A restauração de pavimentos flexíveis ocasiona, em todo o mundo, problemas ambientais em função do descarte dos materiais provenientes da demolição do pavimento existente, um dos motivos pelo qual a reciclagem de pavimentos tem se mostrado, cada vez mais, uma técnica sustentável e necessária, tanto na manutenção quanto na construção de novas estruturas. Na atualidade, existem as mais diversas técnicas de reciclagem. Neste trabalho, avaliou-se a reciclagem do revestimento asfáltico fresado (RAP) com a adição de agente de reciclagem emulsionado (ARE), estudando a viabilidade de seu emprego em bases asfálticas de pavimentos novos. Por meio de um programa laboratorial de ensaios, foi realizada a análise da estocagem, cura e compactação de uma mistura produzida em uma usina de reciclagem a frio. Para tanto, utilizou-se os parâmetros de módulo de resiliência (MR), resistência à tração por compressão diametral (RTCD) e dano por umidade induzida (DUI). A compactação da mistura no laboratório foi realizada com o Compactador Giratório SUPERPAVE (CGS) e com o Compactador Marshall, sendo avaliada a influência do tempo de estocagem, que é o tempo transcorrido entre a mistura e a compactação (na condição solta), e o tempo de cura após a compactação dos corpos de prova. Os resultados indicam que os parâmetros de MR, RTCD e DUI aumentaram quando a mistura solta permaneceu estocados, pela provável interação entre o agente de reciclagem emulsionado e o ligante asfáltico oxidado do RAP. Foi observado ainda um ganho substancial nos valores de MR e RTCD durante o período de cura, o qual foi pouco influenciado pela estocagem prévia do material. Quanto ao efeito do tipo de compactação, foi possível observar que os corpos de prova produzidos no CGS apresentaram maiores valores de RTCD, MR e DUI em relação aos corpos de prova do compactador Marshall, chegando, inclusive, a dobrar o valor de RTCD após 56 dias de cura. Também foi realizada a construção de dois trechos experimentais com a mistura reciclada estudada, visando o acompanhamento da execução, assim como, o monitoramento do desempenho da mistura, em campo, ao longo do tempo. Constatou-se que foi possível atingir a densidade obtida na compactação Marshall desde que sejam utilizados rolos compactadores adequados e que a espessura da camada seja limitada em até 8 cm. Já os levantamentos deflectométricos realizados durante o monitoramento confirmaram o comportamento mecânico observado em laboratório, indicando o ganho de rigidez da base reciclada ao longo do tempo. Conclui-se, portanto, que o emprego da mistura a frio de RAP com agente de reciclagem emulsionado é uma alternativa viável para a construção de bases de pavimentos rodoviários novos. / Asphalt pavements maintenance produces worldwide residues from milling of deteriorated pavements. Therefore, pavement recycling is a sustainable and necessary technique for new pavement construction and rehabilitation. Nowadays, there many technologies to apply recycling to pavement maintenance. This study evaluated the reuse of the reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) mixed with emulsified asphalt recycling agent and its viability to be used as an asphalt base course in new pavements. A laboratory program was used to assess the storage, the cure and compaction of a mix of RAP - emulsified asphalt recycling agent produced in a cold central plant recycling plant (CCPR). The resilient modulus (MR), the indirect tensile strength (ITS) and the moisture induced damage (MID), were used. The compaction at the laboratory was performed using de Superpave Gyratory Compactor (SGC) and the Marshall compactor. The storage period is referred as the time elapsed between the mix and the compaction, in the loose condition. On the other hand, the curing period is associated to the period elapsed after compaction of the specimens. Results showed that the storage period has little effect on the MR, ITS and MID parameters. However, this period was important to likely allow the emulsified asphalt recycling agent to interact with the aged asphalt binder from the RAP. It was observed a substantial increase of MR and ITS parameters during the curing and, again, the storage period had little effect on this. Regarding the compaction method, the SGS specimens had higher values at ITS, MR and MID values, when compared to the Marshall specimens. At the curing time of 56 days, the ITS was doubled at the SGS specimens. Additionally, this study performed the construction of two trial sections with the studied mix. The goal was to register the execution and assess its performance in field during a period. It was verified that in field is possible to reach Marshall densities, since adequate roller compactors are used with specific thickness. The performance of the trial sections was done from FWD testing. These results confirmed the laboratory mechanical behavior of the recycled cold mix, showing that the curing increase of the stiffness. Therefore, it is concluded that the cold mix using emulsified asphalt recycling agent is a viable alternative for the base course construction of new road pavements.

