Submitted by YEMALL ALEXANDER MAIGUAL ENRIQUEZ (alex.feisunesp@gmail.com) on 2018-05-08T00:18:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE MBBR-ICT-7-MAY-2018.pdf: 5856438 bytes, checksum: f1c36146463af4ee146d48da7c3be308 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Bruna Bacalgini null (bruna@sorocaba.unesp.br) on 2018-05-08T14:17:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 enriquez_yam_dr_soro.pdf: 5856438 bytes, checksum: f1c36146463af4ee146d48da7c3be308 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-08T14:17:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 enriquez_yam_dr_soro.pdf: 5856438 bytes, checksum: f1c36146463af4ee146d48da7c3be308 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A aquicultura é uma atividade de produção de espécies hidrobiológicas sob condições controladas. Esta atividade tem evoluído nos processos produtivos, mas estão gerando águas residuárias, quando lançadas diretamente nos corpos de água constituindo riscos potenciais à saúde. O reator de leito móvel com biofilme (MBBR) é uma variação do processo de lodos ativados. É um sistema de tratamento de efluentes que contem biofilme que cresce aderida aos suportes, que se movem livremente no volume do reator. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi determinar a eficiência na remoção de material, nitrogenado no MBBR dos efluentes gerados num sistema de recirculação para aquicultura “SRA”. O sistema MBBR com circulação (SC) - e com aeração (SA) obteve remoções medias de 38,7% para Nitrogênio Total Kjedahl (NTK), 28,9% de fósforo total, 44,5% de DBO, Nitrogênio Amoniacal Total (NAT) de 40% e 38,9% para amônia não ionizada e para nitrito foi 59,3%. Os sólidos Totais (ST), Sólidos Suspensos Totais (SST) e Sólidos Voláteis Totais (SVT) tiveram remoções de 28,0%, 45,9% e 57,4% respectivamente. Durante o período avaliado houve aumento do biofilme nos dois reatores. No MBBR-SA foi verificada a presença de protozoários, microinvertebrados e estruturas filamentosas semelhantes a estreptococos. No MBBR-SC, bactérias na forma de cocos, diplococos e estreptococos. Nas analises realizadas com MEV nos lodos dos dois sistemas foi encontrado traços de silício, alumínio, zinco, fósforo, sódio e magnésio. Também foi encontrado bactérias do tipo vibrio spp, bacilus spp, além da formação de aglomerados. As analises térmicas feitas nos lodos indicaram que houve perda de umidade até os 150°C. A maior parte da massa se perde entre 220°C e 580°C, faixa onde sofrem transformação térmica as proteínas, lipídeos, carboidratos, ácidos graxos, restos de paredes celulares bacterianas. Após os 600°C existe o restante, as cinzas são compostas por carbonatos e outros minerais transformando-se em matérias cristalinos, com baixa variação na massa. / Aquaculture is an activity of production of hydrobiological species under controlled conditions. These activities have evolved in the productive processes, but are producing wastewater, when thrown directly into bodies of water constituting potential health risks. The moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) is a variation of the activated sludge process. It is an effluent treatment system containing biofilm growing attached to the carriers, which move freely in the reactor volume. The aim of this research was to determine the efficiency in the removal of nitrogenous compounds in MBBR from the effluents generated in a recirculating aquaculture system "RAS". The MBBR system with circulation (CS) - and with aeration (AS) obtained mean removals of 38.7% for NTK, 28.9% of total phosphorus, 44.5% of BOD, 40% TAN and 38.9% for non-ionized ammonia and for nitrite was 59.3%. Total Solids (TS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS) and Total Volatile Solids (TSV) had removals of 28.0%, 45.9% and 57.4% respectively. During the evaluated period there was an increase of biofilm in the two reactors. In the MBBR-AS the presence of protozoa, microinvertebrates and filamentous structures similar to streptococcus was verified. Also, in MBBR-CS was verified coccus, diplococcus and streptococcus bacteria. In the analyzes performed with SEM in the sludge of the two systems, traces of silicon, aluminum, zinc, phosphorus, sodium and magnesium. Vibrio and bacillus type bacteria were present and besides granule formation. Thermal analyzes indicated that there was in the sludge moisture loss until 150°C. Most of the mass is loss between 220°C and 580°C, where they undergo thermal transformation of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, fatty acids, remains of bacterial cell walls. After the 600°C the ashes are composed of carbonates and other minerals transforming into crystalline materials, with low mass variation. / CAPES: 12616-13-3

