The aim of the current thesis was the analysis of the genetics of sex determination of farmed fish with sexual dimorphism, using Next Generation Sequencing. Three different species of farmed fish with sex-determining systems of varying complexity were studied. Both full-sibs and more distantly related specimens of Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus), Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) were used for this study. Application of Restriction-site Associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) and double digest Restriction-site Associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD-seq), two related techniques based on next generation sequencing, allowed the identification of thousands of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs; > 3,000) for each of the above species. The first SNP-based genetic maps for the above species were constructed during the current study. The first evidence concerning the location of the sex-determining region of Atlantic halibut is provided in this study. In the case of Nile tilapia both novel sex-determining regions and fine mapping of the major sex-determining region are presented. In the study of European sea bass evidence concerning the absence of a major sex-determining gene was provided. Indications of putative sex-determining regions in this species are also provided. The results of the current thesis help to broaden current knowledge concerning sex determination in three important farmed fish. In addition the results of the current thesis have practical applications as well, towards the production of mono-sex stocks of those species for the aquaculture industry.

<p>У овом раду теоријски и истраживачки се анализира појам и процес<br />самовредновања као сегмент утицаја на унапређење квалитета педагошког рада школе.<br />У теоријском делу рада утврђују се појмови квалитета, стандарда, вредновања и<br />самовредновања и њихов међусобни однос у систему педагошког рада школе. Процес<br />самовредновања рада школе се детаљније одређује у односу на епистемолошку и<br />методолошку заснованост. Приказани су и детаљно анализирани Стандарди квалитета<br />васпитно-образовне установе који се примењују у процесу самовредновања рада школе.<br />Реализовано истраживање је емпиријско и претежно дескриптивног карактера.<br />Основни предмет овог истраживања је утврђивање и анализа ставова наставника о<br />утицају установљеног система самовредновања на квалитет педагошког рада школе,<br />као и развијање конкретних предлога промена у систему самовредновања педагошког<br />рада школе које утичу на континуирани развој и подизање квалитета рада школе.<br />Истраживањем је утврђено да наставници нису у довољној мери упознати са<br />Стандардима квалитета рада школе (школски програм и годишњи план рада, настава и<br />учење, образовна постигнућа ученика, подршка ученицима, етос, организација рада<br />школе и руковођење и ресурси) и не примењују континуирано процес самовредновања у<br />својој педагошкој пракси. Утврђено је да наставници процењују значај самовредновања<br />за унапређење квалитета рада школе и дају конкретне предлоге за побољшање<br />методологије овог процеса.<br />На основу анализе теоријског и истраживачког дела студије, начињен је низ<br />конкретних предлога са циљем унапређења испитиваних аспеката процеса<br />самовредновања рада школе</p> / <p>U ovom radu teorijski i istraživački se analizira pojam i proces<br />samovrednovanja kao segment uticaja na unapređenje kvaliteta pedagoškog rada škole.<br />U teorijskom delu rada utvrđuju se pojmovi kvaliteta, standarda, vrednovanja i<br />samovrednovanja i njihov međusobni odnos u sistemu pedagoškog rada škole. Proces<br />samovrednovanja rada škole se detaljnije određuje u odnosu na epistemološku i<br />metodološku zasnovanost. Prikazani su i detaljno analizirani Standardi kvaliteta<br />vaspitno-obrazovne ustanove koji se primenjuju u procesu samovrednovanja rada škole.<br />Realizovano istraživanje je empirijsko i pretežno deskriptivnog karaktera.