abstract: In the recent past, Iraq was considered relatively rich considering its water resources compared to its surroundings. Currently, the magnitude of water resource shortages in Iraq represents an important factor in the stability of the country and in protecting sustained economic development. The need for a practical, applicable, and sustainable river basin management for the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in Iraq is essential. Applicable water resources allocation scenarios are important to minimize the potential future water crises in connection with water quality and quantity. The allocation of the available fresh water resources in addition to reclaimed water to different users in a sustainable manner is of the urgent necessities to maintain good water quantity and quality. In this dissertation, predictive water allocation optimization models were developed which can be used to easily identify good alternatives for water management that can then be discussed, debated, adjusted, and simulated in greater detail. This study provides guidance for decision makers in Iraq for potential future conditions, where water supplies are reduced, and demonstrates how it is feasible to adopt an efficient water allocation strategy with flexibility in providing equitable water resource allocation considering alternative resource. Using reclaimed water will help in reducing the potential negative environmental impacts of treated or/and partially treated wastewater discharges while increasing the potential uses of reclaimed water for agriculture and other applications. Using reclaimed water for irrigation is logical and efficient to enhance the economy of farmers and the environment while providing a diversity of crops, especially since most of Iraq’s built or under construction wastewater treatment plants are located in or adjacent to agricultural lands. Adopting an optimization modelling approach can assist decision makers, ensuring their decisions will benefit the economy by incorporating global experiences to control water allocations in Iraq especially considering diminished water supplies. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Civil, Environmental and Sustainable Engineering 2019

Esta dissertação contempla um estudo da avaliação do efeito de diferentes teores de material fresado, conhecido como RAP (do inglês, Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement), na dosagem e no comportamento mecânico de misturas asfálticas recicladas a quente, para aplicação em camadas de revestimento de pavimento. Em uma primeira etapa, foram avaliadas, em laboratório, misturas com a incorporação de 0, 10, 20, 25, 35, 50 e 65% de material fresado, sem adição de agente rejuvenescedor (AR). Na segunda etapa, foi avaliado o comportamento das misturas com 25 e 50% de RAP, após adição de um AR de base vegetal. As misturas foram dosadas de acordo com o método Marshall e, em seguida, foram realizados os seguintes ensaios: resistência à tração por compressão diametral (RT), dano por umidade induzida (DUI), módulo de resiliência (MR), módulo dinâmico (MD), uniaxial de carga repetida para determinação do flow number e fadiga na flexão de quatro pontos. Embora o teor de ligante virgem adicionado tenha sido maior que o calculado (assumindo-se que todo o ligante asfáltico remanescente no RAP seria ativado e estaria disponível para se misturar com o ligante novo), foi possível obter uma significativa redução no consumo de ligante virgem. Em relação à RT e ao DUI, todas as misturas atenderam aos parâmetros estabelecidos nas especificações do Departamento Nacional de Infraestrutura de Transportes (DNIT) e do Departamento de Estradas de Rodagem do estado de São Paulo (DER/SP). Observou-se um aumento dos módulos de resiliência (a 25°C) para as misturas com altos teores de RAP, assim como um aumento dos módulos dinâmicos nas zonas de baixas frequências (ou elevadas temperaturas), indicando boa resistência à deformação permanente, o que foi corroborado pelos resultados de flow number. Além disso, verificou-se que, com relação à vida de fadiga, é possível produzir misturas com altos teores de RAP com propriedades similares a uma mistura convencional, ou até melhor, uma vez adicionado o agente rejuvenescedor. Adicionalmente, foram construídos três trechos experimentais, com 25% (sem AR), 25% (com AR) e 35% (com AR) de RAP na camada final de rolamento da Rodovia dos Bandeirantes (SP-348). Até o momento de conclusão desta pesquisa, observou-se um bom desempenho das misturas recicladas aplicadas. Por fim, o estudo mostrou que, não apenas o teor, mas sobretudo as características do material reciclado (tipo e propriedade do ligante envelhecido; granulometria e massas específicas do RAP), influenciam diretamente na dosagem e no comportamento mecânico das misturas. O uso de RAP com diferentes teores, de forma tecnicamente consciente, em camadas de revestimentos de pavimento é promissor em um futuro que busca cada vez mais a sustentabilidade das construções. / The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of different RAP (Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement) contents on the design and mechanical behavior of hot recycled asphalt mixtures for application in wearing courses of pavements. In a first step, mixes with the incorporation of 0, 10, 20, 25, 35, 50 and 65% of RAP were evaluated in the laboratory without the addition of rejuvenating agent (RA). In the second step, the behavior of the mixtures with 25 and 50% of RAP was evaluated after the addition of an engineered bio-based rejuvenator. The mixtures were designed according to the Marshall method and then, the tests of indirect tensile strength (ITS), moisture susceptibility, resilient modulus, dynamic modulus, repeated uniaxial test to determine the flow number and four-point bending