O presente trabalho reúne elementos teóricos e experimentais envolvendo os principais fenômenos hidráulicos causadores de danos em bombas hidráulicas de fluxo radial de grande porte. A preocupação do texto está centrada em proporcionar um aprofundamento técnico acerca destes fenômenos hidráulicos de cavitação, a fim de contribuir na análise e solução de problemas em sistemas de bombeamento. Além disso, este trabalho tem a pretensão de transmitir alguma experiência prática fornecida por um evento em que foi detectada a ocorrência de dois destes fenômenos hidráulicos simultâneos em um sistema de bombeamento e a partir disso, realizou-se a análise completa deste evento, incluindo as propostas de solução aos problemas encontrados, as análises técnica e econômica das alternativas de solução e a análise após a implantação da proposta escolhida. O texto apresenta também uma grande quantidade de gráficos e figuras que buscam facilitar a compreensão das definições e das análises dos fenômenos hidráulicos, além de exemplificar os danos típicos dos fenômenos pela visualização direta destes danos nas bombas. / This work presents theoretical and experimental data on the principal hydraulic phenomena responsible for damage in high loaded radial flow hydraulic pumps. The main objective is to provide a technical overview in order to contribute for the analysis and solution on these cavitation pumping systems problems. In addition this work intends to transmit practical experience through a “study of case” where two simultaneous of these hydraulic phenomena were detected. The complete analysis of technical and economical aspects of the alternatives solutions is presented including a great amount of graphs and illustrations that better explain the phenomena of cavitation in hydraulic pumps.

nÃo hà / Os efluentes de cultivo intensivo contÃm elevadas concentraÃÃes de nutrientes dissolvidos, principalmente amÃnia, alÃm de outros sÃlidos em suspensÃo. O objetivo desse trabalho foi utilizar a aqÃicultura integrada com sedimentaÃÃo, ostras e macroalgas para melhorar a qualidade da Ãgua proveniente de um cultivo de tilÃpias em Ãgua salgada. A Ãgua dos peixes foi distribuÃda em trÃs aquÃrios para sedimentaÃÃo por 24 horas. Em seguida, a Ãgua foi transferida para trÃs aquÃrios com ostras, por igual perÃodo de 24 horas. Posteriormente, a Ãgua das ostras foi transferida para trÃs aquÃrios com macroalgas por mais 24 horas. Finalmente, a Ãgua das macroalgas retornou para os aquÃrios com os peixes. Diariamente, foram avaliados a turbidez da Ãgua e as concentraÃÃes de amÃnia, nitratos, nitritos e fosfatos. O sistema foi eficiente em reduzir significativamente a turbidez e os nÃveis de amÃnia e fosfatos da Ãgua. Os nÃveis de nitratos e nitritos sà foram reduzidos na sedimentaÃÃo, apÃs a estabilizaÃÃo do sistema. i / Intensive culture effluents have high levels of dissolved nutrients mainly ammonia and others suspended solids. The objective of this work was to use integrated aquaculture with fishes, sedimentation, oysters and macroalgae to improve water quality from a salt water tilapia culture. The fishes water was distributed in three sedimentation aquariums to a 24 h period. Then, water was removed to three oysters aquariums to a equal 24 h period. Later, oysters water was removed to three macroalgae aquariums to more 24 h. Finally, macroalgae water returned to the fishes aquariums. Water turbidity and ammonia, nitrates, nitrites and phosphates concentrations were determined daily. The system was efficient to significantly reduce turbidity and ammonia and phosphates water levels. Nitrates and nitrites levels only were reduced during the sedimentation after system stabilization

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da velocidade ascensional de recirculação e da estratégia de alimentação na eficiência de um reator anaeróbio com biomassa imobilizada operado em bateladas seqüenciais tratando efluentes provenientes de um laticínio de pequeno porte. Avaliaram-se três condições operacionais com valores de velocidade de 0,2 m.h-1, 3,8 m.h-1 e 6,4 m.h-1, com tempo de ciclo de 48 horas. Finda esta etapa, avaliou-se a influência do volume tratado na eficiência do sistema. Nesta avaliação, o tempo de ciclo foi de 24 horas e estudaram-se duas condições experimentais, nas quais diariamente o reator era alimentado com 50% e 67% de seu volume. O reator, com volume total de 1000 L, foi instalado em área próxima ao laticínio. O suporte (\"biobob\") utilizado para imobilização da biomassa foi um enchimento plástico preenchido com espuma de poliuretano. A alimentação foi feita com efluentes oriundos do laticínio escola da Prefeitura do Campus USP Pirassununga - PUSP-P com carga orgânica variável, de