Analysis of Spontaneous Adverse Events Reports after Tick-Borne Encephalitis Vaccine Author: Tereza Brázdová Supervisor: PharmDr. Eva Zimčíková, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Kateřina Malá, Ph.D. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and aim: Tick-borne meningoencephalitis is one of the most frequent causes of viral meningitis in Europe. In recent years, the number of cases of this infection in the Czech Republic has begun to rise. Vaccination is the only reliable protection against infection, but it also comes with some risks. Analysis of spontaneous adverse reaction reports is a key source of information for signal detection, which is used to identify drug risks. The aim of this thesis was to analyse the spontaneous reporting of suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs), using the data from the Central Database of ADRs provided by the State Institute for Drug Control. Methodology: Descriptive statistics were performed from reporting data in the period from June 2004 to October 2017. For example, the total number of reports, the number of ADRs and the patient characteristics were analysed. We compared the adverse reactions with the Vigibase database and evaluated the expectability of reported reactions. Results: During the...

Analysis of Spontaneous Adverse Events Reports of Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccine Author: Jana Kulhavá Supervisor: PharmDr. Eva Zimčíková, Ph.D. Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy Keywords: vaccination, measles, mumps, rubella, adverse events reports Introduction: The MMR vaccine is a combined vaccine used to vaccinate children against measles, mumps and rubella. Spontaneous reporting of adverse reactions is an important source of information to identify potential risks of medicinal products. Objective: The aim of this diploma thesis is the analytical evaluation of spontaneous reports of suspected adverse reactions after vaccination with MMR vaccine registered in the database of the State Institute for Drug Control during the period 2004 to 2017. Methods: The data were analyzed in Microsoft Excel spreadsheet software using descriptive statistics methods. The reported adverse reactions were classified into appropriate organ system classes according to the MedDRA Glossary of Medical Terminology. The expectability and severity of adverse reactions were assessed. Results: A total of 805 cases of suspected adverse reactions were reported between 2004 and 2007, which included 2,812 adverse reactions. Most suspected adverse...

Till följd av ökad medvetenhet hos företagens intressenter förväntas företagoffentliggöra så kallad frivillig information i sina årsredovisningar för atttillfredsställa det ökade informationsbehovet. I bakgrund av detta har syftet medstudien varit att få en bättre inblick i utvecklingen av företags frivilligainformation i sina årsredovisningar. Vi har undersökt om mängden frivilliginformation i årsredovisningar har ökat från år 2015 till år 2019 och hurvariationen av den frivilliga informationen sett ut samt vad som kan förklara denvariationen. Vi har även undersökt om det förekommer skillnader mellan de tvåobserverade branscherna sjukvård- och teknikbranschen på Nasdaq OMXStockholm. Studien tillämpar en kvantitativ metod med en deduktiv ansats. Utifrånteorier och tidigare studier har vi utformat fem hypoteser som testats där urvaletbestod av totalt 66 företag. Datamaterialet har samlats in från årsredovisningarutifrån en checklista som består av fem inriktningar som tillsammans innehåller 27upplysningar. Vår studie identifierar en ökning av frivillig information iårsredovisningar med 6–10 procentenheter under en femårsperiod.Sjukvårdsbranschen tenderar att offentliggöra mer frivillig information änteknikbranschen inom samtliga inriktningar med undantag från inriktningenframtidsutsikter. Studien påvisar att frivillig information i årsredovisningartenderar att öka över tid samt att företagen generellt lämnar minst informationinom inriktningarna forskning och utveckling samt framtidsutsikter. / As a result of increased awareness among their stakeholders, companies areexpected to publish so-called voluntary information in their annual reports tosatisfy the increased need for information. The purpose of the study has been togain a better insight into the development of companies' voluntary information intheir annual reports. We investigate whether the amount of voluntary informationin annual reports has increased from 2015 to 2019 and how different the voluntaryinformation is and the explanation of the difference. We also investigate whetherthere are differences between the two observed industries, healthcare andtechnology on Nasdaq OMX Stockholm. The study applies a quantitative methodwith a deductive approach. Based on theories and previous studies, we havedesigned five hypotheses that are tested when the sample consists of a total of 66companies. The data was collected from annual reports based on a checklistconsisting of five specializations that together contain 27 pieces of information.Our study identifies an increase in voluntary information in annual reports by 6–10percentage points over a five-year period. The healthcare industry tends to publishmore voluntary information than the technology industry in all areas except forfuture prospects. The study confirms that voluntary information in annual reportstends to increase over time and that companies generally provide the leastinformation in the categories of research and development and prospects.

