En esta tesis se estudia el problema de modelado geométrico de objetos arbitrarios para aplicaciones de análisis electromagnético. El objetivo principal ha sido el desarrollo de un proceso completo, lo mas general posible, de modelado, discretización y análisis electromagnético con distintos métodos numéricos y asintóticos. Los modelo de superficies paramétricas seprocesan de la siguiente forma en función del método de análisis: Elementos de contorno: se discretizan lassuperficies paramétricas en elementos finitossuperficiales. Elementos finitos: se realiza un malladodel volumen encerrado por las superficies paramétricas. Gradiente conjugado con fft: la malla volumétrica setransforma en una malla regular. Métodos de alta frecuencia: se procesa gráficamente una visualización realista del modelo de superficies paramétricas.

Se presenta una actividad colaborativa de Matemática en la que los alumnos determinan las ecuaciones y las gráficas de cónicas y rectas; y reconocen las ventajas de usar un software como Winplot o Geogebra para obtener las gráficas, así como para realizar cambios de forma rápida.

Host fishes for the state-endangered Tennessee heelsplitter (Lasmigona holstonia) and state-threatened black sandshell (Ligumia recta) were identified through induced infestations of glochidia on potential hosts. Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), yellow perch (Perca flavescens), convict cichlid (Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum), platy (Xiphophorus maculatus), green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus), rock bass (Ambloplites rupestris), redbreast sunfish (Lepomis auritus), and white perch (Morone americana) were identified as suitable hosts for L. recta. The banded sculpin (Cottus carolinae) and rock bass were identified as hosts for L. holstonia; striped shiner (Luxilus chrysocephalus), central stoneroller (Campostoma anomalum), and warpaint shiner (Luxilus coccogenis) were identified as potential hosts. Additionally, rock bass and bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) were identified as potential hosts for the state-endangered spectaclecase (Cumberlandia monodonta), with numerous encysted glochidia present at 11 days postinfestation when the fish died. Recirculating culture systems of different design were tested for suitability in juvenile mussel culture. In one system (high maintenance), juveniles of the wavy-rayed lampmussel, Lampsilis fasciola, were kept in culture dishes, and in the other system (low maintenance), the juveniles were kept in culture beds. At the end of the 16-wk culture period, the 31.3% (± 15.4) survival exhibited in the dish culture system was significantly greater than the 3.1% (± 2.8) survival in the bed culture system (P< 0.01, Tukey-Kramer). However, mussels grown in the bed system exhibited significantly greater growth (1.4 ± 0.50 mm height, 1.8 ± 0.76 mm length) than those grown in the dish system (0.86 ± 0.19 mm height, 1.1 ± 0.27 mm length) (P<0.01, Tukey-Kramer). Using the high maintenance dish culture system and juveniles of L. fasciola, the influence of high (4.1%) and low (2.5 %) organic content in substrate, and high (250 mg/L CaCO₃) and low (50 mg/L CaCO₃) water hardness levels were assessed on growth and survival. After 15 wk, juveniles in the high water hardness treatment exhibited significantly greater survival and growth (44.2 ± 9.3% survival, 1.5 ± 0.28 mm height, 2.1 ± 0.41 mm length) than those in the low water hardness treatment (9.0 ± 7.9% survival, 1.3 ± 0.25 mm height, 1.8 ± 0.37 mm length) (P<0.01, Tukey- Kramer). Juveniles in the high organic substrate exhibited similar growth (1.41 ± 0.24 mm height, 1.96 +- 0.37 mm length) to those in the low organic substrate (1.39 ± 0.28 mm height, 1.94 ± 0.42 mm length). Juveniles grown in high hardness and high organic substrate had similar survival (27.4 +- 9.2%) to those in low organic substrate (25.8 ± 8.1 %). For the culture of L. fasciola juveniles, I recommend using a culture system that is cleaned regularly (weekly), receives a consistent (daily) supply of algal food, has relatively even flow, and from which juveniles are easily sampled. I recommend culturing them in relatively hard water (~ 250 mg/L CaCO₃), in a substratum with some organic content. These recommendations may warrant modification for the culture of other freshwater mussel species. / Master of Science

Submitted by Andrea Hayashi (deachan@gmail.com) on 2016-06-24T12:25:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao-andre-queiroz-de-lucena.pdf: 1390360 bytes, checksum: e69e9e9d57efb54a40c1c85c8c5a1e61 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Andrea Hayashi (deachan@gmail.com) on 2016-06-24T12:26:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao-andre-queiroz-de-lucena.pdf: 1390360 bytes, checksum: e69e9e9d57efb54a40c1c85c8c5a1e61 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-24T12:26:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao-andre-queiroz-de-lucena.pdf: 1390360 bytes, checksum: e69e9e9d57efb54a40c1c85c8c5a1e61 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho examina a formação da sociedade política na crítica de Rousseau ao jusnaturalista Samuel von Pufendorf. Enquanto o autor do Le Droit de la Nature et des Gens postula uma sociedade fundada nos mandatos da recta ratio, sociabilidade e cumprimento dos Deveres, Rousseau critica aqueles mandatos no que o faz reexaminar a natureza humana e as exigência da sociedade política. Daí, a oposição entre uma legitimidade baseada na alienação ao representante ou assembleia, e outra, formada pela vontade geral e liberdade do cidadão. Os temas implicam, portanto, em um e (ou) outro autor, na apresentação da teoria dos Seres Morais e dos princípios do direito político, do estado de natureza e das fórmulas contratuais. / This work examines the formation of the political society in criticism of Rousseau to the jusnaturalist Samuel Von Pufendorf. While the author of Le Droit La Nature et desgens posits a society founded in the mandates of the recta ratio,sociability and the fulfilment of duties, Rosseau criticizes those terms that makes him review the human nature and the requirement of the political society. Hence, the opposition between a legitimacy based on the alienation to the representative or House. And another one, formed by the citizen general will and freedom. The topics imply, therefore, in either of the author, on presentation of moral beings theory, the political right principles, the nature state as well as the contractual formulas.

