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Under de kommande åren utvecklas ett flertal industrier i Norrbottens län vilket leder till utmaningar med kompetensförsörjning. Satsningarna antas fordra en stor befolkningsökning i länet, en strategi för detta är att locka tillbaka de personer som tidigare lämnat länet, så kallade hemvändare. De familjemedlemmar som flyttar tillsammans med en hemvändare, så kallade medflyttare, kan ställas inför utmaningar att skapa sociala nätverk på den nya platsen. Eftersom medflyttarna har en indirekt koppling till platsen, genom hemvändaren, är deras upplevelser av att skapa sociala nätverk intressanta. Med bakgrund i detta har Luleå kommun gett i uppdrag att studera medflyttares upplevelser av att flytta till kommunen. Det teoretiska begreppet sociala nätverk används för att förstå medflyttarnas upplevelser. Syftet med uppsatsen är att kartlägga sociala nätverk hos vuxna medflyttare som flyttar till sin partners ursprungliga kommun. För att uppfylla syftet har följande frågeställningar utformats: Vilka sociala nätverk skapar respektive bibehåller vuxna medflyttare vid flytten till Luleå? Vilken betydelse upplever vuxna medflyttare att de sociala nätverken har haft för derasvilja att bo kvar i kommunen? Vad anser vuxna medflyttare att arbetsgivare, kommun och andra offentliga institutionerverksamma inom kommunen kan göra för att underlätta för medflyttare att skapa sociala nätverk? Fem vuxna medflyttare intervjuades om deras upplevelser av att flytta till Luleå, de tillfrågades om sina sociala nätverk av grannar, den egna familjen, partnerns familj, vänner och kollegor. De fick också värdera de olika nätverken samt beskriva positiva respektive negativa upplevelser avatt ha kontakt med kommun, arbetsgivare och andra offentliga instanser som verkar i kommunen. Resultaten visar att partnerns nätverk är avgörande för medflyttarnas upplevelser av den första tiden i Luleå men att medflyttarna sedan lösgör sig allt mer från sin partner och skapar egna sociala nätverk. Resultaten visar också att de sociala nätverk som är mest utmanande för medflyttarna att skapa också är de sociala nätverk som är mest betydelsefulla för att de ska vilja stanna kvar i kommunen. Avslutningsvis visar resultaten på att kommunen, arbetsgivares och andra offentliga instansers insatser och aktiviteter påverkar medflyttarnas möjligheter att skapa sociala nätverk. / In the coming years, a number of industries will be developed in Norrbotten County, which pose challenges with the supply of competence. The investments are assumed to require a substantial increase in population in the county, a strategy for this is to attract back the people who havepreviously left the county, so-called returnees. The family members who move together with areturnee, so-called co-movers, may face challenges in creating social networks in the new place. Since the co-movers have an indirect connection to the place, through the returnee, their experiences of creating social networks are interesting. Based on this, Luleå municipality has commissioned a study of co-movers' experiences of moving to the municipality. The theoretical concept of social networks is used to understand the experiences of co-movers. The purpose of the thesis is to map social networks of adult co-movers who move to their partner's native municipality. To fulfill the purpose, the following issues have been formulated: What social networks do adult co-creators create and maintain when moving to Luleå? What significance do adult co-movers contribute to social networks for their desire to stayin the municipality? What do adult co-movers think that employers, municipalities and other public institutionsactive in the municipality can do to make it easier for co-movers to create social networks? Five adult co-movers were interviewed about their experiences of moving to Luleå, they were asked about their social networks of neighbours, their own family, partner's family, friends and colleagues. They also evaluated the various networks and described positive and negative experiences of having contact with the municipality, employers and other public institutions that operate in the municipality. The results show that the partner's network is crucial for the co-movers' experiences during their initial time in Luleå, but that the co-movers then become increasingly detached from their partner and create their own social networks. The results also show that the social networks that are most challenging for co-movers to create are also the social networks thatare most important for their desire to stay in the municipality. The results show that the municipality's, employers' and other public bodies' efforts and activities affect the migrants' opportunities to create social networks.

