Syftet med detta arbete var att utvärdera förbättringsmöjligheterna i projektorganisationers beslutsprocesser så att deras leveranser kan följa en övergripande metod. Vidare skall det kunna användas inom olika organisationsmodeller, såsom offentliga, privata men också inom offentlig- privat samverkan. Målet har varit att påvisa skillnader i leveransernas kvalitet samt demografiska skillnader med utgångspunkt från den övergripande metoden.    En kvalitativ undersökning i form av en fallstudie har gjorts på Trafikverket på avdelningen Investering-Teknik & Miljö där den interna metoden för bedömning av omgivningspåverkan för projekt utan planläggning har analyserats med avseende på kvalitet och regionala skillnader. En dokumentstudie av 25 projekt från Trafikverkets sex regioner samt semistrukturerade intervjuer med projektdeltagare visade på en stor spridning och variation i både kvalitet, prioritering av redovisning samt regionala skillnader. Resultatets spridning och variation beror troligtvis på att projektens beslut huvudsakligen har fattats på intuitiva grunder samt att den övergripande  metoden uppfattats och tolkats olika. Så är även fallet om man jämför de olika regionerna.    Den viktigaste insikten i denna undersökning är vikten av att använda en rationell beslutsmodell för att på så sätt få projekten att konsekvent och genomgående använda och redovisa alla de delar och moment som finns med i metoden. Med ett digitalt system för motivering och redovisning av de olika delarna skulle det bli lättare att styra och jämföra projekten på regional och nationell bas. / The purpose of this thesis has been to evaluate the improvement opportunities in project organizations' decision-making processes so that their deliveries can follow an overall approach. Furthermore, it may be used in different organizational models, such as public, private but also in public-private partnerships. The objectives have been to investigate differences in delivery quality as well as demographic differences based on the overall method.  A qualitative survey in the form of a case study has been carried out at the Swedish Transport Administration at the Investment-Technology & Environment Department, where the internal method for Assessing the environmental impact of projects without planning has been analyzed in terms of quality and regional differences. A document study of 25 projects from the Swedish Transport Administration's six regions and semi structured interviews with project participants showed a wide spread and variation in both quality, prioritization of presentation and regional differences. The spread and variation of the results is probably due to the fact that the decisions of the projects are mainly taken on intuitive grounds, and that the overall method has been perceived and interpreted differently. This is also the case when comparing the different regions.  The most important insight from this study is the importance of using a rational decision-making model in order to get the projects to consistently use and present all the parts and elements included in the method. With a digital system for motivating and reporting the different parts, it would be easier to control and compare projects on a regional and national basis.

Previous studies of the Swedish real estate market regarding priorities and investment processes are scarce. This is because when the area has been studied, it has taken place in markets outside of Sweden and therefore cannot be seen as directly comparable. The purpose of this study is to investigate which factors differ, or do not differ, between medium- sized and large real estate companies in investment processes, and how these factors are prioritized. The study also aims to investigate how the valuation process of a rental property takes place between medium-sized and large property companies. The study is an exploratory comparative study where an abductive method has been used. Primary data has been collected through semi-structured interviews. After this, a thematic analysis has been carried out in the comparative analysis. The study's results showed that there were no major differences between medium- sized and large real estate companies regarding valuation methods. The study did not find any single factor that was considered the most important. However, the study found other similarities and differences that were not intended to be investigated. To create a basic understanding of how real estate valuation processes in carried out in Östergötland and what differs in this process between large and medium- sized real estate companies.