De senaste åren har det talats mer och mer om smarta byggnader och byggnadsautomatisering. Även miljö, hållbarhet och energieffektivitet är ämnen som diskuteras frekvent. För att uppnå lönsamhet och hållbarhet är smarta byggnader ett aktuellt alternativ. Studien kommer ta avstamp ifrån en definition av vad smarta byggnader är och ha den som grund i studien som genomförs. Studien är en komparativ fallstudie med induktiv ansats. Syftet med studien är att undersöka ifall det finns någon skillnad i driftsäkerhet mellan en smart byggnad och en icke smart byggnad. Hur dessa skillnaderna utmärker sig och vart de i så fall finns. Studien görs med en induktiv ansats och slutsatsen mynnar ut i en teori som lyder att det inte finns någon skillnad i driftsäkerheten mellan en smart byggnad och en icke-smart byggnad. Trianguleringsmodellen används för att analysera den insamlade data. Både kvantitativa och kvalitativa data undersöks och analyseras genom komparation. För att få fram relevanta data kommer byggnadernas felanmälningar att analyseras, därtill kommer semistrukturerade intervjuer med personal som arbetar med byggnaderna dagligen genomföras. För att kunna göra detta förklaras begrepp och analysverktyg som driftsäkerhet, RCM, RAMS och feltolerans i teorikapitlet. / The last few years intelligent buildings and building automation have been increasingly discussed. The environment, sustainability and energy efficiency are subjects that are frequently discussed. Intelligent buildings could be a means to achieve profitability and sustainability. This study will begin with a review of different definitions of what an intelligent building is and arrive at a decision on what definition to use. From there a comparative case study with an inductive reasoning will be implemented. The purpose of the study is to find out if there is a difference in reliability between an intelligent building and a non-intelligent building. How these differences present themselves and where they can be found. The conclusion results in a theory formulated as there is no difference in reliability between an intelligent and a non-intelligent building. The triangulation model will be used to analyze the collected data. Both quantitative and qualitative data will be analyzed by comparison. To find relevant data fault reports from both buildings will be processed and analyzed, beyond that semistructured interviews will be conducted with employees that work with the buildings every day. To be able to implement a meaningful and reproducible study the report contains explanations of concepts as reliability, RCM, RAMS and fault tolerance.

This dissertation investigates whether a statistically significant relationship exists between a company’s corporate characteristics and the quality of its integrated report. The JSE Top 100 companies are used as the study population, with the Ernst & Young Excellence in Reporting ratings used as the framework for assessing integrated reporting quality. A multiple multivariate regression analysis was employed to assess the impact of ten company characteristics that were found to be prominent by other studies. The results show that firm size, board diversity, board independence and firms in the resource sector show a statistically significant positive association with components of integrated reporting quality as described in the Integrated Reporting Framework. The results suggest that firms with stronger adherence to good corporate practices, with firm board diversity and board independence as a possible indicator, are more responsive to the need for quality integrated reporting. Further, firms with greater accountability to stakeholders through their size of sector also appear to respond to this obligation through increased disclosures.