<br />Osnovni predmet ovog istraživanja je utvrđivanje i analiza stavova nastavnika o<br />uticaju ustanovljenog sistema samovrednovanja na kvalitet pedagoškog rada škole,<br />kao i razvijanje konkretnih predloga promena u sistemu samovrednovanja pedagoškog<br />rada škole koje utiču na kontinuirani razvoj i podizanje kvaliteta rada škole.<br />Istraživanjem je utvrđeno da nastavnici nisu u dovoljnoj meri upoznati sa<br />Standardima kvaliteta rada škole (školski program i godišnji plan rada, nastava i<br />učenje, obrazovna postignuća učenika, podrška učenicima, etos, organizacija rada<br />škole i rukovođenje i resursi) i ne primenjuju kontinuirano proces samovrednovanja u<br />svojoj pedagoškoj praksi. Utvrđeno je da nastavnici procenjuju značaj samovrednovanja<br />za unapređenje kvaliteta rada škole i daju konkretne predloge za poboljšanje<br />metodologije ovog procesa.<br />Na osnovu analize teorijskog i istraživačkog dela studije, načinjen je niz<br />konkretnih predloga sa ciljem unapređenja ispitivanih aspekata procesa<br />samovrednovanja rada škole</p> / <p>This study deals with theoretical and research analyzes of concept and process of selfevaluation,<br />as an important part of influence on improving the quality of pedagogical work of<br />the school. In the theoretical part of study were defined the concepts of quality, standards,<br />assessment and self-evaluation and their relationship in the system of pedagogical school work.<br />The process of self-evaluation of school work in more detail was determined in relation to the<br />epistemological and methodological foundation. Standards of quality of educational<br />institutions were presented and analyzed in detail, that were applied in the process of selfevaluation<br />of school work.<br />The research was based mainly on empirical and descriptive method. The main object<br />of this research is the identification and analysis of teachers&#39; views on the impact of the<br />established system of self-evaluation on the quality of the educational work of the school, and<br />to develop concrete proposals of changes in the system of self-evaluation of pedagogical school<br />work affecting the continued development and improving the quality of school work.<br />The study found that teachers are not sufficiently familiar with the Standards of quality<br />of education (school program and annual working plan, teaching and learning, the educational<br />achievements of pupils, support for pupils, ethos, organization and management of school work<br />and resources) and do not apply continuous process of self-evaluation in their pedagogical<br />practice. It was found that teachers assess the importance of self-evaluation to improve the<br />quality of school work and give concrete proposals for improvement of the methodology of this<br />process.<br />Based on the analysis of theoretical studies and research work, this study made a series<br />of concrete proposals aimed at improving the investigated aspects of the process of selfevaluation<br />of school work.</p>

Two trigonal tritopic ligands with different conformational degree of freedom: conformationally labile H3tcbpa (tris((4-carboxyl)phenylduryl)amine) and conformationally obstructed H3hmbqa (4,4′,4′′-(4,4,8,8,12,12-hexamethyl-8,12-dihydro-4H-benzo[9,1]quino-lizino[3,4,5,6,7-defg]acridine-2,6,10-triyl)tribenzoic acid) are assembled with square-planar paddle-wheel nodes with the aim of selective engineering of the frameworks with tbo and pto underlying net topologies. In the case of H3tcbpa, both topological types were obtained forming non-interpenetrated MOFs namely DUT-63 (tbo) and DUT-64 (pto). Whereas synthesis of DUT-63 proceeds under typical conditions, formation of DUT-64 requires an additional topology directing reagent (topological modifier). Solvothermal treatment of the conformationally hindered H3hmbqa ligand with the Cu-salt results exclusively in DUT-77 material, based on the single pto net. The possibility to insert the salen based metallated pillar ligand into networks with pto topology post-synthetically results in DUT-78 and DUT-79 materials (both ith-d) and opens new horizons for post-synthetic insertion of catalytically active metals within the above-mentioned topological type of frameworks.

