Something happens visiting a Spanish speaking country, where linguistic characteristics are not uniform throughout the country or region. Specifically, this research emerged from lack of knowledge of the pronoun vos, to acquire information to its introduction in the country of Costa Rica, its use, and variants, and the reasoning behind its prevalence in metropolitan regions, and certain regions around the Pitzer College Firestone Center.

Though Costa Rica has suffered numerous bouts of deforestation to its valuable tropical rainforest area, especially in the 1970s, it has become a leader in its efforts to regenerate and restore its rainforest. However, studies and protocols for the assessment of forest regeneration are urgently required. Research has shown that the percentage of light penetrating the canopy floor, or light fraction, is a good indicator of rainforest maturity. In this study, digital rectilinear photography and a global positioning system receiver were used to survey the Firestone Reserve inCosta Rica in order to measure the light fraction differences between primary/riparian forest, bamboo plantation, secondary hardwood plantation, and natural secondary regrowth. The images were used to calculate light fractions with the software program ImageJ. Using ArcGIS, a kernel density plot was created, along with a map organizing the light fractions in the vegetation types. Significant differences in light fraction were found between bamboo and all other vegetation types, between secondary natural regrowth and secondary hardwood plantation, and between secondary natural regrowth and primary/riparian forest. No significance was noted between primary/riparian and secondary hardwood plantation, or between primary/riparian and secondary forest. Inaccuracies of the study could be due to the high amount of variance, low sample size, or high levels of sunlight that distort the photographs. Nevertheless, the study provided useful information concerning the differences between vegetation types and has implications towards regrowth and recovery of the rainforest.

Zugl.: Bonn, Univ., Diss., 2009

This project looks at the history of the Afro-Costa Ricans in Costa Rica and their relationship with the Costa Rican government. The goal is to show that the geography of the country contributed to the marginalization and invisibility of this minority group. This has been done using archival materials from collections based in Costa Rica and secondary texts found in the United States. Upon examination of these materials it was clear that the province of Limón became a space connected with blackness and there were inequalities between citizens of the coastal province and the central valley. This research highlights the Afro- diaspora in Costa Rica, the flawed Costa Rican democracy and the effect of American Imperialism on Latin America. / text

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No description available.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Dengue fever has increased to the point where it has become a major international public health and economical problem, mainly in urban and semi-urban areas in tropical and subtropical regions. Worldwide 2,5 billion people live in regions where dengue can be transmitted and approximately 100 million people get infected yearly. In 2002 there was a great outbreak in Latin America, and Costa Rica was in the top three regarding reported cases. At the time of writing, reports show that cases of dengue are currently low in Costa Rica. Although the figures vary, dengue remains a public health problem. This study aimed to describe Costa Rican registered nurses’ views and experiences of caring for patients with dengue fever. Data were collected with semi-structured interviews and conducted with eight registered nurses from Costa Rica, and analysed with qualitative content analysis method with search for similarities and differences which later were categorized. The result was divided into five categories; the conception about dengue fever, caring, patient education, prevention and the future. The result showed a similar perception of the disease and was described as terrible, causing a lot of suffering for the patient, as well as a burden on the health care, that requires large financial resources. To control dengue and suppress the proliferation it is important to have different preventive means and to educate people to achieve a change of the mindset.

Background Out of all chromosomal disorders, Down syndrome is the most common. Being a parent to a child with this contition comes with unique challenges and can be a life-changing experience, as the child will require special attention and interdisciplinary care throughout the life span. Limited research has been done regarding parents experiences of daily life with a child having Down syndrome, and this study is an attempt to contribute to the understanding of this phenomenon in general, and in Costa Rica in particular. Aim The aim of the study was to describe parent's experiences of daily life with a child having Down syndrome in Costa Rica. Method A qualitative interview study with a semi-structure was used as approach together with qualitative content analysis. An inductive approach was used for the analysis. Six parents in San José were interviewed for the study. Result Parents' experiences of daily life with a child having Down syndrome in Costa Rica was associated with various aspects, some in general and some more specific. The general were positive and negative experiences, whereas the others were more focused on specific areas regarding the daily life and Costa Rica as a country. Conclusion Parents in Costa Rica tend to have similar positive and negative experiences when comparing to other studies of this phenomenon. The findings suggest that Costa Rica is a country with deficiencies when it comes to the social, legal and educational system.

自1949年以來，中國成為中國的（中國）中華人民共和國和台灣，中華民國在台灣（ROC），中國聲稱“只有一個中國”，中華民國聲稱被聯合國承認。迄今為止，台灣是由22個國家正式承認，其中一人是薩爾瓦多是中美洲。哥斯達黎加，來自同一個分區內，是台灣的重要盟友直到2007年，移動與中國建交。雖然台灣的發展合作是獲得更多的國際空間，它是多樣的，長期的;中國的合作是孤立台灣，它有一個小品種，短期內有很大的資金超過台灣。在另一方面，由於中國是全球範圍內獲得更多的相關性，許多國家更喜歡建立與中國，而不是台灣的官方關係;這是其中一個原因哥斯達黎加首選轉向外交關係 / Since 1949 that China became People’s Republic of China (PRC) and Taiwan, Republic of China in Taiwan (ROC), PRC claims “Only One China” and ROC claims to be recognized by the United Nations. Thus far Taiwan is officially recognized by 22 countries, one of them is El Salvador which is in Central America. Costa Rica, from the same sub-region, was an important ally of Taiwan until 2007 that shifted diplomatic relations with China. While Taiwan's development cooperation is for gaining more international space, it is diverse and long term; China’s cooperation is for isolating Taiwan, it has a little variety, short term and has much funding than Taiwan’s. On the other hand, since China is acquiring more relevance globally, many countries prefer to set up official ties with China instead of Taiwan; and this was one of the reasons why Costa Rica preferred to shift diplomatic ties