acordo com suas atividades. O monitoramento do reator foi realizado através de análises de demanda química de oxigênio (DQO) em amostras filtradas em membrana de poro 1,2 µm e brutas, nitrogênio total Kjedahl e amoniacal, alcalinidade a bicarbonat o e ácidos voláteis totais. Verificada a estabilidade do sistema, realizaram-se amostragens temporais para medida de concentração de substratos e metabólitos intermediários. A biomassa oriunda do inóculo e do reator nas três primeiras condições experimentais foi analisada através de exames de microscopia de contraste de luz e fluorescência, análises de biologia molecular e atividade metanogênica específica. O período total de monitoramento no estudo da influência da velocidade ascensional de recirculação fo i de 570 dias. As eficiências médias de remoção de matéria orgânica em amostras brutas foram 82 ± 11 %; 84 ± 9%; 87 ± 9 %, quando as velocidades foram de 0,2 m.h-1, 3,8 m.h-1 e 6,4 m.h-1, respectivamente. As eficiências médias de remoção de matéria orgânica em amostras filtradas foram 82 ± 9%; 83 ± 13 %; 87 ± 9 %, quando as velocidades foram de 0,2 m.h-1, 3,8 m.h-1 e 6,4 m.h-1, respectivamente. Não foram verificadas diferenças significativas entre as eficiências de remoção de matéria orgânica à medida que a velocidade ascensional aumentou, todavia percebeu-se diminuição no desvio padrão de tal parâmetro, favorecimento no processo de geração e consumo de ácidos e aumento na velocidade de conversão da matéria orgânica. Os resultados das análises de biologia molecular demonstraram que a biomassa se modificou adaptando-se ao efluente, mas apresentando pouca variação entre as duas últimas condições operacionais. Quando o tempo de ciclo foi diminuído para 24 horas, e o sistema alimentado com 50% e 67% de seu volum e reacional, também não se verificou diferenças significativas em relação à eficiência de remoção de matéria orgânica, todavia a última condição operacional a que proporcionou maior volume de efluente tratado por dia. Conclui-se que o ASBBR foi eficiente, robusto e confiável para o tratamento de efluentes de laticínios nas condições de operações testadas. / The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of the recirculation rate and feed strategy on the efficiency of an Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor - ASBBR -treating effluents from a small dairy industry. Three operational conditions were studied in which the recirculation rate was 0.2 m.h-1, 3.8 m.h-1 e 6.4 m.h-1 and the cycle time was 48 h. When this assay was finished, the cycle time was decreased to 24 hours and two operational conditions were studied, in which the reactor was fed with 50% and 67% of its reaction volume, respectively. The reactor with total volume of 1000L was assembled in an area closed to the dairy. The biomass was immobilized in plastic supports containing polyurethane foam. The reactor was fed by effluents from the dairy school ( Prefeitura do Campus USP Pirassununga - PUSP-P) with organic loading rate variable according to the operations occurred in the plant. The system was monitored through chemical oxygen demand (COD) analyses, and measurements of nitrogen, alkalinity and volatile acids concentrations. When stability was verified, temporal profiles of substrate and metabolites concentrations were obtained. The biomass from the inoculum and from the reactor (operational conditions 1, 2 and 3) was analyzed through microscopic exams, molecular biology analyses and specific methanogenic activity assays. The monitoring period for the study of the influence of the recirculation rate lasted 570 days. The average efficiencies of organic matter removal were 82 ± 11 %; 84 ± 9%; 87 ± 9 %, when the velocities were 0.2 m.h-1, 3.8 m.h-1 e 6.4 m.h-1, respectively. The average efficiencies of organic matter removal in filtrated samples were 82 ± 9%; 83 ± 13 %; 87 ± 9 % when the velocities were 0.2 m.h-1, 3.8 m.h-1 e 6.4 m.h-1, respectively. Statistic differences were not verified; nevertheless it was possible to observe that the values of standard errors decreased, the production and consumption of the volatile acids improved and the rate of organic matter removal increased when the velocity was rose. The results from the molecular biology analyses showed that the biomass changed and adapted to the treatment conditions, presenting low variation along the last condition. When the cycle time was decreased to 24 hours, and the system was fed with 50% and 67%, statistic difference among the efficiencies were again not observed, nevertheless, the latter condition resulted in the highest daily treated volume. It was possible to conclude that the ASBBR was efficient, robust and reliable in treating dairy effluents at the practiced conditions.