fatigue test were performed. Although the added virgin binder content was higher than that calculated (assuming that all the RAP binder would be active and available to blend with the neat binder), a significant reduction in the virgin binder consumption was achieved. Regarding the ITS and the moisture susceptibility results, all mixes met the requirements set by the National Department of Transportation Infrastructure (DNIT) and São Paulo DOT (DER/SP). An increase of the resilient modulus (at 25°C) was observed for high RAP mixes, as well as an increase of the dynamic modulus in low frequencies (or high temperatures) zones, indicating a good resistance to permanent deformation that was further confirmed by the flow number results. In addition, it has been found that, regarding the fatigue life, it is possible to produce high RAP mixes with similar or even better properties than a conventional mix, once the rejuvenating agent is added. Additionally, three trial sections were constructed, with 25% (without RA), 25% (with RA) and 35% (with RA) of RAP in the wearing course layer of the Bandeirantes Highway (SP-348). Until the end of this research, a good performance of the applied recycled mixtures was observed. Finally, the study showed that not only the RAP content, but also the properties of the recycled material (type and properties of the aged binder, aggregate particle size and RAP specific densities) directly influence the design and the mechanical behavior of the mixes. The use of different RAP contents in wearing courses, when technically sound, is a promising technique in the future that increasingly seeks for sustainable constructions.

The spread of surface coal mining has resulted in loss of forests in the Appalachian region. The Forestry Reclamation Approach (FRA) was developed to provide guidance for restoring forests on reclaimed mined land. This study hypothesizes that the FRA will result in larger magnitude of sediment accumulation rates in reclaimed mine sites compared to those reclaimed using grassland reclamation. Three sediment cores and six trenches were sampled within four reclaimed mined and three previously logged sites in eastern Kentucky. Samples were processed for radionuclides, grain-size, stable isotopes (δ13C), and POC. LIDAR data were used to identify valley fills, while historical aerial photography was used to identify changes in vegetative cover from 1994 to 2016. Radionuclide dating was used to determine sediment accumulation rates over the previous 100 years. Results from logged sites are inconclusive. δ13C data for all sites fall within the range expected for forested landscapes (C3), and do not show any transitions from grassland to forests. POC data indicates that inventories and fluxes were the same for mined and logged sites. Sediment accumulation rates for reclaimed mined lands show elevated values after the implementation of the FRA, compared to grassland reclamation, thus supporting the hypothesis for previously mined sites.

The objectives of this research were 1) to examine correlations between compositional and structural properties of emulsion-treated base (ETB) layers, determine which of these factors exhibit the greatest spatial variability, and determine if significant differences exist between different test sections on a given project and 2) to investigate temporal trends in the structural properties of base materials treated with asphalt emulsion and to assess the rate at which ETB design properties are achieved. The research conducted in this study focused on testing of the ETB layer constructed on 7800 South (SR-48) in West Jordan, Utah. The research conducted in this study involved field and laboratory evaluations of spatial and temporal variability in properties of ETB. Regarding spatial results, the average modulus values of the ETB layer were unusually low for a typical stabilized base material and were in general even lower than the subgrade modulus values at this test site. All three sections had high moisture contents after compaction, with the moisture content of the ETB layer exceeding the specified optimum moisture content at many locations even before the emulsion was injected. One of the three test sections had higher percentages of reclaimed asphalt pavement and emulsion than the other two. The ETB compressive strength was very low throughout the entire year of testing, clearly demonstrating the consequences of inadequate emulsion curing associated with this project. The statistical analyses showed that higher pre-treatment moisture contents and higher amounts of binder added were associated with lower stiffness and strength, while higher wet densities were associated with higher stiffness and strength. The analyses also showed substantial variation in most response variables but comparatively low variation in predictor variables. Only four structural properties were significantly different between sections. Temporal testing was performed to monitor the properties of the ETB layer and to compare the ETB section to an adjacent untreated base course (UTBC) section. The ETB moisture content did not change significantly during the 1-year monitoring period, showing that drying of the ETB layer did not occur following placement of the hot mix asphalt surface. Furthermore, the analyses provided no evidence that the ETB layer experienced any sustained increase in strength as a result of emulsion curing; instead, the ETB modulus was shown to be greatly dependent on season, with higher ETB moisture contents and temperatures corresponding to lower ETB modulus values. Even during the winter when the ETB stiffness reached its peak, the modulus was still below the target value specified for this project. The statistical analyses indicated that the modulus values of the ETB and UTBC layers were not statistically different.