Neste trabalho são apresentados os estudos das condições de resposta de um diodo de Si, com estrutura de múltiplos anéis de guarda, na detecção e espectrometria de partículas alfa. Este diodo foi fabricado por meio do processo de implantação iônica (Al/p+/n/n+/Al) em um substrato de Si do tipo n com resistividade de 3 kohm•cm, 300 mícrons de espessura e área útil de 4 mm2. Para usar este diodo como detector, a face n+ deste dispositivo foi polarizada reversamente, o primeiro anel de guarda aterrado e os sinais elétricos extraídos da face p+. Estes sinais eram enviados diretamente a um pré-amplificador desenvolvido em nosso laboratório, baseado no emprego do circuito híbrido A250 da Amptek, seguido da eletrônica nuclear convencional. Os resultados obtidos com este sistema na detecção direta de partículas alfa do Am-241evidenciaram excelente estabilidade de resposta com uma elevada eficiência de detecção (= 100 %). O desempenho deste diodo na espectrometria de partículas alfa foi estudado priorizando-se a influência da tensão de polarização, do ruído eletrônico, da temperatura e da distância fonte-detector na resolução em energia. Os resultados mostraram que a maior contribuição para a deterioração deste parâmetro é devida à espessura da camada morta do diodo (1 mícron). No entanto, mesmo em temperatura ambiente, a resolução medida (FWHM = 18,8 keV) para as partículas alfa de 5485,6 keV (Am-241) é comparável àquelas obtidas com detectores convencionais de barreira de superfície freqüentemente utilizados em espectrometria destas partículas. / In this work are presented the studies about the response of a multi-structure guard rings silicon diode for detection and spectrometry of alpha particles. This ion-implanted diode (Al/p+/n/n+/Al) was processed out of 300 micrometers thick, n type substrate with a resistivity of 3 kohm•cm and an active area of 4 mm2. In order to use this diode as a detector, the bias voltage was applied on the n+ side, the first guard ring was grounded and the electrical signals were readout from the p+ side. These signals were directly sent to a tailor made preamplifier, based on the hybrid circuit A250 (Amptek), followed by a conventional nuclear electronic. The results obtained with this system for the direct detection of alpha particles from Am-241 showed an excellent response stability with a high detection efficiency (= 100 %). The performance of this diode for alpha particle spectrometry was studied and it was prioritized the influence of the polarization voltage, the electronic noise, the temperature and the source-diode distance on the energy resolution. The results showed that the major contribution for the deterioration of this parameter is due to the diode dead layer thickness (1 micrometer). However, even at room temperature, the energy resolution (FWHM = 18.8 keV) measured for the 5485.6 MeV alpha particles (Am-241) is comparable to those obtained with ordinary silicon barrier detectors frequently used for these particles spectrometry.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:11:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leila Ortiz Tavares Costa.pdf: 1520733 bytes, checksum: 74301f0a30926b4f0ee01e5dac4753e1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The Royal Academy of Dance (RAD) produces multimedia material to disseminate itself all over the world. The Brazil gets a part where RAD is in action. This multimedia material puts together websites www.rad.co.uk, www.radacadabra.org, www.benesh.org, www.geneeballetcompetition.com, www.youngdances.org.uk end www.royalacademyofdance.com.br, CDs, DVDs, the Dance Gazette magazine (three edition in each year), Diary (four edition in each year), the syllabus of RAD (1991) and the books: The Foundation of Classical Ballet Technique (1997), Body Basic (1991) and Music in Dance Studio (1993) and some informative. It is purposing to study that complete multimedia material who the RAD uses to disseminate itself in the Brazil, this research make use of HP methodology hermeneutic of depth (THOMPSON, 2009) to analyse these different medias into the symbolic issues of production and reception from structural context. The aim is to demonstrate powerful potential contamination that RAD organized by your multimedia option giving emphasis in the other kind of media, not explicitly included in the multimedia material: the teacher of RAD. Proposing the teacher of RAD like a bodymedia (KATZ &GREINER, 2001, 2005, 2010) who disseminates the same information like the others medias giving effectiveness exponential for them into dissemination. Understanding the reception like a creative action, here is the reflection about teacher of RAD like a communication mechanism of power that gives potential to stabilize into students bodies asymmetric relation of power. The hypothesis is the teacher of RAD mediates specific knowledge (in the way of English to