Dans le contexte actuel de raréfaction de l'eau, une meilleure efficacité de l'utilisation de l'eau est essentielle pour maintenir une croissance économique durable. En France, en période ordinaire, 48% d'eau est utilisé pour l'irrigation. Ce pourcentage augmente jusqu'à 79% en période d'été. Cela souligne la nécessité d'utiliser des méthodes d'irrigation performantes. La micro-irrigation offre la meilleure efficience, cependant, son utilisation n'est pas très répandue. Dans le monde, ce système ne couvre que 3% des terres irriguées et 5% en France, du fait de la sensibilité de ce système au colmatage, ce qui augmente le coût de son installation et de sa maintenance. Ce colmatage est fortement lié aux faibles sections de passage du distributeur de micro-irrigation. En effet, un labyrinthe constitué de chicanes est généralement inséré dans les distributeurs. Les chicanes existantes, qui jouent un rôle important pour générer des pertes de pression et assurent la régulation du débit sur le réseau d'irrigation, produisent des zones de recirculation où la vitesse est faible voire nulle. Ces zones de recirculation favorisent le dépôt de particules ou autre développement biochimique provoquant le colmatage du goutteur. La caractérisation de la topologie de l'écoulement dans le labyrinthe du goutteur doit être décrite pour analyser la sensibilité du goutteur au colmatage qui réduit considérablement ses performances.Des expériences utilisant la micro-PIV et un ensemencement avec des particules de 1 µm sont menées sur dix motifs répétitifs pour analyser les régions qui peuvent être sensibles au colmatage. Un goutteur fonctionne avec un débit faible, et la section transversale du labyrinthe est d'environ 1mm2. Le nombre de Reynolds varie de 400 à 800. Ainsi, cette étude expérimentale permet d'analyser le régime d'écoulement et son influence. Un algorithme de traitement est développé pour obtenir la moyenne et les fluctuations des vitesses. Une attention particulière est apportée à la validation de la technique micro-PIV et aux courbes débit-pression qui quantifient la performance globale du goutteur. Plusieurs modèles de turbulence, implémentés dans ANSYS/Fluent, sont utilisés pour modéliser l'écoulement au sein du labyrinthe. Les résultats des expériences de micro-PIV et des modélisations sont comparés afin de valider le modèle numérique. Puis, des méthodes avancées d’analyses tourbillonnaires ont été utilisées pour détecter précisément la vorticité et les zones de recirculations. L'objectif global de ce manuscrit est d'identifier le meilleur modèle qui permettra ensuite de prédire et analyser les zones sensibles au colmatage afin de les réduire grâce à l'optimisation de géométrie. / In the present context of increasing water scarcity, a better water use efficiency is essential to maintain a sustainable economical growth. Moreover, water use efficiency covers also important environmental and social issues. Micro-irrigation system has the best water efficiency, nevertheless, its use is not much widespread. In the world, this system covers only 3 % of land irrigated against 4% in France, as this system is sensitive to clogging, which increases the installation cost.The baffle-fitted labyrinth-channel is largely used in micro-irrigation systems. The existing baffles, which play an important role for generating pressure losses and ensure the flow regulation on the irrigation network, produce vorticities where the velocity is low or zero. These vorticities favor the deposition of particles or other biochemical development causing emitter clogging. Flow topology characterization in the labyrinth-channel of emitter must be described to analyze emitter clogging sensibility which drastically reduces its performance.Micro-PIV experiments, using 1µm particles, are conducted on ten-pattern repeating baffles to characterize the labyrinth-channel flow and to analyze regions which can be sensitive to clogging. An emitter works with a weak flow rate, and the labyrinth-channel cross-section is about 1 mm2 Reynolds number varies from 400 to 800. So, this experimental investigation allows analyzing the flow regime and its influence. A treatment algorithm is developed to get the mean and fluctuating velocities. Advanced swirl analysis method is adapted to precisely detect the vorticity. Particular attention is focused on the technique acquisition and on pressure losses curves accuracy in the labyrinth-channel flow since this curve represents the emitter global performance.Several turbulent models, implemented in ANSYS/Fluent, are used to perform modelling of the labyrinth-channel geometry. The micro-PIV and modeling results comparisons are presented in order to validate numerical model. The global objective of this manuscript is to identify the best model which allows to predict and analyze the sensitive areas in order to reduce them thanks to geometry optimization.