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Background Based on the Global Trends report from the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugee, in high-income countries, there are 2.7 refuges per 1,000 national population, girls and women account for nearly 50 percent of this refuge population. In these high-income countries, compared with the general population refuge women have higher prevalence of mental illness. To our knowledge this is the first systematic review that addresses access to mental health services for refugee women in high-income countries. Thus, this review was conducted to examine the barriers to and facilitators of access to mental health services for refugee women in high-income countries for refugee resettlement. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases were searched for research articles with qualitative component (including mixed-method or multi-method with qualitative component), in order to examine barriers and facilitators related to accessing mental health services. Relevant studies were collected on March 14, 2020 and were extracted and critically appraised by multiple authors. A narrative synthesis was conducted with the included studies to gather key synthesis evidence. Results Of the four databases searched, 1258 studies were identified with 12 meeting the inclusion criteria. The major barriers identified were language barriers, stigmatization, and the need for culturally sensitive practices to encourage accessing mental health care within a religious and cultural context. There were several studies that indicated how gender roles and biological factors played a role in challenges to accessing mental health services. The major facilitators identified were service availability and awareness in resettlement countries, social support and the resilience of refugee women to ease access of mental health services. Conclusion This review revealed socio-economic factors contributed to barriers and facilitators to accessing mental health among women refugees and asylum seekers. Addressing those social determinants of health can reduce barriers and enhance facilitators of access to mental health care for vulnerable populations like refugee women. Although there is a difference in health access policy among the top resettlement courtiers, the review found that there are no significant differences in accessing mental health for refugee and asylum seeker women among leading resettlement countries. The review findings suggest the need for further research on this topic given the potential significance of the findings on refugee and asylum seeker women mental health.

[pt] Obras de infraestrutura, que se apresentam como indutoras de desenvolvi-mento, frequentemente resultam em deslocamento involuntário e reassentamento de pessoas que ocupam ou dependem da área em questão. Tais processos de deslocamento e reassentamento podem estar associados a impactos adversos, gerando empobrecimento para as pessoas afetadas, bem como podem gerar oportunidades de desenvolvimento, não apenas para a região que se beneficiará das novas infra-estruturas instaladas, mas também para as pessoas afetadas física e/ou economicamente. Entender a engrenagem e a dinâmica de deslocamentos involuntários e reassentamentos e os fatores que contribuem para que tais processos resultem em impactos negativos ou positivos é fundamental para implementar planos de reassentamento que efetivamente gerem oportunidades e contribuam para processos de desenvolvimento integral. Alguns aspectos são fundamentais nesta discussão, entre eles (i) planejamento eficaz e participativo, com engajamento da comunidade afetada em todas as etapas do processo; (ii) compensação e restauração dos padrões de vida e meios de subsistência para além de compensação monetária; (iii) monitoramento e acompanhamento antes, durante e após o processo do deslocamento e reassentamento. É imperativo que se adote uma abordagem mais holística para o reassentamento, que conduza tal processo como um programa de desenvolvimento. / [en] Infrastructure projects presented as inducers of development often result in involuntary displacement and resettlement of people who occupy or depend on the area. Such displacement and resettlement processes can be associated with adverse impacts, resulting in impoverishment of the affected people, as well as it can generate development opportunities, not only for the region that will benefit from the new infrastructure, but also for the people physically and /or economically displaced. Understanding the gear and dynamics of involuntary displacement and resettlement and the factors that contribute for these projects to result in adverse or positive impacts is essential to implement resettlement programmes that effectively generate opportunities and contribute to development. Some key aspects to be considered in this discussion are (i) effective and participatory planning, with the engagement of the affected people in all stages of the process; (ii) compensation and restoration of living standards and means of subsistence in addition to monetary compensation; (iii) monitoring before, during and after the displacement and resettlement process. It is imperative to adopt an holistic approach to development-induced resettlement which conducts such process as a development program.

