from additional resources were interleaved to support these strategies. The design implications involved the reorganization of the QRH, the checklist and the additional resources in order to better support the anomaly recognition, the problem diagnosis and the course of action. The seven steps of the protocol were developed based on the theoretical and empirical principles derived from the study and, then, the protocol was evaluated according to five criteria. While the artefact performed well in two criteria, in three of them revealed opportunities of improvement, which can be overcame with more applications in different settings. In conclusion, the study achieved general and specifics objectives, contributed to the class of problems by operationalizing the concept ‘procedures as resources for action’ and contributed to solve the practical problem by providing an artefact that help airlines to redesign procedures and other resources in order to better support pilots during anomaly management.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:52:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5876.pdf: 7013934 bytes, checksum: 4e3ff62ae5a65cf8026d92111fa732ee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-25 / In the latest decades, companies have faced important and increasing challenges set by globalization in product markets and production factors. This way, consumers become highly demanding and are always searching for new products, highly qualified, customized and quickly produced. Given these changes, the speed of delivery and therefore the efforts to reduce lead time emerges as one of the main objectives adopted by a company to compete in the market, since the strategies based in time aim to provide faster answers to its customers. In this context, the present paper aims to describe a proposal to reduce the lead time from the application of the concepts and methodology tools Quick Response Manufacturing (QRM) in a capital good sector s company. In order to achieve the proposed objective, a literature review about the QRM methodology and POLCA system and a case study in a company that develops and manufactures machinery and custom made equipment. Thus, it was analyzed the main causes of the waiting in the manufacturing of pressure vessels process, and through improvement proposals, it was achieved the results and gains expected. The main results, other than the 40% reduction in lead time, are related to quality improvement, increase of process responsibility in the manufacturing and simplifying the production control. / Nas últimas décadas as empresas têm enfrentado importantes e crescentes desafios impostos pela globalização dos mercados de produtos e fatores de produção. Dessa forma, os consumidores tornam-se cada vez mais exigentes e estão sempre em busca de novos produtos, altamente qualificados, customizados e produzidos rapidamente. Diante destas transformações, a velocidade de entrega e, por conseguinte, a busca pela redução do lead time surge como um dos principais objetivos adotados por uma empresa para competir no mercado, visto que estratégias baseadas no tempo visam fornecer respostas rápidas a seus clientes. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo geral apresentar uma proposta para a redução de lead time a partir da aplicação dos conceitos e ferramentas da metodologia Quick Response Manufacturing (QRM) em uma empresa do setor de bens de capital. A fim de atingir o objetivo proposto, foi realizada uma revisão da literatura sobre a metodologia QRM e sistema POLCA e um estudo de caso em uma empresa que desenvolve e fabrica máquinas e equipamentos sob encomenda. Dessa maneira, analisaram-se as principais causas de espera no processo de fabricação de vasos de pressão e, por meio de propostas de melhorias, chegou-se aos resultados e ganhos esperados. Os resultados principais, além da redução de 40% do lead time, estão relacionados à melhoria de qualidade, aumento de responsabilidade no processo de fabricação e simplificação do controle de produção.