Avec 67 Mt de fumiers de bovins récupérés chaque année, la France possède un gisement considérable de substrats agricoles mobilisables et valorisables par méthanisation. Le procédé de méthanisation par voie sèche, discontinu, avec recirculation de lixiviat semble être le mieux adapté à la valorisation de ce type de substrats à forte teneur en matière sèche (>20%). A l’heure actuelle, ce procédé est cependant rare sur le territoire. Afin de permettre et de pérenniser le développement de cette technologie, des verrous techniques et scientifiques doivent être levés, notamment ceux qui portent sur la recirculation des lixiviats. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’optimiser le procédé de méthanisation par voie sèche appliquée aux effluents agricoles (principalement fumiers de bovins), afin d’atteindre les conditions les plus favorables à la production d’un maximum de biogaz, de façon constante et en un minimum de temps en considérant les contraintes relatives à un tel procédé. Dans un premier temps, l’objectif a été de comprendre le rôle du lixiviat dans ce procédé de digestion anaérobie discontinu, d’un point de vue biologique. Pour se faire quatre lixiviats ayant différentes origines ont été utilisés. Deux d’entre eux étaient biologiquement actifs (lixiviats provenant de méthaniseurs) et les deux autres stérilisés. Du point de vue abiotique, il a été montré que pour favoriser la digestion anaérobie, le lixiviat devait avoir un pH adéquat, présenter une concentration suffisante de nutriments et un fort pouvoir tampon. D’un point de vue biotique, deux communautés distinctes de microorganismes évoluent dans le lixiviat et dans le fumier, sans aucun transfert entre ces deux environnements, limitant ainsi le rôle d’inoculation souvent attribué au lixiviat. Dans un deuxième temps, la réalisation d’un plan d’expérience a permis d’identifier, au laboratoire sur pilotes instrumentés, des paramètres de recirculation du lixiviat qui influencent les vitesses de production de méthane. Ainsi, le temps entre les recirculations, le volume recirculé et le ratio lixiviat/substrat initialement introduit jouent sur la forme des cinétiques de production. En actionnant l’un ou l’autre de ces leviers, il serait potentiellement possible d’adapter la production de méthane, en fonction des besoins des systèmes de valorisation du biogaz en place sur ces installations. Enfin, la méthode de tomographie de résistivité électrique a été utilisée, à grande échelle, pour suivre la percolation du lixiviat à travers le massif et mettre en évidence les disparités de distribution du lixiviat dans le massif. Cette étude a montré que la géométrie du réseau de recirculation du lixiviat, consistant en un tuyau perforé parcourant la surface du massif dans le sens de la longueur, ne permettait pas un écoulement homogène du lixiviat dans les digesteurs. Certaines zones n’ayant jamais été humidifiées, la production de méthane se trouve réduite et les rendements amoindris. Cette thèse s’articule autour de plusieurs analyses multi-échelles et complémentaires permettant de mieux comprendre le rôle du lixiviat, d’améliorer sa mise en œuvre et son utilisation pour la digestion anaérobie des fumiers de bovins. / With 67 Mt of cattle manure recovered every year, France has a significant source of agricultural waste to be valorised through anaerobic digestion. Batch mode solid state anaerobic digestion (SSAD) process with leachate recirculation seems to be the most suitable technique to valorise that kind of waste, which contains high total solid content (>20%). Currently, this process is rare on French territory. To develop batch mode SSAD, various technical and scientific barriers must be straightened out, and particularly those concerning leachate recirculation. The objective of this work is to optimize SSAD of agricultural was (mostly cattle manure) by pointing out the most favorable settings that allow producing high volumes of biogas, steadily and within a short time, taking into account the particular technical constraints of this process. First of all, the objective was to better understand the biological role of leachate in the batch mode SSAD process. For that purpose, four leachates with different origins were used. Two of them were biologically active (from existing digesters) while the two others were sterilized. It was demonstrated an effective anaerobic digestion was favored by using a leachate gathering the following abiotic characteristics: an adequate pH, a strong buffer capacity and the presence of the right concentration of nutrients. From the biotic point of view, dedicated communities of microbes were in progress in each