By law and according to conventional practice. individual psychoeducational testing is an essential part of the identification and placement process of handicapped students. However, evidence reported in the literature suggests that testing results, especially in the form of testing reports, are rarely fully utilized. This study was conducted at Intermountain Intertribal School at Brigham City, Utah and demonstrated a method of collecting objective data about the use of psychoeducational testing reports as well as the opinions and suggestions of staff members who used them. More specifically, this study documented: 1. Who the primary users of testing reports were and for what purposes the reports were used. 2. The clarity, accuracy, utility and adequacy of the reports as perceived by staff members. 3. The extent to which reports provided users with unique information about the student being evaluated. 4. The specificity, reality, applicability, and usefulness of the report recommendations as perceived by staff members. In spite of the fact that respondents generally found the reports to be free from jargon and judged the reports to be useful in preparing the student's educational program, results indicate that the testing results were used almost exclusively in the placement of the student and preparation of the student's individual education plan. Specific problems were noted in the writing and editing of the reports and recommendations for increasing the use and usefulness of testing reports are given.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / In this study we examined 381 interactions between Donors and Fundraisers from a large research university by analyzing their Contact Reports. Specifically, we examined whether we could extract measures of fundraiser empathy through the application of a coding scheme and linguistics analysis, and whether there are differences in the reports based on donor characteristics. We found evidence that there are significant differences between how fundraisers write reports and what they include in them, based on school of graduation and type of interaction, but little difference in their treatment by donor gender. We conclude that indeed measures of empathy can be extracted from Contact Reports, but that minimum standards of reporting should be adopted by fundraising organizations in order to support using Contact Reports as qualitative evaluation tools.

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Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of accounting firms’ visual portrayal.  Theoretical perspectives: Institutional theory, stereotype theory, legitimacy theory, stakeholder theory, and framing theory have, together with earlier literature, been applied to the empirical findings to fulfill the purpose of this thesis.  Methodology: Images in the annual reports of the Big 4 accounting firms in Sweden have been analyzed over a ten-year period. In total, 654 images have been coded and analyzed based on seven concepts. The first three concepts, namely gender, ethnicity, and age, are based on a visual content analysis. For the remaining concepts: professionalism, environmental sustainability, technology, and well-being, inspiration has been drawn from a visual grading analysis. In addition, secondary data concerning various events on a firm, institutional, and macro level that are related to the concepts of this thesis have, in essence, been collected from online news articles and annual reports of the Big 4 accounting firms in Sweden.  Findings: The findings show that the portrayal of professionalism is rather high but that a downward trend can be observed for most accounting firms. Instead, more room is given to the portrayal of other aspects which mainly revolves around environmental sustainability and well-being. The portrayal of ethnicity and young people show an upward trend for most accounting firms whereas there is a rather high portrayal of women in most years. Furthermore, the portrayal in accounting firms’ annual reports seem to be somewhat related to internal as well as external events.

Background: Sustainability in business has become an essential part for firms to consider, as stakeholder’s concerns are increasing, and the use of ESG scores has increased in the last years. Prior research mostly examines the European and US market and the relationship between ESG score and financial performance. Hence, a gap regarding ESG scores effect on stock performance, and possibilities for sustainable strategic management, was found on the Indian market as an emerging economy.  Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to examine the relationship between ESG, stock performance, and sustainability reporting of Indian companies. Thus, enable a deeper understanding of the impact of sustainable development on firms.  Method: This research has followed positivism and social constructionism, with a deductive approach, and both a quantitative and qualitative method. Purposive sampling is used, by collecting the stock prices, volatility and ESG scores for firms from the index Nifty 50. Two portfolios were conducted from the samplings, representing the firms with the highest and the lowest ESG scores, along with an analysation of the individual companies. The data were analysed in STATA by an OLS regression analysis and Pearson correlation test, to test the hypotheses. Observations of the firm’s sustainability reports were analysed to gather their sustainable actions.  Conclusion: The results indicated that ESG have a positive effect on stock prices, on the Indian market. Thus, firms would benefit from achieving a higher ESG-score. However, due to varying results regarding volatility, results could not be determined whether firms achieve any improved stability from a higher ESG score. The findings also show that there are differences between high and low ESG scored firms regarding SDGs, policy frameworks, anti-corruption and the ESG approach. Which indicate opportunities for Indian firms to develop their sustainable actions, to increase value creation for stakeholders.