dance) that legitimizes structural of social class from neo-liberalism. How it despises the relation body-environment without getting the flow exchange of information who body is characterized (KATZ & GREINER), and getting communication model inputprocessing- output the teacher of RAD is like actuator of inputs that produces genuine in the way of English to dance without local construction potential of body (SANTOS, 2006). From this design, the research proposes coexistence between practical movement of both, teacher and student, guide by reflection that the teacher of RAD puts in motion colonial action when doesn t proposing exchange with environment (SANTOS, 2010; CANCLINI, 2007; HALL, 1997) and, in this action that operates the imposition to become yourself potential operator of biopolitcs / A Royal Academy of Dance (RAD) produz um material plurimidiático para difundirse em todo o mundo. O Brasil faz parte do mundo onde a RAD atua. Esse material plurimidiático reúne seis sites ( www.rad.co.uk, www.radacadabra.org, www.benesh.org, www.geneeballetcompetition.com, www.youngdances.org.uk e www.royalacademyofdance.com.br) CDs, DVDs, uma revista com três edições no ano (Dance Gazette), um informativo com quatro edições ao ano (Diary), e livros (Syllabus 1991; The Foundations of Classical Ballet Technique, 1997; Body Basic ,1991; e Music in the Dance Studio, 1993), além de informativos esporádicos. Objetivando estudar esse conjunto diverso de mídias que a RAD emprega para a sua divulgação no Brasil, esta pesquisa aplica a metodologia de HP hermenêutica de profundidade (THOMPSON, 2009) para analisar estas diferentes mídias nos seus aspectos de produção e recepção simbólica, com enfoque de contexto estrutural. Tem como objetivo demonstrar o poderoso potencial de contaminação que a RAD organizou com a sua opção plurimidiática, dando ênfase a um outro tipo de mídia, não incluído explicitamente entre os materiais distribuídos. A pesquisa foca no professor, propondo-o como um corpomídia (KATZ & GREINER, 2001, 2005, 2010) das mesmas informações divulgadas nas outras mídias, mas com uma eficiência exponencial na sua transmissão. Entendendo a recepção como uma ação criativa, aqui se propõe a reflexão sobre o corpo do professor da RAD como um dispositivo de comunicação (FOUCAULT, 2009) que potencializa a estabilização de relações assimétricas de poder no corpo-aluno. A hipótese é a de que o corpo do professor media um saber (o modo inglês de se dançar) que legitima a estrutura de classes do neo-liberalismo. Na medida em que despreza a relação corpoambiente, sem levar em conta o fluxo inestancável de troca que o caracteriza (KATZ & GREINER), e adota o modelo de comunicação do input-processamento-output, o corpoprofessor da RAD se apresenta como o acionador dos inputs que produzirão o legítimo modo inglês de dançar, ignorando a potencialidade corporal localmente construída (SANTOS, 2006). A partir dessa configuração, a pesquisa propõe a necessidade de coexistência entre as práticas de movimentos corporais do professor e dos alunos, norteada pela reflexão de que a ação desse corpo do professor se configura como colonial quando não se propõe a trocar com o ambiente (SANTOS, 2010; CANCLINI, 2007; HALL, 1997) e, nessa ação impositiva, se inscreve como operador potente na biopolítica (AGAMBEN, 2009)

<p>U ovoj doktorskoj disertaciji razvijena je tehnika upravljanja za<br />pretvarač energetske elektronike pri nesimetričnim naponskim<br />prilikama u elektroenergetskom sistemu. Kao što je pokazano,<br />primenom tehnike poništavanja signala kašnjenjem moguće je<br />izdvajanje komponenti struje inverznog redosleda i njihovo<br />potpuno poništenje, što će omogućiti pouzdanu kontrolu<br />komponenti struje direktnog redosleda upotrebom klasičnih<br />tehnika upraljanja, uz adekvatno unapređenje tehnike za<br />sinhronizaciju sa vektorskim reprezentom napona. Predložena<br />je i upotreba algoritama za poboljšanje parametara kvaliteta<br />električne energije bez dodatnih pasivnih elemenata.</p> / <p>This PhD thesis presents an improved control technique for grid<br />connected converter under asymmetrical voltages at the point of<br />common coupling. As presented, using delay signal cancellation<br />technique it is possible to differentiate and completely mitigate the<br />negative sequence current, offering the possibility of reliable positive<br />sequence current control using classical control algorithms. The<br />improvements made in synchronization offered adequate<br />phase angle estimation under voltage asymmetry. Furthermore, a<br />technique for the improvement of power quality indices without<br />passive elements between the grid and</p>