liquid and solid environment with nested relationship. The role of leachate as inoculum was then limited. In a second part, the influent parameters of leachate recirculation were identified at laboratory scale, by setting up a design of experiment. It was found that the elapsed time between two recirculations, the recirculated volume of leachate and the initial leachate to substrate ratio introduced in the reactor could modify the shape of methane production rate. By changing one or several of those parameters, it would be possible to control and adapt methane production rate to the specific constraints of one SSAD plant. In the last part, the Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) method was used, at full scale, to monitor the leachate percolation through the solid waste and highlight leachate distribution disparities. It was shown the leachate injection system consisting of a perforated pipe laying on the solid top surface was not efficient to evenly moisten the solid waste. From that observation, it was concluded that cumulated methane production could be improved if areas that were not in contact with leachate could be moistened by using another leachate injection system. This manuscript was based on several multi-scale and complementary analyses that allow a better understanding of the role of leachate during SSAD process and an improvement of its utilization for the anaerobic digestion of cattle manure.

With an increased urgency for global action towards climate change mitigation, this research was undertaken with the aim of evaluating post-combustion CO2 capture as an emission abatement strategy for gas-fired power plants. A dynamic rate-based model of a capture plant with MEA solvent was built, with imposed chemical equilibrium, and validated at pilot scale under transient conditions. The model predicted plant behaviour under multiple process inputs and disturbances. The validated model was next used to analyse the process and it was found that CO2 absorption is mass transfer limited. The model was then improved by explicitly adding reactions rate in the model continuity, the first such dynamic model to be reported for the capture process. The model is again validated and is observed to provide better predictions than the previous model. Next, high fidelity models of a gas-fired power plant, a scaled-up capture plant and a compression train were built and integrated for 90% CO2 capture. Steam for solvent regeneration is extracted from the power plant IP/LP crossover pipe. Net efficiency drops from 59% to 49%, with increased cooling water demand. A 40% exhaust gas recirculation resulted in a recovery of 1% efficiency, proving that enhanced mass transfer in the capture plant reduces solvent regeneration energy demands. Economic analysis reveals that overnight cost increases by 58% with CO2 capture, and cost of electricity by 30%. While this discourages deployment of capture technology, natural gas prices remain the largest driver for cost of electricity. Other integration approaches – using a dedicated boiler and steam extraction from the LP steam drum – were explored for operational flexibility, and their net efficiencies were found to be 40 and 45% respectively. Supplementary firing of exhaust gas may be a viable option for retrofit, as it is shown to minimise integrated plant output losses at a net efficiency of 43.5%. Areas identified for further study are solvent substitution, integrated plant part load operation, flexible control and use of rotating packed beds for CO2 capture.

This diploma thesis deals with the phenomenon appearing in hydrodynamic pumps at the sub-optimal flow rate. This phenomenon is inlet recirculation, which is an undesirable phenomenon in the suction of the pump. This recirculation causes cavitation, pressure pulsations and may cause clogging of the suction line. The main goal of the diploma thesis is CFD simulation for the recirculation mode, identification of the flow phenomena, and designs of possible measures to suppress inlet recirculation.

This diploma thesis is solving a problem of energy intensity evaluation of professional laundry process. It presents computational model of tumble dryer and calender. There are described factors in calender model, which influence energy intensity of drying process. Verification of the model has been done according to measured data from real professional laundry premise.

This diploma dissertation focuses on the constructional solutions of EGR exchangers in the form of a CAD model, on their CFD simulation, on the drawing of relevant conclusions, and also on the comparison of two developmental types of these exchangers.