Water scarcity is a global concern that impacts many developing countries, forcing people to depend on unclean water sources for domestic, agricultural, and industrial needs. Wastewater is an alternative water source that contains nutrients needed for crop growth. Wastewater reuse for agriculture can cause public health problems because of human exposure to pathogens. Pathogen monitoring is essential to evaluate the compliance of wastewater with established World Health Organization (WHO) and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) wastewater reuse guidelines. Indicator organisms are commonly used to detect pathogens in water and wastewater because they are quick and easy to measure, non-pathogenic, and have simple and inexpensive methods of detection. The objective of this research was to develop a modified double agar layer assay method that can be conducted in the field to quantify bacteriophage to assess the quality of wastewater for agricultural reuse. Results from the modified double agar layer assay were used to investigate the potential of somatic coliphage as an indicator organism for assessing the potential presence of enteric viruses in developing world treated wastewater, and to use the criteria of a good indicator organism to compare the potential of two commonly used indicator organisms, somatic coliphage and fecal coliforms, as an indicator of enteric viruses in wastewater. A modified EPA double agar layer method was developed and deployed in a developing world rural community to effectively quantify the concentration of somatic coliphage in a community managed wastewater treatment system composed of a Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor followed by two maturation lagoons. The modified method served as a good indicator of enteric viruses in the water. Somatic coliphages were easily detected and quantified in the field setting using a modified double agar layer method. Somatic coliphage was found to be a potential indicator for enteric viruses rather than fecal coliforms because of their similarity in characteristics and resistances to wastewater treatment. The concentration of somatic coliphage was only reduced by 1.05 log units across the two series maturation lagoon system. Previous literature suggested removal would range from 2.1 to 4.6 log units. Influent wastewater (previously treated by an UASB reactor) had a concentration of 4.38 E+06 PFU/ 100 mL (standard deviation = ±3.7E+06, n = 9) and the treated effluent contained 3.90 E+05 PFU/100 mL (standard deviation = ± 4.5E+05, n = 8) of somatic coliphages. Results suggest that somatic coliphage is a good potential indicator for enteric viruses in wastewater but further research needs to be done.

Magistrantūros studijų baigiamajame darbe analizuojamas drenažo sistemų eksploatacijos efektyvumas. Darbą sudaro – įvadas, 5 skyriai, išvados ir rekomendacijos, naudotos literatūros sąrašas. Darbo apimtis – 56 puslapiai kompiuteriu spausdinto teksto, įskaitant 6 lenteles ir 37 paveikslus. Naudotos literatūros sąrašą sudaro – 34 šaltiniai. Nepriklausomybės metais, skiriant melioracijos darbams mažiau lėšų, melioracijos statinių būklė palaipsniui blogėjo. Pagal 2009 metų duomenis, Šilutės rajone nusausintų žemių iš viso yra 85113,90 ha, o nusausintas drenažu plotas sudaro 68352,30 ha, valstybei nuosavybės teise priklausančių melioruotų žemių ir melioracijos statinių balansinė vertė – 283902,773 tūkst. Lt. Žemės ūkio gamyba ir jos našumas tiesiogiai priklauso nuo melioracijos sistemų būklės, nes ji vyksta nusausintose žemėse, todėl būtina atsižvelgti į šio sektoriaus konkurencingumą rinkos sąlygomis bei Šilutės rajono ir bendrą Lietuvos žemės ūkio plėtrą, todėl tikslinga išanalizuoti melioruotų žemių inventorizacijos darbus ir nustatyti svarbiausius rodiklius, aktualius dabar ir ateityje naudojant melioruotą žemę ir melioracijos statinius. Šiai dienai esamų melioracijos statinių vidutinis amžiaus vidurkis siekia 35 metus. Žemės savininkai neturi lėšų tinkamai naudoti ir prižiūrėti melioracijos statinius, todėl jų techninė būklė sparčiai blogėja. Melioracijos statiniai teikia naudą žemdirbiams, kaimo gyventojams ir visai mūsų visuomenei. Nenorintis ar nepajėgiantis savo žemėje... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In the final work of master studies, we analyze efficiency of operating of drainage systems. The work consists of introduction, 5 chapters, conclusions and recommendations, a list of references. This makes 56 pages of printed text, including 6 tables and 37 pictures. Thirty -four references have been used. During the years of independence, with less means being assigned for land reclamation works, the technical state of land reclamation structures gradually became worse. According to the data of 2009, the drained area of land in Šilutė district consists of 85113,90 hectares (ha), of which 68352,30 ha are drained by drainage systems. The balance value of reclaimed lands and reclamation constructions owned by the state is 283902,773 Lt. Production of agriculture and its fertility is directly influenced by the condition of reclamation systems because drained lands are where cultivation occurs. Therefore it‘s necessary to consider land reclamation for its effect on competitiveness in the market and development of agriculture in Šilutė region and Lithuania. Thus, it is useful to analyze inventory works of reclaimed lands and determine the most important indicators, which are actual now and for the future, while using reclaimed land and reclamation constructions. The average age of presently used reclamation constructions is up to 35 years. The owners of lands do not have enough money to use and maintain reclamation constructions properly, so their condition becomes worse very fast... [to full text]

abstract: The sacred San Francisco Peaks in northern Arizona have been at the center of a series of land development controversies since the 1800s. Most recently, a controversy arose over a proposal by the ski area on the Peaks to use 100% reclaimed water to make artificial snow. The current state of the San Francisco Peaks controversy would benefit from a decision-making process that holds sustainability policy at its core. The first step towards a new sustainability-focused deliberative process regarding a complex issue like the San Francisco Peaks controversy requires understanding the issue's origins and the perspectives of the people involved in the issue. My thesis provides an historical analysis of the controversy and examines some of the laws and participatory mechanisms that have shaped the decision-making procedures and power structures from the 19th century to the early 21st century. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.A. Sustainability 2011

There is a growing need for fibres with increasing population. One way to solve this is to recycle the fibres from textile waste. In mechanical recycling by shredding the textiles are shredded back to fibrous form. The biggest problem with shredding is that it is a harsh process that reduces the fibre length and damages the fibre.   To make the shredding process more gentle and preserve more of the fibre length, pre-treatment that lowers the friction between the fibres have been investigated. Polyethene glycol 4000 (PEG 4000) is an environmentally friendly chemical that could be used to lower the friction of cotton and polyester, the two most used textile fibres. Another treatment evaluated is glycerol. The treatment should not affect further processing of the fibres. For evaluating the treatment, a test of the interfibre friction was performed on carded webs and fabrics that were untreated and treated. Prior to shredding four samples were made of fabrics of cotton, polyester and polycotton. From each fabric, one was left untreated, and one was treated with a low concentration of PEG 4000. The concentration of PEG 4000 was chosen from the test on fibres. Also from each fabric, two treatments that were not prepared by the author; one with a high concentration of PEG 4000 and the other with glycerol. All 12 samples were shredded back to fibres. The shredded material was analysed, and the fibre length was measured. The reclaimed fibres from the shredded material were also tried to be processed into yarns.   The main result was that it was possible to rotor spin yarn of 100% reclaimed fibres from cotton and polyester treated with PEG 4000, which means that the treatment did not interfere with the spinnability of the reclaimed fibres. Untreated cotton was also spinnable, but untreated polyester was not possible to card. The cotton and polyester treated with glycerol were possible to carded and made into a sliver but not spinnable. The reclaimed fibres from the polycotton fabric were not possible to card or process further. This result correlates with the analyses of the shredded material and the fibre length measurement. The best results were for polyester treated with 0.71 w% PEG 4000 that had 121% longer mean fibre length than untreated polyester. The best result for cotton was treated with 0.29 w% PEG 4000.