The longstanding framing of accountability in principal-agent terms has encouraged adversarial and oppositional interactions and ways of thinking amongst nonprofit and funding agency practitioners within government-nonprofit relationships. These interactions are deeply rooted in the accountability claims made by government funders and responded to by nonprofit practitioners. This dissertation outlines the implications of nonprofit-government contracting for participating nonprofit organizations and explores various strategies practitioners in those institutions utilize to respond to the challenges raised by their relationship to public funders. To understand the tensions surrounding government accountability claims, I provide an overview of the emergence of the contracting regime and an exploration of the understanding of accountability that has attended its evolution. Through an in-depth qualitative case study, constructed on the basis of interviews, observation, and document analysis and following a grounded theory approach to analysis, I explore various nonprofit manager responses to the norms and pressures of the contracting regime. I chronicle nonprofit practitioners\' responses to contracting regime pressures, including accepting those norms, even when arguably inimical to their organization\'s mission, ignoring them in favor of serving clients, or leaving the employ of organizations altogether. I also explore examples of practitioner efforts to navigate outside of the contracting regime\'s antagonistic framing and engage both with powerful stakeholders and others in their organizations to negotiate changes. Drawing on the theoretical lens of agonism, I examine the context and characteristics of those responses to provide insights into how nonprofit managers might move beyond antagonistic accountability frames. / Ph. D.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The United States is the world’s top resettlement country for refugees and the third largest community of Burmese refugees lives in the state of Indiana. Many refugee families look to their college-age youth to enhance their well-being. This study explored the lived experiences of Burmese refugee college students’ resettlement and the role that social support plays in that approach. In order to explore the refugee students’ resettlement experiences and the role of social support, social support theory and conservation of resources theory were used to explain the importance of social support for refugee students’ successful resettlement. A qualitative study using thematic analysis was conducted using 32 in-depth individual interviews with Burmese refugee students in higher education. Through an indepth examination of the lived experiences of Burmese refugee college students’ resettlement, four main themes were identified: challenges of resettlement, resettlement needs, the resources of social support, and resettlement experiences. Refugee students actively cultivated their life and showed aspirations of being successful members of this new environment. Even though they faced many challenges and needs identified through interviews, the participants overcame these barriers including a different culture and language and prosper in their lives in the host country. The social support from the coethnic community and people in the host country both affected the participants’ successful resettlement. Co-ethnic community also plays an important role to pursue higher education. The study findings will be used by social work practice, programs, and policies to improve the success of Burmese refugee students' resettlement. This study would serve as a foundation for enhancing refugee students’ resettlement and understanding the critical role of social support resources during the resettlement period. Burmese refugee students would be an important avenue to develop international relations and achieve social justice. In spite of a variety of barriers and prejudices, Burmese refugee students bloom and flourish in their new environment in the United States. They are beneficiaries but also currently benefactors. The perspectives on refugees need to change and move from victims to the citizens of the world.

<p>  </p> <p>This dissertation is an examination of rural Hoosiers, and in particular to what extent they accepted outside assistance against a backdrop of disruption brought about by mechanization, depression, and in some cases dislocation in the first half of the twentieth century. The "farm experts" from Purdue University, and "government men" from federal agencies came to assist rural Hoosiers cope with the “Farm Problem,” joining a succession of outsiders who came to help. Those who came to the rescue confronted a particular quality of character influenced by environmental elements, migration patterns, and received world views. The study uses a range of sources. A wealth of secondary scholarship was written shortly after the end of rural New Deal programs during World War II. Purdue Experiment Station research publications, Purdue Extension annual reports, county Extension agents’ reports, farm journals, newspaper reporting and editorials, congressional records, records and promotional materials of the Resettlement Administration and its successor the Farm Security Administration, and personal correspondence all give voice to actors and observers at the time. This study contributes to our understanding of rural New Deal initiatives in the Midwest as witnessed through an Indiana lens. The inquiry reveals the uneven and sometimes incoherent nature of “progress” as promoted by agents of change. Try as they might, rural Hoosiers could not resist or control forces of change in the face of worldwide crisis of economic disruption, ideological confrontation, and military aggression.</p>

Refugee Resettlement Agencies in the United States make headlines because of the people they help, but what about the immigrant support providers doing the work? In Boston and Worcester, Massachusetts there are organizations that open their doors to newly arrived people needing assistance. The purpose of this case study was to explore the experience of working as a resettlement provider for immigrants in Massachusetts between 2016 and 2021. I argue that Donald Trump’s policy decisions were a form of structural violence against and experienced by the resettlement organizations contracted to the federal government to assist refugees. Preliminary literature reviews showed research on refugees was saturated. A few articles discussed psychological impacts on providers in a clinical setting or presented quantitative analyses of immigration statistics. My research is a novel ethnographic case study of the resettlement organizations. This study was conducted over three years during the COVID-19 pandemic. I examined the effect of changes to the body-politic, the social-body, and the body-self levels of experience. By using a holistic model of health, I connect these experiences to the physical, social, and psychological dimensions of wellbeing. Throughout the fourth chapter, I argue that Trump’s pernicious executive policy decisions were intentional acts of violent against resettlement organizations across the United States. The anti-immigrant rhetoric in the media and policies, combined with increased xenophobia withdrew vital physical and social resources for providers. This created a shift in the hegemonic forces in the United States that impacted organization and refugees alike. Chapter Five argues that Massachusetts resettlement organizations were impacted through implicit effects at the state and community levels. As the pressure of their work increased and their community relationship became more complicated, their precarity was compounded by COVID-19. This is illustrated through the starvation of the social-body and subsequent re-feeding they experienced. Finally, Chapter Six argues that individual resettlement providers experienced a state of precarious wellbeing. They had to develop creative coping mechanisms to work through the precarity after being flooded with new arrivals. The providers embodied this precarity on a personal level, though not passively. They pushed back against the Trump Administration’s violence through interagency legal action, solid community partnerships, and individual coping mechanisms.

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