Neste trabalho são apresentados os estudos das condições de resposta de um diodo de Si, com estrutura de múltiplos anéis de guarda, na detecção e espectrometria de partículas alfa. Este diodo foi fabricado por meio do processo de implantação iônica (Al/p+/n/n+/Al) em um substrato de Si do tipo n com resistividade de 3 kohm•cm, 300 mícrons de espessura e área útil de 4 mm2. Para usar este diodo como detector, a face n+ deste dispositivo foi polarizada reversamente, o primeiro anel de guarda aterrado e os sinais elétricos extraídos da face p+. Estes sinais eram enviados diretamente a um pré-amplificador desenvolvido em nosso laboratório, baseado no emprego do circuito híbrido A250 da Amptek, seguido da eletrônica nuclear convencional. Os resultados obtidos com este sistema na detecção direta de partículas alfa do Am-241evidenciaram excelente estabilidade de resposta com uma elevada eficiência de detecção (= 100 %). O desempenho deste diodo na espectrometria de partículas alfa foi estudado priorizando-se a influência da tensão de polarização, do ruído eletrônico, da temperatura e da distância fonte-detector na resolução em energia. Os resultados mostraram que a maior contribuição para a deterioração deste parâmetro é devida à espessura da camada morta do diodo (1 mícron). No entanto, mesmo em temperatura ambiente, a resolução medida (FWHM = 18,8 keV) para as partículas alfa de 5485,6 keV (Am-241) é comparável àquelas obtidas com detectores convencionais de barreira de superfície freqüentemente utilizados em espectrometria destas partículas. / In this work are presented the studies about the response of a multi-structure guard rings silicon diode for detection and spectrometry of alpha particles. This ion-implanted diode (Al/p+/n/n+/Al) was processed out of 300 micrometers thick, n type substrate with a resistivity of 3 kohm•cm and an active area of 4 mm2. In order to use this diode as a detector, the bias voltage was applied on the n+ side, the first guard ring was grounded and the electrical signals were readout from the p+ side. These signals were directly sent to a tailor made preamplifier, based on the hybrid circuit A250 (Amptek), followed by a conventional nuclear electronic. The results obtained with this system for the direct detection of alpha particles from Am-241 showed an excellent response stability with a high detection efficiency (= 100 %). The performance of this diode for alpha particle spectrometry was studied and it was prioritized the influence of the polarization voltage, the electronic noise, the temperature and the source-diode distance on the energy resolution. The results showed that the major contribution for the deterioration of this parameter is due to the diode dead layer thickness (1 micrometer). However, even at room temperature, the energy resolution (FWHM = 18.8 keV) measured for the 5485.6 MeV alpha particles (Am-241) is comparable to those obtained with ordinary silicon barrier detectors frequently used for these particles spectrometry.

Keynote address delivered at the Archives Association of British Columbia in May 1998.

<p>The capacity of marine organisms to adapt to natural and anthropogenic stressors is an integral component of ocean health. Harmful algal blooms (HABs), which are one of many growing threats in coastal marine ecosystems, represent a historically present natural stressor that has recently intensified and expanded in geographic distribution partially due to anthropogenic activities. In the Gulf of Mexico, HABs of <italic>Karenia brevis</italic> occur almost annually and produce neurotoxic brevetoxins that have been associated with large-scale mortality events of many marine species, including the common bottlenose dolphin (<italic>Tursiops truncatus</italic>). The factors resulting in large-scale dolphin mortality associated with HABs are not well understood, particularly in regards to the seemingly different impacts of HABs in geographically disjunct dolphin populations. My dissertation investigates a genetic basis for resistance to HABs in bottlenose dolphins in central-west Florida and the Florida Panhandle. I used both genome-wide and candidate gene approaches to analyze genetic variation in dolphins that died putatively due to brevetoxicosis and live dolphins from the same geographic areas that survived HAB events. Using restriction site-associated DNA sequencing, I identified genetic variation that suggested both a common genetic basis for resistance to HABs in bottlenose dolphins across the Gulf coast of Florida and regionally specific resistance. Many candidate genes involved in the immune, nervous, and detoxification systems were found in close genomic proximity to survival-associated polymorphisms throughout the bottlenose dolphin genome. I further investigated two groups of candidate genes, nine voltage-gated sodium channel genes selected because of their putative role in brevetoxin binding and four major histocompatibility complex (MHC) loci selected because of their genomic proximity to a polymorphism exhibiting a strong association with survival. I found little variation in the sodium channel genes and conclude that bottlenose dolphins have not evolved resistance to HABs via mutations in the toxin binding site. The immunologically relevant MHC loci were highly variable and exhibited patterns of genetic differentiation among geographic regions that differed from neutral loci; however, genetic variation at the MHC also could not fully explain variation in survival of bottlenose dolphins exposed to HABs. In my final chapter, I consider the advantages and drawbacks of the genome-wide approach in comparison to a candidate gene approach and, as laid out in my dissertation, I recommend using both complementary approaches in future investigations of adaptation in genome-enabled non-model organisms.</p> / Dissertation