El objetivo de esta investigación es caracterizar la construcción del significado del concepto de recta tangente en estudiantes de Bachillerato (16-17 años) en un experimento de enseñanza. El experimento de enseñanza tenía como objetivo tematizar el esquema de recta tangente, y para fundamentarlo generamos una trayectoria hipotética de aprendizaje en el sentido de Simon (1995) formada por una Descomposición Genética del concepto de recta tangente a una curva como una descripción de una progresión en el aprendizaje en estudiantes de 16-17 años, integrando información desde tres análisis: epistemológico, curricular y cognitivo, y un conjunto de actividades que integran el uso de recursos tecnológicos. El modelo de progresión en el aprendizaje del concepto de recta tangente usa la idea de linealidad local para apoyar la transición desde la concepción euclídea (recta tangente como aquella que toca, pero no corta a la circunferencia) de la recta tangente a la concepción cartesiana (recta tangente como límite de las rectas secantes). Nuestros resultados indican que la progresión en el aprendizaje se articula mediante dos características: (i) la integración de las perspectivas analítica local y geométrica, y (ii) la coordinación de la concepción leibniziana (si consideramos la curva formada por infinitos segmentos infinitesimales, la recta tangente es la prolongación del segmento en el que se encuentra el punto de tangencia) y la concepción cartesiana para superar los obstáculos derivados de la concepción euclídea. Identificamos tres trayectorias de aprendizaje caracterizadas por dos aspectos, (i) la relación entre los registros gráfico y analítico para apoyar la transición desde la concepción leibniziana a la concepción cartesiana; y (ii) la aproximación al valor de una función en el entorno del punto de tangencia mediante la recta tangente. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que la interiorización de la concepción leibniziana es necesaria para superar el obstáculo epistemológico que supone la concepción euclídea para la tematización del esquema de recta tangente. Finalmente, situamos los resultados de esta investigación en el debate sobre las diferentes maneras de entender las ideas de trayectoria de aprendizaje y progresión en el aprendizaje generadas en la educación matemática en los últimos años.

No description available.

Joseph Butler's moral thought and the ethical rationalism of Samuel Clarke, and his followers, John Balguy and Richard Price, are frequently distinguished, as a result of: (a) Butler’s empirical method (e.g., Kydd, Sturgeon); (b) Butler's emphasis upon self-love in the 'cool hour passage' (e.g., Prichard, McPherson); (c) Butlerian conscience, where, on a neo-Kantian reading, Butler surpassed the Clarkeans by conveying a sense of Kantian 'reflective endorsement' (e.g., Korsgaard, Darwall). The neo-Kantian criticisms of the Clarkeans in (c) are consistent with (d) Francis Hutcheson's and David Hume's criticisms of the Clarkeans; (e) modern criticisms of rational intuitionism that follow Hutcheson and Hume (e.g., Mackie, Warnock); and (f) the contention that the Clarkeans occupied an uneasy position within 'post-restoration natural law theory' (e.g., Beiser, Finnis). (d)-(e) thus underpin the distinction between Butler and the Clarkeans in (a)-(c), where the Clarkeans, unlike Butler, are criticised for representing moral truth as the passive, and self-evident, perception of potentially uninteresting facts. This study responds to (a)-(f), by arguing that Butlerian and Clarkean conscience possessed more than one referent; so that conscience meant an individual's experience of his own judgement and God’s judgement and the rational moral order. As a result of their shared theory of conscience, Butler and the Clarkeans held the same theory of moral development: moral agents mature as they move from obeying conscience according to only one of conscience's referents, to obeying conscience because to do so is to satisfy each of conscience's referents. In response to (a)-(b), this study demonstrates that the Clarkeans agreed with Butler’s method and 'cool hour': natural considerations of individual judgement and self-interest were necessary aspects of the progress towards moral maturity in both Butler and the Clarkeans. With respect to (c), it is argued that Butler and the Clarkeans shared the same understanding of practical moral reasoning as part of their shared understanding of conscience and moral development. This study places limits upon proto-Kantian readings of Butler, and neo-Kantian criticisms of the Clarkeans, while making it inconsistent to divide Butler and the Clarkeans on the basis of Butlerian conscience. In answer to (c)-(f), Clarkean conscience shows that the Clarkeans were neither complacent nor ‘externalists’. Clarkean conscience highlights how the Clarkeans positioned themselves within the tradition of Ciceronian right reason and Thomistic natural law. Consequently, in both Butler and the Clarkeans, the intuition of moral truth was not the passive perception of an 'independent realm' of normative fact, but the active encounter, in conscience, with reason qua the law of God’s nature, human nature, and the created universe.