Le recyclage des enrobés bitumineux fabriqués selon un procédé tiède répond aux exigences du développement durable: il limite l'apport de matériaux neufs, permet la gestion des déchets et réduit la consommation d'énergie. Le recyclage des enrobés date des années 70 ; ce qui a changé depuis, c'est la volonté de pérenniser le recyclage à fort taux, définit ici à plus de 25% d'agrégats d'enrobés (AE). Les AE contiennent une part de bitume qui est valorisable pour ses propriétés viscoélastiques de liant hydrocarboné. Il est ainsi recherché une mobilisation de ce liant vieilli dans le processus de recyclage. L'un des problèmes suspectés lors du couplage recyclage/procédé tiède est le phénomène de double enrobage pouvant impacter la rhéologie du nouveau matériau: le liant de l'AE et le liant d'apport ne se mélangeraient pas totalement du fait de l'abaissement des températures de fabrication et formeraient des couches superposées. Ce phénomène serait la cause de dysfonctionnements mécaniques au niveau de l'enrobé. Il se pose donc la question de la qualité de l'enrobage de surfaces granulaires déjà enrobées et du manque de moyens de caractérisation pour l'observation in situ de l'interface. Dans ce travail de thèse, la qualité d'enrobage des agrégats d'enrobés par un liant d'apport a été évaluée à l'échelle microscopique et macroscopique. Au niveau microscopique, il a été proposé d'utiliser un outil de micro-spectroscopie infrarouge pour évaluer in situ la qualité d'interface entre l'AE et le liant d'apport et suivre la répartition spatiale de ces deux composants au sein d'enrobés de laboratoire. Cela a nécessité un important développement expérimental afin de pouvoir appliquer un accessoire d'imagerie infrarouge aux mélanges complexes que sont les formules d'enrobés bitumineux constitués de différentes fractions granulaires et de liant bitumineux. Il a ainsi été possible, grâce à l'identification préalable de traceurs internes, de suivre la remobilisation partielle du liant vieilli de l'AE. En parallèle, au niveau macroscopique, un protocole d'essai a été développé afin d'évaluer la durabilité des enrobés contenant des forts taux d'AE (50%), notamment des enrobés fabriqués selon un procédé tiède. L'essai actuel de fatigue est l'un des essais qui permet le mieux d'évaluer la durée de vie d'une couche de chaussée. Mais cet essai accéléré est biaisé car le bitume des échantillons testés n'a pas eu le temps de vieillir comme c'est le cas sur une vraie chaussée. Dans ce travail, il a donc été proposé d'ajouter une étape de vieillissement du matériau avant les essais de fatigue, d'orniérage, de tenue à l'eau et de module complexe. Il est supposé que le comportement réel du matériau se situerait entre celui du matériau non vieilli et celui du matériau vieilli. Les principaux résultats obtenus montrent qu'un enrobé tiède contenant un taux élevé d'AE présente de bonnes performances mécaniques excepté qu'il a tendance à être plus sensible à la fatigue qu'une même formulation de matériau fabriqué à chaud ou selon un procédé tiède mais sans ajout AE. / The recycling of asphalt mixtures manufactured with a warm process meets the requirements of sustainable development: it limits the use of new materials, allows waste management and reduces energy consumption. The recycling of asphalt mixtures dates from the 70's. What has changed since that is the will to sustain high rate recycling, defined here by more than 25% of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP). RAP contains a part of bitumen that is recoverable for its viscoelastic properties of asphalt binder. It is thus desired to mobilize this aged binder in the recycling process. One of the suspected problems when coupling recycling and warm process is the phenomenon of double coating that could affect rheological properties of the new material: the RAP binder and the new binder do not would mix completely due to the reduction of processing temperatures and would form superimposed layers. This phenomenon would cause mechanical dysfunctions in the asphalt mixture. This raises the question of the quality of the coating of granular surfaces, previously coated, and lack of characterization tools for in situ observation of the interface. In this thesis work, the quality of coating of RAP by a new binder has been evaluated at the microscopic and macroscopic scales. At the microscopic level, it has been proposed to use infrared micro-spectroscopy tool to evaluate the quality of interface between the RAP and the new binder and to follow the spatial distribution of these two components within mixtures produced in laboratory. To do that, it has been necessary to carry out an important experimental development in order to apply an infrared imaging accessory to complex mixtures that are the bituminous mixtures made of different granular fractions and bituminous binder. It was then possible, based on previous identification of internal tracers, to follow the partial remobilization of RAP aging binder. In parallel, at the macroscopic level, a testing protocol has been developed to evaluate the durability of high rate recycled asphalt mixtures (50% of RAP), including mixes produced in a warm process. The current fatigue test is one of the tests that best evaluate the lifetime of a pavement layer. But this accelerated test is biased because the bitumen of the mixtures tested did not have time to aged, as occurs in the case on a real road. In this work, it was proposed to add an aging step of the material before fatigue test, rutting test, modulus test and moisture damage test. It is assumed that the real behavior of the material would range between that of the unaged material and that of aged material. The main obtained results show that warm mixture asphalt containing high rate of RAP exhibit good mechanical performance, with a trend to be more susceptible to fatigue than a similar hot mixture or a warm mixture without added RAP.