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:54:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RichellyCD_DISSERT.pdf: 2320293 bytes, checksum: 0a60ecea735c1b5c6fe1a9d05e141fe9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-06 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Contamination by complex mixtures of various origins has been explored and studied for decades. Radon is a naturally occurring environmental contaminant that causes carcinogenic effects. These emissions can cause mutations in the lung tissue, which can initiate a carcinogenic process. Thus the dam Creek Falls, located in the municipality of Lajes Pintadas, was chosen for the development of this study, since cancer rates in the region reach 9% of the population annually, with this, the main objective of this study was evaluate the mutagenicity and toxicity of Riacho da Cachoeira damunder the influence of radon. The methodology ecotoxicological tests were performed with Ceriodaphinia dubia, as well as tests with Tradescantia pallida genotoxicologicos and Oreochromis niloticus. To understand how the population of Pintadas Slabs realizes the environment, we performed a study of environmental perception. The test results indicated that the reservoir water is toxic to test organimos exposed, found heavy metals, chloride, total and fecal coliforms as well as radon levels above the maximum allowed under Brazilian law. These results can be justified because it is so complex samples composed of different compounds that interact only with each other or causing synergistic effects. It was concluded that the dam Creek Waterfall, is contaminated with radon, as well as heavy metals, coliforms and chloride, causing toxic effects to the natural community. Thus, further studies should be performed with the human population of the region, to verify that the high rates of cancer in the population of the municipality may be linked to the presence of natural radiation. Thus, it is expected that the competent bodies that administer the municipality of Lajes Pintadas take reasonable steps to minimize risks and ensure the health of the community that still makes use of the weir / A contamina??o por misturas complexas de origens diversas vem sendo explorada e estudada por d?cadas. O rad?nio ? um contaminante ambiental de origem natural, que provoca efeitos carcinog?nicos. Estas emiss?es podem levar as muta??es no tecido do pulm?o, que podem iniciar um processo carcinog?nico. Assim o a?ude Riacho da Cachoeira, localizado no munic?pio de Lajes Pintadas, foi escolhido para o desenvolvimento do presente estudo, j? que h? altas taxas de c?ncer na regi?o que chegam a 9% da popula??o, anualmente, com isso, o objetivo principal do presente estudo foi avaliar a mutagenicidade e toxicidade do a?ude Riacho da Cachoeira sob a influ?ncia do Rad?nio. Como metodologia, foram realizados ensaios ecotoxicologicos com Ceriodaphinia dubia, assim como ensaios genotoxicologicos com Tradescantia pallida e Oreochromis niloticus. Para entender como a popula??o de Lajes Pintadas percebe o meio ambiente, foi realizado um estudo de percep??o ambiental. Os resultados dos ensaios indicaram que a ?gua do a?ude ? toxica aos organimos-teste expostos, foram encontrados metais pesados, cloreto, coliformes totais e fecais assim como os n?veis de rad?nio acima dos limites m?ximos permitidos segundo a legisla??o brasileira. Os resultados encontrados podem ser justificados pelo fato de se tratar de amostras complexas constitu?das assim de diferentes compostos que interagem s? ou entre si causando efeitos sin?rgicos. Concluiu-se que o a?ude Riacho da Cachoeira, est? contaminado com rad?nio, assim como por metais pesados, coliformes e cloreto, causando efeitos toxicol?gicos ? comunidade natural. Assim, novos estudos devem ser realizados com a popula??o humana da regi?o, para verificar se os altos ?ndices de c?ncer na popula??o do munic?pio podem estar ligados a presen?a da radia??o natural. Desta forma, espera-se que os ?rg?os competentes que administram o munic?pio de Lajes Pintadas tomem medidas cab?veis para assegurar e minimizar os riscos a sa?de da comunidade que ainda faz uso do a?ude